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Silva WD, Hanks LM, Bento JMS, Zou Y, Millar JG. Evidence for 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one as a shared pheromone component for 12 South American species of cerambycid beetles. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 117:1032-1040. [PMID: 38625049 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
3-Hydroxyhexan-2-one (3-C6-ketol) has emerged as the most conserved pheromone structure within the beetle family Cerambycidae. In this study, we report the sex-specific production of this compound by males of 12 species of South American cerambycid beetles. Males of Chrysoprasis chalybea Redtenbacher and Mallosoma zonatum (Sahlberg) (Tribe Dichophyiini), and Ambonus lippus (Germar), Eurysthea hirta (Kirby), Pantonyssus nigriceps Bates, Stizocera plicicollis (Germar), and Stizocera tristis (Guérin-Méneville) (Elaphidiini) produced 3R-C6-ketol as a single component, whereas males of Neoclytus pusillus (Laporte & Gory) (Clytini), Aglaoschema concolor (Gounelle), Orthostoma abdominale (Gyllenhal) (Compsocerini), Dorcacerus barbatus (Olivier), and Retrachydes thoracicus thoracicus (Olivier) (Trachyderini) produced 3R-C6-ketol, along with lesser amounts of other compounds. In field trials testing 8 known cerambycid pheromone compounds, C. chalybea, E. hirta, and R. t. thoracicus were attracted in significant numbers to traps baited with 3-C6-ketol. A second field experiment provided support for the strategy of using the attraction of cerambycid species to test lures as a method of providing leads to their likely pheromone components. Because both sexes are attracted to these aggregation-sex pheromones, live beetles can be obtained from baited traps to verify they produce the compound(s) to which they were attracted, that is, that the compounds are indeed pheromone components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weliton D Silva
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418900, Brazil
| | - Lawrence M Hanks
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - José Mauricio S Bento
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418900, Brazil
| | - Yunfan Zou
- Departments of Entomology and Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Jocelyn G Millar
- Departments of Entomology and Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Grommes AC, Millar JG, Hanks LM. Dose-responses of seven species of cerambycid beetles to synthesized pheromones in field experiments. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 116:2035-2042. [PMID: 37878589 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Adult male cerambycid beetles of the subfamilies Cerambycinae and Lamiinae emit aggregation-sex pheromones that attract both sexes, and these chemicals can be utilized for quarantine surveillance for related exotic species which produce the same or similar pheromones. Here, we assess how attraction of 7 cerambycid species to pheromone-baited traps was influenced by the release rates of synthesized pheromones from polyethylene sachet emitters. Compounds tested included racemic 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one, the (R)-enantiomer of which is the sole or major pheromone component of numerous cerambycine species, and 2 compounds that are pheromone components of many lamiine species: (E)-6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-yl acetate (fuscumol acetate) and 6-methylhept-5-en-2-ol (sulcatol). We confirmed release rates of these compounds could be manipulated by varying the doses loaded into emitters. Various doses and concentrations, ranging from very dilute to the neat compounds, were then tested in field trials. Several species were most strongly attracted to the highest dose of a tested compound, one species to an intermediate dose, while another species was equally attracted regardless of dose. Our results demonstrate the importance of characterizing dose-response relationships for cerambycid species targeted by pheromone-based trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Grommes
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jocelyn G Millar
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Lawrence M Hanks
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Miller DR, Sweeney JD. Cerambycid Pheromones 3,2-Hydroxyketones Affect Catches of Some Bark and Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Ethanol-Baited Multiple-Funnel Traps in Southeastern United States. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:792-798. [PMID: 35394494 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In 2012-2013, we assessed the interactive effects of the cerambycid pheromones syn-2,3-hexanediol, 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one, and 3-hydroxyoctan-2-one on catches of bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in ethanol-baited multiple-funnel traps in north Georgia and South Carolina. We found that catches for nine of eleven species of ambrosia beetles in ethanol-baited traps were either unaffected or enhanced by the addition of 3,2-hydroxyketones. Similarly catches of five species of bark beetles were either unaffected or enhanced by the addition of 3,2-hydroxyketones. In particular, catches of Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky), Cnestus mutilatus (Blandford), and Monarthrum fasciatum (Say) in ethanol-baited traps increased with the addition of 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one and/or 3-hydroxyoctan-2-one. Catches of the bark beetles Hylocurus rudis (LeConte) and Hypothenemus rotundicollis (Eichhoff) were enhanced by the addition of 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one and 3-hydroxyoctan-2-one, respectively. syn-2,3-Hexanediol had no effect on catches of bark and ambrosia beetles in ethanol-baited traps. Our data provide support for the use of ethanol + cerambycid pheromones for targeting non-native species of bark and ambrosia beetles as well as cerambycids in detection programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Miller
- Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Athens, GA, USA
| | - J D Sweeney
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Center, Fredericton, NB, Canada
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Methionol, a Sulfur-Containing Pheromone Component from the North American Cerambycid Beetle Knulliana cincta cincta. J Chem Ecol 2022; 48:347-358. [PMID: 35366125 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-022-01351-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We describe the identification and field testing of 3-methylthiopropan-1-ol (methionol) as a male-produced aggregation-sex pheromone for the cerambycid beetle Knulliana cincta cincta (Drury) (subfamily Cerambycinae, tribe Bothriospilini). The corresponding sulfoxide, 3-methylsulfinylpropan-1-ol, was also produced sex-specifically by males, but its function remains unclear because the measured release rates of this compound from five different types of release devices were very low to undetectable. Unexpectedly, adults of the cerambycine Elaphidion mucronatum (Say) (Elaphidiini), primarily females, also were attracted by methionol, despite males of this species producing an aggregation-sex pheromone of entirely different structure, (2E,6Z,9Z)-2,6,9-pentadecatrienal.
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Miller DR, Crowe CM, Mayo PD, Silk PJ, Sweeney JD. Interactions Between syn- and anti-2,3-Hexanediol Lures on Trap Catches of Woodboring Beetles and Associates in Southeastern United States. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:83-93. [PMID: 34636848 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvab111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In 2016, we conducted three experiments to clarify the effects of 2,3-hexanediols isomers on trap catches of Neoclytus acuminatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). We also noted the effects of the isomers on trap catches of other cerambycids and associated species of predators and competitors. Catches of N. acuminatus in traps baited with ethanol + syn-2,3-hexanediol + racemic 3-hydroxyoctan-2-one were reduced with the addition of anti-2,3-hexanediol, an attractant for Curius dentatus Newman (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). A fourth experiment conducted in 2017 verified that racemic 3-hydroxyoctan-2-one increases catches of N. acuminatus in traps baited with ethanol + syn-2,3-hexanediol. The addition of anti-2,3-hexanediol increased catches of Knulliana cincta (Drury) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in traps baited with ethanol + racemic 3-hydroxyoctan-2-one, whereas attraction of Neoclytus scutellaris (Olivier) to traps baited with ethanol + racemic 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one was reduced by syn-2,3-hexanediol. Trap catches of the beetle predators Chariessa pilosa (Forster), Enoclerus ichneumonus (F.), and Madoniella dislocata (Say) (Coleoptera: Cleridae) were affected by 2,3-hexanediol isomers, whereas other common predators were unaffected by the isomers. Attraction of the bostrichid Xylobiops basilaris (Say) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) was increased by the 2,3-hexanediols; the relative effect of the two isomeric blends was dependent on trap co-baits of 3-hydroxy-2-ketones. The two enantiomeric blends of 2,3-hexanediol had minimal effects on catches of most species of ambrosia beetles, whereas the 3-hydroxy-2-ketones affected trap catches of some species.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Miller
- Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 320 Green Street, Athens, GA, USA
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Center, 1350 Regent Street, P.O. Box 4000, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada
| | - C M Crowe
- Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 320 Green Street, Athens, GA, USA
| | - P D Mayo
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Center, 1350 Regent Street, P.O. Box 4000, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada
| | - P J Silk
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Center, 1350 Regent Street, P.O. Box 4000, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada
| | - J D Sweeney
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Center, 1350 Regent Street, P.O. Box 4000, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada
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Silva WD, Hanks LM, Bento JMS, Millar JG. 3-Hydroxyhexan-2-one and 3-Methylthiopropan-1-ol as Pheromone Candidates for the South American Cerambycid Beetles Stizocera phtisica and Chydarteres dimidiatus dimidiatus, and Six Related Species. J Chem Ecol 2021; 47:941-949. [PMID: 34532812 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01313-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Here, we study the pheromone chemistry of two South American cerambycid beetle species, and their behavioral responses to candidate pheromone components. Adult males of Stizocera phtisica Gounelle (subfamily Cerambycinae: tribe Elaphidiini) produced a sex-specific blend of (R)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one with lesser amounts of 3-methylthiopropan-1-ol. In field bioassays, traps baited with racemic 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one and 3-methylthiopropan-1-ol did not catch conspecific beetles, but did catch both sexes of a sympatric species, Chydarteres dimidiatus dimidiatus (F.) (Cerambycinae: Trachyderini). We found that males of this species also produce (R)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one and 3-methylthiopropan-1-ol, and small amounts of 2-phenylethanol. Subsequent bioassays with these compounds showed that a blend of 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one and 3-methylthiopropan-1-ol constitutes the aggregation-sex pheromone of C. d. dimidiatus, with 2-phenylethanol not influencing the attraction of conspecifics. During the field bioassays, six other species in the Cerambycinae also were caught in significant numbers, including Aglaoschema ventrale (Germar) (tribe Compsocerini), congeners Chrysoprasis aurigena (Germar), Chrysoprasis linearis Bates, and an unidentified Chrysoprasis species (Dichophyiini), and Cotyclytus curvatus (Germar) and Itaclytus olivaceus (Laporte & Gory) (both Clytini), suggesting that one or more of the compounds tested are also pheromone components for these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weliton D Silva
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418900, Brazil.
| | - Lawrence M Hanks
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - José Mauricio S Bento
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418900, Brazil
| | - Jocelyn G Millar
- Departments of Entomology and Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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Wu H, Coudron TA, Zhang L, Aldrich JR, Xu W, Xu J, Wang H, Zou D. Identification and field verification of aggregation-sex pheromone from the predaceous bug, Arma chinensis. CHEMOECOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00049-019-00292-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hanks LM, Mongold-Diers JA, Mitchell RF, Zou Y, Wong JCH, Meier LR, Johnson TD, Millar JG. The Role of Minor Pheromone Components in Segregating 14 Species of Longhorned Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of the Subfamily Cerambycinae. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:2236-2252. [PMID: 31136653 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present research on the chemical ecology of 14 species of longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), in four tribes of the subfamily Cerambycinae, conducted in east-central Illinois over 8 yr. Adult males produce aggregation-sex pheromones that attract both sexes. Twenty independent field bioassays explored the pheromone chemistry of the species and tested the possible attractive or antagonistic effects of compounds that are not produced by a given species, but are pheromone components of other species. Analyses of beetle-produced volatiles revealed compounds that had not been reported previously from several of the species. The most common pheromone component was (R)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one, but pheromones of some species included isomers of the related 2,3-hexanediols. Males of the congeners Phymatodes amoenus (Say) and Phymatodes testaceus (L.) produced pure (R)-2-methylbutan-1-ol. Enantiomers of 2-methylbutan-1-ol also proved to be powerful synergists for Megacyllene caryae (Gahan), Sarosesthes fulminans (F.), and Xylotrechus colonus (F.). The major components of pheromone blends were consistently present in collections of headspace volatiles from male beetles, and only the major components were inherently attractive to a subset of species when tested as single components. Minor components of some species acted as powerful synergists, but in other cases appeared not to influence attraction. Among the minor components identified in headspace extracts from males, 2,3-hexanedione and 2-hydroxyhexan-3-one appeared to be analytical artifacts or biosynthetic by-products, and were neither attractants nor synergists. The antagonistic effects of minor compounds produced by heterospecific males suggest that these compounds serve to maintain prezygotic reproductive isolation among some species that share pheromone components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence M Hanks
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | | | - Robert F Mitchell
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Yunfan Zou
- Departments of Entomology and Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA
| | - Joseph C H Wong
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Linnea R Meier
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Todd D Johnson
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Jocelyn G Millar
- Departments of Entomology and Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA
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Eliott M, Lawson S, Hayes A, Debuse V, York A, Lewis T. The response of cerambycid beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) to long-term fire frequency regimes in subtropical eucalypt forest. AUSTRAL ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martyn Eliott
- School of Science; Faculty of Science, Health, Education & Engineering; University of the Sunshine Coast; 90 Sippy Downs Dr Sippy Downs Queensland 4556 Australia
| | - Simon Lawson
- Forest Industries Research Centre; University of the Sunshine Coast; Sippy Downs Queensland Australia
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries; Forest Industries Research Centre; Ecosciences Precinct; Dutton Park Queensland Australia
| | - Andrew Hayes
- Forest Industries Research Centre; University of the Sunshine Coast; Sippy Downs Queensland Australia
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries; Forest Industries Research Centre; Ecosciences Precinct; Dutton Park Queensland Australia
| | - Valerie Debuse
- Forest Industries Research Centre; University of the Sunshine Coast; Sippy Downs Queensland Australia
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries; Forest Industries Research Centre; Ecosciences Precinct; Dutton Park Queensland Australia
| | - Alan York
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences; University of Melbourne; Creswick Victoria Australia
| | - Tom Lewis
- School of Science; Faculty of Science, Health, Education & Engineering; University of the Sunshine Coast; 90 Sippy Downs Dr Sippy Downs Queensland 4556 Australia
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries; Forest Industries Research Centre; Ecosciences Precinct; Dutton Park Queensland Australia
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Interspecific Cross-Attraction between the South American Cerambycid Beetles Cotyclytus curvatus and Megacyllene acuta is Averted by Minor Pheromone Components. J Chem Ecol 2018; 44:268-275. [DOI: 10.1007/s10886-018-0933-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Millar JG, Mitchell RF, Meier LR, Johnson TD, Mongold-Diers JA, Hanks LM. (2E,6Z,9Z)-2,6,9-Pentadecatrienal as a Male-Produced Aggregation-Sex Pheromone of the Cerambycid Beetle Elaphidion mucronatum. J Chem Ecol 2017; 43:1056-1065. [PMID: 29151153 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-017-0905-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An increasing body of evidence suggests that the volatile pheromones of cerambycid beetles are much more diverse in structure than previously hypothesized. Here, we describe the identification, synthesis, and field testing of (2E,6Z,9Z)-2,6,9-pentadecatrienal as a male-produced aggregation-sex pheromone of the cerambycid Elaphidion mucronatum (Say) (subfamily Cerambycinae, tribe Elaphidiini). This novel structure is unlike any previously described cerambycid pheromone, and in field bioassays attracted only this species. Males produced about 9 μg of pheromone per 24 h period, and, in field trials, lures loaded with 10, 25, and 100 mg of synthetic pheromone attracted beetles of both sexes, whereas lures loaded with 1 mg of pheromone or less were not significantly attractive. Other typical cerambycine pheromones such as 3-hydroxy-2-hexanone, syn-2,3-hexanediol, and anti-2,3-hexanediol were not attractive to E. mucronatum, and when combined with (2E,6Z,9Z)-2,6,9-pentadecatrienal, the former two compounds appeared to inhibit attraction. Unexpectedly, adults of the cerambycine Xylotrechus colonus (F.) were attracted in significant numbers to a blend of 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one and (2E,6Z,9Z)-2,6,9-pentadecatrienal, even though there is no evidence that this species produces the latter compound. From timed pheromone trap catches, adults of E. mucronatum were determined to be active from dusk until shortly after midnight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn G Millar
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
| | - Robert F Mitchell
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, Oshkosh, WI, 54901, USA
| | - Linnea R Meier
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Todd D Johnson
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Judith A Mongold-Diers
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Lawrence M Hanks
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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