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Eldakhakhny B, Alamoudi AA, Gad H, Almoghrabi Y, Shamrani T, Daghistani H, Bima A, Ajabnoor G, Alfayez F, Elsamanoudy A. Introducing Group Open-Book Exams as a Learning and Assessment Strategy in the Clinical Biochemistry Course for Medical Students. Cureus 2024; 16:e51792. [PMID: 38322080 PMCID: PMC10844773 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teachers constantly strive to obtain reliable and appropriate teaching and assessment methods to maximize the learning experience. This study aimed to introduce combined modified team-based learning and open-book exams (TBL/OBEs) as learning and assessment strategies in clinical biochemistry for medical students and assess students' perceptions. METHODS Second-year medical students enrolled in the clinical biochemistry course were included in this study and subjected to TBL/OBE assessment. The assessment included two parts: the open-book format for half of the questions and the closed-book format for the other as a control. Upon completing the combined TBL/OBE session, the students were required to complete a structured survey to evaluate their perception of the experience. The data were gathered and analyzed. Data were presented as mean±standard error of the mean (SEM), and a p-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 358 students completed the TBL/OBE and closed-book exam (CBE) and responded to the survey. Of these students, 76% preferred the OBE, and 84% thought it was a suitable learning method. On the one hand, the mean difficulty of the OBE format was 92.7±1.5 SEM, while, for the CBE, the mean difficulty was 88.7±1.9 SEM (p=0.015). On the other hand, the mean discrimination factor for OBE was 0.26±0.04 and, for the CBE, 0.41±0.04 SEM (p=0.0016). Males found the OBE questions easier (p=0.025) and less stressful (p=0.01). CONCLUSION A combined model of modified TBL and OBE is a successful learning and assessment strategy in clinical biochemistry for medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basmah Eldakhakhny
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
- Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Aliaa A Alamoudi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Hoda Gad
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EGY
| | - Yousef Almoghrabi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Taghreed Shamrani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
- Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Hussam Daghistani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Abdulhadi Bima
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Ghada Ajabnoor
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
- Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Fayza Alfayez
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Ayman Elsamanoudy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, EGY
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Bartz D, Pelletier A, Alexander EK, Osman NY, Johnson NR. Service learning and the medical student affective domain. CLINICAL TEACHER 2022; 19:247-250. [PMID: 35322544 DOI: 10.1111/tct.13478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Association of American Medical College (AAMC) requires all students to demonstrate four core attributes: knowledge, skills, altruism and dutifulness. A formal service-learning curriculum may serve to explicitly foster altruism and dutifulness in the affective domain of Bloom's taxonomy as well as proactively improve student well-being. APPROACH All Harvard Medical School students enrolled in the Principal Clinical Experience (PCE) programme in the 2018-2019 academic year at Brigham and Women's Hospital were excused from clerkship responsibilities and given the opportunity to participate in a half-day team-based community-service intervention at a not-for-profit organisation in Boston, MA. Following the service-learning initiative, we examined student compassion, civic responsibility, well-being and team cooperativeness using validated survey questions, supplemented by free-text feedback. EVALUATION Forty-five of the 55 PCE students (82%) attended the outing. Overall, 68% of students found the outing to be valuable and 23% somewhat valuable. On a scale of 0-20, students reported very high self-perception of compassion (mean = 19.9), civic responsibility (mean = 19.7) and team development and composition (mean = 19.1), after the event. Students reported lower perceptions of personal well-being (mean = 17.5), but emotional wellness was the most frequently mentioned theme in open response. IMPLICATIONS Incorporation of a team-based service-learning activity contributes to the students' community understanding, empathy and class team building. Utilisation of a published framework in the development of this initiative likely contributed to its success. Given our findings, we plan further expansion of this service learning longitudinally through the 4-year curriculum to potentially strengthen the affective domain for students further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Bartz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrea Pelletier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erik K Alexander
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Brigham Education institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nora Y Osman
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Natasha R Johnson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Vannini V, Alberti S, Epifani C, Valentini O, Ferri P. The effects of online Team-Based Learning on undergraduate nursing students' performance, attitudes and accountability during COVID-19 pandemic. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2022; 93:e2022346. [PMID: 36533742 PMCID: PMC9828915 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v93i6.13769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The COVID-19 pandemic forced many institutions to move Team-Based Learning to an online format. The primary aim of this study is to examine the performance of undergraduate nursing students on tRAT and iRAT during online TBL. The secondary aims are to evaluate the students' attitudes and their accountability, preferences and satisfaction with online TBL. METHODS The study employed a one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. The primary outcome was evaluated by comparing the students' average scores in the tRAT versus the iRAT in each online TBL session. The secondary outcomes were evaluated through the questionnaire designed by Parmelee et al. (2009) and the Team-Based Learning Student Assessment Instrument (TBL-SAI) (Mennenga, 2012). RESULTS A statistically significant improvement was identified between tRAT and iRAT performances in all online TBL sessions (p<0.001). Students' satisfaction with team experience showed a statistically significant increase (p=0.003). Participants considered the peer evaluation to be fair (p<0.001), although it didn't encourage them to study more (p=0.028). Finally, students felt they were able to make the right decisions (p<0.001). The mean scores for accountability (m=30±3.7) and preferences for TBL (m=51.8±6.3) were higher than their neutral values (n=24; n=48). Students' satisfaction was neutral (m=27.8±5, n=27). CONCLUSIONS In online TBL, teamwork has improved individual performances and has been appreciated by the participants. The online TBL had a positive effect on the accountability of students who preferred it to frontal lectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Vannini
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sara Alberti
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Epifani
- Department of Emergency and Internal and Radiological Medicine, Local Health Care Service of Romagna, Faenza, Italy
| | - Orietta Valentini
- Education Department, Local Health Care Service of Imola, Imola, Italy
| | - Paola Ferri
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Burton R, van de Mortel T, Kain V. Applying team-based learning in a transnational post registration bachelor of nursing program in Singapore. BMC Nurs 2021; 20:82. [PMID: 34030689 PMCID: PMC8142512 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-021-00593-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Team-Based Learning (TBL) is growing in popularity as a method to create active learning within larger group lectures. It is facilitated through phases of individual work, teamwork with immediate feedback and an application exercise, to develop students’ understanding and assessment of conceptual knowledge. A single facilitator can manage many groups within larger lectures. The study aim was to evaluate the impact of TBL on the engagement, learning and satisfaction of students enrolled in a transnational post registration Bachelor of Nursing (BN) program in Singapore. Methods A cross-sectional design was employed. The TBL approach was delivered during lecture sessions within a post registration BN program delivered in a Higher Education Institution in Singapore. A sample of BN students was drawn from 305 students undertaking the program. An online anonymous university-delivered student evaluation of course (SEC) survey and an online anonymous survey using the Student Assessment Instrument, were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data. Survey participation was voluntary with informed consent protocols followed. Student performance in the course was also reviewed. Results Eighty-two students (27%) completed the SEC scoring a median of 4/5 for satisfaction, and 68 (22%) completed the online survey. As 93 was the neutral score for the survey, there was a moderately positive evaluation with an overall score of 108.5/155 for TBL in accountability for learning, TBL preference and satisfaction with TBL compared to traditional lecture approaches. Conclusions Implementation of TBL with this cohort demonstrated evidence of moderately positive engagement, learning and satisfaction when compared to traditional didactic lectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob Burton
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Thea van de Mortel
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Victoria Kain
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
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Manfrin A, Apampa B, Parthasarathy P. A conceptual model for students' satisfaction with team-based learning using partial least squares structural equation modelling in a faculty of life sciences, in the United Kingdom. JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION FOR HEALTH PROFESSIONS 2019; 16:36. [PMID: 31791118 PMCID: PMC6887653 DOI: 10.3352/jeehp.2019.16.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Students' satisfaction is an essential element in higher education. This study aimed to identify paths and predictive power of students' satisfaction during team-based learning (TBL) activities in the faculty of life sciences using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). METHODS In 2018-2019, at the University of Sussex (Falmer, UK), 180 life science students exposed to TBL were invited to participate in the study. Team-Based-Learning-Student-Assessment-Instrument was used. A conceptual model was developed for testing six hypotheses. H1: What was the effect of TBL on student satisfaction? H2: What was the effect of lectures on student satisfaction? H3: What was the effect of TBL on accountability? H4: What was the effect of lectures on accountability? H5: What was the effect of accountability on student satisfaction? H6: What were the in-sample and out-of-sample predictive power of the model? The analysis was conducted using the PLS-SEM approach. RESULTS Ninety-nine students participated in the study giving a 55% response rate. Confirmatory tetrad analysis suggested a reflective model. Construct reliability, validity, average extracted variance, and discriminant validity were confirmed. All path coefficients were positive, and 5 were statistically significant (H1: β=0.587, P<0:001; H2: β=0.262, P<0.001; H3: β=0.532, P<0.001; H4: β=0.063, P=0.546; H5: β=0.200, P=0.002). The in-sample predictive power was weak for Accountability, (R2=0.303; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.117-0.428; P<0.001) and substantial for Student Satisfaction (R2=0.678; 95% CI, 0.498-0.777; P<0.001). The out-of-sample predictive power was moderate. CONCLUSION The results have demonstrated the possibility of developing and testing a TBL conceptual model using PLS-SEM for the evaluation of path coefficients and predictive power relative to students' satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Manfrin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Clinical & Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Bugewa Apampa
- Sussex Pharmacy, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
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