1
|
Wang X, Li D, Xu Y, Ding X, Liang S, Xie L, Wang Y, Zhan X. Xylanase Supplement Enhances the Growth Performance of Broiler by Modulating Serum Metabolism, Intestinal Health, Short-Chain Fatty Acid Composition, and Microbiota. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1182. [PMID: 38672330 PMCID: PMC11047501 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of xylanase supplementation in a wheat-based diet on growth performance, short-chain fatty acids, intestinal health, microbial composition, and serum metabolism. A total of 1200 male chicks were randomly assigned to four wheat-based diet treatments: Group C (adding 0 mg/kg of xylanase), Group L (adding 50 mg/kg of xylanase), Group M (adding 100 mg/kg of xylanase), and Group H (adding 150 mg/kg of xylanase). The experiment lasted for 56 days. The results indicated that Group H broilers experienced a decreased feed-to-gain ratio throughout the study period. Additionally, dietary supplementation with xylanase led to an increase in the physical barrier, as indicated by increased VH and VH/CD in the gut (p < 0.05). Furthermore, levels of D-lactic acid and endotoxin were reduced. Xylanase supplementation also increased the abundance of Muc-2, ZO-1, and Occludin (p < 0.05). Moreover, xylanase supplementation enhanced the activity of sucrase and maltase in the duodenum (p < 0.05), which may be attributable to the upregulation of the abundance of SI and MGA (p < 0.05). Furthermore, xylanase addition promoted propionic acid produced by specific bacteria, such as Phascolarctobacterium, and influenced the microbial composition to some extent, promoting intestinal health. Additionally, 150 mg/kg of xylanase supplementation increased the amino acid, peptide, and carbohydrate content and upregulated the metabolism of amino acids related to histidine, cysteine, methionine, and other pathways (p < 0.05). These findings suggest adequate xylanase supplementation can enhance nutritional digestibility and absorption, improve growth performance, stimulate endogenous enzyme activity, optimize intestinal morphology and barrier function, and positively influence acid-producing bacteria and amino acid metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Danlei Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.L.); (Y.X.); (X.D.); (S.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Yibin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.L.); (Y.X.); (X.D.); (S.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Xiaoqing Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.L.); (Y.X.); (X.D.); (S.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Shuang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.L.); (Y.X.); (X.D.); (S.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Lingyu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.L.); (Y.X.); (X.D.); (S.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Yongxia Wang
- Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Xiuan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.L.); (Y.X.); (X.D.); (S.L.); (L.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huyan L, Kumar A, Manafi M, Soumeh EA. Effects of protease supplementation on growth performance, organ development, gut morphology, and microbial profile of broiler chicken. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09064702.2022.2113121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingjun Huyan
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
| | - Arun Kumar
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
| | - Milad Manafi
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
| | - Elham A. Soumeh
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Impact of Feeding Fermented Palm Kernel Cake and High Dietary Fat on Nutrient Digestibility, Enzyme Activity, Intestinal Morphology and Intestinal Nutrient Transporters mRNA Expression in Broiler Chickens under Hot and Humid Conditions. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12070882. [PMID: 35405871 PMCID: PMC8997065 DOI: 10.3390/ani12070882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed at determining the ileal nutrient digestibility, digestive enzyme activity, intestinal morphology, and nutrient transporters mRNA expressions in broiler chickens fed with fermented PKC (LPKC) based diets with different levels of fat supplementation under hot and humid conditions. From day 22 to 35, broiler chickens were randomly fed with either (1) 20% LPKC-based diet with 5% palm oil, (2) 20% LPKC based diet with 9.5% palm oil, (3) 20% PKC-based diet with 5% palm oil or (4) 20% PKC-based diet with 9.5% palm oil. Feeding LPKC and PKC diets at the finisher phase have not affected the nutrient’s digestibility, but a higher level of oil supplementation does. This was seconded by changes in the digestive enzyme activity, villus height, and mRNA expression of nutrient transporters in the higher level of oil-supplemented diets fed chickens. In conclusion, the inclusion of oil at 9.5% in a 20% LPKC/PKC-based diet is necessary to ensure better nutrient digestibility in chickens via improved digestive function, especially in hot and humid tropical regions.
Collapse
|
4
|
Sousa D, Salgado JM, Cambra-López M, Dias AC, Belo I. Degradation of lignocellulosic matrix of oilseed cakes by solid-state fermentation: fungi screening for enzymes production and antioxidants release. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:1550-1560. [PMID: 34402072 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vegetable oils are yearly produced in large amounts generating solid by-products, the oilseed cake (OC). OCs are lignocellulosic materials that have been used for animal feed with some limitations due to high fibre content from the plant cell walls. Biotechnological processes can help to overcome these limitations and contribute to up-grading such by-products, enhancing their nutritional value as feed ingredients. RESULTS All fungal species were able to decrease neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre in all by-products. Additionally, relevant enzymes were produced by the three fungi studied resulting in an improved antioxidant capacity of all fermented OCs. Aspergillus niger led to the highest activity of cellulase (109 U g-1 ), xylanase (692 U g-1 ) and protease (157 U g-1 ) per dry OC matter and to the recovery of an extract rich in antioxidants, with the highest scavenging potential of free radicals and superoxide anion, iron chelation ability and reducing power. Rhyzopus oryzae produced the highest activity of β-glucosidase (503 U g-1 ) and led to the highest liberation of total phenolic content (TPC). Principal components analysis showed that extracts with high antioxidant potential were obtained in solid-state fermentation (SSF) with high enzymatic activity. A positive correlation was established between the action of β-glucosidase and TPC. CONCLUSION Within the same bioprocess it was possible to improve the nutritional value of OCs and to obtain relevant bioactive compounds such as lignocellulosic enzymes and phenolic compounds with antioxidant potential, resulting in a significant improvement of already valuable by-products with commercial interest for animal feed. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sousa
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - José M Salgado
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria Cambra-López
- Institute of Animal Science Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cp Dias
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Isabel Belo
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Asare E, Yang Z, Yang H, Wang Z. Evaluation of dietary Pancreatin as an exogenous enzyme on growth performance, gene expression, immunological responses, serum immunoglobins, and intestinal morphology in cockerels. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2021.2019044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Asare
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agric-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Haiming Yang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyue Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wickramasuriya SS, Macelline SP, Cho HM, Hong JS, Patterson R, Heo JM. Multi-carbohydrase application into energy and amino acid deficient broiler diets: A strategy to enhance performance of broiler chickens. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 63:1328-1343. [PMID: 34957447 PMCID: PMC8672263 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2021.e104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effect of Multi-Carbohydrase (MC) supplementation on growth performance,
visceral organ weights, blood metabolites, jejunum morphology, nutrient
digestibility, and carcass parameters of broiler chickens fed nutrient-deficient
corn soybean-meal based diets containing high levels of non-starch
polysaccharides from wheat and wheat by-products was investigated. A total of
378 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly assigned to one of seven
dietary treatments to give six replicates per treatment (nine birds per pen).
Dietary treatments were as follows: (1) positive control (PC; commercial
standard diet); (2) negative control 1 (NC-1; PC-120 kcal/kg metabolizable
energy); (3) NC-2 (PC-3% standardized ileal digestibility [SID] amino acids).
The remaining four dietary treatments were formulated with the addition of MC
(MC; Superzyme-CS™) into two negative controls along with two
supplementation levels of MC (i.e., 0.025% and 0.05%, respectively). Improved
body weight, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio (p
< 0.05) were observed in broiler chickens fed a reduced energy diet
supplemented with MC compared to birds fed NC-1 diet from days 1-35.
Additionally, birds fed a reduced energy diet with 0.05% MC showed comparable
(p > 0.05) growth performance with birds fed PC for
35-day post-hatch. Furthermore, the addition of MC into reduced amino acid diets
improved (p < 0.05) growth performance. Broiler chickens
fed MC supplemented nutrient-deficient diets showed a greater
(p < 0.05) villus height to crypt depth ratio than
birds fed diets without MC on days 21 and 35. Similarly, improved
(p < 0.05) nutrient digestibility was observed in
birds fed reduced energy diets supplemented with MC compared to birds fed NC-1
on days 21 and 35. Our results suggest that MC supplementation into reduced
energy or reduced amino acid diets containing wheat and wheat by-products has
the potential to improve growth performance and nutrient digestibility while
maintaining healthier gut morphology in broiler chickens from 1 to 35 days of
age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shemil Priyan Macelline
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Hyun Min Cho
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jun Seon Hong
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu Y, Zeng D, Qu L, Wang Z, Ning Z. Multi-Enzyme Supplementation Modifies the Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in Breeding Hens. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:711905. [PMID: 34925250 PMCID: PMC8678520 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.711905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Laying and reproductive performance, egg quality, and disease resistance of hens decrease during the late laying period. Exogenous enzymes promote nutrient digestibility and utilization and improve the intestinal environment. However, the specific regulation of the gut microbiome and metabolome by exogenous enzymes remains unelucidated. This study was conducted to evaluate effects of dietary multi-enzyme supplementation on egg and reproductive performance, egg quality, ileum microbiome, and metabolome of breeders. Here, 224 Hy-Line Brown breeding hens (55 weeks old) were randomly allocated to two groups: dietary controls fed basal diet (DC), and test hens fed 0.2 g/kg corn enzyme diet (CE). Serum levels of total protein, globulin, immunoglobulin Y, and antibodies against the Newcastle disease virus and avian influenza H9 strain were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Egg albumen height, Haugh unit, and fertilization and hatching rates were also significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the CE-fed group. 16S rRNA sequence analysis showed that CE strongly affected both α- and β-diversity of the ileal microbiota. LEfSe analysis revealed that the potentially beneficial genera Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Faecalicoccus, and Streptococcus were enriched as biomarkers in the CE-fed group. Microbial functional analysis revealed that the functional genes associated with harmful-substance biodegradation was significantly increased in the CE-fed group. Additionally, Spearman correlation analysis indicated that changes in microbial genera were correlated with differential metabolites. In summary, dietary multi-enzyme addition can improve egg quality, humoral immunity, and reproductive performance and regulate the intestinal microbiome and metabolome in breeders. Therefore, multi-enzymes could be used as feed additive to extend breeder service life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zeng
- Huayu Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Handan, China
| | - Lujiang Qu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghua Ning
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang T, Cheng K, Yu CY, Li QM, Tong YC, Wang C, Yang ZB, Wang T. Effects of a yeast-derived product on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and immune function of broilers. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101343. [PMID: 34325110 PMCID: PMC8334739 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast culture plus enzymatically hydrolyzed yeast cell wall (YC-EHY) contains crude protein, mannan-oligosaccharide, β-glucan and yeast culture. This study was carried out to explore the effects of dietary YC-EHY at different levels on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and immune function of broiler chickens. A total of 320 one-day-age male broiler chicks were allocated into 4 groups and were fed with a basal diet supplemented with 0 mg/kg (the control group), 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg YC-EHY for 42 d. Dietary YC-EHY improved average daily gain and feed efficiency during the starter, grower, and overall periods as well as average body weight of broiler chickens on 42 d (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05). Broiler chickens fed with YC-EHY quadratically increased jejunal sucrase activity on 21 d (quadratic, P < 0.05), and linearly and quadratically enhanced maltase activity on 21 and 42 d (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05). Supplementing YC-EHY linearly and quadratically enhanced jejunal superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity on 21 and 42 d and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity on 42 d whereas decreased malonaldehyde (MDA) concentration on 42 d (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05). Consistently, the jejunal genes expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and SOD1 on 21 and 42 d, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and GPX1 on 42 d were enhanced by YC-EHY supplementation (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05). The concentrations of jejunal immunoglobulin G (IgG) on 21 and 42 d and secreted immunoglobulin A (SIgA) on 42 d were linearly and quadratically elevated by supplementing YC-EHY (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05). Dietary YC-EHY quadratically increased jejunal IgG and IgM genes expression on 21 d (quadratic, P < 0.05), and linearly and quadratically enhanced the genes expression of IgG and IgM on 42 d (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05). Overall, this study indicated that supplementing YC-EHY could exert beneficial effects on growth performance, intestinal antioxidant capacity and immune function in broiler chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Kang Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Cai Yun Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Qi Ming Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Yi Chun Tong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Zai Bin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Applied Research Note: Exogenous lipase supplementation to low-energy, low-protein, and low–amino acid diets for broiler chickens from one to 42 d. J APPL POULTRY RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2020.100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
10
|
Aderibigbe A, Cowieson AJ, Sorbara JO, Adeola O. Growth phase and dietary α-amylase supplementation effects on nutrient digestibility and feedback enzyme secretion in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 99:6867-6876. [PMID: 33248602 PMCID: PMC7704957 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal health, and endogenous enzyme secretion responses to dietary α-amylase supplementation during 4 growth phases of broiler chickens fed corn–soybean meal–based diets were evaluated in the present study. A total of 1,136 male broiler chicks were assigned at day 0 after hatching to 8 treatments in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. There were 2 dietary levels of α-amylase supplementation of 0 or 80 kilo-Novo alpha amylase units per kg diet and 4 posthatching growth phases of day 0 to 11, day 11 to 21, day 21 to 42, or day 42 to 56 in a randomized complete block design. Each treatment comprised 8 replicate pens, with either 25 (day 0–11), 20 (day 11–21), 16 (day 21–42), or 10 (day 42–56) birds per pen. Body weight gain and feed efficiency of birds improved (P < 0.01) with α-amylase supplementation. There were main effects of α-amylase, growth phase, and interaction (P < 0.01) on apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of starch. This ranged from 0.8% during day 11 to 21 to 2.8% during day 0 to 11 after hatching. The total tract retention of starch increased (P < 0.05) with amylase supplementation but was not different across growth phases. Amylase supplementation increased (P < 0.05) AID of gross energy, AME (kcal/kg), and AMEn (kcal/kg). Villus height in the jejunal tissue was increased (P < 0.01) by α-amylase supplementation. During day 11 to 21 after hatching, the viscosity of jejunal digesta and pancreatic amylase activity increased (P < 0.01) with amylase supplementation. In conclusion, dietary amylase supplementation improved growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, and digestive enzyme activity of broiler chickens fed a corn–soybean diet. The study indicates that the growth phase of birds may affect response to exogenous amylase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Aderibigbe
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN 47907
| | - A J Cowieson
- DSM Nutritional Products, 4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - J O Sorbara
- DSM Nutritional Products, 4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - O Adeola
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN 47907.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vaz D, Dalólio F, Moreira J, Pinheiro S, Lara L, Valadares L, Cruz P. Características do trato digestivo, metabolizabilidade e retenção de nutrientes em frangos de corte alimentados com complexo enzimático. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-10914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D.P. Vaz
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - L.J.C. Lara
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hussein EOS, Suliman GM, Alowaimer AN, Ahmed SH, Abd El-Hack ME, Taha AE, Swelum AA. Growth, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of broilers fed a low-energy diet supplemented with a multienzyme preparation. Poult Sci 2020; 99:1988-1994. [PMID: 32241481 PMCID: PMC7587662 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of a low-ME diet with a multienzyme (Kemzyme Plus, Kemin, Des Moines, IA) blend on performance, meat quality, and carcass traits was evaluated in Hubbard broiler chicks. A total of 120 Hubbard broiler chicks were allocated to the following 4 experimental groups and every group was separated into 6 replicates, with 5 birds per replicate: control (3,180 kcal/kg of ME), control + 0.50 g/kg diet of enzyme (Cont-Enz), low-ME diet (3,080 kcal/kg), and low-ME + 0.50 g/kg diet of enzyme (low-ME-Enz). The trail lasted for 16 D (32 to 48 D of age). No significant differences in growth parameters or carcass traits were observed among treatments. However, liver weight increased with the low-ME-Enz diet (P = 0.038). The low-ME diet recorded the highest weight for the bursa (P = 0.043) and thymus (P = 0.019). Dietary treatments had significant impacts on the length of duodenum, ileum, and cecum, as well as the weight of duodenum. The length of duodenum, ileum, and cecum increased with enzyme supplementation. The myofibril fragmentation index was lower with the Cont-Enz, low-ME, and low-ME-Enz diets than with the control diet (P = 0.043). The shear force increased with the low-ME-Enz diet (P = 0.022) than the control diet. Dietary treatments influenced breast meat yellowness (P = 0.019), whereas the low-ME diet had the lowest yellowness at the slaughtering age. The dietary treatments affected the breast meat pH (P = 0.001), with the control diet having the highest pH value after 24 hours. Thus, there was no effect of low-ME or enzyme supplementation to the control or low-ME diet on growth performance or carcass yield. However, feeding a low-ME diet or Cont-Enz preparation influenced organ and small intestine weights and meat characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E O S Hussein
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - G M Suliman
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Meat Production, Faculty of Animal Production, University of Khartoum, Sudan
| | - A N Alowaimer
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S H Ahmed
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Sudan
| | - M E Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - A E Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt
| | - A A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ma J, Yang T, Yang M, Yan Z, Zhao L, Yao L, Chen J, Chen Q, Tan B, Li T, Yin J, Yin Y. Effects of dietary amylose/amylopectin ratio and amylase on growth performance, energy and starch digestibility, and digestive enzymes in broilers. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:928-935. [PMID: 32141136 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary amylose/amylopectin (AM/AP) ratio and amylase on growth performance, apparent digestibility of energy and starch, serum biochemical index, and digestive enzymes. The experiment used a 4 × 3 factor design, and 960 one-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were randomly divided into 12 groups fed diets containing different AM/AP ratio of 0.11, 0.23, 0.35 and 0.47 and combined with 0, 3,000 and 6,000 U/kg amylase. Results showed that 0.23-0.35 AM/AP ratio increased growth performance, while dietary addition of 6,000 U/kg amylase significantly reduced average daily weight gain in broilers. The energy digestibility was significantly reduced along with the increase of dietary AM/AP ratio and in the 6,000 U/Kg amylase-supplemented groups. The digestibility of starch also decreased significantly with the increase of dietary AM/AP ratio, but high dose (6,000 U/Kg) of amylase increased. High AM/AP diet reduced serum insulin concentration, which was increased in amylase-supplemented groups. Furthermore, exogenous amylase increased amylase activity in the jejunal chyme. In conclusion, dietary 0.23-0.35 AM/AP ratio was suggested to maintain a higher growth performance in broilers and high AM/AP ratio diets reduced energy and starch digestibility and serum insulin concentration, which was reversed by dietary amylase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Tai Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Mei Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoming Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Linglong Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Jiashun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Qinghua Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Bie Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
de Lima MR, Perazzo Costa FG, Vieira DV, Cardoso AS, Lima GS, Cavalcante DT, Pinheiro SG, Ceccantini ML, Yavuz BB, Bezerra RM, Kaneko IN. Xylanase, Glucanase, and Phytase in the Diet of Light Laying Hens. J APPL POULTRY RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfz081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
|
15
|
Chang'a EP, Abdallh ME, Ahiwe EU, Mbaga S, Zhu ZY, Fru-Nji F, Iji PA. Replacement value of cassava for maize in broiler chicken diets supplemented with enzymes. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019; 33:1126-1137. [PMID: 31480161 PMCID: PMC7322659 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective Pellet durability, particle size distribution, growth response, tibia bone characteristics and energy retention were measured to evaluate cassava as an alternative energy source to replace maize in broiler diets with or without Ronozyme (A+VP) enzyme composites. Methods A total of 480 one-day broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 8 treatments in a 4×2 factorial arrangement. Four levels of cassava: (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%) and 2 levels of enzymes (0 and 500 g/tonne) were used. Each treatment was replicated six times, with ten birds per replicate. Results The particle size distribution in the diets showed an increasing trend of small particles with increase in cassava level. Pellet durability decreased (p<0.05) with cassava inclusion. Feed intake was highest in birds fed diets with medium cassava level at 1 to 24 d and 1 to 35 d of age. The body weight gain of birds reduced (p<0.037) as cassava level increased, but it increased (p<0.017 when enzymes were added. The feed conversion ratio was high (p<0.05) when cassava level was increased, but it reduced (p<0.05) when enzymes were added. The dressing percentage (DP), and weight of drumsticks reduced (p<0.05) with increasing cassava level. Enzyme supplementation increased (p<0.05) DP, and weight of breast, thighs and drumsticks. Ash content, weight, length, width, and bone strength decreased (p<0.05) when cassava level was increased, however, they were increased with enzyme addition. The contents of Ca, K, and Zn were raised (p<0.001) with increasing cassava level. Enzyme inclusion increased (p<0.001) all mineral contents in tibia bones. Body fat and energy retained as fat decreased (p<0.001) as cassava level increased. Enzyme inclusion increased (p<0.05) body protein content and energy retained as protein. Conclusion Although broiler performance was depressed by high levels of cassava inclusion, it was not affected by low levels, which further improved by enzyme supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Peter Chang'a
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.,Tanzania Livestock Research Institute, P.O. Box 6191, TALIRI-Uyole, Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Medani Eldow Abdallh
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.,Department of Poultry Production, University of Khartoum, 13314, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Emmanuel Uchenna Ahiwe
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.,Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, 1526, Nigeria
| | - Said Mbaga
- Department of Animal, Aquaculture and Range Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Ze Yuan Zhu
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, 117440, Singapore
| | - Fidelis Fru-Nji
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, 117440, Singapore
| | - Paul Ade Iji
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.,College of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forestry, Fiji National University, P.O. Box 1544, Fiji Islands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wickramasuriya S, Kim E, Shin TK, Cho HM, Kim B, Patterson R, Yi YJ, Park S, Balasubramanian B, Heo JM. Multi-Carbohydrase Addition Into a Corn-Soybean Meal Diet Containing Wheat and Wheat By Products to Improve Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Broiler Chickens. J APPL POULTRY RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfz002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
17
|
Zaefarian F, Abdollahi MR, Cowieson A, Ravindran V. Avian Liver: The Forgotten Organ. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9020063. [PMID: 30781411 PMCID: PMC6406855 DOI: 10.3390/ani9020063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The liver is a multi-purpose organ, with involvement in bile secretion, and lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism, as well as a number of other metabolic functions. This organ can adapt easily to changes in feed and the environment. Being at the centre of a number of digestive, metabolic and productive activities, it is essential to have a better understanding of this organ and the factors affecting liver functionality. Abstract Despite having huge responsibilities in avian species, published reports on the influence of dietary factors and other possible constraints on the size, development and function of liver are limited. Consideration of the factors that could influence and alter liver function is therefore of critical relevance. In the current review, aspects of liver structure and function, and the influence of feed restriction, anti-nutritional factors, structural components and feed additives on liver are discussed. Effects of feed technology techniques such as thermal treatment and pelleting, feed particle size and whole grain feeding on the liver are also reviewed. A discussion of lipogenesis and lipid storage in poultry is presented to provide a better understanding and to differentiate the normal pathways of lipid metabolism from abnormal (i.e., disordered) pathways. The liver is the main site of fat synthesis in poultry, but under certain conditions, excessive fat can accumulate in the liver and cause problems. Factors contributing to the fatty liver syndrome are also examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faegheh Zaefarian
- Monogastric Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Mohammad Reza Abdollahi
- Monogastric Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Aaron Cowieson
- DSM Nutritional Products, Wurmisweg 576, CH-4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland.
| | - Velmurugu Ravindran
- Monogastric Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Xiong J, Qiu H, Bi Y, Zhou HL, Guo S, Ding B. Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Tributyrin and Coated Sodium Butyrate on Intestinal Morphology, Disaccharidase Activity and Intramuscular Fat of Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Broilers. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Xiong
- Wuhan Polytechnic University, China; Wuhan Polytechnic University, China
| | - H Qiu
- Wuhan Polytechnic University, China; Wuhan Polytechnic University, China
| | - Y Bi
- Wuhan Polytechnic University, China; Wuhan Polytechnic University, China
| | - HL Zhou
- Xiangyang Vocational and Technical College, China
| | - S Guo
- Wuhan Polytechnic University, China; Wuhan Polytechnic University, China
| | - B Ding
- Wuhan Polytechnic University, China; Wuhan Polytechnic University, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Salim HMD, Huque KS, Kamaruddin KM, Haque Beg A. Global restriction of using antibiotic growth promoters and alternative strategies in poultry production. Sci Prog 2018; 101:52-75. [PMID: 29467062 PMCID: PMC10365203 DOI: 10.3184/003685018x15173975498947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A growing global concern of antibiotic use in poultry diets due to its potential adverse effects on birds and human health, food safety and the environment has led to a complete ban or restricted use in some countries, and, at the same time, expanding options for the use of alternative feed additives. Multiple, rather than a single additive may replace antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in poultry. Blending of feeding additives and hygienic farm management, vaccination and biosecurity may help achieve good intestinal health, stabilise enteric ecosystems and result in sustainable and cost effective production performance of birds. Moreover, controlling unsolicited ingredients at the production level must have the support of different markets responsible for the supply of safe and quality poultry products for consumers. This requires the further increase and diversification of value added poultry products and the expansion of their markets through strategic planning and gradual limitation of live bird markets. More research is warranted in order to explore suitable, reliable and cost effective alternatives to AGPs for commercial use, and strategic poultry value chain development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Khan Shahidul Huque
- Animal nutrition and feeding, and environment and improved livestock manure (ILM)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rehman ZU, Kamran J, El-Hack MEA, Alagawany M, Bhatti SA, Ahmad G, Saleem A, Ullah Z, Yameen RMK, Ding C. Influence of low-protein and low-amino acid diets with different sources of protease on performance, carcasses and nitrogen retention of broiler chickens. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/an16687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A 42-day experiment was conducted with 625 1-day-old male Hubbard chickens to evaluate the performance, carcass traits, nitrogen retention and economics of broiler chickens fed low protein and amino acid diets supplemented with different protease sources. Treatments included positive (PC) and negative (NC) controls (PC at 19.3% protein vs NC at 18.8% protein), with NC containing 7% less digestible amino acids. The other three treatment groups were based on the NC diet supplemented with 0.05% Cibenza® DP100 (CB), 0.02% Ronozyme® (RZ) or 0.02% Winzyme pro plus (WZ). Birds fed the PC, CB and WZ diets achieved the heaviest bodyweight compared with those fed the NC diet at end of the experiment. Total feed intake of birds fed the PC diet was higher (P < 0.05) than that of birds fed the NC diet. Feed conversion ratio was numerically significantly (P = 0.005) improved with all tested groups in comparison with NC throughout the experiment. European production index was similar (P > 0.05) among birds fed the PC, NC, RZ or WZ diets. All carcass parameters studied, including dressing, heart, gizzard, giblets, chest meat, thigh meat and abdominal fat percentages, were not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by feeding on the different sources of protease. Broilers fed the PC diet or diets formulated with all protease sources had higher (P < 0.05) nitrogen retention than did birds fed the NC diet. The supplementation of protease to low-protein and low-amino acid diets resulted in higher profit margin in broilers. It is concluded that supplementing exogenous protease to broiler diets containing low protein and amino acids improved the growth performance, feed utilisation, carcass traits, nitrogen retention and net returns of broiler chickens.
Collapse
|
21
|
Hu YD, Lan D, Zhu Y, Pang HZ, Mu XP, Hu XF. Effect of diets with different energy and lipase levels on performance, digestibility and carcass trait in broilers. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017; 31:1275-1284. [PMID: 29268569 PMCID: PMC6043444 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective A 28-d trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of diets with different energy and lipase levels on performance, nutrient digestibility, serum profiles, gut health, and carcass quality in broilers. Methods A total of 720 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers (45.4±0.5 g) were randomly assigned to one of the following four treatments: i) RET, reduced energy treatment (metabolizable energy = 2,950 and 3,100 kcal/kg for starter and finisher diet), ii) BDT, basal diet treatment (metabolizable energy = 3,050 and 3,200 kcal/kg for starter and finisher diet, iii) RET015, RET+0.15 g/kg lipase, and iv) RET03, RET+0.3 g/kg lipase. There were 10 replications (cages) per treatment with 18 birds per cage. Results During d 1 to 14, broilers fed BDT, RET015, and RET03 diets had higher (p<0.05) body weight gain than those fed RET diet. During d 1 to 14, 15 to 28 and the overall experiment, feed conversion ratio in RET03 treatment was lower (p<0.05) compared with RET treatment. On d 14, the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM), ether extract (EE), and gross energy in RET03 treatment was higher (p<0.05) than those in RET treatment, while the ATTD of N was increased (p<0.05) by RET03 treatment. On d 28, broilers fed RET03 diet had higher (p<0.05) ATTD of DM than those fed RET and RET015 diets, while the ATTD of EE in BDT and RET03 treatments was increased (p<0.05) compared with RET and RET015 treatments. Broilers fed RET03 diet had higher villus height (VH) and VH:crypt depth (CD) ratio than those fed RET and BDT diets. The activity of pancreatic lipase in BDT and RET03 treatments was higher (p<0.05) than that in RET treatment. Conclusion Taken together, lipase supplementation (3,000 U/kg feed) increased growth performance, nutrient digestibility, VH, VH:CD ratio and lipase activity, but decreased triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the abdominal fat percentage in broilers fed reduced energy diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y D Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - D Lan
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - H Z Pang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - X P Mu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - X F Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nabizadeh A, Golian A, Hassanabadi A, Zerehdaran S. Effects of Nutrient Density and exogenous enzymesin Starter Diet on Performance, Intestinal Microflora, Gut Morphology and Immune Response of Broiler Chickens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A Golian
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gonzalez-Ortiz G, Sola-Oriol D, Martinez-Mora M, Perez J, Bedford M. Response of broiler chickens fed wheat-based diets to xylanase supplementation. Poult Sci 2017; 96:2776-2785. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
|
24
|
|
25
|
Li J, Hou Y, Yi D, Zhang J, Wang L, Qiu H, Ding B, Gong J. Effects of Tributyrin on Intestinal Energy Status, Antioxidative Capacity and Immune Response to Lipopolysaccharide Challenge in Broilers. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2015; 28:1784-93. [PMID: 26580447 PMCID: PMC4647088 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of tributyrin (TB) on the growth performance, pro-inflammatory cytokines, intestinal morphology, energy status, disaccharidase activity, and antioxidative capacity of broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A total of 160 one-day-old Cobb broilers were allocated to 1 of 4 treatments, with 4 replicated pens per treatment and 10 birds per pen. The experiment consisted of a 2×2 factorial arrangements of treatments with TB supplementation (0 or 500 mg/kg) and LPS challenge (0 or 500 μg/kg body weight [BW]). On days 22, 24, and 26 of the trial, broilers received an intraperitoneal administration of 500 μg/kg BW LPS or saline. Dietary TB showed no effect on growth performance. However, LPS challenge decreased the average daily gain of broilers from day 22 to day 26 of the trial. Dietary TB supplementation inhibited the increase of interleukin-1β (in the jejunum and ileum), interleukin-6 (in the duodenum and jejunum), and prostaglandin E2 (in the duodenum) of LPS-challenged broilers. Similar inhibitory effects of TB in the activities of total nitric oxide synthase (in the ileum) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (in the jejunum) were also observed in birds challenged with LPS. Additionally, TB supplementation mitigated the decrease of ileal adenosine triphosphate, adenosine diphosphate and total adenine nucleotide and the reduction of jejunal catalase activity induced by LPS. Taken together, these results suggest that the TB supplementation was able to reduce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and improve the energy status and anti-oxidative capacity in the small intestine of LPS-challenged broilers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaolong Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yongqing Hou
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Dan Yi
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Hongyi Qiu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Binying Ding
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China ; Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Joshua Gong
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|