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Baratè C, Caruso T, Mavilia F, Sammuri P, Pratesi F, Motta G, Guerri V, Galimberti S, Migliorini P. Induction of neutralizing antibodies in CLL patients after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination: a monocentric experience. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:1197-1203. [PMID: 36074205 PMCID: PMC9453722 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00877-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination represents the best strategy to fight COVID-19 pandemics, especially in immune compromised subjects. In chronic lymphatic leukemia patients, a marked impairment of the immune response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was observed. In this report, we analyzed anti-RBD and neutralizing antibodies in CLL patients after two doses of mRNA SARS CoV 2 vaccine and evaluated the impact of Bruton kinase inhibitory agents. Twenty-seven CLL patients vaccinated with mRNA vaccines against SARS CoV-2 were recruited. Serum IgG, IgM and IgA anti-RBD antibodies and neutralizing antibodies were detected, and antibody avidity was measured. Peripheral blood leukocytes subsets were evaluated by flow cytometry. After two vaccine doses anti-RBD IgG were produced in 11/27 (40.5%) of patients and levels of IgG and IgA anti RBD in CLL patients were sensibly lower than in controls. Neutralizing antibodies were detectable in 12/27 (44.5%) of the patients and their level was lower than that observed in controls. Disease burden and treatment with Bruton kinases inhibitors markedly impaired vaccine induced antibody response. However, in responder patients, antibody avidity was comparable to normal subjects, indicating that the process of clonal selection and affinity maturation takes place as expected. Taken together, these data confirm the impact of disease burden and therapy on production of anti-RBD and neutralizing antibodies and support the current policy of vaccinating CLL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Baratè
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Teresita Caruso
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Mavilia
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Sammuri
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Pratesi
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
- General Pathology Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Motta
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Guerri
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Galimberti
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Migliorini
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
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Sukprakun C, Tepmongkol S. Nuclear imaging for localization and surgical outcome prediction in epilepsy: A review of latest discoveries and future perspectives. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1083775. [PMID: 36588897 PMCID: PMC9800996 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1083775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders. Approximately, one-third of patients with epilepsy have seizures refractory to antiepileptic drugs and further require surgical removal of the epileptogenic region. In the last decade, there have been many recent developments in radiopharmaceuticals, novel image analysis techniques, and new software for an epileptogenic zone (EZ) localization. Objectives Recently, we provided the latest discoveries, current challenges, and future perspectives in the field of positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in epilepsy. Methods We searched for relevant articles published in MEDLINE and CENTRAL from July 2012 to July 2022. A systematic literature review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis was conducted using the keywords "Epilepsy" and "PET or SPECT." We included both prospective and retrospective studies. Studies with preclinical subjects or not focusing on EZ localization or surgical outcome prediction using recently developed PET radiopharmaceuticals, novel image analysis techniques, and new software were excluded from the review. The remaining 162 articles were reviewed. Results We first present recent findings and developments in PET radiopharmaceuticals. Second, we present novel image analysis techniques and new software in the last decade for EZ localization. Finally, we summarize the overall findings and discuss future perspectives in the field of PET and SPECT in epilepsy. Conclusion Combining new radiopharmaceutical development, new indications, new techniques, and software improves EZ localization and provides a better understanding of epilepsy. These have proven not to only predict prognosis but also to improve the outcome of epilepsy surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanan Sukprakun
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supatporn Tepmongkol
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,Chulalongkorn University Biomedical Imaging Group (CUBIG), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,Chula Neuroscience Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand,Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,*Correspondence: Supatporn Tepmongkol ✉
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Doyen M, Chawki MB, Heyer S, Guedj E, Roch V, Marie PY, Tyvaert L, Maillard L, Verger A. Metabolic connectivity is associated with seizure outcome in surgically treated temporal lobe epilepsies: A 18F-FDG PET seed correlation analysis. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 36:103210. [PMID: 36208546 PMCID: PMC9668618 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
18F-FDG PET provides high sensitivity for the pre-surgical assessment of drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). However, little is known about the metabolic connectivity of epileptogenic networks involved. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic connectivity and seizure outcome in surgically treated TLE. METHODS The study included 107 right-handed patients that had undergone a presurgical interictal 18F-FDG PET assessment followed by an anterior temporal lobectomy and were classified according to seizure outcome 2 years after surgery. Metabolic connectivity was evaluated by seed correlation analysis in left and right epilepsy patients with a Class Engel IA or > IA outcome and compared to age-, sex- and handedness-matched healthy controls. RESULTS Increased metabolic connectivity was observed in the >IA compared to the IA group within the operated temporal lobe (respective clusters of 7.5 vs 3.3 cm3 and 2.6 cm3 vs 2.2 cm3 in left and right TLE), and to a lower extent with the contralateral temporal lobe (1.2 vs 0.7 cm3 and 1.7 cm3 vs 0.7 cm3 in left and right TLE). Seed correlations provided added value for the estimated individual performance of seizure outcome over the group comparisons in left TLE (AUC of 0.74 vs 0.67). CONCLUSION Metabolic connectivity is associated with outcome in surgically treated TLE with a strengthened epileptogenic connectome in patients with non-free-seizure outcomes. The added value of seed correlation analysis in left TLE underlines the importance of evaluating metabolic connectivity in network related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Doyen
- Université de Lorraine, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Imaging Platform, CHRU Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France,Université de Lorraine, IADI, INSERM U1254, F-54000 Nancy, France,Corresponding author at: Université de Lorraine, IADI - INSERM U1254, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Imaging Platform, F-54000 Nancy, France.
| | - Mohammad B. Chawki
- Université de Lorraine, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Imaging Platform, CHRU Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Sébastien Heyer
- Université de Lorraine, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Imaging Platform, CHRU Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Eric Guedj
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Timone Hospital, CERIMED, Nuclear Medicine Department, F-13000 Marseille, France
| | - Véronique Roch
- Université de Lorraine, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Imaging Platform, CHRU Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Marie
- Université de Lorraine, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Imaging Platform, CHRU Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France,Université de Lorraine, INSERM, DCAC, Nancy, France
| | - Louise Tyvaert
- Université de Lorraine, CRAN UMR 7039, Nancy, France,Department of Neurology, CHRU Nancy, National Reference Center for Rare Epilepsies, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Louis Maillard
- Université de Lorraine, CRAN UMR 7039, Nancy, France,Department of Neurology, CHRU Nancy, National Reference Center for Rare Epilepsies, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Antoine Verger
- Université de Lorraine, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Imaging Platform, CHRU Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France,Université de Lorraine, IADI, INSERM U1254, F-54000 Nancy, France
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Yi T, Wei W, Ma D, Wu Y, Cai Q, Jin K, Gao X. Individual Brain Morphological Connectome Indicator Based on Jensen-Shannon Divergence Similarity Estimation for Autism Spectrum Disorder Identification. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:952067. [PMID: 35837129 PMCID: PMC9275791 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.952067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) reveals abnormalities in patients with autism spectrum syndrome (ASD). Previous connectome studies of ASD have failed to identify the individual neuroanatomical details in preschool-age individuals. This paper aims to establish an individual morphological connectome method to characterize the connectivity patterns and topological alterations of the individual-level brain connectome and their diagnostic value in patients with ASD. Methods Brain sMRI data from 24 patients with ASD and 17 normal controls (NCs) were collected; participants in both groups were aged 24-47 months. By using the Jensen-Shannon Divergence Similarity Estimation (JSSE) method, all participants's morphological brain network were ascertained. Student's t-tests were used to extract the most significant features in morphological connection values, global graph measurement, and node graph measurement. Results The results of global metrics' analysis showed no statistical significance in the difference between two groups. Brain regions with meaningful properties for consensus connections and nodal metric features are mostly distributed in are predominantly distributed in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and cortical regions spanning the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. Consensus connectivity results showed an increase in most of the consensus connections in the frontal, parietal, and thalamic regions of patients with ASD, while there was a decrease in consensus connectivity in the occipital, prefrontal lobe, temporal lobe, and pale regions. The model that combined morphological connectivity, global metrics, and node metric features had optimal performance in identifying patients with ASD, with an accuracy rate of 94.59%. Conclusion The individual brain network indicator based on the JSSE method is an effective indicator for identifying individual-level brain network abnormalities in patients with ASD. The proposed classification method can contribute to the early clinical diagnosis of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yi
- Department of Radiology, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Weian Wei
- Department of Radiology, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Di Ma
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yali Wu
- Department of Child Health Care Centre, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Qifang Cai
- Department of Radiology, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Jin
- Department of Radiology, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Shanghai Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center, Shanghai, China
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Mitchell PG, Bright CA, Bright DR, Srivastava SN, Raote SS, Kumar S. The Biota orientalis, oil extract Epiitalis ®, is efficacious at reducing the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis: a pilot, multi-site, dose-ranging, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1323-1334. [PMID: 35732989 PMCID: PMC9216293 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the safety, and efficacy of a proprietary hydrolyzed oil extract from seeds of Biota orientalis (hBO/Epiitalis®, Interpath Pty Ltd) in patients with knee pain due to osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Patients aged 40–65 with X-ray diagnosed knee OA and knee pain ≥ 60 on a 100-point VAS (visual analog scale) were enrolled and randomized into four groups to receive daily hBO for 56 days as high (hBO-HD, 640 mg), mid (hBO-MD, 320 mg) or low (hBO-LD, 160 mg) doses, or a matched placebo oil. The primary outcome was change in VAS knee pain from baseline to 56 days in the mITT (modified intention to treat) population. Exploratory outcomes were the mWOMAC (modified Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index), and the SF-36 QoL (quality of life) questionnaire. The OMERACT-OARSI (Outcome Measures in Arthritis Clinical Trials–Osteoarthritis Research Society International) responder index was also calculated. Results 223 patients were included in the mITT population. Reductions in VAS scores between baseline and day 56 [Least square mean (LS mean) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of LS mean] were 36.4 (31.7–41.0), 37.9 (33.2–42.7), 35.7 (31.2–40.1) and 9.8 (14.5–15.2) for the hBO-HD, hBO-MD, hBO-LD, and placebo groups respectively. The VAS changes in all hBO groups were significantly different (p < 0.0001) vs. changes in the placebo group. hBO treatment led to similar quantitative beneficial changes in mWOMAC, SF-36 and OMERACT-OARSI responder index. There were no SAEs and no adverse events ascribed to the intervention. Conclusion In a 56-day trial, hBO was safe, and was efficacious at reducing symptoms in patients with knee OA. Registration: NCT04117490; Oct 7, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G Mitchell
- Interpath Pty LTD, 10 Skipton Street, Ballarat, VIC, 3350, Australia.
| | - Corina A Bright
- Interpath Pty LTD, 10 Skipton Street, Ballarat, VIC, 3350, Australia
| | - Daniel R Bright
- Interpath Pty LTD, 10 Skipton Street, Ballarat, VIC, 3350, Australia
| | | | | | - Santosh Kumar
- Independent Consultant Biostatistician, Delhi, India
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Kari S, Subramanian K, Altomonte IA, Murugesan A, Yli-Harja O, Kandhavelu M. Programmed cell death detection methods: a systematic review and a categorical comparison. Apoptosis 2022; 27:482-508. [PMID: 35713779 PMCID: PMC9308588 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01735-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death is considered a key player in a variety of cellular processes that helps to regulate tissue growth, embryogenesis, cell turnover, immune response, and other biological processes. Among different types of cell death, apoptosis has been studied widely, especially in the field of cancer research to understand and analyse cellular mechanisms, and signaling pathways that control cell cycle arrest. Hallmarks of different types of cell death have been identified by following the patterns and events through microscopy. Identified biomarkers have also supported drug development to induce cell death in cancerous cells. There are various serological and microscopic techniques with advantages and limitations, that are available and are being utilized to detect and study the mechanism of cell death. The complexity of the mechanism and difficulties in distinguishing among different types of programmed cell death make it challenging to carry out the interventions and delay its progression. In this review, mechanisms of different forms of programmed cell death along with their conventional and unconventional methods of detection of have been critically reviewed systematically and categorized on the basis of morphological hallmarks and biomarkers to understand the principle, mechanism, application, advantages and disadvantages of each method. Furthermore, a very comprehensive comparative analysis has been drawn to highlight the most efficient and effective methods of detection of programmed cell death, helping researchers to make a reliable and prudent selection among the available methods of cell death assay. Conclusively, how programmed cell death detection methods can be improved and can provide information about distinctive stages of cell death detection have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Kari
- Molecular Signaling Lab, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, P.O. Box 553, 33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kumar Subramanian
- Molecular Signaling Lab, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, P.O. Box 553, 33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ilenia Agata Altomonte
- Molecular Signaling Lab, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, P.O. Box 553, 33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Akshaya Murugesan
- Molecular Signaling Lab, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, P.O. Box 553, 33101, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Thallakulam, Madurai, 625002, India
| | - Olli Yli-Harja
- Institute for Systems Biology, 1441N 34th Street, Seattle, WA, USA.,Computational Systems Biology Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, P.O. Box 553, 33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Meenakshisundaram Kandhavelu
- Molecular Signaling Lab, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, P.O. Box 553, 33101, Tampere, Finland. .,Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Thallakulam, Madurai, 625002, India.
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