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Hill TG, Hill DJ. The Importance of Intra-Islet Communication in the Function and Plasticity of the Islets of Langerhans during Health and Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4070. [PMID: 38612880 PMCID: PMC11012451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Islets of Langerhans are anatomically dispersed within the pancreas and exhibit regulatory coordination between islets in response to nutritional and inflammatory stimuli. However, within individual islets, there is also multi-faceted coordination of function between individual beta-cells, and between beta-cells and other endocrine and vascular cell types. This is mediated partly through circulatory feedback of the major secreted hormones, insulin and glucagon, but also by autocrine and paracrine actions within the islet by a range of other secreted products, including somatostatin, urocortin 3, serotonin, glucagon-like peptide-1, acetylcholine, and ghrelin. Their availability can be modulated within the islet by pericyte-mediated regulation of microvascular blood flow. Within the islet, both endocrine progenitor cells and the ability of endocrine cells to trans-differentiate between phenotypes can alter endocrine cell mass to adapt to changed metabolic circumstances, regulated by the within-islet trophic environment. Optimal islet function is precariously balanced due to the high metabolic rate required by beta-cells to synthesize and secrete insulin, and they are susceptible to oxidative and endoplasmic reticular stress in the face of high metabolic demand. Resulting changes in paracrine dynamics within the islets can contribute to the emergence of Types 1, 2 and gestational diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. Hill
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - David J. Hill
- Lawson Health Research Institute, St. Joseph’s Health Care, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada;
- Departments of Medicine, Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
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Pérez-Arana GM, González-Domínguez Á, Visiedo F, Gómez AD, Bancalero-de Los Reyes J, Camacho-Ramírez A, Ribelles-García A, Almorza-Gomar D, Gracia-Romero M, Casar-García J, Prada-Oliveira JA. Somatostatin: a possible mediator of the long-term effects of experimental vertical gastrectomy on glucose metabolism in rats? J Gastrointest Surg 2024:S1091-255X(24)00398-6. [PMID: 38574966 DOI: 10.1016/j.gassur.2024.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is one of the most commonly performed bariatric surgeries. SG treats type 2 diabetes mellitus better than several drugs. The mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon are not clear. This study proposed that somatostatin (SST) isoforms SST-14 and SST-28 are key in the carbohydrate after SG. METHODS Surgeries were performed on 3 groups of Wistar rats: the fasting, surgery control, and SG groups. Plasma levels of glucose, insulin, SST-14, and SST-28 were measured at 2 survival periods after surgery. Islet SST receptor (SSTR) and cell populations were studied. We performed a pasireotide (SST-28 analogue) infusion assay in another group of rats to confirm the influence of SST-28 plasma levels on the delta-cell population. RESULTS This study found an elevation in the insulin response after SG in animals but a decrease in the insulin response over the long term with a loss of beta-cell mass. An increase in duodenal SST-28-producing cells in the duodenum and a loss of pancreatic SST-14-producing cells were observed after SG in animals but not in controls. The expression of SSTR type 5 in delta-cell populations from each group and the ability of the pasireotide infusion assay to decrease the delta-cell population indicated the effect of SST-28 plasma levels on delta-cell maintenance. CONCLUSION After SG initiates a compensatory response in the duodenum, beta-cell mass is depleted after loss of the brake that regulates SST-14 at the paracrine level in a nonobese, normoglycemic rat model. This was an experimental model, with no clinical translation to the human clinic, with a preliminary importance regarding new pathophysiologic perspectives or pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo-Martín Pérez-Arana
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain; Institute for Biomedical Science Research and Innovation (INIBICA), University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Álvaro González-Domínguez
- Institute for Biomedical Science Research and Innovation (INIBICA), University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Francisco Visiedo
- Institute for Biomedical Science Research and Innovation (INIBICA), University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | | | | | - Alonso Camacho-Ramírez
- Institute for Biomedical Science Research and Innovation (INIBICA), University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain; Surgery Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | | | - David Almorza-Gomar
- Institute for Biomedical Science Research and Innovation (INIBICA), University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain; Department of Operative Statistic and Research, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | | | - Juan Casar-García
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - José-Arturo Prada-Oliveira
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain; Institute for Biomedical Science Research and Innovation (INIBICA), University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.
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Mercantepe F, Tumkaya L, Mercantepe T, Rakici SY, Ciftel S, Ciftel S. Radioprotective effects of α2-adrenergic receptor agonist dexmedetomidine on X-ray irradiation-induced pancreatic islet cell damage. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1827-1836. [PMID: 36877270 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive epidemiological analyses conducted in the last 30 years have revealed a link between radiation and DM. We aimed to determine the effects of dexmedetomidine pretreatment on radiation-induced pancreatic islet cell damage. Twenty-four rats were divided into three groups: group 1 (control group), group 2 (only X-ray irradiation group), and group 3 (X-ray irradiation + dexmedetomidine). We observed necrotic cells with vacuoles accompanying loss of cytoplasm in the islets of Langerhans, extensive edematous areas, and vascular congestions in group 2. In group 3, we observed a decrease in necrotic cells in the islets of Langerhans, and edematous areas and vascular congestion was also reduced. We determined a decrease in β-cells, α-cells, and D-cells in the islets of Langerhans in group 2 compared to the control group. In group 3, β-cells, α-cells, and D-cells were elevated compared to group 2. Ionizing radiation may induce DM. Dexmedetomidine appears to exert a radioprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Mercantepe
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 2 Nolu Sehitler Street, Rize, 53020, Turkey.
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Sema Yilmaz Rakici
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Serpil Ciftel
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum Regional Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sedat Ciftel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum Regional Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
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Demko P, Hillebrandt KH, Napierala H, Haep N, Tang P, Gassner JMGV, Kluge M, Everwien H, Polenz D, Reutzel-Selke A, Raschzok N, Pratschke J, Sauer IM, Struecker B, Dobrindt EM. Perfusion-Based Recellularization of Rat Livers with Islets of Langerhans. J Med Biol Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-022-00697-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Artificial organs might serve as alternative solutions for whole organ transplantation. Decellularization of a liver provides a non-immunogenic matrix with the advantage of three afferent systems, the portal vein, the hepatic artery and the bile duct. This study aims to evaluate the recellularization of rat livers with islets of Langerhans via the bile duct and the portal vein for the comparison of different perfusion routes.
Methods
Rat livers were decellularized in a pressure-controlled perfusion manner and repopulated with intact isolated islets of Langerhans via either the portal vein or the bile duct.
Results
Repopulation via the portal vein showed islet clusters stuck within the vascular system demonstrated by ellipsoid borders of thick reticular tissue around the islet cluster in Azan staining. After recellularization via the bile duct, islets were distributed close to the vessels within the parenchymal space and without a surrounding reticular layer. Large clusters of islets had a diameter of up to 1000 µm without clear shapes.
Conclusion
We demonstrated the bile duct to be superior to the portal vein for repopulation of a decellularized rat liver with islets of Langerhans. This technique may serve as a bioengineering platform to generate an implantable and functional endocrine neo-pancreas and provide scaffolds with the anatomic benefit of three afferent systems to facilitate co-population of cells.
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Moullé VS. Autonomic control of pancreatic beta cells: What is known on the regulation of insulin secretion and beta-cell proliferation in rodents and humans. Peptides 2022; 148:170709. [PMID: 34896576 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Insulin secretion and pancreatic beta-cell proliferation are tightly regulated by several signals such as hormones, nutrients, and neurotransmitters. However, the autonomic control of beta cells is not fully understood. In this review, we describe mechanisms involved in insulin secretion as well as metabolic and mitogenic actions on its target tissues. Since pancreatic islets are physically connected to the brain by nerves, parasympathetic and sympathetic neurotransmitters can directly potentiate or repress insulin secretion and beta-cell proliferation. Finally, we highlight the role of the autonomic nervous system in metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity.
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Egal ESA, Jacenik D, Soares HP, Beswick EJ. Translational challenges in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor immunotherapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188640. [PMID: 34695532 PMCID: PMC10695297 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are rare types of pancreatic cancer formed from islet cells of pancreas. Clinical presentation of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors depends on both tumor progression and hormone secretion status, which generate several complications in both diagnosis and treatment. Despite numerous strategies, treatment of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors still needs improvement. It is suggested that immune response modulation may be essential in the regulation of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor progression and patient's symptomology. Accumulating evidence indicates that immunotherapy seems to be a promising treatment option for patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Nevertheless, several challenges in pre-clinical and clinical studies are present. This review provides knowledge about microenvironment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors including significance of cytokine and chemokine as well as specific immune cell types. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo models of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and translational challenges are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Said Abu Egal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, UT, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Damian Jacenik
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, UT, Salt Lake City, United States; Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, UT, Salt Lake City, United States; Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Heloisa Prado Soares
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, UT, Salt Lake City, United States.
| | - Ellen J Beswick
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, UT, Salt Lake City, United States
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Wang M, Guo S, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H. Remifentanil attenuates sepsis-induced intestinal injury by inducing autophagy. Bioengineered 2021; 12:9575-9584. [PMID: 34709123 PMCID: PMC8809909 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1997562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Remifentanil (RFT), extensively used for general anesthesia, is a synthetic ultra-short-acting opioid used as an anti-inflammatory oxidant to alleviate a plethora of diseases. This study was designed to determine whether RFT would provide protective effects on sepsis-induced intestinal injury.The determination of cell viability and inflammation of LPS-treated IEC-6 cells influenced by RFT was conducted by Cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), RT-qPCR, and western blot, while the detection of LDH, diamine oxidase (DAO), and intestinal-type fatty acid binding proteins (I-FABP) was conducted for determining the intestinal cytotoxicity in these cells. The apoptosis of these cells was detected by TUNEL, with autophagy-related protein expression measured by western blot to confirm whether autophagy was activated. Finally, the aforementioned assays were conducted again after 3-Methyladenine (3-MA), an autophagy inhibitor, was used on these cells to investigate whether RFT exerted its effects on LPS-treated IEC-6 cells via modulation of autophagy.RFT alleviates LPS-induced IEC-6 cell inflammation, cytotoxicity and apoptosis, and autophagy-related proteins were expressed at higher levels when RFT was used on these cells. Nevertheless, further treatment of 3-MA weakened the restorative impacts of RFT on the inflammation, cytotoxicity and apoptosis of these cells.To conclude, this paper is the first to present evidence that RFT attenuates sepsis-induced intestinal injury by inducing autophagy, which will provide instructions for the future investigations into the use of RFT in treatment of intestinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Wang
- Department of Nursing, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Shiqi Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
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Pérez-Arana GM, Fernández-Vivero J, Camacho-Ramírez A, Díaz Gómez A, Bancalero de los Reyes J, Ribelles-García A, Almorza-Gomar D, Carrasco-Molinillo C, Prada-Oliveira JA. Sleeve Gastrectomy and Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass. Two Sculptors of the Pancreatic Islet. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10184217. [PMID: 34575329 PMCID: PMC8465472 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Several surgical procedures are performed for the treatment of obesity. A main outcome of these procedures is the improvement of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Trying to explain this, gastrointestinal hormone levels and their effect on organs involved in carbohydrate metabolism, such as liver, gut, muscle or fat, have been studied intensively after bariatric surgery. These effects on endocrine-cell populations in the pancreas have been less well studied. We gathered the existing data on these pancreatic-cell populations after the two most common types of bariatric surgery, the sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and the roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), with the aim to explain the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these surgeries and to improve their outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo-Martín Pérez-Arana
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain; (J.F.-V.); (A.C.-R.); (A.R.-G.); (C.C.-M.)
- Institute for Biomedical Science Research and Innovation (INIBICA), University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain;
- Asociación Gaditana de Apoyo al Investigador (AGAI), 11012 Cadiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.-M.P.-A.); (J.-A.P.-O.)
| | - José Fernández-Vivero
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain; (J.F.-V.); (A.C.-R.); (A.R.-G.); (C.C.-M.)
| | - Alonso Camacho-Ramírez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain; (J.F.-V.); (A.C.-R.); (A.R.-G.); (C.C.-M.)
- Asociación Gaditana de Apoyo al Investigador (AGAI), 11012 Cadiz, Spain
- Surgery Unit, Puerta del Mar Universitary Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain
| | | | | | - Antonio Ribelles-García
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain; (J.F.-V.); (A.C.-R.); (A.R.-G.); (C.C.-M.)
| | - David Almorza-Gomar
- Institute for Biomedical Science Research and Innovation (INIBICA), University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain;
- Operative Statistic and Research Department, University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Carmen Carrasco-Molinillo
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain; (J.F.-V.); (A.C.-R.); (A.R.-G.); (C.C.-M.)
| | - José-Arturo Prada-Oliveira
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain; (J.F.-V.); (A.C.-R.); (A.R.-G.); (C.C.-M.)
- Institute for Biomedical Science Research and Innovation (INIBICA), University of Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain;
- Asociación Gaditana de Apoyo al Investigador (AGAI), 11012 Cadiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.-M.P.-A.); (J.-A.P.-O.)
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Protective Role of Somatostatin in Sepsis-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction through Inhibiting the Activation of NF- κB Pathway. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2020; 2020:2549486. [PMID: 33376482 PMCID: PMC7746440 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2549486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatostatin (SST) has a protective role in intestinal injury, inflammatory response, and intestinal mucosal barrier in rats with acute pancreatitis. However, its function in sepsis-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction remains largely unknown. A mouse sepsis model was constructed, and SST was injected into the tail vein. Then, hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE) was used to detect the intestinal barrier dysfunction. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the level of tumor necrosis factor α- (TNF-) α, interleukin- (IL-) 6, and interleukin- (IL-) 10 in the ileum. Expressions of tight junction proteins, zonula occludens- (ZO-) 1 and Claudin-1, and NF-κB p65 in the ileum were detected using western blot and immunohistochemistry as needed. Furthermore, JSH-23 as an inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway was injected into sepsis mice with SST or not. Mice with sepsis showed an obvious intestinal barrier dysfunction with decreasing specific somatostatin receptor subtype (SSTRs), and increasing TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 in the ileum. SST could relieve the injury, the decrease of SSTRs, and the increase of TNF-α and IL-6 induced by sepsis and also further enhanced the expression of IL-10. Further analysis showed that ZO-1 and Claudin-1 were reduced in the ileum by sepsis but enhanced by SST. NF-κB p65 was promoted in the ileum by sepsis but inhibited by SST. Further experiments confirmed that NF-κB inhibitor JSH-23 could repair the intestinal barrier dysfunction and enhance the protective effect of SST on the intestinal barrier. SST, with a protective effect on intestinal barrier dysfunction through suppression of NF-κB, could be a potential therapeutic drug for sepsis-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction.
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Wei Q, Qi L, Lin H, Liu D, Zhu X, Dai Y, Waldron RT, Lugea A, Goodarzi MO, Pandol SJ, Li L. Pathological Mechanisms in Diabetes of the Exocrine Pancreas: What's Known and What's to Know. Front Physiol 2020; 11:570276. [PMID: 33250773 PMCID: PMC7673428 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.570276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical significance of diabetes arising in the setting of pancreatic disease (also known as diabetes of the exocrine pancreas, DEP) has drawn more attention in recent years. However, significant improvements still need to be made in the recognition, diagnosis and treatment of the disorder, and in the knowledge of the pathological mechanisms. The clinical course of DEP is different from type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DEP develops in patients with previous existing exocrine pancreatic disorders which damage both exocrine and endocrine parts of pancreas, and lead to pancreas exocrine insufficiency (PEI) and malnutrition. Therefore, damage in various exocrine and endocrine cell types participating in glucose metabolism regulation likely contribute to the development of DEP. Due to the limited amount of clinical and experimental studies, the pathological mechanism of DEP is poorly defined. In fact, it still not entirely clear whether DEP represents a distinct pathologic entity or is a form of T2DM arising when β cell failure is accelerated by pancreatic disease. In this review, we include findings from related studies in T1DM and T2DM to highlight potential pathological mechanisms involved in initiation and progression of DEP, and to provide directions for future research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Pancreas, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Qi
- Department of Endocrinology, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Lin
- Institute of Pancreas, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Clinical Science and Research, ZhongDa Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dechen Liu
- Institute of Pancreas, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Clinical Science and Research, ZhongDa Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangyun Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Pancreas, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Dai
- Nanjing Foreign Language School, Nanjing, China
| | - Richard T Waldron
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Aurelia Lugea
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Pancreas, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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11
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Borçari NR, dos Santos JF, Reigado GR, Freitas BL, Araújo MDS, Nunes VA. Vitamins Modulate the Expression of Antioxidant Genes in Progesterone-Treated Pancreatic β Cells: Perspectives for Gestational Diabetes Management. Int J Endocrinol 2020; 2020:8745120. [PMID: 33014046 PMCID: PMC7512066 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8745120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes (GD) is a condition defined as carbohydrate intolerance and hyperglycemia beginning in the second trimester of pregnancy, which overlaps with the progesterone exponential increase. Progesterone has been shown to cause pancreatic β-cell death by a mechanism dependent on the generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. Herein, we studied the effect of this hormone on the expression of 84 genes related to oxidative stress and oxidant defense in pancreatic RINm5F cell lineage. Cells were incubated with 0.1, 1.0, or 100 μM progesterone for 6 or 24 h, in the presence or absence of the vitamins E and C. Among the investigated genes, five of them had their expression increased, at least 2-fold, in two different concentrations independently of the time of incubation, or at the same concentration at the different time points, including those that encode for stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1), dual oxidase 1 (Duox1), glutathione peroxidase 6 (GPx6), heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1), and heat shock protein a1a (Hspa1a). Vitamins E and C were able to increase, in progesterone-treated cells, the expression of genes with antioxidant function such as Hmox1, but decreased Scd1 expression, a gene with prooxidant function. At cytoplasmic level, progesterone positively modulated Hmox1 and Hspa1a content. These results suggest that the protein encoded by these genes might protect cells against progesterone induced-oxidative damage, opening perspectives to elucidate the molecular mechanism involved in progesterone action in GD, as well as for the development of antioxidant strategies for the prevention and treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Viviane Abreu Nunes
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
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