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Peng H, Ren J, Zhao Y, Fang X, Wang X, Liu C, Wan Z. Unraveling the Connection between PCOS and renal Complications: Current insights and Future Directions. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2025; 224:112235. [PMID: 40334925 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2025] [Revised: 04/24/2025] [Accepted: 05/05/2025] [Indexed: 05/09/2025]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents the most prevalent endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, affecting approximately 5-18% of females worldwide. Characterized by irregular ovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries, hyperandrogenism is the defining feature. Recent evidence highlights that, in addition to its notable reproductive and metabolic consequences, PCOS may also contribute to an elevated risk of renal complications. This increased risk is attributed to chronic low-grade inflammation, hormonal dysregulation, and disturbances in lipid metabolism inherent to the condition. However, the pathological mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and progression of secondary renal damage in this cohort remain insufficiently studied. This review consolidates current understanding of the relationship between PCOS and chronic kidney disease (CKD), aiming to clarify potential mechanisms by which PCOS may induce secondary renal dysfunction, encompassing both direct renal impairment and indirect damage mediated through systemic alterations. Furthermore, it advocates for comprehensive management strategies to mitigate renal risks in patients with PCOS, emphasizing the necessity of multidisciplinary approaches and further research to address these critical gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Peng
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Junyi Ren
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Department of Health Management Center & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyi Fang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhengwei Wan
- Department of Health Management Center & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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Usatiuc LO, Pârvu M, Pop RM, Uifălean A, Vălean D, Surd A, Țicolea M, Hîruța A, Ranga F, Cătoi FA, Cătană C, Pârvu AE. Therapeutic Potential of Lythrum salicaria L. Ethanol Extract in Experimental Rat Models of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus and Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2025; 14:573. [PMID: 40427455 PMCID: PMC12108253 DOI: 10.3390/antiox14050573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2025] [Revised: 04/29/2025] [Accepted: 05/07/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are prevalent endocrine disorders with overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is commonly associated with PCOS, with both conditions strongly linked to insulin resistance (IR), while recent studies have also reported an increased prevalence of PCOS among women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This study evaluated the potential of Lythrum salicaria L. ethanol extract (LSEE) to mitigate oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and metabolic and hormonal imbalances in separate experimental models of Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM and Letrozole (LET)-induced PCOS. LSEE underwent phytochemical analysis to quantify total phenolic and flavonoid content and HPLC-MS for polyphenols identification. In vitro, antioxidant capacity was investigated through FRAP, DPPH, NO, and H2O2 scavenging assays. Subsequently, in vivo, studies utilized STZ-induced DM and LET-induced PCOS rat models, with 10-day treatments of LSEE, metformin, or trolox (TX) administered by gavage. Dysregulation of hormonal profiles, ultrasound, and histological examinations confirmed PCOS development. At the end of the treatment period, serum samples were collected to assess OS markers (TOS, OSI, MDA, AOPP, 8-OHdG, NO, 3-NT, AGEs, TAR, SH) in both models. Inflammatory markers were also measured (IL-1β, NF-κB, IL-18, and Gasdermin D in DM and IL-1β, NF-κB, IL-18, and IL-10 in PCOS). Additionally, metabolic markers (glucose, lipids, TG-glucose index, liver enzymes) were assessed in DM rats, and hormones (LH, FSH, estrogen, testosterone, insulin, HOMA-IR) were determined in PCOS rats. LSEE demonstrated a high polyphenolic content and notable in vitro antioxidant activity. In vivo, it effectively reduced OS by lowering oxidant levels and enhancing antioxidant defenses, reduced inflammatory markers and blood glucose levels, and improved lipid profiles along with the TyG index and liver injury markers in diabetic rats. In PCOS rats, LSEE lowered the total oxidants, increased antioxidants, reduced LH, FSH, testosterone, and insulin, and increased estrogen levels. The effects exhibited a dose-dependent pattern, with higher doses producing more pronounced benefits comparable to those observed with metformin and TX. In conclusion, LSEE may be a promising complementary treatment for DM and PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Oxana Usatiuc
- Pathophysiology, Department 2—Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.O.U.); (A.U.); (M.Ț.); (F.A.C.); (A.E.P.)
| | - Marcel Pârvu
- Department of Taxonomy, Faculty of Biology and Geology, “Babes-Bolyai” University, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Raluca Maria Pop
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Department 2—Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ana Uifălean
- Pathophysiology, Department 2—Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.O.U.); (A.U.); (M.Ț.); (F.A.C.); (A.E.P.)
| | - Dan Vălean
- Surgery Department, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Adrian Surd
- Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, Department of Mother and Child, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Mădălina Țicolea
- Pathophysiology, Department 2—Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.O.U.); (A.U.); (M.Ț.); (F.A.C.); (A.E.P.)
| | - Ana Hîruța
- Pathology Department, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Floricuța Ranga
- Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Florinela Adriana Cătoi
- Pathophysiology, Department 2—Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.O.U.); (A.U.); (M.Ț.); (F.A.C.); (A.E.P.)
| | - Corina Cătană
- Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, Faculty of Horticulture and Business in Rural Development, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Alina Elena Pârvu
- Pathophysiology, Department 2—Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.O.U.); (A.U.); (M.Ț.); (F.A.C.); (A.E.P.)
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Geng L, Yang X, Sun J, Ran X, Zhou D, Ye M, Wen L, Wang R, Chen M. Gut Microbiota Modulation by Inulin Improves Metabolism and Ovarian Function in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2025; 12:e2412558. [PMID: 40192074 PMCID: PMC12120758 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202412558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2025] [Indexed: 06/01/2025]
Abstract
The management of metabolic disorder associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been suggested as an effective approach to improve PCOS which is highly involved with gut microbiota, while the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, we investigated the role of inulin, a gut microbiota regulator, in the alleviation of PCOS. Our findings showed that inulin treatment significantly improved hyperandrogenism and glucolipid metabolism in both PCOS cohort and mice. Consistent with the cohort, inulin increased the abundance of microbial co-abundance group (CAG) 12 in PCOS mice, including Bifidobacterium species and other short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producers. We further verified the enhancement of SCFAs biosynthesis capacity and fecal SCFAs content by inulin. Moreover, inulin decreased lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and ameliorated ovarian inflammation in PCOS mice, whereas intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration reversed the protective effects of inulin. Furthermore, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from inulin-treated patients with PCOS enhanced insulin sensitivity, improved lipid accumulation and thermogenesis, reduced hyperandrogenism and ovarian inflammatory response in antibiotic-treated mice. Collectively, these findings revealed that gut microbiota mediates the beneficial effects of inulin on metabolic disorder and ovarian dysfunction in PCOS. Therefore, modulating gut microbiota represents a promising therapeutic strategy for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Geng
- Centre for Assisted ReproductionShanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal‐Fetal MedicineShanghai Institute of Maternal‐Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic OncologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Xin Yang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health ServiceShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai201203China
- Section of Endocrinology, Internal MedicineSchool of MedicineYale UniversityNew HavenCT06520USA
| | - Jiani Sun
- Centre for Assisted ReproductionShanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal‐Fetal MedicineShanghai Institute of Maternal‐Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic OncologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Ximing Ran
- Department of Biostatistics and BioinformaticsRollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Dan Zhou
- Centre for Assisted ReproductionShanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal‐Fetal MedicineShanghai Institute of Maternal‐Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic OncologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Mingming Ye
- Centre for Assisted ReproductionShanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal‐Fetal MedicineShanghai Institute of Maternal‐Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic OncologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Li Wen
- Section of Endocrinology, Internal MedicineSchool of MedicineYale UniversityNew HavenCT06520USA
| | - Ruirui Wang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health ServiceShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai201203China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai201203China
| | - Miaoxin Chen
- Centre for Assisted ReproductionShanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal‐Fetal MedicineShanghai Institute of Maternal‐Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic OncologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200092China
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Chen L, Yan H, Nie J. Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study Reveals Causal Associations Between Aging and Endometriosis. Int J Womens Health 2025; 17:1027-1037. [PMID: 40247858 PMCID: PMC12005205 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s504181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2025] [Indexed: 04/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have suggested that aging may influence reproductive functions of female. Nonetheless, the causal relationship between aging and endometriosis has yet to be completely understood. Objective This study aims to determine whether aging had a causal association with the incidence of endometriosis. Methods We conducted bidirectional MR analyses to evaluate the causal relationship between aging biomarkers, particularly leukocyte telomere length (LTL), and endometriosis risk. Instrumental variables for LTL were derived from the UK Biobank GWAS, while endometriosis-associated variants were obtained from the FinnGen GWAS dataset. Subgroup analyses were performed to investigate the association between LTL and endometriosis subtypes. Additionally, validation was performed using independent GWAS meta-analysis datasets. Results Inverse variance-weighted (IVW) analysis revealed a significant association between longer LTL and an increased risk of endometriosis (OR-IVW = 1.276, 95% CI: 1.143 to 1.424, FDR-adjusted P = 7.00E-5), with consistent findings across multiple MR methods. Sensitivity analysis using an independent GWAS meta-analysis dataset did not confirm the LTL-endometriosis association (OR-IVW = 1.128, 95% CI: 0.140 to 9.115, P = 0.910). Bidirectional MR analysis found no causal relationship between endometriosis and LTL. Subgroup analyses indicated that longer LTL was significantly associated with endometriosis of the ovary (OR-IVW = 1.343, 95% CI: 1.143 to 1.577, P = 3.00E-4) and endometriosis of the rectovaginal septum and vagina (OR-IVW = 1.336, 95% CI: 1.064 to 1.676, P = 0.013), while no significant association was found with endometriosis of the pelvic peritoneum. Conclusion Our findings suggest that longer LTL may contribute to an increased risk of endometriosis, particularly in ovarian and rectovaginal subtypes. However, no causal effect of endometriosis on aging was observed. The lack of replication in independent datasets highlights the potential influence of population heterogeneity and dataset-specific factors, warranting further validation in diverse cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Chen
- Hysteroscoy Center, Shanghai Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han Yan
- Department of General Gynecology, Shanghai Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jichan Nie
- Department of General Gynecology, Shanghai Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, People’s Republic of China
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Fan W, Zhai F, Yuan Z, Hu G, Wang L. The Mechanism of Xuanyu Tongjing Decoction Regulating NOD/NFκB Pathway to Inhibit Ectopic Tissue Inflammation to Reduce Ovarian Damage in Rats with Ovarian Endometriosis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2025; 19:2717-2735. [PMID: 40231194 PMCID: PMC11994466 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s500129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2025] [Indexed: 04/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction In traditional Chinese medicine texts, Xuanyu Tongjing Decoction (XYTJD) is a prescribed remedy for premenstrual belly pain and dysmenorrhea. It is currently routinely used to treat ovarian endometriosis (OEM) with good outcomes. Aim In order to investigate the underlying processes of Xuanyu Tongjing Decoction in treating OEM inflammation and reducing ovarian damage. Methods We created a rat model of OEM and carried out transcriptome sequencing. Batch molecular docking technique in conjunction with Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-high-resolution mass spectrometry was used to screen the main active components in Xuanyu Tongjing Decoction. Results The ectopic cyst was firmly attached to the ovary in our successfully created rat model of ovarian endometriosis. According to GSEA enrichment study, XYTJD may up-regulate pathways linked to oocyte formation in ovarian tissues and down-regulate immunological and inflammatory pathways in ectopic tissues. Rat ectopic tissues and human ectopic tissues showed a similar pattern in the expression of the NOD/NFκB pathway during the proliferative phase. In ectopic tissues of rats, XYTJD may down-regulate the NOD/NFκB pathway and suppress the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β, which are downstream inflammatory factors in this pathway. In addition, XYTJD may restore the down-regulation of cAMP/PI3K/AKT and lower the expression of apoptotic factor CASP9, endoplasmic reticulum stress protein SEC61B and antioxidant protein GSTM5 in the ovary with ectopic tissue attachment. Following identification, the three samples' intersection included 10 active compounds in total. There was a 21-component overlap in active ingredients between rat and human serum. After a preliminary virtual screening, β-Hederin, Proanthocyanidin A2, and Cimiside E were suggested to be the essential components that interfere with NOD/NFκB. Conclusion In rats with proliferative OEM, XYTJD may down-regulate the NOD/NFκB pathway in ectopic tissues, consequently alleviating ovarian tissue damage by reducing inflammation brought on by ectopic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weisen Fan
- Department of Gynecology, Guang ‘anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengting Zhai
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Yuan
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guotao Hu
- Department of Gynecology, Guang ‘anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250013, People’s Republic of China
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Sarvestani M, Rajabzadeh A, Salimian M, Mazoochi T, Ghavipanjeh G. Ameliorative Effect of Combined Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells plus Platelet-rich Plasma on Polycystic Ovarian Model in Rats: A Biochemical and Histological Study. Reprod Sci 2025; 32:907-918. [PMID: 39856459 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-025-01791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of infertility in women, characterized by metabolic and hormonal irregularities. We investigated the effects of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PDMSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP), as well as their combination on follicular development, hormonal profile, inflammatory parameters, and insulin resistance in a model of PCOS. In this study, 25 female Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups: Sham (given a dose of 1 mL of a 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) solution), PCOS (administered 1 mg/kg of letrozole (LTZ) dissolved in CMC for 21 days), PDMSC (treated with a single intraovarian dose of PDMSCs), PRP (treated with a single intraovarian dose of PRP), and a combined PDMSC and PRP-treated group. After two weeks, serum and ovarian samples were collected for biochemical and histological analyses. Our results demonstrated that the simultaneous administration of PDMSCs and PRP had a synergistic effect compared to monotherapy, leading to an increase in estradiol (E2) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) serum levels, a decrease in luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone levels, as well as inflammatory factors. Moreover, the combined therapy was associated with significantly lower levels of the homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting insulin (FINS), and blood glucose (FBG) compared to monotherapy. The combined treatment also caused a significant reduction in cystic follicles and an elevated number of corpus luteum, primordial, primary, secondary, and antral follicles. In conclusion, the combination of PRP and PDMSCs may have an ameliorative effect on modifying metabolic abnormalities and accelerating ovarian regeneration in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Sarvestani
- Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Alireza Rajabzadeh
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Morteza Salimian
- Department of medical laboratory, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Tahereh Mazoochi
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Ghavipanjeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Pich K, Respekta-Długosz N, Dawid M, Rame C, Smolińska N, Dupont J, Rak A. In vitro effect of omentin-1 on level of other adipokines in granulosa cells from ovaries of Large White and Meishan pigs. Anim Reprod Sci 2025; 274:107783. [PMID: 39889341 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2024] [Revised: 12/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2025] [Indexed: 02/03/2025]
Abstract
Omentin-1, also known as intelectin-1 (ITLN1), is an adipokine produced by visceral adipose tissue and effect on improve insulin sensitivity, regulate energy metabolism and reproduction. Our previously data has shown that ITLN1 expression in porcine ovarian follicles is influenced by both the level of adiposity and the phase of the estrous cycle. Additionally, recent studies have indicated variations in the serum levels of adipokines in pigs with higher fat content, suggest their common interaction. It was therefore hypothesized that ITLN1 regulates the levels of other adipokines and their receptors in the ovary of pigs with different fat content. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effect of ITLN1 (10-100 ng/mL) on the levels of other adipokines, namely adiponectin, apelin, leptin, chemerin, resistin, visfatin, and vaspin in the culture medium, assessed by ELISA. In addition, the effect of ITLN1 on the mRNA expression of the above-mentioned adipokines with their receptors was investigated using RT-qPCR in granulosa cells (Gc) from normal weight Large White (LW) and fat Meishan (MS) pigs on days 10-12 of the estrous cycle. The results showed that ITLN1 reduced apelin levels, increased leptin, and had no effect on vaspin in the culture medium. ITLN1 was found to have a modulating effect on the mRNA expression of the other adipokines with their receptors in porcine Gc. It can, therefore, be proposed that ITLN1 represents a previously unidentified auto- and paracrine regulator of the functions of ovarian microenvironmental compartments in different types of pig breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pich
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland
| | - Natalia Respekta-Długosz
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Dawid
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland
| | - Christelle Rame
- INRAE, Unité Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
| | - Nina Smolińska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- INRAE, Unité Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
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Sirotkin AV. Effects, Mechanisms of Action and Application of Vitex agnus-castus for Improvement of Health and Female Reproduction. Phytother Res 2025; 39:1484-1493. [PMID: 39853839 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 12/10/2024] [Accepted: 12/30/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2025]
Abstract
This narrative review describes the provenance and chemical composition of Vitex agnus-castus , as well as the currently available knowledge concerning its action. To search the related articles, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS databases between the years 1995 and 2024, and the keywords "Vitex," "review," "fertility," "ovarian" and "mechanisms" were used in various combinations. The data listed in this review demonstrate that Vitex agnus-castus and its constituents (isoflavones and essential oils) affect a number of physiological actions via multiple extra- and intracellular mechanisms of action. This makes it an efficient drug in both traditional and modern medicine for the treatment of a number of illnesses. The main described target of Vitex agnus-castus is female reproduction. It can up-regulate ovarian cycle and fecundity via a wide spectrum of mediators from hypothalamic, pituitary and ovarian hormones up to intracellular regulators of proliferation, apoptosis, oxidation and dopamine receptors. These effects determine its potential action as protector and medicine against a number of female reproductive disorders and reproduction-related health problems including menstrual disorders, premenstrual syndrome, cyclic mastalgia, corpus luteum insufficiency, abnormal production of progesterone and prolactin, low fertility and infertility, hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Nevertheless, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the biological and clinical efficacy of this plant.
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Jiang Y, Li Y, Huang Y. Circulating cytokines levels and the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome: A Mendelian randomization analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2025; 104:e41359. [PMID: 40020129 PMCID: PMC11875618 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000041359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025] Open
Abstract
This study utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal relationship between circulating cytokines and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and to identify potential biomarkers of PCOS mechanisms. Genetic instrumental variables for cytokines were derived from 2 large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) involving 8293 and 14,824 European participants. Summary statistics from a GWAS meta-analysis (10,074 PCOS cases and 103,164 controls of European ancestry) were used in the discovery phase of MR analysis. Replication analysis utilized another GWAS meta-analysis dataset (3609 cases and 229,788 controls). The primary analysis employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, with secondary methods including constrained maximum likelihood model averaging, weighted median, and weighted mode. Meta-analysis was combined with MR results, while heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were assessed using leave-one-out, MR-Egger intercept test, and Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results. Reverse MR analysis was used to explore the association of PCOS with the identified cytokines. Meta-analysis revealed that increased CCL4 (C-C motif chemokine 4) levels were associated with a higher risk of PCOS (odds ratio [OR] = 1.123, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.056-1.195; P < .001). Decreased PCOS risk was linked to CXCL11 (C-X-C motif chemokine 11, OR = 0.930, 95% CI: 0.890-0.970; IVW-false discovery rate [FDR] P = 4.85 × 10-4) and CD6 (T-cell surface glycoprotein CD6 isoform, OR = 0.730, 95% CI: 0.890-0.970; IVW-FDR P = .008). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the findings. MR analysis suggests a potential causal link between alterations in CCL4, CXCL11, CD6, and PCOS risk, highlighting the role of cytokines in PCOS development and progression, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Jiang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Traditional, Beijing, China
| | - Yunqing Li
- Gynecology Department, Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhua Huang
- Gynecology Department, Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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10
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Lin C, Wu Q, Luo Z, Du J, Hong ST, Chae HS. Association Between Triglyceride-Glucose Related Index and Endometriosis Varies According to Educational Level. Nutrients 2025; 17:670. [PMID: 40004998 PMCID: PMC11858264 DOI: 10.3390/nu17040670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2025] [Accepted: 02/10/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) level, its obesity-related derivatives, and the occurrence of endometriosis (EMS) remains ambiguous, particularly in individuals with higher levels of education. This study sought to explore the relationship between TyG, its obesity-related derivatives, and EMS across various educational backgrounds. METHODS This study utilized a substantial dataset obtained from four cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 1999 and 2006. To explore the relationship between TyG, its obesity-related derivatives, and EMS, we employed a variety of analytical methods, including multivariable logistic regression models, smooth curve fitting, threshold effect analysis, and subgroup analysis, which were applied to participants with varying educational levels. RESULTS Among the 2347 participants, 203 (8.65%) were diagnosed with EMS. In the overall population, only the TyG, TyG-waist-to-height ratio (TyG-WHtR), and TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC) variables demonstrated a positive association with EMS. However, within the group with high educational attainment, TyG, TyG-WHtR, TyG-WC, and TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI) all exhibited positive correlations with EMS. These associations remained robust after adjustment for multiple potential confounding variables. The subgroup analysis demonstrated that these associations were consistent across different subgroups (p > 0.05). Furthermore, both linear and nonlinear relationships were observed between TyG and its obesity-related derivatives and EMS, as evidenced by the smooth curve fittings and threshold effect analyses. In contrast, no significant associations were identified in the group with lower levels of education. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that there is variation in the association between TyG and its obesity-related derivatives and EMS across different educational levels, warranting further investigation. In individuals with higher education, elevated levels of TyG and its obesity-related derivatives were associated with a higher prevalence of EMS. Conversely, this correlation was not observed among those with lower educational levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 501-757, Republic of Korea;
| | - Qian Wu
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhao Luo
- Department of Urology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiacheng Du
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 501-757, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hee-Suk Chae
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 501-757, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 501-757, Republic of Korea
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Rodrigues VD, Boaro BL, Laurindo LF, Chagas EFB, de Lima EP, Laurindo LF, Barbalho SM. Exploring the benefits of astaxanthin as a functional food ingredient: Its effects on oxidative stress and reproductive outcomes in women with PCOS - A systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2025; 398:1155-1169. [PMID: 39269488 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03432-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent gynecological-endocrinological disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularities, and metabolic disturbances. Recent research has highlighted the role of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation in exacerbating PCOS symptoms and impeding reproductive outcomes. Astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant found in marine organisms, has been suggested as a potential therapeutic intervention due to its ability to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. This meta-analysis systematically reviews randomized controlled trials assessing the impact of astaxanthin supplementation on oxidative stress and reproductive outcomes in women with PCOS. Data from four trials were analyzed, focusing on markers of oxidative stress and reproductive health metrics. The meta-analysis utilized fixed and random-effects models to synthesize results, with heterogeneity assessed using Chi-square and I2 statistics. The findings indicate that while astaxanthin significantly improves markers of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in follicular fluid, it does not show a consistent effect on other oxidative stress biomarkers such as malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), or superoxide dismutase (SOD). Reproductive outcomes, including oocyte quality and the number of high-quality embryos, showed moderate improvements, although effects on fertilization rates and pregnancy outcomes were insignificant. The analysis highlights variability in study designs and dosing, suggesting a need for further research with standardized protocols and larger sample sizes. Future studies should focus on determining optimal dosing, exploring mechanistic pathways, and investigating the combined effects of astaxanthin with other interventions. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess long-term benefits and safety, and personalized approaches could enhance treatment efficacy for individuals with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victória Dogani Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, São Paulo, 17519-030, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Leme Boaro
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, São Paulo, 17519-030, Brazil
| | - Lívia Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de São José Do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15090-000, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Federighi Baisi Chagas
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, 17525-902, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Enzo Pereira de Lima
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, São Paulo, 17519-030, Brazil.
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, 17525-902, Brazil.
- Department of Administration, Associate Degree in Hospital Management, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, 17525-902, Brazil.
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, 17525-902, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, 17525-902, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília, São Paulo, 17500-000, Brazil
- UNIMAR Charity Hospital, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, 17525-902, Brazil
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12
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Han Y, Dai Y, Wang K, Zhang X, Shao Z, Zhu X. Post-pandemic insights on COVID-19 and premature ovarian insufficiency. Open Life Sci 2025; 20:20221028. [PMID: 39886482 PMCID: PMC11780258 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2024] [Revised: 11/25/2024] [Accepted: 11/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2025] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns regarding its potential impact on premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). This overview examines the possible interactions between COVID-19 and POI, while also suggesting preventive measures. The viral infection's inflammatory response and immune dysregulation may adversely affect ovarian tissues, leading to inflammation and damage. Additionally, alterations in vascular function could impair ovarian blood flow and hormonal imbalances may disrupt normal ovarian function. Long-term health effects, such as "long COVID," may exacerbate these issues through chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction. Public health measures, such as vaccination and home isolation, may indirectly protect ovarian health by reducing systemic inflammation. Vaccines could mitigate the severity of COVID-19's impact on ovarian function, while isolation may reduce stress and inflammation. However, further research is needed to validate these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaguang Han
- Department of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yang Dai
- Department of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Department of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Zishen Shao
- Department of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 411 Guogeli Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150006, P.R. China
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13
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Xu T, Zhuang Y, Cao H, Yang J. Association between triglyceride-glucose index and endometriosis: results from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2025; 15:1388570. [PMID: 39850480 PMCID: PMC11753958 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1388570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been found to be associated with female reproductive disorders, but its relationship with the risk of endometriosis is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate this relationship. METHODS We performed a two-sample mendelian randomization(MR) analysis to examine the causal effect of TyG index on endometriosis, and inverse variance weighting(IVW) was the main method of analysis. Then, we selected 1484 participants with endometriosis from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2006. Weighted multivariable-adjusted logistic regression and smoothed curve analysis were used to evaluate the correlation between the TyG index and endometriosis. RESULTS The results of MR analysis confirmed that higher TyG index was causally associated with the risk of endometriosis (OR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.05-1.54, P=0.01). In the cross-sectional study, subjects in the highest quartile of TyG index had the highest risk of incident endometriosis after adjusting for covariates(OR = 2.41, 95% CI:1.31-4.44, P for trend <0.01). The smoothed curve analysis also revealed a positive linear correlation between TyG index and endometriosis. CONCLUSION Our study confirms that a higher TyG index is associated with an increased risk of endometriosis by MR analysis and cross-sectional study. These findings suggested that TyG index could serve as a biomarker in identifying individuals who may be at a higher risk for developing endometriosis. Further research is needed to explore the potential clinical implications of these findings and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms behind this observed relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Department of Ambulatory Surgical Center, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Ambulatory Surgical Center, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huabin Cao
- Department of Ambulatory Surgical Center, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingqi Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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14
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Chen Z, Li R, Guo J, Ye X, Zhou Y, Cao M. Association between remnant cholesterol (RC) and endometriosis: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES data. Lipids Health Dis 2025; 24:2. [PMID: 39754185 PMCID: PMC11699680 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02422-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2024] [Accepted: 12/27/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research indicates a potential link between dyslipidemia and endometriosis (EMs). However, the relationship between remnant cholesterol (RC) and EMs has not been thoroughly investigated. Consequently, looking into and clarifying the connection between RC and EMs was the primary goal of this study. METHODS Following the screening of participants from the NHANES dataset spanning 2001 to 2006, a total of 1,840 individuals were incorporated into this research. A weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis was first performed to investigate the relation between RC and the likelihood of encountering EMs. To assess the degree of consistency in the link between RC and EMs across different populations, additional subgroup analyses were performed. In addition, the researchers used the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) technique and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) to evaluate how well RC recognized EMs. Lastly, both linear and nonlinear relationships were validated using generalized additive models (GAM), while dose-response connections were investigated through restricted cubic spline models. RESULTS After accounting for all potential confounders, a strong correlation between RC and EMs was identified. In particular, an increase of one unit in RC was linked to a 135% rise in the likelihood of developing EMs. Analyses of subgroups revealed that these relationships remained stable across the majority of subgroups (interaction P-value > 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated RC's independent predictive value, maintaining statistical significance after adjusting for confounders. The AUC of 0.614 suggests RC's moderate ability to discriminate EMs, outperforming traditional markers like LDL-C in sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, XGBoost analysis identified RC as the most critical predictor among lipid-related and demographic variables. The relationship was further validated through GAM, which visually confirmed a linear trend, and RCS, which provided statistical evidence of linearity. CONCLUSION This study reveals a clear connection between RC and the likelihood of having EMs within the US population, suggesting RC as a potential marker for further investigation in understanding endometriosis risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeru Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Ruixuan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Health Management, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jiajie Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiaorong Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Health Management, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Mingzhu Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Ahmed M, Riaz U, Lv H, Amjad M, Ahmed S, Ali S, Ghani MU, Hua G, Yang L. Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Restores NAD + Levels to Alleviate LPS-Induced Inflammation via the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathway in Mice Granulosa Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 14:39. [PMID: 39857373 PMCID: PMC11762685 DOI: 10.3390/antiox14010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2024] [Revised: 12/24/2024] [Accepted: 12/28/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Inflammation disrupts the normal function of granulosa cells (GCs), which leads to ovarian dysfunction and fertility decline. Inflammatory conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), endometriosis, and age-related ovarian decline are often associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is an important precursor of NAD+ and has gained attention for its potential to modulate cellular metabolism, redox homeostasis, and mitigate inflammation. This study investigated the protective roles of NMN against lipopolysaccharide LPS-mediated inflammation in GCs. The results of this experiment demonstrated that LPS had negative effects on GCs in term of reduced viability and proliferation rates and upregulated the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Notably, the levels of NAD+ and NAD+/NADH ratio in GCs were reduced in response to inflammation. On the other hand, NMN supplementation restored the NAD+ levels and the NAD+/NADH ratio in GCs and significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory markers at both mRNA and protein levels. It also enhanced cell viability and proliferation rates of GCs. Furthermore, NMN also reduced apoptosis rates in GCs by downregulating pro-apoptotic markers, including Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and Bax while upregulating anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2. NMN supplementation significantly reduced reactive oxygen species ROS and improved steroidogenesis activity by restoring the estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels in LPS-treated GCs. Mechanistically, this study found that NMN suppressed the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways in GCs, which regulates inflammatory processes. In conclusion, the findings of this study revealed that NMN has the potential to reduce LPS-mediated inflammatory changes in GCs by modulating NAD+ metabolism and inflammatory signaling pathways. NMN supplementation can be used as a potential therapeutic agent for ovarian inflammation and related fertility disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehboob Ahmed
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Umair Riaz
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Haimiao Lv
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Amjad
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sohail Ahmed
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shaokat Ali
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | | | - Guohua Hua
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liguo Yang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Shi M, Li X, Xing L, Li Z, Zhou S, Wang Z, Zou X, She Y, Zhao R, Qin D. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the Potential for Nanomaterial-Based Drug Delivery in Therapy of This Disease. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:1556. [PMID: 39771535 PMCID: PMC11678845 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16121556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2024] [Revised: 11/26/2024] [Accepted: 12/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the predominant endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age and represents the leading cause of anovulatory infertility, which imposes a considerable health and economic burden. Currently, medications used to treat PCOS can lead to certain adverse reactions, such as affecting fertility and increasing the risk of venous thrombosis. Drug delivery systems utilizing nanomaterials, characterized by prolonged half-life, precision-targeted delivery, enhanced bioavailability, and reduced toxicity, are currently being employed in the management of PCOS. This innovative approach is gaining traction as a favored strategy for augmenting the therapeutic efficacy of medications. Consequently, this paper discusses the roles of nanoparticles, nanocarriers, and targeted ligands within nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems, aiming to identify optimal methodologies for treating PCOS using nanomaterials. Additionally, prospective research avenues concerning nanomaterial-based delivery systems in the context of PCOS, as well as the implications of existing insights on the advancement of novel therapies for PCOS, are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqin Shi
- First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (M.S.); (L.X.)
| | - Xinyao Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (X.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Liwei Xing
- First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (M.S.); (L.X.)
| | - Zhenmin Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China;
| | - Sitong Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (X.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Zihui Wang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China;
| | - Xuelian Zou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (X.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yuqing She
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (X.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Rong Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (M.S.); (L.X.)
| | - Dongdong Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (X.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.S.)
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17
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Alesi S, Teede H, Moran L, Enticott J, De Silva K, Mousa A. Exploring Causal Associations Between Serum Inflammatory Markers and Female Reproductive Disorders: A Mendelian Randomisation Study. Biomolecules 2024; 14:1544. [PMID: 39766252 PMCID: PMC11674023 DOI: 10.3390/biom14121544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2024] [Revised: 11/25/2024] [Accepted: 11/29/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Although inflammation may disrupt immunoendocrine crosstalk essential for female reproductive function, causal links to disorders like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis remain unestablished. This study aimed to utilise Mendelian randomisation (MR) methods to explore causal associations between serum inflammatory markers and common reproductive disorders, aiming to identify novel mechanisms and potential avenues for treatment. Total causal effects of serum inflammatory markers (interleukins, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, etc.) on female reproductive disorders in large sample cohorts of Finnish ancestry were assessed using univariable two-sample MR methods, including the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary analysis, with relevant quality assessments (e.g., leave-one out, heterogeneity, and horizontal pleiotropy testing). The main outcome measures were PCOS (642 cases and 118,228 controls) and endometriosis (8288 cases and 68,969 controls) from the FINNGEN cohort. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/C-C motif chemokine ligand demonstrated a positive causal association with polycystic ovary syndrome (odds ratio [95% CI]: 1.48 [1.10, 2.00], p = 0.0097), while higher interleukin-9 levels were positively associated with endometriosis (1.15 [1.02, 1.30], p = 0.0277), both via the IVW method. These markers should be investigated as key candidates for future research into the mechanistic pathways underpinning these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Alesi
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia (L.M.)
| | - Helena Teede
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia (L.M.)
| | - Lisa Moran
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia (L.M.)
| | - Joanne Enticott
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia (L.M.)
| | - Kushan De Silva
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Aya Mousa
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia (L.M.)
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18
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Parpex G, Chassaing B, Bourdon M, Santulli P, Doridot L, Thomas M, Batteux F, Chouzenoux S, Chapron C, Nicco C, Marcellin L. Western diet promotes endometriotic lesion growth in mice and induces depletion of Akkermansia muciniphila in intestinal microbiota. BMC Med 2024; 22:513. [PMID: 39501247 PMCID: PMC11539706 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis, affecting 10% of women in their reproductive years, remains poorly understood. Both individual and environmental unexplained factors are implicated in this heterogenous condition. This study aims to examine the influence of a Western diet on endometriosis lesion development in mice and to uncover the mechanisms involved. METHODS Mice were fed either a control diet or a Western diet (high in fatty acids and low in fiber) for 4 weeks. Endometriosis was then surgically induced, and lesion development was monitored by ultrasound. After 7 weeks, the mice were sacrificed for analysis of lesion characteristics through RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry. Additionally, the intestinal microbiota was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS Mice on the Western diet developed lesions that were significantly twice as large compared to those on the control diet. These lesions exhibited greater fibrosis and proliferation, alongside enhanced macrophage activity and leptin pathway expression. Changes in the intestinal microbiota were significantly noted after endometriosis induction, regardless of diet. Notably, mice on the Western diet with the most substantial lesions showed a loss of Akkermansia Muciniphila in their intestinal microbiota. CONCLUSIONS A Western diet significantly exacerbates lesion size in a mouse model of endometriosis, accompanied by metabolic and immune alterations. The onset of endometriosis also leads to substantial shifts in intestinal microbiota, suggesting a potential link between diet, intestinal health, and endometriosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Parpex
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics II and Reproductive Medicine (Professor Chapron), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Universitaire Paris Centre (HUPC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Cochin, 123 boulevard de Port-Royal, Paris, 75014, France.
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Cochin, Paris, Inserm, France.
| | - Benoît Chassaing
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Microbiome-Host Interaction Group, INSERM U1306, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Bourdon
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics II and Reproductive Medicine (Professor Chapron), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Universitaire Paris Centre (HUPC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Cochin, 123 boulevard de Port-Royal, Paris, 75014, France
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Cochin, Paris, Inserm, France
| | - Pietro Santulli
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics II and Reproductive Medicine (Professor Chapron), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Universitaire Paris Centre (HUPC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Cochin, 123 boulevard de Port-Royal, Paris, 75014, France
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Cochin, Paris, Inserm, France
| | - Ludivine Doridot
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Cochin, Paris, Inserm, France
| | - Marine Thomas
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Cochin, Paris, Inserm, France
| | - Frédéric Batteux
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Cochin, Paris, Inserm, France
| | | | - Charles Chapron
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics II and Reproductive Medicine (Professor Chapron), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Universitaire Paris Centre (HUPC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Cochin, 123 boulevard de Port-Royal, Paris, 75014, France
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Cochin, Paris, Inserm, France
| | - Carole Nicco
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Cochin, Paris, Inserm, France
| | - Louis Marcellin
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics II and Reproductive Medicine (Professor Chapron), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Universitaire Paris Centre (HUPC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Cochin, 123 boulevard de Port-Royal, Paris, 75014, France
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Cochin, Paris, Inserm, France
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19
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Naveed M, Hill JW. The Underlying Effect of Urate Levels on Female Infertility. Metabolites 2024; 14:564. [PMID: 39452945 PMCID: PMC11509475 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14100564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2024] [Revised: 10/17/2024] [Accepted: 10/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Female infertility is a complex and multifaceted condition that affects millions of women globally [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA;
| | - Jennifer W. Hill
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA;
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
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20
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Lu Y, Yao Y, Zhai S, Ni F, Wang J, Chen F, Zhang Y, Li H, Hu H, Zhang H, Yu B, Chen H, Huang X, Ding W, Lu D. The role of immune cell signatures in the pathogenesis of ovarian-related diseases: a causal inference based on Mendelian randomization. Int J Surg 2024; 110:6541-6550. [PMID: 38884272 PMCID: PMC11486969 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune cells play a pivotal role in maintaining ovarian function. However, the specific contributions of different immune cell phenotypes to the pathogenesis of specific ovarian-related diseases remain poorly understood. The authors aim to investigate the correlation between 731 immunophenotypes and ovarian-related diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Utilizing publicly available genetic data, the authors undertook a series of quality control measures to identify instrumental variables associated with exposure. Subsequently, we conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using inverse variance weighting to explore the causal relationships between 731 immune cell features and six ovarian-related diseases: ovarian cysts, ovarian dysfunction, premature ovarian failure (POF), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), benign neoplasm of ovary, and malignant neoplasm of ovary at the genetic level. Sensitivity analyses, including leave-one-out and other MR analysis models, were performed. Finally, Bayesian colocalization (COLOC) analysis was employed to identify specific co-localized genes, thereby validating the MR results. RESULTS At the significance level corrected by Bonferroni, four immune phenotypes, including CD25 on IgD- CD38- B cells, were associated with ovarian cysts; four immune phenotypes, including CD39+ CD4+ T cell Absolute Count, were associated with ovarian dysfunction; eight immune phenotypes, including SSC-A on HLA DR+ CD8+ T cells, were associated with POF; five immune phenotypes, including CD20- CD38- B cell Absolute Count, were associated with PCOS; five immune phenotypes, including CD4+ CD8dim T cell Absolute Count, were associated with benign ovarian tumors; and three immune phenotypes, including BAFF-R on IgD- CD38+ B cells, were associated with malignant ovarian tumors. Sensitivity analysis indicated robust results. COLOC analysis identified four immune cell co-localized variants (rs150386792, rs117936291, rs75926368, and rs575687159) with ovarian diseases. CONCLUSION Our study elucidates the close genetic associations between immune cells and six ovarian-related diseases, thereby providing valuable insights for future research endeavors and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangguang Lu
- The First School of Medicine, School of Information and Engineering
| | - Yingyu Yao
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sijia Zhai
- The First School of Medicine, School of Information and Engineering
| | - Feitian Ni
- The Second Affiliated College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou
| | - Jingyi Wang
- The Second Affiliated College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou
| | - Feng Chen
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou
| | - Yige Zhang
- The First School of Medicine, School of Information and Engineering
| | - Haoyang Li
- The First School of Medicine, School of Information and Engineering
| | - Hantao Hu
- The First School of Medicine, School of Information and Engineering
| | - Hongzhi Zhang
- The First School of Medicine, School of Information and Engineering
| | - Bohuai Yu
- The First School of Medicine, School of Information and Engineering
| | - Hongbo Chen
- The First School of Medicine, School of Information and Engineering
| | - Xianfeng Huang
- The First School of Medicine, School of Information and Engineering
| | | | - Di Lu
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province
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Januario CDF, Da Costa CS, Dos Santos FCF, Miranda-Alves L, Correa BS, Carneiro MTWD, Graceli JB. Subacute exposure to a mixture of tributyltin plus mercury impairs reproductive axis function, exacerbating premature ovarian insufficiency features and reducing fertility in female rats. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 129:108670. [PMID: 39032759 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) and mercury (Hg) are endocrine-disrupting chemicals that individually cause reproductive complications. However, the reproductive consequences of exposure to a mixture of TBT plus Hg are not well known. We hypothesized that exposure to a mixture of TBT plus Hg would alter hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis function. Female rats were exposed to this mixture daily for 15 days, after which chemical accumulation in the tissues, morphology, hormone levels, inflammation, fibrosis, and protein expression in the reproductive organs were assessed. Increases in tin (Sn) and Hg levels were detected in the serum, HPG axis, and uterus of TBT-Hg rats. TBT-Hg rats exhibited irregular estrous cycles. TBT-Hg rats showed an increase in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) protein expression and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels and a reduction in luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. Reduced ovarian reserve, antral follicles, corpora lutea (CL) number, and estrogen levels and increased atretic and cystic follicles were found, suggesting that TBT-Hg exposure exacerbated premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) features. Furthermore, TBT-Hg rats exhibited increased ovarian mast cell numbers, expression of the inflammatory markers IL-6 and collagen deposition. Apoptosis and reduced gland number were observed in the uteri of TBT-Hg rats. A reduction in the number of pups/litter for 90 days was found in TBT-Hg rats, suggesting impaired fertility. Strong negative correlations were found between serum and ovarian Sn levels and ovarian Hg levels and ovarian reserve and CL number. Collectively, these data suggest that TBT plus Hg exposure leads to abnormalities in the HPG axis, exacerbating POI features and reducing fertility in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cidalia de F Januario
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 290440-090, Brazil; Faculty of Health Sciences, Zambeze University, Tete RHXG+J2G, Mozambique
| | - Charles S Da Costa
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 290440-090, Brazil
| | - Flavia C F Dos Santos
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 290440-090, Brazil
| | - Leandro Miranda-Alves
- Experimental Endocrinology Research, Development and Innovation Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Governador 21941-904, Brazil
| | - Bruna S Correa
- Dept of Chemistry, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Maria T W D Carneiro
- Dept of Chemistry, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Jones B Graceli
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 290440-090, Brazil.
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Gullo G, Lopez A, Loreto C, Cucinella G, La Verde M, Andrisani A, Burgio S, Carotenuto R, Ganduscio S, Baglio G, Billone V, Perino A, De Franciscis P, Marinelli S. COVID-19 and Female Fertility: An Observational Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study: Upholding Reproductive Rights in Emergency Circumstances. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:2118. [PMID: 39410522 PMCID: PMC11475084 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14192118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2024] [Revised: 09/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Currently available research data points to COVID-19-related multi-organ system damage. This study aims to evaluate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the reproductive health, that is, plasma levels of FSH, LH, estradiol, AMH, and antral follicular count, of women undergoing level II ART techniques. METHODS This is a multicenter, prospective, and observational study by the reproductive medicine centers of Palermo's Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello Hospital and Vanvitelli University. From September 2022 to March 2024, 203 patients aged 24-43 were enrolled, all with diagnosed infertility and a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Symptomatic women, patients testing positive for HIV or other liver viruses, and patients with a history of ovarian cancer or who had taken gonadotoxic drugs were excluded. Plasma measurements of FSH, LH, estradiol, AMH, and antral follicular count were performed before and after infection. RESULTS The analysis accounting for the concentration of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) before and after COVID-19 infection shows an average concentration decrease from 1.33 ng/mL before SARS-CoV-2 infection to 0.97 ng/mL after infection. Average decrease after infection was -27.4%; average reduction of 1 follicle (95% CI: from -0.74 to -1.33) was reported following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Levels of E2 before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection did not vary significantly. Average FSH and LH levels before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection pointed to an increase. CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 infection damages female reproductive health, causing significant reductions in AMH (-27.4%) and AFC (-1 antral follicle) values and an increase in FSH (+13.6%) and LH (+13.4%) values. No effect on E2 levels was reported. The pandemic has also affected the ability of infertile patients to access ART procedures, and that calls for a novel, updated blueprint designed to enhance our preparedness in the event that similar circumstances should occur again.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gullo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, AOOR Villa Sofia Cervello, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (A.L.); (G.C.); (S.G.); (V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandra Lopez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, AOOR Villa Sofia Cervello, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (A.L.); (G.C.); (S.G.); (V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Carla Loreto
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (C.L.); (M.L.V.); (R.C.); (P.D.F.)
| | - Gaspare Cucinella
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, AOOR Villa Sofia Cervello, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (A.L.); (G.C.); (S.G.); (V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Marco La Verde
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (C.L.); (M.L.V.); (R.C.); (P.D.F.)
| | - Alessandra Andrisani
- Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Sofia Burgio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, AOOR Villa Sofia Cervello, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (A.L.); (G.C.); (S.G.); (V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Raffaela Carotenuto
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (C.L.); (M.L.V.); (R.C.); (P.D.F.)
| | - Silvia Ganduscio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, AOOR Villa Sofia Cervello, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (A.L.); (G.C.); (S.G.); (V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Giovanni Baglio
- Italian National Agency for Regional Healthcare Services, 00187 Roma, Italy;
| | - Valentina Billone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, AOOR Villa Sofia Cervello, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (A.L.); (G.C.); (S.G.); (V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonio Perino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, AOOR Villa Sofia Cervello, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (A.L.); (G.C.); (S.G.); (V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Pasquale De Franciscis
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy; (C.L.); (M.L.V.); (R.C.); (P.D.F.)
| | - Susanna Marinelli
- School of Law, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy;
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Xu T, Zhuang Y, Cao H, Yang J. Obesity mediates the relationship between depression and infertility: insights from the NHANES 2013-2018 cross-sectional study and a Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1465105. [PMID: 39280012 PMCID: PMC11394197 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1465105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is increasingly recognized as a factor affecting infertility and the causal relationship between them remains controversial. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between depression and infertility using Mendelian randomization (MR) and cross-sectional study, and to explore the potential mediating role of obesity. METHODS The cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2018. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was used to assess the association between depression and infertility risk, and mediation analysis was to examine the mediating effect of obesity. Then, we performed MR analyses to investigate the causal effect of depression on infertility. Instrumental variables for depression were obtained from a genome-wide association meta-analysis (135,458 cases and 344,901 controls), and summary level data for infertility were obtained from the FinnGen database (6,481 cases and 68,969 controls). RESULTS In the cross-sectional study, a total of 2,915 participants between the ages of 18 and 45 were included, of whom 389 were infertile. We observed that depression was strongly associated with an increased risk of infertility (OR=1.66, 95%CI: 1.19, 2.33), and this relationship remained significant in mild (OR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.93), moderate (OR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.26, 2.84), and severe depression (OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.99). Mediation analysis showed that obesity mediated 7.15% and 15.91% of the relationship between depression and infertility for body mass index and waist circumference. Furthermore, depression significantly increased the risk of infertility in both the general obesity (OR=1.81, 95%CI=1.20-2.73, P<0.01) and abdominal obesity populations (OR=1.57, 95%CI=1.08-2.27, P=0.02) populations. In addition, the MR analysis also revealed a significant positive causal relationship between genetically predicted depression and infertility (OR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.70). CONCLUSION Depression is associated with an increased risk of infertility, with obesity playing a significant mediating role. This study underscores the importance of incorporating mental health and weight management in infertility treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Department of Ambulatory Surgical Center, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Ambulatory Surgical Center, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Huabin Cao
- Department of Ambulatory Surgical Center, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Jingqi Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Nati ID, Malutan A, Ciortea R, Oancea M, Bucuri C, Roman M, Ormindean C, Milon AG, Mihu D. Exploring the Influence of IL-8, IL-10, Patient-Reported Pain, and Physical Activity on Endometriosis Severity. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1822. [PMID: 39202309 PMCID: PMC11353965 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14161822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is known to be a chronic, debilitating disease. The pathophysiological mechanisms of endometriosis development include local chronic inflammation and a certain degree of local immune deficit. We investigated the relationship between the endometriosis severity, IL-8, IL-10, BDNF, VEGF-A serum and tissue levels, patient-related pain, and physical activity in a cohort of 46 patients diagnosed with endometriosis who underwent surgery. The same panel of biomarkers was investigated in a control group of 44 reproductive-aged patients with non-endometriotic gynecological pathology who underwent surgical intervention. Our data show a high statistical significance between tissue expression of IL-8, IL-10, patient-related pain, and the severity of endometriosis. No relationship was identified between serum or tissue levels of VEGF-A and BDNF and the severity of endometriosis. These results validate the presence of local chronic inflammation and immune deficit, thereby creating, alongside other studies in the field, an opportunity for the development of innovative and personalized treatment approaches in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionel Daniel Nati
- 2nd Department of Obstetric and Ginecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400610 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.D.N.)
| | - Andrei Malutan
- 2nd Department of Obstetric and Ginecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400610 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.D.N.)
| | - Razvan Ciortea
- 2nd Department of Obstetric and Ginecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400610 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.D.N.)
| | - Mihaela Oancea
- 2nd Department of Obstetric and Ginecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400610 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.D.N.)
| | - Carmen Bucuri
- 2nd Department of Obstetric and Ginecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400610 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.D.N.)
- Emergency Military Clinical Hospital “Dr Constantin Papilian”, 400610 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Roman
- 2nd Department of Obstetric and Ginecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400610 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.D.N.)
| | - Cristina Ormindean
- 2nd Department of Obstetric and Ginecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400610 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.D.N.)
| | - Alexandra Gabriela Milon
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Bogdan-Vodă University of Cluj Napoca, 400394 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Mihu
- 2nd Department of Obstetric and Ginecology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400610 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.D.N.)
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Almasoudi KS, Hussain E, Almotairi R, Bhat T, Mtiraoui N, Ezzidi I, Mir R. Exploring the Association of Biochemical Characterization and Genetic Determinants of TNF-α, CXCR2, and CCR5 Delta 32 Mutation with Predisposition to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:949. [PMID: 39202691 PMCID: PMC11355235 DOI: 10.3390/life14080949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
PCOS is a heterogeneous, multifactorial endocrine disorder with a complex pathophysiology. It is a globally rising infertility disorder that affects a large percentage of women of reproductive age, with a relatively high prevalence of 8-13%. Genome-wide association studies have revealed associations of genetic variations with many diseases, including PCOS. The cellular activity of IL8 is mediated by the receptor CXCR2, and transcription of IL8 is controlled by TNF-α. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association of TNF-α, CCR5-delta32, and CXCR2 gene variations with PCOS. METHODOLOGY In this case control study, we used amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR to detect and determine the presence of the polymorphic variants TNF-α, CCR5-delta32, and CXCR2 in the study subjects. These gene polymorphs may serve as critical candidate gene variants in PCOS pathogenesis and therapeutics. RESULTS The case-control study's findings revealed that the majority of the biochemical and endocrine serum biomarkers examined in the investigation-including lipids (LDL, HDL, and cholesterol), T2DM markers (fasting glucose, free insulin, and HOMA-IR), and hormones (FSH, LH, testosterone, and progesterone)-exhibited statistically significant changes in PCOS patients. The distributions of TNF-α (rs1800629), CCR5-delta32, and CXCR2 (rs2230054) genotypes analyzed within PCOS patients and healthy controls in the considered population were significant (p < 0.05). The heterozygosity of CXCR2-CA, TNF-α GA, and CCR5(WT+Δ32*) genotypes was significantly associated with PCOS susceptibility, with high OR and p < 0.05 in the codominant model. Similarly, the A allele of the TNF-α and CXCR2 genes, along with the CCR5Δ32*(mutant) allele, was significantly associated with PCOS susceptibility, with high OR and p < 0.05. Likewise, the CXCR2 (CA+AA) vs CC genotype was associated with increased susceptibility to PCOS, with OR 2.25, p < 0.032. CONCLUSIONS Our study concludes that TNF-α rs1800629G>A, CXCR2-rs2230054C>T, and CCR5-Delta32 rs333 are potential loci for developing PCOS in the Tabuk population. These findings might eventually be useful in identifying and classifying those who are at risk for PCOS. To validate these results, it is advised that further longitudinal studies be conducted in diverse ethnic populations and with larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kholoud S. Almasoudi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (E.H.); (R.A.); (T.B.)
| | - Eram Hussain
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (E.H.); (R.A.); (T.B.)
| | - Reema Almotairi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (E.H.); (R.A.); (T.B.)
| | - Tanzeela Bhat
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (E.H.); (R.A.); (T.B.)
| | - Nabil Mtiraoui
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (N.M.); (I.E.)
| | - Intissar Ezzidi
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (N.M.); (I.E.)
| | - Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (E.H.); (R.A.); (T.B.)
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26
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Huang MC, Chen PL, Hsu CL. Transcriptome Analysis of Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells Revealed Molecular Insights into Metabolic Dysfunction and Inflammation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7948. [PMID: 39063189 PMCID: PMC11276887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a female endocrine disorder with metabolic issues. Hyperandrogenism combined with hyperinsulinemia exacerbates the reproductive, metabolic, and inflammatory problems in PCOS patients. The etiology of PCOS is unclear. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a promising model for studying disease mechanisms and conducting drug screening. Here, we aim to use mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) derived from PCOS iPSCs to explore the mechanism of PCOS. We compared the transcriptome profiles of PCOS and healthy control (HC) iPSC-derived MPCs (iPSCMs). Moreover, we assess the impact of androgens on iPSCMs. In the comparison between PCOS and HC, the expression levels of 1026 genes were significantly different. A gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that adipogenesis- and metabolism-related genes were downregulated, whereas inflammation-related genes were upregulated in the PCOS iPSCMs. Dysregulation of the TGF-β1 and Wnt signaling pathways was observed in the PCOS iPSCMs. Furthermore, there was impaired adipogenesis and decreased lipolysis in the PCOS iPSCMs-derived adipocytes. With testosterone treatment, genes related to metabolism were upregulated in the HC iPSCMs but downregulated in the PCOS iPSCMs. The impact of testosterone varied among HCs and PCOS iPSCMs, possibly because of a genetic predisposition toward PCOS. This study found specific signaling pathways that could serve as therapeutic targets for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Lung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lang Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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27
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Maham S, Yoon MS. Clinical Spectrum of Long COVID: Effects on Female Reproductive Health. Viruses 2024; 16:1142. [PMID: 39066303 PMCID: PMC11281454 DOI: 10.3390/v16071142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has presented numerous health challenges, including long-term COVID, which affects female reproductive health. This review consolidates the current research on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the menstrual cycle, ovarian function, fertility, and overall gynecological health. This study emphasizes the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme receptors in viral entry and the subsequent tissue-specific pathological effects. It also explores the potential influence of long COVID on hormonal balance and immune responses, contributing to menstrual irregularities and impaired ovarian function. The findings indicate a higher prevalence of long-term COVID-19 among women, highlighting the substantial implications for reproductive health and the need for sex-sensitive longitudinal studies. Enhanced surveillance and targeted research are essential to develop effective interventions that prioritize women's reproductive well-being following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review advocates for a sex-informed approach to ongoing COVID-19 research and healthcare strategies, aiming to provide up-to-date and pertinent data for healthcare providers and the general public, ultimately improving outcomes for females affected by long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Maham
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea;
| | - Mee-Sup Yoon
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
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28
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Ma C, Li H, Lu S, Li X. Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: the role of oxidative stress. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1400869. [PMID: 39055057 PMCID: PMC11269105 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1400869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune condition affecting the eyes, characterized by proptosis, extraocular muscle involvement, and in severe cases, vision impairment including diplopia, optic neuropathy, and potential blindness. The exact etiology of TAO remains elusive; however, increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant capacity are pivotal in its pathogenesis. Elevated oxidative stress not only directly damages orbital tissues but also influences thyroid function and autoimmune responses, exacerbating tissue destruction. This review explores the role of oxidative stress in TAO, elucidates its mechanisms, and evaluates the efficacy and limitations of antioxidant therapies in managing TAO. The findings aim to enhance understanding of oxidative stress mechanisms in TAO and propose potential antioxidant strategies for future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Centre of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuwen Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xian Li
- Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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