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Verma B, Kumar A, Verma N, Agrawal A, Yesilyaprak A, Furqan MM, Mahalwar G, Berglund F, Manna S, Schleicher M, Raeisi-Giglou P, Nasser M, Jabri A, Wang TKM, Klein AL. Clinical characteristics, evaluation and outcomes of chylopericardium: a systematic review. Heart 2023; 109:1281-1285. [PMID: 36702544 PMCID: PMC10423526 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2022-321798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chylopericardium (CPE) is a rare condition associated with accumulation of triglyceride-rich chylous fluid in the pericardial cavity. Due to minimal information on CPE within the literature, we conducted a systematic review of all published CPE cases to understand its clinical characteristics, management and outcomes. METHODS We performed a literature search and identified cases of patients with CPE from 1946 until May 2021 in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We identified relevant articles for pooled analyses of clinical, diagnostic and outcome data. RESULTS A total of 95 articles with 98 patients were identified. Patient demographics demonstrated male predominance (55%), with a mean age of 37±15 years. Time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 5 (Q1 4.5, Q3 14) days, with 74% of patients symptomatic on presentation. Idiopathic CPE (60%) was the most common aetiology. Cardiac tamponade secondary to CPE was seen in 38% of cases. Pericardial fluid analysis was required in 94% of cases. Lymphangiography identified the leakage site in 59% of patients. Medical therapy (total parenteral nutrition, medium-chain triglycerides or octreotide) was undertaken in 63% of cases. In our cohort, 32% progressed towards surgical intervention. During a median follow-up of 180 (Q1 180, Q3 377) days, CPE recurred in 16% of cases. Of the patients with recurrence, 10% were rehospitalised. CONCLUSION CPE tends to develop in younger patients and may cause serious complications. Many patients fail medical therapy, thereby requiring surgical intervention. Although overall mortality is low, associated morbidities warrant close follow-up and possible reintervention and hospitalisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beni Verma
- Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pericardial Diseases,Section of Cardiovascular Imaging,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Cardiovascuar Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ashwin Kumar
- Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pericardial Diseases,Section of Cardiovascular Imaging,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Nikita Verma
- Department of Medicine, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Ankit Agrawal
- Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pericardial Diseases,Section of Cardiovascular Imaging,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Abdullah Yesilyaprak
- Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pericardial Diseases,Section of Cardiovascular Imaging,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Muhammad M Furqan
- Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pericardial Diseases,Section of Cardiovascular Imaging,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Gauranga Mahalwar
- Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pericardial Diseases,Section of Cardiovascular Imaging,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - Felix Berglund
- Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pericardial Diseases,Section of Cardiovascular Imaging,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sayan Manna
- Mallinckrodt Institute Department of Radiology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mary Schleicher
- EIectronic Library Services,Research Innovation and Education, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Pejman Raeisi-Giglou
- Department of Cardiovascuar Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mohamed Nasser
- Department of Cardiovascuar Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ahmad Jabri
- Department of Cardiovascuar Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Tom Kai Ming Wang
- Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pericardial Diseases,Section of Cardiovascular Imaging,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Allan L Klein
- Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pericardial Diseases,Section of Cardiovascular Imaging,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Resolution of chylopericardium after balloon dilatation of tricuspid valve stenosis in a Labrador Retriever. J Vet Cardiol 2022; 42:47-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Spontaneous chylopericardium in an adult due to mediastinal cystic hygroma. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 37:591-595. [PMID: 34511772 DOI: 10.1007/s12055-021-01162-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chylopericardium is a rare and benign condition. Apart from common causes like non-surgical trauma, tuberculosis, malignancy, radiation, and postoperative, mediastinal cystic hygroma presenting as chylopericardium is an extremely rare entity. Primary or idiopathic chylopericardium is diagnosed when the precise cause is not known. It is a diagnosis of exclusion. We report a 27-year-old lady with mediastinal cystic hygroma, presenting as spontaneous chylopericardium, who was managed surgically with no recurrence on 18 months follow-up. She was evaluated for complaints of discomfort in the upper abdomen region and breathing difficulty in left lateral position for 4 days, and was found to have a large pericardial effusion with impending tamponade. She underwent pericardiocentesis, and on fluid analysis, it was confirmed as chylous pericardial effusion. She was evaluated thoroughly and was taken up for right video-assisted thoracoscopy. The thoracic duct was clipped and a window was created in the pericardium, the cystic hygroma was excised, and pleurodesis was done. The postoperative period was uneventful. Histopathology of the pericardial window showed chronic inflammatory pathology and cystic lesion was confirmed as a chylous cyst.
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Chylopericardium Effusion in a Lac Alaotra Bamboo Lemur ( Hapalemur alaotrensis). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020536. [PMID: 33669516 PMCID: PMC7922474 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The clinical staff of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Milan in Lodi have worked closely with veterinarians operating in a famous zoological park in Northern Italy. Thanks to this collaboration it has been possible to properly manage the clinical case reported in this brief communication. In veterinary medicine, clinical cases of chylopericardium in the species Hapalemur alaotrensis have never been described in the literature. Even in more common species, such as dogs and cats, it is a very rare pathology. The description of this clinical case and its diagnostic management can be a valid clinical and anatomopathological support for other colleagues who face a similar case, so that they can focus on diagnostic investigations useful for diagnosis. A new anesthesiologic protocol, allowing the optimal management of the patient throughout the clinical procedure, is also reported in detail, as well as the detailed description of the lymphoCT examination. For all these reasons the authors think that the description of this clinical case can help other colleagues in the management of infested subjects. Abstract An 11-year-old female Hapalemur alaotrensis was evaluated following a history of dyspnea of 15 days’ duration. Thoracic radiography performed by the referring veterinarian revealed a large cardiac silhouette and dorsal deviation of the trachea. Heart sounds were muffled. Echocardiographic findings were indicative of severe pericardial effusion without cardiac tamponade. No pleural effusion was identified. A computed tomography (CT) exam confirmed the presence of severe pericardial effusion and allowed identification of a parenchymatous mediastinal lesion sited at the level of the left hemithorax. To delineate the thoracic duct, lymphoCT was also performed by injection of iodinated contrast medium in the perianal subcutaneous tissue. Pericardiocentesis yielded a considerable amount of effusion with chylous biochemical and cytological properties. A diagnosis of chylopericardium with absence of pleural effusion was made. Initially, the chylopericardium was managed conservatively with two centesis and oral treatment with prednisolone. Medical treatment did not result in complete resolution of effusion and clinical signs; therefore, subtotal pericardiectomy and thoracic duct ligation were recommended. After the second pericardiocentesis, the subject died and the pericardiectomy could not be performed. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of the development of chylopericardium in a Hapalemur alaotrensis.
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Yu X, Jia N, Ye S, Zhou M, Liu D. Primary chylopericardium: A case report and literature review. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:419-425. [PMID: 29375697 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary chylopericardium (CP) is a rare clinical condition in which chylous fluid containing high concentrations of triglyceride accumulates in the pericardial cavity. The present study reports a case of CP that was successfully treated by reconstruction surgery of thoracic duct. To improve the ability to diagnosis and treat this rare disease, the current study also systematically extracted 104 reported cases of primary or idiopathic CP from the past 60 years (January 1950 to December of 2015), and reviewed the clinical manifestation, etiology, diagnosis and treatment of these cases. The age at diagnosis varied between 6 weeks and 79 years with a mean age of 27.95±16.50 years. Asymptomatic patients accounted for 39.42% of cases, while the most common initial symptoms were dyspnea (44.23%) and coughing (10.58%). Jugular venous distention and distant heart sound was identified in 23 (22.12%) and 34 cases (32.69%), respectively. Cardiomegaly in X-ray scans was detected in the majority of patients (93.27%). In addition, lymphoscintigraphy and lymphangiography were helpful in identifying the source of chyle. Regarding the etiology, idiopathic cases accounted for 35.56% of the included cases in the present study. The most important cause of primary CP was abnormal connection or accumulation of lymph fluid in the pericardium (37.50%). Conservative therapy included low-fat or medium-chain triglyceride diet, as well as total parenteral nutrition. The majority of patients (71.2%) required surgery for definitive therapy, and thoracic duct ligation was the most preferred surgical procedure, performed in 44.23% of cases. Follow-up was reported in 64 cases, and all patients survived during the mean follow-up period of 12 months. Therefore, it is suggested that surgical management is the most successful treatment method and is associated with a favorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Na Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Sanxia Ye
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Deping Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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Nardini M, Katsogridakis E, Migliore M, Dunning J. Chylopericardium with symptoms of tamponade on the grounds of extensive neck vein thrombosis. J Surg Case Rep 2017; 2017:rjw242. [PMID: 28122899 PMCID: PMC5266082 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjw242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chylopericardium is a recognized complication of thoracic trauma, surgery or malignancy. Idiopathic or primary presentations, however, are rarely encountered in clinical practice. The severity of its presentation varies from the complete absence of symptoms to cardiac tamponade. We present the case of a 23-year-old woman with chylopericardium and extensive neck vein thrombosis that was managed surgically with a pericardial window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Nardini
- Cardiothoracic Department, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK .,Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Katsogridakis
- Academic Surgery Unit, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Marcello Migliore
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Joel Dunning
- Cardiothoracic Department, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
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Ko S, Lee YH, Cho KH, Yoon YC, Han IY, Park KT, Jung SJ. Chylopericardium Secondary to Lymphangiomyoma - A case report -. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2012; 44:377-9. [PMID: 22263193 PMCID: PMC3249345 DOI: 10.5090/kjtcs.2011.44.5.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chylopericardium is a rare disease entity characterized by the accumulation of chylous fluid in the pericardial sac. It usually arises from mediastinal neoplasms, thrombosis of the subclavian vein, tuberculosis, nonsurgical trauma, thoracic or cardiac surgery. The spectrum of symptoms for chylopericardium varies from an incidental finding of cardiomegaly to dyspnea, upper abdominal discomfort, cough, chest pain, palpitation, fatigue. However, most of the patients are asymptomatic. The main purpose of treatment of chylopericardium is the prevention of cardiac tamponade and prevention of metabolic, nutritional, and immunological compromise due to chyle leak. Here, we report a case of chylopercardium secondary to lymphangiomyoma with review of the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongmin Ko
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Korea
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Abstract
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) can commonly present as chylothorax and rarely as chylopericardium. Here we are presenting a case of a 21-years-old female with bilateral chylothorax, chylopericardium and chylous ascites all together finally diagnosed to have NHL as the etiology. To the best of our knowledge, it has been reported very infrequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kashyap
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Vineet Mahajan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Jagdeep Whig
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sushil Gupta
- Department of Critical Care, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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Abstract
We are presenting a rare case of cardiogenic shock caused by chylopericardium. After the initial pericardial drainage and failed conservative treatment, thoracic duct ligation was performed with good long-term outcome. Literature on the subject is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Novitzky
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa General Hospital, Tampa, Florida 33606, USA
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Chylopericardium in adults: a literature review over the past decade (1996-2006). J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008; 136:650-6. [PMID: 18805268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2008.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2007] [Revised: 02/18/2008] [Accepted: 03/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We present a systematic overview of the literature on reported cases of chylous pericardial effusion in adults over the past 10 years, assessing clinical presentation, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. METHODS We conducted an evidence-based literature review searching for all reported adult cases of chylopericardium in the past 10 years (January 1996-December 2006). RESULTS A total of 33 reported cases of chylopericardium were identified through a systematic literature search. There was no gender bias in the incidence of chylous pericardial effusion. Age at diagnosis varied from 18 to 68 years with a mean +/- standard deviation of 36.78 +/- 14.71 years. Time from symptom onset to diagnosis was variable (ranging from acute presentation to several years). The most common reported etiology was idiopathic. The diagnosis was made by pericardiocentesis in all patients. A search for secondary causes included computed tomography of the chest, lymphoscintigraphy, and lymphangiography along with radioactive oral (131)I-triolein. Conservative therapy was prescribed in 28 patients and failed in 16, in whom subsequent surgery was necessary. Overall, 21 patients underwent various types of surgery. Thoracic duct ligation with creation of a pericardial window was the most common surgical procedure. CONCLUSION Chylopericardium is a rare entity. The fluid appearance, triglyceride content, cytologic characteristics, and negative cultures are crucial to make the correct diagnosis. Treatment is dependent on the etiology. Surgical management is the most successful. Conservative therapy is reserved for patients with idiopathic chylopericardium, those with an untreatable etiology, those considered at high risk for surgical treatment, or those with a predictably short lifespan.
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Kim SJ, Shin ES, Kim SW, Shin JK, Cheong JP, Kim YM, Lee SG. A case of cardiac lymphangioma presenting as a cystic mass in the right atrium. Yonsei Med J 2007; 48:1043-7. [PMID: 18159600 PMCID: PMC2628184 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2007.48.6.1043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A 44-year-old woman underwent surgery for an asymptomatic primary tumor of the heart located in the right atrium. The tumor was detected incidentally during follow-up computed tomography for a resected breast cancer. The mass, lying along the lower portion of the right atrial septum, was homogenous and cystic in nature, as detected by transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography. Complete resection was performed via a median sternotomy under cardiopulmonary bypass. The postoperative course was uneventful. However, the histological result was surprising: the mass was a cardiac lymphangioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Jae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Eun-Seok Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Seon Woon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Je-Kyoun Shin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Jong-Pil Cheong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Pathology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Sang-Gon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
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Revere DJ, Makaryus AN, Bonaros EP, Graver LM. Chylopericardium presenting as cardiac tamponade secondary to an anterior mediastinal cystic teratoma. Tex Heart Inst J 2007; 34:379-382. [PMID: 17948094 PMCID: PMC1995052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac tamponade, the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space, leads to impaired venous return, loss of left ventricular preload, and hemodynamic collapse. The many causes of tamponade include malignancy, infection, inflammation, connective tissue disorders, and uremia. Herein, we report the case of a young woman who presented with syncope. She was found to have cardiac tamponade secondary to a chylous pericardial effusion that was due to a mature and benign anterior mediastinal cystic teratoma. Numerous reports have described pericardial effusions secondary to an anterior mediastinal cystic teratoma; however, to our knowledge, this is the 1st case of a teratoma causing chylopericardium that presented as tamponade.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Revere
- Divisions of Cardiology, North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA.
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Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 7-year-old spayed female Labrador Retriever was evaluated because of pericardial effusion. CLINICAL FINDINGS The dog had a history of decreased appetite and exercise intolerance of 3 days' duration. Thoracic radiography performed by the referring veterinarian revealed a large cardiac silhouette. Heart sounds were muffled. Echocardiographic findings were indicative of severe pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade; no pleural effusion was identified. Pericardiocentesis yielded a considerable amount of chylous fluid. A diagnosis of chylopericardium in the absence of pleural effusion was made. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME Conservative management was not effective, and subtotal pericardectomy and thoracic duct ligation were recommended. Surgery was postponed by the owners for 25 days, at which time the dog had both chylopericardium and chylothorax. The dog underwent subtotal pericardectomy and thoracic duct ligation; to delineate the thoracic duct, intraoperative lymphangiography was performed by injection of a radiopaque contrast agent directly into a mesenteric lymph node and subsequent injection of methylene blue solution into another mesenteric lymph node. Surgical treatment resulted in complete resolution of the clinical signs and pleural effusion. CLINICAL RELEVANCE To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of the development of chylopericardium prior to development of chylothorax in a dog. Treatment with thoracic duct ligation and pericardectomy resulted in complete resolution of the effusion and clinical signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Boston
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
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15
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Abstract
Pericardial tamponade is a life-threatening emergency. Chyle is a rare cause of pericardial effusion and can lead to cardiac tamponade. This case illustrates the presentation, work-up and operative video of a patient in pericardial tamponade secondary to chylopericardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moishe Liberman
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Avenue-L10-520, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1A4.
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