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Oketch EO, Kim YB, Yu M, Cho HM, Hong JS, Nawarathne SR, Wickramasuriya SS, Heo JM. Research Note: Evaluation of standardized ileal amino acid digestibility in feed ingredients for Pekin ducks. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102899. [PMID: 37473518 PMCID: PMC10371803 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The digestibility of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) in feedstuffs including corn, soybean meal (SBM), and corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) was investigated in White Pekin ducks. The test ingredients were the sole source of AA and CP. A nitrogen-free diet was also formulated for determining endogenous losses of AA and nitrogen. Birds were fed a standard starter diet for the first 15 d posthatch. On d 16, 96 ducklings (860 ± 50 g BW) were selected and allocated into 1 of 4 dietary treatments containing the test ingredients with 6 replicates per treatment in a randomized complete block design. All the crumbled assay diets were offered ad-libitum for 5 d and contained chromic oxide as an indigestible marker at 0.05%. On d 21, ducks were euthanized to collect the ileal digesta for digestibility analysis. Basal endogenous losses were abundant in glutamine, aspartic acid, leucine, proline, and serine, consecutively. For apparent ileal digestibility (AID), lysine and methionine were the highest (P < 0.05) in SBM, followed by corn and DDGS. For threonine, the highest values (P < 0.05) were similarly noted for SBM, followed by DDGS and corn; the values were 80.44, 69.88, and 64.89%, consecutively. Considering standardized ileal digestibility (SID), higher values (P < 0.05) for SBM were similarly noted for all the amino acids including lysine, methionine, and threonine; the values were 89.40, 93.58, and 86.50%, respectively. Conclusively, improved AA and CP digestibility was noted with SBM. Dietary protein source affected the extent of digestibility at the distal ileum; and the utilization of digestible amino acid coefficients during ducks' feed formulation is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah Ogola Oketch
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Bin Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Myunghwan Yu
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Min Cho
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Seon Hong
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Shan Randima Nawarathne
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Hong JS, Yoo J, Cho HM, Wickramasuriya SS, Macelline SP, Heo JM. Determination of the maximum dietary effect of energy levels on growth performance and carcass characteristics of White Pekin duck. J Anim Sci Technol 2022; 64:471-480. [PMID: 35709127 PMCID: PMC9184700 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to determine the maximum dietary energy levels on
growth performance and carcass characteristics of White Pekin duck. the Six
dietary treatments were formulated based on their apparent metabolizable energy
(AME) concentrations from 2,700 to 3,200 kcal/kg with a 100 kcal/kg gap to
evaluate the accurate dietary AME requirement to address current knowledge and
further issues for fulfilling the genetic potential of meat-type white Pekin
ducklings. A total of 432 one-day-old male White Pekin ducklings were randomly
allocated into one of six dietary treatments with six replicates (12 birds per
pen). The diets were formulated as corn-soybean meal-based diets to meet or
exceed the Nutrient Requirement of Poultry specification for meat-type ducks.
Growth performance indices (i.e. average daily gain [ADG], average daily feed
intake, feed conversion ratio) were measured weekly. Medium body weight (BW)
ducklings from each pen were sacrificed to analyze the carcass traits and
abdominal fat content on day 21. Obtained data were analyzed to estimate
significant effect using the one-way ANOVA of IBM SPSS Statistics (Version, 25).
If the p-value of the results were significant, differences in
means among treatments were separated by Tukey’s post hoc test.
Significant differences were then analyzed with a linear and quadratic broken
model to estimate the accurate concentration of AME. Ducklings fed higher
dietary AME diets increased (p < 0.05) BW, ADG.
Ducklings fed higher AME than 2,900 kcal/kg diets increased abdominal fat
accumulation and leg meat portion. The estimated requirement by linear plateau
method showed from 3,000.00 kcal/kg to 3,173.03 kcal/kg whereas the requirement
by quadratic plateau method indicated from 3,100.00 kcal/kg to 3,306.26 kcal/kg.
Collectively, estimated dietary requirements exhibit diverse results based on
the measured traits and analysis methods. All the estimated requirements in this
experiment present higher than previous research, the maximum requirement for
the next diet formulation should be selected by the purpose of the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Seon Hong
- Department of Animal Science and
Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134,
Korea
| | - Jaehong Yoo
- Department of Animal Science and
Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134,
Korea
| | - Hyun Min Cho
- Department of Animal Science and
Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134,
Korea
| | | | - Shemil Priyan Macelline
- Department of Animal Science and
Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134,
Korea
| | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and
Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134,
Korea
- Corresponding author: Jung Min Heo, Department of
Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134,
Korea. Tel: +82-42-821-5777, E-mail:
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Wickramasuriya SS, Macelline SP, Kim E, Shin TK, Cho HM, Jayasena DD, Heo JM. Exogenous emulsifiers and multi-enzyme combination improves growth performance of the young broiler chickens fed low energy diets containing vegetable oil. Anim Biosci 2022; 35:1585-1591. [PMID: 35468275 PMCID: PMC9449380 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study examined the effects of exogenous emulsifiers and multi-enzyme supplementation into a low energy density diet on growth performance, visceral organ parameters, blood metabolites, ileal morphology, and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens from hatch to 21 days. Methods One hundred and sixty-eight one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were allocated in a completely randomized design to 24 pens and each pen was assigned to one of four dietary treatments to give six replications with seven chickens in a cage. Dietary treatments were: i) positive control with standard energy level (PC); ii) negative control with 100 kcal/kg lower energy of the standard level (NC); iii) NC diet supplemented 0.05% calcium stearoyl-2 lactylate as an emulsifier (NC+E); and iv) NC diet supplemented with both 0.05% calcium stearoyl-2 lactylate and 0.05% multi-enzyme (NC+E+M). Corn and soybean meal-based control diets containing vegetable oil were formulated to meet the Ross 308 nutrition specification. Chickens were fed ad-libitum with the treatment diets and sampling was conducted on day 21. Results Our results revealed that emulsifier and multi-enzyme supplementation into NC diets improved (p<0.05) feed efficiency of the broiler chickens compared to the broiler chickens fed NC diets from hatch to 21 days. Supplementation of emulsifier and multi-enzyme into NC diet improved (p<0.05) nutrient digestibility of the broiler chickens. However, emulsifier and multi-enzymesupplementation into diet did not influence (p>0.05) visceral organ weight, blood metabolites, and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens fed NC diets. Conclusion Supplementation of emulsifier and multi-enzyme in the NC diet would support improving growth performance in young broiler chickens with improved feed efficiency and increased nutrient digestibility thereby curtailing the negative impact of energy reduction in the diets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shemil Priyan Macelline
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Eunjoo Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.,School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - Taeg Kyun Shin
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Hyun Min Cho
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Dinesh D Jayasena
- Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka
| | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Yu M, Jeon JO, Cho HM, Hong JS, Kim YB, Nawarathne SR, Wickramasuriya SS, Yi YJ, Lee H, Wan V, Ng NKJ, Tan CH, Heo JM. Broiler responses to dietary 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid and oregano extracts under Eimeria challenge conditions. J Anim Sci Technol 2021; 63:1362-1375. [PMID: 34957450 PMCID: PMC8672266 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2021.e121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a combination 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic
acid (THB) and oregano extracts (i.e., Carvacrol and Thymol) at intake/dietary different levels
on growth performance, intestinal health indicators, immune responses and fecal oocyst shedding
in broiler chickens under Eimeria challenged condition. A total of 336
one-day-old broilers were randomly assigned to one of six dietary treatments with seven
replications per treatment. Dietary treatments were: i) Non-challenged bird without any dietary
treatment (NCNT), ii) Challenged bird without any dietary treatment (CNT), iii) Challenged
birds fed a THB diet (0.1 g/kg, THB), iv) Challenged birds fed a combination of THB and oregano
extracts diet (0.1 g/kg, COM 100), and a gradual increase of combination of THB and oregano
extracts likely v) 0.15 g/kg (COM 150), and 0.2 g/kg (COM 200). On day 14, all groups except
for NCNT have orally challenged with a 10-fold dose of Livacox® T anticoccidial vaccine
to trigger coccidiosis. The results indicated that Eimeria-challenged broilers
fed COM 100 and COM 200 diets increased (p < 0.05) body weight than CNT
diet on day 35. Furthermore, birds fed COM 100 and COM 200 diets increased (p
< 0.05) average daily gain compared to those fed CNT diets for the entire experimental
period. There is no significant (p > 0.05) in average daily feed
intake, feed efficiency between NCNT and birds fed with combined THB and oregano extracts for
the entire experimental period. A combination of THB and oregano extract regardless of
concentration levels or THB alone reduced (p < 0.05) lesion score in
ileum compared to the CNT diet for 7 days post-infection (dpi). Birds fed COM 100 diet had
lower (p < 0.05) intestinal lesion scores in jejunum and caeca on 7 dpi
compared to those were in the CNT diet. No (p > 0.05) difference was
observed in the oocysts per gram of feces count, intestinal morphology, carcass traits and
blood cytokine concentration among the infected treatments. Collectively, we conclude that
birds fed with a combination of THB and oregano extracts regardless of the ratios that were
used demonstrated better recovery of health after the coccidial challenge than using only THB
alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myunghwan Yu
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jong Oh Jeon
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Hyun Min Cho
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jun Seon Hong
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Yu Bin Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Shan Randima Nawarathne
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | - Young-Joo Yi
- Department of Agricultural Education, College of Education, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Hans Lee
- Kemin Industries, 758200, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Wickramasuriya SS, Macelline SP, Cho HM, Hong JS, Patterson R, Heo JM. Multi-carbohydrase application into energy and amino acid deficient broiler diets: A strategy to enhance performance of broiler chickens. J Anim Sci Technol 2021; 63:1328-1343. [PMID: 34957447 PMCID: PMC8672263 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2021.e104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effect of Multi-Carbohydrase (MC) supplementation on growth performance,
visceral organ weights, blood metabolites, jejunum morphology, nutrient
digestibility, and carcass parameters of broiler chickens fed nutrient-deficient
corn soybean-meal based diets containing high levels of non-starch
polysaccharides from wheat and wheat by-products was investigated. A total of
378 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly assigned to one of seven
dietary treatments to give six replicates per treatment (nine birds per pen).
Dietary treatments were as follows: (1) positive control (PC; commercial
standard diet); (2) negative control 1 (NC-1; PC-120 kcal/kg metabolizable
energy); (3) NC-2 (PC-3% standardized ileal digestibility [SID] amino acids).
The remaining four dietary treatments were formulated with the addition of MC
(MC; Superzyme-CS™) into two negative controls along with two
supplementation levels of MC (i.e., 0.025% and 0.05%, respectively). Improved
body weight, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio (p
< 0.05) were observed in broiler chickens fed a reduced energy diet
supplemented with MC compared to birds fed NC-1 diet from days 1-35.
Additionally, birds fed a reduced energy diet with 0.05% MC showed comparable
(p > 0.05) growth performance with birds fed PC for
35-day post-hatch. Furthermore, the addition of MC into reduced amino acid diets
improved (p < 0.05) growth performance. Broiler chickens
fed MC supplemented nutrient-deficient diets showed a greater
(p < 0.05) villus height to crypt depth ratio than
birds fed diets without MC on days 21 and 35. Similarly, improved
(p < 0.05) nutrient digestibility was observed in
birds fed reduced energy diets supplemented with MC compared to birds fed NC-1
on days 21 and 35. Our results suggest that MC supplementation into reduced
energy or reduced amino acid diets containing wheat and wheat by-products has
the potential to improve growth performance and nutrient digestibility while
maintaining healthier gut morphology in broiler chickens from 1 to 35 days of
age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shemil Priyan Macelline
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Hyun Min Cho
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jun Seon Hong
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Cho HM, Macelline SP, Wickramasuriya SS, Shin TK, Kim E, Son HC, Heo JM. Moderate dietary boron supplementation improved growth performance, crude protein digestibility and diarrhea index in weaner pigs regardless to the sanitary condition. Anim Biosci 2021; 35:434-443. [PMID: 34293844 PMCID: PMC8902220 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The study was conducted to investigate the impact of boron supplementation on nutrient digestibility, inflammatory responses, blood metabolites and diarrhea index, and their relevance to growth performance in weaned pigs housed in good and poor sanitary environments for 14 days after weaning. Methods A total of 108 male pigs (Duroc×[Yorkshire×Landrace]) weaned at 21 days of age were used in a randomized complete block design with 2×3 factorial arrangement. Pigs were assigned to three boron treatments (0, 5, and 10 mg/kg) under two environments (good and poor sanitary) to give six replicates per treatment (3 pigs per replicate). On 0, 7, and 14 days, one pig per replicate was euthanized to collect, ileum tissue samples, and rectal fecal samples. Results Boron supplementation quadratically influenced (p<0.001) feed intake and weight gain in pigs housed in good sanitary conditions from 1 to 14 days post-weaning where pigs offered 5 mg/kg boron optimized weight gain and feed intake. There is a quadratic interaction (p = 0.019) on feed intake for 1 to 14 days post-weaning where 5 mg/kg boron increased feed intake in good sanitary conditions. Pigs housed in the poor sanitary environment decreased (p<0.001) villus height and crypt depth in ileum at days 7 and 14. On day 7 and 14, crude protein digestibility was quadratically influenced (p<0.05) by boron supplementation. Boron supplementation linearly increased (p<0.05) plasma calcium and cholesterol levels whilst linearly (p = 0.005) reducing plasma triglyceride concentrations. Diarrhea index was quadratically influenced (p<0.05) by boron supplementations regardless of sanitary conditions where 5 mg/kg boron inclusion achieved the lowest diarrhea index. Conclusion Pigs offered 5 mg/kg of boron increased weight gain which may be deduced by improved dry matter, crude protein, and energy digestibility regardless of the sanitary conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Min Cho
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Shemil Priyan Macelline
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.,Current affiliation: School of Life and Environmental Sciences. The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | | | - Taeg Kyun Shin
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Eunjoo Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Hong Cheol Son
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Cho HM, Kim E, Wickramasuriya SS, Shin TK, Heo JM. Growth and gut performance of young pigs in response to different dietary cellulose concentration and rearing condition. Anim Biosci 2021; 34:1653-1662. [PMID: 33561923 PMCID: PMC8495350 DOI: 10.5713/ab.20.0721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of insoluble cellulose supplementation to diets on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, the incidence of diarrhea, nutrients digestibility, and inflammatory responses in altering environmental conditions of animals housing. Methods A total of 108 male pigs (Duroc×[Yorkshire×Landrace]) were randomly allocated to one of three dietary treatments (cellulose 0%, 1%, 2%) and two environmental conditions (good sanitary condition vs. poor sanitary condition) to give 6 replicate pens per treatment with three pigs per each pen at 14 days post-weaning. Results Pigs were in good sanitary condition had higher average daily gain (p<0.01) and improved feed efficiency (p<0.05) from day 1 to 14 after weaning compared to their counterparts. The interactions were found between environmental conditions and dietary treatments (day 7: crypt depth [p<0.01], villous height to crypt depth [p<0.001]; day 14: crypt depth [p<0.001], villous to crypt ratio [p<0.01]) in ileum morphology. Crypt depth was decreased (p<0.05), and villous to crypt ratio was increased (p<0.05) only in poor sanitary conditions. Pigs exposed to the good sanitary condition had higher (p<0.05) apparent ileal digestibility (day 7, gross energy; day 14, dry matter), apparent total tract digestibility (day 14, dry matter and crude protein) compared to pigs housed in the poor sanitary condition. Meanwhile, pigs fed a diet supplemented with 2% cellulose had decreased (p<0.05) apparent ileal digestibility (day 7, dry matter; day 14, crude protein), apparent total tract digestibility (day 7, dry matter; day 14, crude protein, gross energy) compared to pigs fed a diet supplemented with 0% or 1% cellulose. Conclusion Our results indicated that a diet supplemented with 1% cellulose increased villous to crypt ratio, however feeding a diet containing cellulose (1% or 2%) impaired nutrient digestibility for 14 day after weaning in both good sanitary and poor sanitary conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Min Cho
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Eunjoo Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | - Taeg Kyun Shin
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Premathilaka KT, Nawarathne SR, Nambapana MN, Macelline SP, Wickramasuriya SS, Ang L, Jayasena DD, Heo JM. Partial or complete replacement of fishmeal with fermented soybean meal on growth performance, fecal composition, and meat quality in broilers. J Anim Sci Technol 2020; 62:824-839. [PMID: 33987563 PMCID: PMC7721569 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2020.62.6.824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The current study was aimed to examine the effect of partial or complete
replacement of fishmeal (FM) with fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on growth
performance, fecal composition, and meat quality in broiler chickens. A total
number of 240 one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly allotted into four
dietary treatments with six replications and ten birds per one pen. Dietary
treatments were followed as; 1) Diet incorporated with 4% FM without FSBM
(Control), 2) Diet incorporated with 3% FM and 2% FSBM (FSBM2), 3) Diet
incorporated with 2% FM and 3% FSBM (FSBM3) and 4) Diet incorporated with 4%
FSBM without FM (FSBM4). Body weight and feed intake were recorded weekly for 35
days of the experimental period. Moreover, fecal samples were collected to
evaluate moisture, ash, nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus content on day 21
post-hatch. On day 35, two birds were sacrificed from each pen to measure meat
quality parameters and visceral organ weights. Results revealed that, no dietary
treatment effect (p > 0.05) was observed either in both
body weight or average daily gain of broilers within the entire experimental
period while broilers fed FSBM2 increased (p < 0.05)
average daily feed intake by 10.07% whereas FSBM4 improved (p
< 0.05) feed efficiency ratio by 8.45% compared to birds fed other
dietary treatments on day 7 post-hatch. Besides, birds fed FSBM3 obtained the
improved (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio over the birds
fed control diet by 7.51% from hatch to day 35 post-hatch (1.60 vs. 1.73).
Nevertheless, no difference (p > 0.05) was detected on
visceral organ weight, proximate composition and physicochemical characteristics
of meat while broilers offered FSBM4 obtained the lowest (p
< 0.05) calcium and phosphorous in faces (2.27% and 1.21% respectively)
over those offered control feed and other FSBM treatments. In conclusion, FSBM
would be a better replacement for ousting FM partially or completely in broiler
diet as it did not impair the growth performance and meat quality while reducing
the calcium and phosphorous excretion in broilers for 35 days post-hatch.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shan Randima Nawarathne
- Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka.,Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | - Shemil Priyan Macelline
- Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia
| | - Samiru Sudharaka Wickramasuriya
- Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka.,Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Li Ang
- New Hope Lanka, Ja-Ela 11350, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Wickramasuriya SS, Macelline SP, Cho HM, Hong JS, Park SH, Heo JM. Physiological Effects of a Tallow-Incorporated Diet Supplemented With an Emulsifier and Microbial Lipases on Broiler Chickens. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:583998. [PMID: 33195607 PMCID: PMC7536262 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.583998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary emulsifiers and lipase supplementation on growth performance, blood metabolites, intestinal organ weight, gut morphology, nutrient digestibility, carcass measurements, and meat quality in broiler chickens. A total of 384, 1-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly allocated to one of eight dietary treatments arranged in a completely randomized design with 6 replications per treatment and 8 birds per cage. Diets were corn-soybean meal-based and formulated to meet the nutritional requirements for Ross 308 specifications. Beef tallow used as the fat source in all diets. Dietary treatments were as follows, (1) positive control (PC; energy sufficient diet); (2) negative control (NC; energy deficient,−100 ME, kcal/kg); (3) NC+POL (0.1%, Polysorbate-20); (4) NC+CET (0.1%, Ceteth-20); (5) NC+POL+TLL (0.1%, Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase); (6) NC+POL+CRL (0.1%, Candida rugosa lipases); (7) NC+CET+CRL and (8) NC+LL (0.05%, Lysolecithin). Growth performances were measured weekly. One bird per pen was selected and sacrificed to collect blood, ileal digesta, jejunum sample, viscera organ weight, and meat samples on day 21 and 35. Results revealed that birds fed NC+POL+CRL diet had higher (P < 0.05) body weight, weight gain, and the improved (P < 0.05) feed efficiency compared to birds fed other low energy diets, and the effect was more prominent at the grower phase from day 21 to 35. Similarly, higher (P < 0.05) villi height and lower (P < 0.05) crypt depth commensurate with higher (P < 0.05) V:C ratio were observed with the broiler chickens fed NC+POL+CRL diet compared to broiler chickens fed NC diet on day 21 and 35. Moreover, broiler chickens fed NC+POL+CRL diet showed improved fat and energy digestibility compared NC diet counterpart on day 35. This study, therefore indicated that Polysorbate-20 together with Candida rugosa lipases had promising ability to improve growth performance of broiler chickens fed with low energy diet and curtail the growth depression without affecting blood metabolites, carcass, and visceral organs weights.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shemil Priyan Macelline
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hyun Min Cho
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jun Seon Hong
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | | | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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Cho HM, Wickramasuriya SS, Macelline SP, Hong JS, Lee B, Heo JM. Evaluation of crude protein levels in White Pekin duck diet for 21 days after hatching. J Anim Sci Technol 2020; 62:628-637. [PMID: 33089228 PMCID: PMC7553845 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2020.62.5.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In poultry diets, a requirement of crude protein is one of the most important
factors in poultry productivity. Besides, the Pekin duck requirement of crude
protein is still not clear. This experiment was conducted to determine the crude
protein requirement of Pekin duck on diet formulation by investigation of growth
performance, carcass trait, and analysis of blood parameter for a hatch to
21-day (d) of age. A total of 432 male White Pekin ducks were randomly allocated
to six levels of crude protein (i.e., 15%, 17%, 19%, 21%, 23%, and 25%) to give
six replicate pens per treatment with 12 ducklings per each pen. Body weight and
feed intake were measured weekly by calculating feed conversion ratio and
protein intake. Two ducklings each pen was euthanized via cervical dislocation
for analysis of carcass trait and plasma blood on 21-d of age. Data were applied
on both prediction linear-plateau and quadratic-plateau models by estimation of
the crude protein requirements. Data were applied on both prediction
linear-plateau and quadratic-plateau models by estimation of the crude protein
requirements. The level of crude protein requirements of Pekin ducks for 21 days
after the hatch was estimated to be 20.63% and 23.25% diet for maximum daily
gain, and minimum feed conversion ratio, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Min Cho
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | - Shemil Priyan Macelline
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jun Seon Hong
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Bowon Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Kim E, Wickramasuriya SS, Shin TK, Cho HM, Kim HB, Heo JM. Estimating total lysine requirement for optimised egg production of broiler breeder hens during the early-laying period. J Anim Sci Technol 2020; 62:521-532. [PMID: 32803184 PMCID: PMC7416165 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2020.62.4.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The production performance of broiler breeder hens in response to different
levels of total lysine during the early laying period was investigated. A total
of 126 Ross 308 parent stock hens were offered one of seven dietary treatments
formulating elevated contents of total lysine ranging from 0.55% to 0.79% (0.04
scale; 133 g of feed) from 23 to 29 weeks of age. Each treatment had six
replicates with three birds per pen. Body weight was recorded triweekly and eggs
were collected and weighted at 9:00 am daily. One hen from each pen was
euthanized to collect blood samples and visceral organs were harvested and
weighed. Egg production, egg weight and egg mass were lower (p
< 0.05) in hens offered a diet containing 0.55% total lysine compared to
those fed the diet containing higher total lysine. Hens offered a diet
containing 0.71%, 0.75%, and 0.79% total lysine had greater (p
= 0.008) egg production rate compared to those offered a diet containing lysine
less than 0.71%. The number of total eggs produced tended to be greater
(p = 0.083) in hens offered a diet containing 0.71 and
0.75% total lysine compared to the other treatments. The number of settable egg
production was higher (p < 0.001) in hens offered a diet
contacting 0.79% total lysine compared to those fed the diet containing lower
levels of total lysine. The relative weights of oviduct and ovary were lower
(p < 0.05) in hens offered a diet containing 0.59%
total lysine compared to the other treatments. No difference found in body
weight, the number of total eggs, double-yolk eggs and abnormal shell eggs among
the treatments. The urea nitrogen, estradiol-17 beta and progesterone in plasma
were not affected by treatments. Based on linear- and quadratic-plateau models,
total lysine requirements for egg production, settable egg production and egg
mass at the early laying period were to be 0.73%, 0.77%, and 0.71%,
respectively. Modern broiler breeder hens likely require higher total lysine
than NRC recommendation in a diet for enhancing productivity during the
early-laying period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjoo Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.,School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | | | - Taeg Kyun Shin
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Hyun Min Cho
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Hyeun Bum Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Wickramasuriya SS, Cho HM, Macelline SP, Kim E, Shin TK, Yi YJ, Park SH, Lee KB, Heo JM. Effect of calcium stearoyl-2 lactylate and lipase supplementation on growth performance, gut health, and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2020; 33:981-991. [PMID: 32054203 PMCID: PMC7206371 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate calcium stearoyl-2 lactylate (CSL) performance as an exogenous emulsifier together with lipase for broiler diets. Methods In total, 252 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were allocated in a completely randomized design to give 6 replications per treatment with 7 birds in each cage. There were six dietary treatments representing a 2×3 factorial arrangement consisted of two energy levels (standard energy [positive control, PC] and −100 kcal/kg of the requirement level [negative control, NC]) and three dietary treatments (without additives [CON], CON+CSL [CSL], and CON+CSL+lipase [CSL-Lipase]). Corn and soybean meal-based experimental diets containing vegetable oil were formulated. Growth performance, blood parameters, visceral organ weights, ileal morphology, nutrient digestibility, and cytokine gene expression were measured. Results Birds fed a diet including CSL increased (p<0.05) lipase level in blood compared to birds fed a diet including CSL-Lipase on day 21. Similarly, higher (p<0.05) liver weight was observed in birds fed a diet including either CSL or CSL-Lipase on day 21. Birds fed NC diet with CSL improved (p<0.05) nutrient digestibility compared to the NC diet on day 21. However, birds fed a diet supplemented with CSL or CSL-Lipase did not affect (p>0.05) the weight gain, feed efficiency, ileal morphology, and cytokine concentrations during the experiment period, regardless of dietary energy levels. Conclusion Our results indicated that CSL has a role in improving nutrient digestibility in young birds when supplemented to a corn-soybean meal based broiler diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyun Min Cho
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Shemil Priyan Macelline
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Eunjoo Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Taeg Kyun Shin
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Young Joo Yi
- Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea.,Department of Agricultural Education, College of Education, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | | | - Kyung Bon Lee
- Deaprtment of Biology Education, College of Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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13
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Wickramasuriya SS, Macelline SP, Kim E, Cho HM, Shin TK, Yi YJ, Jayasena DD, Lee SD, Jung HJ, Heo JM. Physiological impact on layer chickens fed corn distiller's dried grains with solubles naturally contaminated with deoxynivalenol. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2019; 33:313-322. [PMID: 31480205 PMCID: PMC6946975 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective An experiment was conducted to investigate the response of laying hens fed corn distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) that are naturally contaminated with deoxynivalenol (DON). Methods One hundred and sixty 52-week-old Lohmann Brown Lite hens were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments with 8 replicates per treatment. The dietary treatments were formulated to provide a range of corn DDGS contaminated with DON from 0% to 20% (i.e., 5% scale of increment). All laying hens were subjected to the same management practices in a controlled environment. Body weight, feed intake and egg production were measured biweekly for the entire 8-week experiment. The egg quality was measured biweekly for 8 weeks. On weeks 4 and 8, visceral organ weights, blood metabolites, intestinal morphology, and blood cytokine concentrations were measured. Results The inclusion of corn DDGS contaminated with DON in the diet did not alter (p> 0.05) the body weight, feed intake, hen-day egg production, egg mass and feed efficiency of the laying hens. No difference was found (p>0.05) in the egg quality of hens that were fed the dietary treatments. Furthermore, hens that were fed a diet containing corn DDGS contaminated with DON showed no change (p>0.05) in the visceral organ weights, the blood metabolites, and the cytokine concentrations. The crypt depth increased (p<0.05) as the amount of corn DDGS contaminated with DON increased. Proportionately, the villus height to crypt depth ratio of the laying hens decreased (p<0.05) with the increasing level of corn DDGS contaminated with DON in the diet. Conclusion The inclusion of corn DDGS contaminated with DON up to 20% in layer diets did not cause changes in egg production performance and egg quality, which indicates that DON is less toxic at the concentration of 1.00 mg DON/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiru Sudharaka Wickramasuriya
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.,Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka
| | - Shemil Priyan Macelline
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Eunjoo Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Hyun Min Cho
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Taeg Kyun Shin
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Young Joo Yi
- Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Dinesh D Jayasena
- Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka
| | - Sung-Dae Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 31002, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Jung
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 31002, Korea
| | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Kim E, Rew HJ, Shin TK, Cho HM, Wickramasuriya SS, Yi YJ, Jeong J, Choi I, Heo JM. Standard Body Weight and Serum Estradiol and Progesterone Concentrations in Response to Total Lysine Content in Female Broiler Breeders from 14 to 42 Days after Hatch. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Kim
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - HJ Rew
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - TK Shin
- Chonbuk National University, South Korea
| | - HM Cho
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | | | - YJ Yi
- Chonbuk National University, South Korea
| | - J Jeong
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - I Choi
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - JM Heo
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
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Macelline WSP, Cho HM, Awanthika HT, Wickramasuriya SS, Jayasena DD, Tharangani RH, Song Z, Heo JM. Determination of The Growth Performances and Meat Quality of Broilers Fed Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a Probiotic in Two Different Feeding Intervals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5536/kjps.2017.44.3.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Yoo J, Yi YJ, Wickramasuriya SS, Kim E, Shin TK, Cho HM, Kim N, Heo JM. Evaluation of sulphur amino acid requirement of male Korean native ducklings from hatch to 21 day of age. Br Poult Sci 2017; 58:272-277. [PMID: 28100065 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2017.1280722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. A dose-response experiment was conducted with male Korean native ducklings (KND) to evaluate the total sulphur amino acid (TSAA) requirement from hatch to 21 d of age. 2. A completely randomised design with 7 dietary TSAA concentrations (0.62%, 0.65%, 0.68%, 0.71%, 0.74%, 0.77% and 0.80%) were used with 6 replications per treatment. 3. Body weight (BW) and feed intake were measured weekly to calculate average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). One duckling per pen (n = 6) was killed by cervical dislocation to weigh empty body and drumsticks at the conclusion of experiment. 4. BW was improved significantly with increasing TSAA content, in a non-linear manner. A significant decrease of FCR was shown with increasing TSAA contents. TSAA requirement was determined by taking a mean value after fitting the data to both a linear-plateau and a quadratic-plateau model. Estimated TSAA requirements were 0.70%, 0.70%, 0.66% and 0.70% for the maximum BW, ADG and ADFI and for the minimum FCR, respectively. Increasing TSAA content improved quantity of full body weight (FBW), empty body weight (EBW) and drumstick weight (DSW), but there was no effect on proportion of DSW in relation to EBW and proportion of EBW to FBW. 5. In conclusion, the growth of male KND during 1 to 21 d of age was improved with increasing TSAA content, suggesting optimal TSAA requirements estimated by two analysis models.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yoo
- a Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , South Korea
| | - Y J Yi
- b Division of Biotechnology , Chonbuk National University , Iksan 54596 , South Korea
| | - S S Wickramasuriya
- a Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , South Korea
| | - E Kim
- a Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , South Korea
| | - T K Shin
- a Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , South Korea
| | - H M Cho
- a Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , South Korea
| | - N Kim
- a Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , South Korea
| | - J M Heo
- a Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , South Korea
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Wickramasuriya SS, Yi YJ, Kim JC, Yoo J, Kang NK, Heo JM. Erratum to: A review of canola meal as an alternative feed ingredient for ducks. J Anim Sci Technol 2015; 57:38. [PMID: 26488222 PMCID: PMC4603810 DOI: 10.1186/s40781-015-0071-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Young-Joo Yi
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental & Bioresources, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-si 570-752, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Cheol Kim
- Pork Innovation, Department of Agriculture and Food, South Perth, WA 6151 Australia
| | - Jaehong Yoo
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764 Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Kyu Kang
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Heo
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764 Republic of Korea
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Wickramasuriya SS, Yi YJ, Yoo J, Kang NK, Heo JM. A review of canola meal as an alternative feed ingredient for ducks. J Anim Sci Technol 2015; 57:29. [PMID: 26473064 PMCID: PMC4607012 DOI: 10.1186/s40781-015-0062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the published data on the canola meal and its suitability for duck as an alternative plant-origin protein source to soybean meal. Canola meal is a legume origin protein source containing comparable amino acid profile to soybean meal and rich in essential minerals and vitamins. Nonetheless, it is known to contain less in energy content than soybean meal. Factors like field conditions and processing methods creates compositional variations among canola meal. Presence of anti-nutritional factors such as phenolic substances, phytate and glucosinolates which are known to reduce growth performance in livestock animals, are the major drawbacks for canola meal to be a competitive plant-origin protein source in the feed industry. This review is focused to address i) nutritional characteristics and feeding value of canola meal for ducks and ii) impacts of feeding canola meal on performances of ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young-Joo Yi
- />Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental & Bioresources, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 570-752 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehong Yoo
- />Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764 Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Kyu Kang
- />Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Heo
- />Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764 Republic of Korea
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