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Cultivation and Uses of Moringa oleifera as Non-Conventional Feed Stuff in Livestock Production: A Review. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:life13010063. [PMID: 36676012 PMCID: PMC9865686 DOI: 10.3390/life13010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
M. oleifera is the best known and the most utilized of the 14 known species of the genus Moringa. Moringa is used as animal fodder and a medicinal plant as well as in the purification of water. Studies have shown that the day/night temperature of 30/20 °C is the most favorable for M. oleifera germination, plant growth and development. M. oleifera plants prefer sandy, well-drained loam soils due to their susceptibility to waterlogged soil conditions. It is recommended to use fertilizers to improve plant growth and the amount of forage production in areas with low rainfall and extreme temperatures. For forage production, an area of 20 × 20 cm is adapted to 16,000 plants per hectare. Chemical analyses confirmed the presence of different groups of pharmacologically active chemical compounds, as well as functional compounds of nutritional value such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats and vitamins, in M. oleifera. The reviewed literature particularly encourages the use of M. oleifera whole plants as nonconventional forage in ruminants' nutrition, as well as using M. oleifera leaves or leaves extract as a protein source for broilers and laying hens. M. oleifera in livestock feed with the ultimate goal of producing functional food (meat, eggs and milk) with appropriate contents of human health-promoting substances such as omega-3 and organic selenium remains to be elucidated. Furthermore, M. oleifera inclusion in livestock feed has the potential to increase the shelf-life of animal products during storage and processing. Further research is needed to determine the appropriate supplementation level of different plant parts or their extracts, as well as the appropriate processing methods or treatments of M. oleifera, in order to improve its palatability and consequently enhance the production performance of livestock without compromising animal health.
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Thamaga MW, Mokoboki HK, Sebola NA, Ravhuhali KE. Apparent digestibility and nutritional composition of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) leaf meal incorporated in the diets of Black Australorp and Potchefstroom Koekoek chicken breeds. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:458. [PMID: 34542706 PMCID: PMC8452586 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02922-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to determine the apparent digestibility and nutrient composition of Leucaena leucocephala leaf meal (LLM) inclusion in Black Australorp and Potchefstroom Koekoek diets. Tender and mature leaves were separately harvested from 10 individual trees and stored separately for chemical analyses. The leaves were air-dried in a well-ventilated laboratory to constant weight and milled to pass through a 1-mm sieve. A mixture of tender and mature leaves was also collected to produce a bulk leaf meal. The four iso-nitrogenous dietary treatments were 0 (control), 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5% of LLM, respectively. The apparent digestibility of two chicken breeds was also evaluated. The dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), ether extract (EE), cellulose and hemicellulose of the samples did not differ between tender and mature leaves. Tender leaves had higher (P < 0.05) calcium, potassium, magnesium and sodium concentration than mature leaves. Crude protein and mimosine content were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in tender than in mature leaves. The inclusion levels of L. leucocephala leaf meal affect (P < 0.05) acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and crude protein (CP) digestibility. Crude protein digestibility decreases as the inclusion levels of L. leucocephala increase. Both tender and mature L. leucocephala leaves have a potential nutritional value that can be used in feedstuff and can be used as a protein supplement for Black Australorp and Potchefstroom Koekoek chicken breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marupine Windy Thamaga
- Department of Agriculture, Rural Development, Land and Environmental Affairs, Private Bag x3001, Mbibane, Dr JS Moroka Municipality, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. .,Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa.
| | - Hilda Kwena Mokoboki
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa.,Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Nthabiseng Amenda Sebola
- School of Agriculture and Life Science, Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Roodepoort, 1710, South Africa
| | - Khuliso Emmanuel Ravhuhali
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa.,Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
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Zhang S, Liu H, Cai T, Zhou Y, Li J, Wang X, Zhao S, Bo C, Gong B. Synthesis of monodisperse magnetic restricted microspheres for recognition of thiamphenicol in milk. RSC Adv 2021; 11:6869-6876. [PMID: 35423174 PMCID: PMC8695050 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10268g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Taking thiamphenicol as the research object, a new type of magnetic restricted access molecularly imprinted polymer (RAM-MMIP) with specific recognition was prepared by a one-step swelling method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- North Minzu University
- Yinchuan 750021
- China
| | - Huachun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- North Minzu University
- Yinchuan 750021
- China
| | - Tianpei Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- North Minzu University
- Yinchuan 750021
- China
| | - Yanqiang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- North Minzu University
- Yinchuan 750021
- China
| | - Jianmin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- North Minzu University
- Yinchuan 750021
- China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- North Minzu University
- Yinchuan 750021
- China
| | - Shanwen Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- North Minzu University
- Yinchuan 750021
- China
| | - Chunmiao Bo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- North Minzu University
- Yinchuan 750021
- China
| | - Bolin Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- North Minzu University
- Yinchuan 750021
- China
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Khattab AAA, El Basuini MFM, El-Ratel IT, Fouda SF. Dietary probiotics as a strategy for improving growth performance, intestinal efficacy, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of white Pekin ducks fed with different levels of CP. Poult Sci 2020; 100:100898. [PMID: 33518354 PMCID: PMC7936136 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential impacts of probiotics on the performance and health status of white Pekin ducks fed with optimal or suboptimal dietary CP were evaluated during the growing period. A total of 180 male white Pekin ducks (14-day-old ducks with an initial weight of 415.65 ± 2.20 g) were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups (45 in each group of 5 replicates) in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The main factors included 2 dietary CP levels (18 or 14%) and dietary probiotic addition (with or without probiotics). The probiotic source was supplemented at 0.2 g per kilogram of diet from a blend of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei. The results showed that the diet containing 18% CP and probiotics significantly increases the final and total weight gain. Activities of intestinal enzymes (amylase, lipase, and protease), morphometrics (villus length, goblet cell count, and cryptal depth), and carcass percentage were also increased significantly. Total protein content, lysozyme activity, bactericidal activity, nitro blue tetrazolium levels, alternative complement pathway, superoxide dismutase activity, and catalase activity were significantly increased, whereas glucose, cortisol, and total cholesterol levels were decreased when treated with diet containing 18% CP and probiotics. Conversely, the group treated with diet containing 14% CP without probiotics showed the poorest performance, carcass properties, immune response, and antioxidant potential. In conclusion, probiotic addition to the 14% CP diet improved the performance of white Pekin ducks caused by reduced CP diet to performance due to the 18% CP diet without probiotic supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A A Khattab
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohammed F M El Basuini
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt; Faculty of Desert Agriculture, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim T El-Ratel
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, 34517 Damietta, Egypt
| | - Sara F Fouda
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
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Wang G, Wang B, Zhao X, Xie X, Xie K, Wang X, Zhang G, Zhang T, Liu X, Dai G. Determination of thiamphenicol, florfenicol and florfenicol amine residues in poultry meat and pork via ASE-UPLC-FLD. J Food Compost Anal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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