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Jiang J, Feng Q, Yan L, Guo Y, Yang Q. Perceptions and Experiences of Self-Management in Patients with Prediabetes: A Qualitative Study in China. Patient Prefer Adherence 2025; 19:1283-1293. [PMID: 40337289 PMCID: PMC12057631 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s513389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2025] [Indexed: 05/09/2025] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate self-management experiences among individuals with prediabetes and analyze their potential self-management needs, thereby informing strategies to enhance self-management efficacy and facilitate the development of evidence-based, personalized interventions. Patients and Methods Twelve prediabetes patients from a physical examination center in Nanchong, China, were recruited using purposive sampling. An interpretive phenomenological research method was employed. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted to explore patients' self-management experiences. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed thematically to develop the results. In addition, web-based information support and peer support facilitated patient self-management. Results Four overarching themes emerged: (1) cognitive limitations, (2) intrinsic motivation, (3) hurdles to overcome, (4) perceived social support. Revealed the debilitating effect of non-medical terminology expression on the potential harm of the disease, neglect of diagnosis and health education by healthcare providers exacerbated the lack of awareness of prediabetes among patients. The complex social environment (unhealthy food environment, heavy work pressure, etc.) confronts prediabetes with self-management dilemmas. It was also revealed that patients' behavioral change motivation was "threat-benefit" dual-driven and was strongly influenced by family ethics, with family culture significantly influencing health decision-making. In addition, web-based information support and peer support facilitate patient self-management. Conclusion This study investigated the perceptions and self-management experiences of individuals with prediabetes, proposing targeted intervention strategies. Key recommendations include: (1) Healthcare providers' perceptions and attitudes toward prediabetes significantly influence patient engagement, necessitating standardized diagnostic and treatment protocols that emphasize disease progression risks during initial diagnosis to enhance clinical awareness; (2) Implementation of motivational interviewing (MI) techniques could effectively strengthen patients' intrinsic motivation for behavioral modification; (3) Multidimensional support systems should be established through AI-powered medical question-answering systems, standardized nutritional labeling regulations, family-involved health education programs, and peer-led "health coach" initiatives. These strategies provide a framework for developing comprehensive prediabetes management interventions aimed at improving self-management ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Jiang
- Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiongyao Feng
- Faculty of Nursing, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lihua Yan
- Faculty of Nursing, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingchao Guo
- Faculty of Nursing, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiu Yang
- Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
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Jokar M, Zandi M, Ebadi A, Momenan AA, Rostamkhani M. Barriers and facilitators of self-care in adults with pre-diabetes: a directed qualitative content analysis. BMC Health Serv Res 2025; 25:332. [PMID: 40033296 PMCID: PMC11877960 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-025-12407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with prediabetes are at 5 to 15 times higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared with others. Without self-care behaviors to promote health and prevention, more than 70% of them will ultimately develop type 2 diabetes during their lives. METHOD This was a qualitative study guided by the directed content analysis method. Purposive sampling was done with maximum demographic diversity. The experiences of adults with prediabetes (39 people) and healthcare workers (6 people) were assessed through individual, face-to-face, semi-structured interviews lasting between 30 and 45 min for four months, from June to November 2023. RESULTS Five main themes were found to be influential on the self-care behaviors of adults with prediabetes after analyzing the data: intrapersonal factors, interpersonal level factors, organizational factors, community-level factors, and public policy factors. The important barriers were a lack of screening programs, lack of knowledge about prediabetes and how to modify and change lifestyles, cultural practices, insufficient counseling, lack of prediabetic peers and groups, inflexible work environment, lack of native digital applications, lack of self-care behavior assessment tools for counseling, and financial problems. The major facilitators were motivation, support from family and friends, and the availability of resources in the community. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that a multilevel approach is needed to address these barriers and facilitators. These findings will help guide strategies to develop programs that impart knowledge and skills to improve the self-care behaviors of prediabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhgan Jokar
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Zandi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Niyayesh Complex, Ayatollah Hashemi Rafsanjani CrossSection, Vali-Asr Street, Tehran, 1919973361, Iran.
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Nursing Care Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Momenan
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wu J, Chen Q, Zou JZ, Chen YY, Chen HH, Lin YY, Huang XD. Association between hepatic steatosis index and glucose status conversion from impaired fasting glucose base on Chinese adults: a cohort study from real-world. Eur J Med Res 2025; 30:100. [PMID: 39953638 PMCID: PMC11827240 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-025-02354-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2025] [Indexed: 02/17/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence regarding the relationship between the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and glycemic conversion outcomes in individuals with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is still limited. Our study aims to explore the role of HSI in the reversion to normoglycemia or the progression to diabetes among Chinese IFG individuals. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis using data from 11,327 IFG individuals who had undergone wellness examinations at Rich Healthcare Group. To analyze the association between the baseline HSI and glucose status conversion, a Cox regression model was used, and the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed. A generalized additive model was used to examine non-linear relationships. A two-piecewise binary logistic regression model was employed to further elucidate the non-linearity. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were also conducted. RESULTS Over an observation period spanning 33,892 person-years, the rate of normoglycemia reversion was found to be 41.75%, whereas the rate of progression to diabetes was 11.63%. After accounting for potential confounding variables, our analysis demonstrated that among IFG individuals, there was an inverse relationship between HSI and the likelihood of returning to normoglycemia (HR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.90-0.96, P < 0.001), and a positive association between the HSI and progression to diabetes (HR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.40-1.58, P < 0.001). The smooth curve-fitting plot revealed a nonlinear association between the HSI and diabetes progression, with inflection points at 26.55 and 40.74. Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis confirmed the stability of the study's findings. CONCLUSION HSI was significantly linked to normoglycemia reversion and diabetes progression in IFG individuals, indicating its potential as a risk indicator for diabetes and a guide for prevention strategies. However, further research is needed to confirm this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jieyang People's Hospital, No. 107 Tianfu Road, Rongcheng District, Jieyang, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jieyang People's Hospital, No. 107 Tianfu Road, Rongcheng District, Jieyang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Zhong Zou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jieyang People's Hospital, No. 107 Tianfu Road, Rongcheng District, Jieyang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Ying Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jieyang People's Hospital, No. 107 Tianfu Road, Rongcheng District, Jieyang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua-Hong Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jieyang People's Hospital, No. 107 Tianfu Road, Rongcheng District, Jieyang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Ye Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jieyang People's Hospital, No. 107 Tianfu Road, Rongcheng District, Jieyang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu-Dong Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jieyang People's Hospital, No. 107 Tianfu Road, Rongcheng District, Jieyang, Guangdong, China.
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Ong YQ, Shahar S, Mohd Safien A, Ibrahim N, Chin AV, Mangialasche F, Kivipelto M, Singh DKA. A qualitative study on the impact and participation in the AGELESS multidomain intervention: Insights from older adults with cognitive frailty and their caregivers. BMC Public Health 2025; 25:7. [PMID: 39748314 PMCID: PMC11697915 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20704-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive frailty (CF) is a major precursor to dementia, and multidomain interventions have the potential to delay, prevent or reverse its early onset. However, the successful translation and sustainability of such interventions in real-life settings remain uncertain. In this study, we aimed to explore the insights of older adults with CF and their caregivers regarding the impact and participation in the AGELESS multidomain intervention. METHODS This qualitative study was conducted following the completion of AGELESS multidomain intervention. Semi-structured interviews covering domains such as perceptions, benefits, barriers, facilitators, and program preferences were conducted among 17 older adults with CF and 10 caregivers following the completion of the intervention. The data obtained were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. Each transcript was reviewed and coded to identify prevailing themes derived from the interview data. RESULTS The analysis revealed five distinct themes: (1) impact of the program, (2) facilitators enhancing participation, (3) barriers hindering participation, (4) suggestions for improving participation and (5) challenges to adopt digital platforms. Based on the findings, the AGELESS multidomain intervention had a positive impact on the participants and their caregivers. It was noted that they showed preference for in-person sessions over virtual ones. The study highlighted key factors critical for successful participation, including diversity and inclusivity. It emphasized incorporating a multi-component, group-based approach with social aspects. The intervention should be people-centered, dignified, affordable, and customized to meet the unique needs of each participant. CONCLUSIONS The AGELESS multidomain intervention was well received by older adults with CF and their caregivers who participated in this study. Moving forward, it is recommended that future initiatives focus on identifying opportunities to implement existing evidence-based programs on a larger scale for the prevention of dementia in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qian Ong
- Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (HCARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Shahar
- Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (HCARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A'isyah Mohd Safien
- Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (HCARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norhayati Ibrahim
- Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (HCARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ai-Vyrn Chin
- Geriatric Division, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Francesca Mangialasche
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Alzheimer Research Centre, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Alzheimer Research Centre, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh
- Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (HCARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Burton W, Padgett L, Nixon N, Ells L, Drew KJ, Brown T, Bakhai C, Radley D, Homer C, Marwood J, Dhir P, Bryant M. Transferability of the NHS low-calorie diet programme: A qualitative exploration of factors influencing the programme's transfer ahead of wide-scale adoption. Diabet Med 2024; 41:e15354. [PMID: 38822506 DOI: 10.1111/dme.15354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although behavioural interventions have been found to help control type 2 diabetes (T2D), it is important to understand how the delivery context can influence implementation and outcomes. The NHS committed to testing a low-calorie diet (LCD) programme designed to support people living with excess weight and T2D to lose weight and improve diabetes outcomes. Understanding what influenced implementation during the programme pilot is important in optimising rollout. This study explored the transferability of the NHS LCD Programme prior to wider adoption. METHODS Twenty-five interviews were undertaken with stakeholders involved in implementing the LCD programme in pilot sites (health service leads, referring health professionals and programme deliverers). Interviews with programme participants (people living with T2D) were undertaken within a larger programme of work, exploring what worked, for whom and why, which is reported separately. The conceptual Population-Intervention-Environment-Transfer Model of Transferability (PIET-T) guided study design and data collection. Constructs of the model were also used as a deductive coding frame during data analysis. Key themes were identified which informed recommendations to optimise programme transfer. RESULTS Population: Referral strategies in some areas lacked consideration of population characteristics. Many believed that offering a choice of delivery model would promote acceptability and accessibility of the eligible population. INTERVENTION Overall, stakeholders had confidence in the LCD programme due to the robust evidence base along with anecdotal evidence, but some felt the complex referral process hindered engagement from GP practices. ENVIRONMENT Stakeholders described barriers to accessing the programme, including language and learning difficulties. Transferability: Multidisciplinary working and effective communication supported successful implementation. CONCLUSION Referral strategies to reach underrepresented groups should be considered during programme transfer, along with timely data from service providers on access and programme benefits. A choice of delivery models may optimise uptake. Knowledge sharing between sites on good working practices is encouraged, including increasing engagement with key stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Burton
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Louise Padgett
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Nicola Nixon
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Louisa Ells
- Obesity Institute, School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Kevin J Drew
- Obesity Institute, School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Tamara Brown
- Obesity Institute, School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Chirag Bakhai
- Larkside Practice, Churchfield Medical Centre, Bedfordshire, UK
| | - Duncan Radley
- Obesity Institute, School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Catherine Homer
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jordan Marwood
- Obesity Institute, School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Pooja Dhir
- Obesity Institute, School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Maria Bryant
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
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McMullen B, Duncanson K, Collins C, MacDonald-Wicks L. A systematic review of the mechanisms influencing engagement in diabetes prevention programmes for people with pre-diabetes. Diabet Med 2024; 41:e15323. [PMID: 38829966 DOI: 10.1111/dme.15323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To identify barriers and enablers that influence engagement in and acceptability of diabetes prevention programmes for people with pre-diabetes. The results will provide insights for developing strategies and recommendations to improve design and delivery of diabetes prevention programmes with enhanced engagement and acceptability for people with pre-diabetes. METHODS This review used a critical realist approach to examine context and mechanisms of diabetes prevention programmes. Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Cinahl, Web of Science, Scopus and Pre-Medline were searched for English language studies published between 2000 and 2023. A quality assessment was conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. RESULTS A total of 90 papers met inclusion criteria. The included studies used a variety of quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Data extracted focused on barriers and enablers to engagement in and acceptability of diabetes prevention programmes, with seven key mechanisms identified. These included financial, environmental, personal, healthcare, social and cultural, demographic and programme mechanisms. Findings highlighted diverse factors that influenced engagement in preventive programmes and the importance of considering these factors when planning, developing and implementing future diabetes prevention programmes. CONCLUSIONS Mechanisms identified in this review can inform design and development of diabetes prevention programmes for people with pre-diabetes and provide guidance for healthcare professionals and policymakers. This will facilitate increased participation and engagement in preventive programmes, potentially reducing progression and/or incidence of pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes and improving health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britney McMullen
- Mid North Coast Local Health District, University of Newcastle, Coffs Harbour, Australia
| | - Kerith Duncanson
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Clare Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Lesley MacDonald-Wicks
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
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Healy GN, Goode AD, Campbell L, Sikder A, Giguere D, Gomersall SR. Barriers and Enablers to Maintaining Behaviour Changes Following a Lifestyle Intervention for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes. Am J Lifestyle Med 2024:15598276241262721. [PMID: 39554965 PMCID: PMC11562153 DOI: 10.1177/15598276241262721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim To explore short-term barriers and enablers to maintaining behaviour changes in adults with type 2 diabetes who had completed a lifestyle behaviour change program. Methods Focus groups with 44 participants identified barriers and enablers at the end-of-program (n = 8 groups: anticipated); and, 1-month post-program (n = 6 groups: experienced). Thematic inductive analysis was undertaken independently by two authors, discussed, then deductively grouped according to the Capability (physical, psychological), Opportunity (physical, social), Motivation (automatic, reflective) - Behaviour (COM-B) model. Results Nine barriers were identified: two anticipated, one experienced, and six common to both timepoints. Key barriers related to physical capability (health ability), physical opportunity (difficulty accessing and using resources), social opportunity (unwillingness to invest in social networks), and reflective motivation (lack of internal drive). Eleven enablers were identified: all across both timepoints. Key enablers related to psychological capability (knowledge), physical opportunity (access and use of program resources), social opportunity (sense of belonging and safety within the program), automatic motivation (beliefs and awareness around perceived risk; monitoring of progress), and reflective motivation (committed to change). Discussion Findings suggest diabetes management programs should enable ongoing access to their resources. Investing in mechanisms to scaffold program graduates into suitable community-based activities may also be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve N. Healy
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia (GNH, ADG, LC, SRG)
| | - Ana D. Goode
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia (GNH, ADG, LC, SRG)
| | - Lucy Campbell
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia (GNH, ADG, LC, SRG)
| | - Amit Sikder
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia (AS)
| | - Denis Giguere
- UQ Health Care, Logan Healthy Living, Logan, QLD, Australia (DG)
| | - Sjaan R. Gomersall
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia (GNH, ADG, LC, SRG)
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia (SRG)
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Nag S, Stany B, Mishra S, Kumar S, Mohanto S, Ahmed M, Mathew B, Subramaniyan V. Multireceptor Analysis for Evaluating the Antidiabetic Efficacy of Karanjin: A Computational Approach. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2024; 7:e509. [PMID: 38982323 PMCID: PMC11233261 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus, notably type 2, is a rising global health challenge, prompting the need for effective management strategies. Common medications such as metformin, insulin, repaglinide and sitagliptin can induce side effects like gastrointestinal disturbances, hypoglycemia, weight gain and specific organ risks. Plant-derived therapies like Karanjin from Pongamia pinnata present promising alternatives due to their historical use, holistic health benefits and potentially fewer adverse effects. This study employs in silico analysis to explore Karanjin's interactions with diabetes-associated receptors, aiming to unveil its therapeutic potential while addressing the limitations and side effects associated with conventional medications. METHODOLOGY The research encompassed the selection of proteins from the Protein Data Bank (PDB), followed by structural refinement processes and optimization. Ligands such as Karanjin and standard drugs were retrieved from PubChem, followed by a comprehensive analysis of their ADMET profiling and pharmacokinetic properties. Protein-ligand interactions were evaluated through molecular docking using AutoDockTools 1.5.7, followed by the analysis of structural stability using coarse-grained simulations with CABS Flex 2.0. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed using Desmond 7.2 and the OPLS4 force field to explore how Karanjin interacts with proteins over 100 nanoseconds, focusing on the dynamics and structural stability. RESULTS Karanjin, a phytochemical from Pongamia pinnata, shows superior drug candidate potential compared to common medications, offering advantages in efficacy and reduced side effects. It adheres to drug-likeness criteria and exhibits optimal ADMET properties, including moderate solubility, high gastrointestinal absorption and blood-brain barrier penetration. Molecular docking revealed Karanjin's highest binding energy against receptor 3L2M (Pig pancreatic alpha-amylase) at -9.1 kcal/mol, indicating strong efficacy potential. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed stable ligand-protein complexes with minor fluctuations in RMSD and RMSF, suggesting robust interactions with receptors 3L2M. CONCLUSION Karanjin demonstrates potential in pharmaceutical expansion for treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes, as supported by computational analysis. Prospects for Karanjin in pharmaceutical development include structural modifications for enhanced efficacy and safety. Nanoencapsulation may improve bioavailability and targeted delivery to pancreatic cells, while combination therapies could optimize treatment outcomes in diabetes management. Clinical trials and experimental studies are crucial to validate its potential as a novel therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagnik Nag
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwaySelangorMalaysia
| | - B. Stany
- Department of Biomedical SciencesSchool of Bio‐Sciences & Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)VelloreTamil NaduIndia
| | - Shatakshi Mishra
- Department of Biomedical SciencesSchool of Bio‐Sciences & Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)VelloreTamil NaduIndia
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryAmrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science CampusKochiIndia
| | - Sourav Mohanto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research CentreYenepoya (Deemed to Be University)MangaloreKarnatakaIndia
| | - Mohammed Gulzar Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research CentreYenepoya (Deemed to Be University)MangaloreKarnatakaIndia
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryAmrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science CampusKochiIndia
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwaySelangorMalaysia
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Kent-Marvick J, Knysheva M, Gibson B, Simonsen SE. Why Do People Choose to Enroll or Not Enroll in the National Diabetes Prevention Program Lifestyle Change Program? A Mixed-Methods Analysis From a Sample of Adults With a Prediabetes Diagnosis. J Prim Care Community Health 2024; 15:21501319241282862. [PMID: 39305089 PMCID: PMC11418364 DOI: 10.1177/21501319241282862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) is effective; enrollment is low. Little research has examined factors driving individuals' enrollment decisions. METHODS In our final survey of a randomized trial comparing methods to increase enrollment in the DPP, we asked participants about factors impacting enrollment. We conducted interviews with a subgroup. RESULTS Participants who completed the survey (n = 299) were primarily female (96 male); middle-aged (mean 52.9, SD = 14.7); white (86%); non-Hispanic (85%). Only 19% reported awareness of the DPP prior to the study. Cost, online availability, and behavior-change motivation were the most highly rated factors influencing enrollment. The median amount participants were willing to pay for the program was $66.50. Phone interviews included 17 individuals who were/were not interested in receiving a referral to the DPP. Those interested described risk awareness, family history, social support, and healthcare-provider influence as facilitating enrollment. Cost, time, travel, unsupportive family, incomplete knowledge about the program's impact and low self-efficacy were barriers. Among those uninterested, some were already engaging in lifestyle change, and some didn't see a benefit. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that, even among high-risk individuals, efforts to increase awareness and benefits of the DPP are needed, as are efforts to address cost of enrollment and low motivation. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov protocol ID: 00132307. The Effect of 360 Video and MAPS on Enrollment in the DPP. URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04746781?id=00132307&rank=1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Knysheva
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Bryan Gibson
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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JOKAR MOZHGAN, ZANDI MITRA, EBADI ABBAS, MOMENAN AMIRABBAS, MARTINI MARIANO, BEHZADIFAR MASOUD. Adults' perceived health promotion needs in the prediabetes stage: a meta-synthesis study. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2023; 64:E411-E428. [PMID: 38379738 PMCID: PMC10876036 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2023.64.4.3152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Introduction One of the methods to promote pre-diabetic patients' adherence to preventive behaviors and improving their lifestyle is to pay attention to their needs in the designed educational programs. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of identifying the needs of individuals with prediabetes. Methodology Three databases, including ISI/Web of Sciences, PubMed, Scopus were searched without time limitation until August 2022. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. This study was reported according to the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research guidelines and to achieve the research goal, Sandelowski and Barroso's seven-step meta-synthesis method (2007) was used. Thematic synthesis was used to analyses the data. Results Out of the 1934 studies obtained, 34 studies were finally examined and 805 codes were recorded based on the extracted data. Through synthesizing and analyzing the primary studies, 8 main themes were extracted regarding individuals' needs in the prediabetes stage: Information needs, Cultural needs, psychological needs, Social support needs, Education needs, Financial needs, Service needs and Skill needs. Discussion and Conclusions The perceived needs and their types in each of the dimensions in detail can be a proper guide for designing educational programs and various interventions to control the prediabetes condition, leading to a reduction in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the society.
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Affiliation(s)
- MOZHGAN JOKAR
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - MITRA ZANDI
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - ABBAS EBADI
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Life & Health Sciences & Biotechnology of the Police, Direction of Health, Rescue & Treatment, Police Headquarter, Tehran, Iran
| | - AMIR ABBAS MOMENAN
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- TLGS Unit Manager, Tehran, Iran
| | - MARIANO MARTINI
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - MASOUD BEHZADIFAR
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Yoon S, Goh H, Phang JK, Kwan YH, Low LL. Socioeconomic and behavioral determinants of non-compliance with physician referrals following community screening for diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia: a mixed-methods study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20554. [PMID: 37996479 PMCID: PMC10667337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection of undiagnosed diabetes, hypertension or hyperlipidemia through screening could reduce healthcare costs resulting from disease complications. To date, despite ample research on the factors linked to the uptake of community health screening programs, little attention has been directed at delayed or incomplete follow-up after positive outcomes are identified in community screening tests. This study aimed to investigate the socioeconomic and behavioral factors that influence non-compliance with recommendations for primary care physician referrals, following community-based screening for diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. A parallel mixed-methods study was conducted. For quantitative data, we performed multivariable analysis on community-based chronic disease screening data. The qualitative component involved semi-structured interviews with individuals with both non-compliance and compliance with referral recommendations. Thematic data analysis was undertaken using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). The quantitative analysis showed that older age (OR = 0.92, 95%CI [0.89-0.96]), non-Chinese ethnicity (OR = 0.24; 95% CI [0.08-0.44]) and residing in 5-room public/ private housing (OR = 0.40; 95% CI [0.14-0.74]) were associated with lower odds of non-compliance with referral recommendations. Thematic analysis identified multiple behavioral-level determinants acting as enablers or barriers within 7 TDF domains: awareness of health risks after receiving screening results, self-management orientation and behavioral control, fear of formal diagnosis and concerns about healthcare cost, optimistic belief driven by the lack of symptoms, interpersonal relationship and social obligations, aversion to medication, communication at the result collection and sense of uncertainty regarding self-scheduling of appointment. Findings provide valuable implications for the development of interventions aimed at improving adherence to referral recommendation. Future endeavors should include culturally sensitive outreach, evidence-based information dissemination, family-centered education, positive public health messaging, brief counseling during result collection and an opt-out appointment system to enhance follow-up care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwon Yoon
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
- Centre for Population Health Research and Implementation (CPHRI), Singapore Health Services, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Hendra Goh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jie Kie Phang
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Population Health Research and Implementation (CPHRI), Singapore Health Services, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Heng Kwan
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Population Health Research and Implementation (CPHRI), Singapore Health Services, Singapore, Singapore
- SingHealth Internal Medicine Residency Programme, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lian Leng Low
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Population Health Research and Implementation (CPHRI), Singapore Health Services, Singapore, Singapore
- Population Health and Integrated Care Office (PHICO), Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Family Medicine and Continuing Care, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Post-Acute and Continuing Care, Outram Community Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Family Medicine Academic Clinical Program, Singapore, Singapore
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Pang J, Zhang L, Li X, Sun F, Qiu J, Zhao Y, Wang J, Liu L, Wan X, Zhang Y. Identification of factors associated with fear of hypoglycemia using the capability, opportunity, motivation and behavior model in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:1405-1415. [PMID: 37380727 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02132-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To examined the relationship between fear of hypoglycemia and certain variables in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior model, combined with the context unique to people with diabetes to provide a basis for developing targeted nursing interventions. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 212 people with T2DM were recruited from February 2021 to July 2021. Data were collected using the Hypoglycaemia Fear Survey, Gold score, Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) scale and Diabetic Self-Management Attitudes Scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the predictors of fear of hypoglycemia using SPSS 26.0. RESULTS The mean fear of hypoglycemia score was 74.88 ± 18.28 (range: 37.00-132.00). In people with T2DM, the frequency of blood glucose monitoring, the frequency of hypoglycemia in the past half-year, degree of understanding of hypoglycemia, impaired awareness of hypoglycemia, PACIC, and self-management attitude of diabetes were the influencing factors of fear of hypoglycemia (adjusted R2 = 0.560, F[21,190] = 13.800, P < 0.001). These variables explained 56.0% of the variance in the fear of hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS The level of fear of hypoglycemia in people with T2DM was relatively high. In addition to paying attention to the disease characteristics of people with T2DM, medical staff should also pay attention to patients' own perception and handling ability of disease and hypoglycemia, attitude toward self-management behavior and external environment support, all of which have a positive effect on improving the fear of hypoglycemia in people with T2DM, optimizing the self-management level and improving quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pang
- School of Nursing School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Nursing School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiangning Li
- School of Nursing School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fenfen Sun
- School of Nursing School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiahui Qiu
- School of Nursing School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yueqi Zhao
- School of Nursing School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinping Wang
- Yangzhou University Affiliated Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lin Liu
- School of Nursing School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wan
- School of Nursing School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Nursing School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China.
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13
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Wang Z, Shi Q, Zeng Y, Li Y. Experiences and perceptions of self-management in people with prediabetes: A qualitative meta-synthesis. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:5886-5903. [PMID: 37016501 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes has become a global public health problem. Strengthening the self-management ability of people with prediabetes plays an important role in preventing the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study is to synthesise the self-management experiences and perceptions of people with prediabetes, which can contribute to the development of self-management programs. METHODS This review adheres to the ENTREQ Guide. Evidence-based medicine database (JBI and Cochrane) and original literature database (PubMed, Medline, EMbase, Web of Science, Wanfang, CNKI and VIP) were searched up to 31 May 2022. Both Chinese and English literature of qualitative research on self-management experiences and perceptions of prediabetic patients were included. The quality of the included studies was evaluated, and the data were synthesised and analysed by thematic synthesis method. RESULTS A total of 23 primary studies containing 504 participants were included. After repeated reading and coding of the literature, three analytical themes were finally identified: coping with role management, success and failure in medical management, seeking and perceiving support. CONCLUSION Role management for people with prediabetes needs more attention. Healthcare providers should identify problems from patients' self-management experiences and improve professional skills to assist program modifications. Integrating the self-management program into community activities under the guidance of medical staff and inviting family members and peers to participate can increase involvement and improve the self-management ability. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE These findings describe the different stages and issues in the self-management process of prediabetic patients. The practice of prediabetes self-management should incorporate the psychosocial, physical, and financial issues of the patients. As the main provider of health services, nurses should make patients aware of the susceptibility and severity of prediabetes and help them improve their self-management skills. NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This is a meta-synthesis without direct participation of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Wang
- Faculty of Nursing, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qifang Shi
- Faculty of Nursing, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Faculty of Nursing, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuzhe Li
- Faculty of Nursing, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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