1
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Di Scipio M, Khan M, Mao S, Chong M, Judge C, Pathan N, Perrot N, Nelson W, Lali R, Di S, Morton R, Petch J, Paré G. A versatile, fast and unbiased method for estimation of gene-by-environment interaction effects on biobank-scale datasets. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5196. [PMID: 37626057 PMCID: PMC10457310 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40913-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of gene-by-environment interactions (GxE) is crucial to understand the interplay of environmental effects on complex traits. However, current methods evaluating GxE on biobank-scale datasets have limitations. We introduce MonsterLM, a multiple linear regression method that does not rely on model specification and provides unbiased estimates of variance explained by GxE. We demonstrate robustness of MonsterLM through comprehensive genome-wide simulations using real genetic data from 325,989 individuals. We estimate GxE using waist-to-hip-ratio, smoking, and exercise as the environmental variables on 13 outcomes (N = 297,529-325,989) in the UK Biobank. GxE variance is significant for 8 environment-outcome pairs, ranging from 0.009 - 0.071. The majority of GxE variance involves SNPs without strong marginal or interaction associations. We observe modest improvements in polygenic score prediction when incorporating GxE. Our results imply a significant contribution of GxE to complex trait variance and we show MonsterLM to be well-purposed to handle this with biobank-scale data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Di Scipio
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammad Khan
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Shihong Mao
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Chong
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Conor Judge
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nazia Pathan
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nicolas Perrot
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Walter Nelson
- Centre for Data Science and Digital Health, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ricky Lali
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Shuang Di
- Centre for Data Science and Digital Health, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Morton
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jeremy Petch
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Centre for Data Science and Digital Health, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Guillaume Paré
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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2
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Maitusong B, Laguzzi F, Strawbridge RJ, Baldassarre D, Veglia F, Humphries SE, Savonen K, Kurl S, Pirro M, Smit AJ, Giral P, Silveira A, Tremoli E, Hamsten A, de Faire U, Gigante B, Leander K. Cross-Sectional Gene-Smoking Interaction Analysis in Relation to Subclinical Atherosclerosis-Results From the IMPROVE Study. CIRCULATION. GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2023; 16:236-247. [PMID: 37021583 PMCID: PMC10284137 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.122.003710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is associated with carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT). However, knowledge about how genetics may influence this association is limited. We aimed to perform nonhypothesis driven gene-smoking interaction analyses to identify potential genetic variants, among those included in immune and metabolic platforms, that may modify the effect of smoking on carotid intima-media thickness. METHODS We used baseline data from 1551 men and 1700 women, aged 55 to 79, included in a European multi-center study. Carotid intima-media thickness maximum, the maximum of values measured at different locations of the carotid tree, was dichotomized with cut point values ≥75, respectively. Genetic data were retrieved through use of the Illumina Cardio-Metabo- and Immuno- Chips. Gene-smoking interactions were evaluated through calculations of Synergy index (S). After adjustments for multiple testing, P values of <2.4×10-7 for S were considered significant. The models were adjusted for age, sex, education, physical activity, type of diet, and population stratification. RESULTS Our screening of 207 586 SNPs available for analysis, resulted in the identification of 47 significant gene-smoking synergistic interactions in relation to carotid intima-media thickness maximum. Among the significant SNPs, 28 were in protein coding genes, 2 in noncoding RNA and the remaining 17 in intergenic regions. CONCLUSIONS Through nonhypothesis-driven analyses of gene-smoking interactions, several significant results were observed. These may stimulate further research on the role of specific genes in the process that determines the effect of smoking habits on the development of carotid atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buamina Maitusong
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China (B.M.)
| | - Federica Laguzzi
- Unit of Cardiovascular & Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.L., U.d.F., K.L.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rona J. Strawbridge
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna (R.J.S., B.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Mental Health & Wellbeing, Institute of Mental Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow (R.J.S.)
- Health Data Research, United Kingdom (R.J.S.)
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Department of Medical Biotechnology & Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano (D.B.)
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy (D.B., F.V., E.T.)
| | - Fabrizio Veglia
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy (D.B., F.V., E.T.)
| | - Steve E. Humphries
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (S.E.H.)
| | - Kai Savonen
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise & Nutrition, Kuopio & Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland (K.S.)
- Department of Clinical Physiology & Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital (K.S.)
| | - Sudhir Kurl
- Institute of Public Health & Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (S.K.)
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology & Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy (M.P.)
| | - Andries J. Smit
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands (A.J.S.)
| | - Philippe Giral
- Unités de Prévention Cardiovasculaire, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service Endocrinologie-Métabolisme, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, France (P.G.)
| | - Angela Silveira
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet & Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (A.S., A.H.)
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy (D.B., F.V., E.T.)
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet & Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (A.S., A.H.)
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Unit of Cardiovascular & Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.L., U.d.F., K.L.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna (R.J.S., B.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Leander
- Unit of Cardiovascular & Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.L., U.d.F., K.L.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Piga NN, Boua PR, Soremekun C, Shrine N, Coley K, Brandenburg JT, Tobin MD, Ramsay M, Fatumo S, Choudhury A, Batini C. Genetic insights into smoking behaviours in 10,558 men of African ancestry from continental Africa and the UK. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18828. [PMID: 36335192 PMCID: PMC9637114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is a leading risk factor for many of the top ten causes of death worldwide. Of the 1.3 billion smokers globally, 80% live in low- and middle-income countries, where the number of deaths due to tobacco use is expected to double in the next decade according to the World Health Organization. Genetic studies have helped to identify biological pathways for smoking behaviours, but have mostly focussed on individuals of European ancestry or living in either North America or Europe. We performed a genome-wide association study of two smoking behaviour traits in 10,558 men of African ancestry living in five African countries and the UK. Eight independent variants were associated with either smoking initiation or cessation at P-value < 5 × 10-6, four being monomorphic or rare in European populations. Gene prioritisation strategy highlighted five genes, including SEMA6D, previously described as associated with several smoking behaviour traits. These results confirm the importance of analysing underrepresented populations in genetic epidemiology, and the urgent need for larger genomic studies to boost discovery power to better understand smoking behaviours, as well as many other traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi-Nicole Piga
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Palwende Romuald Boua
- Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de La Santé, Nanoro, Burkina Faso
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Chisom Soremekun
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Science, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- H3Africa Bioinformatics Network (H3ABioNet) Node, Center for Genomics Research and Innovation (CGRI), National Biotechnology Development Agency CGRI/NABDA, Abuja, Nigeria
- The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, MRC/UVRI LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Nick Shrine
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Kayesha Coley
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jean-Tristan Brandenburg
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Martin D Tobin
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Michèle Ramsay
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Segun Fatumo
- H3Africa Bioinformatics Network (H3ABioNet) Node, Center for Genomics Research and Innovation (CGRI), National Biotechnology Development Agency CGRI/NABDA, Abuja, Nigeria
- The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, MRC/UVRI LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology (NCDE), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ananyo Choudhury
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Chiara Batini
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
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4
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Examining Barriers and Opportunities of Conducting Genome-Wide Association Studies in Developing Countries. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40471-022-00303-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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5
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Castaneda AB, Petty LE, Scholz M, Jansen R, Weiss S, Zhang X, Schramm K, Beutner F, Kirsten H, Schminke U, Hwang SJ, Marzi C, Dhana K, Seldenrijk A, Krohn K, Homuth G, Wolf P, Peters MJ, Dörr M, Peters A, van Meurs JBJ, Uitterlinden AG, Kavousi M, Levy D, Herder C, van Grootheest G, Waldenberger M, Meisinger C, Rathmann W, Thiery J, Polak J, Koenig W, Seissler J, Bis JC, Franceshini N, Giambartolomei C, Hofman A, Franco OH, Penninx BWJH, Prokisch H, Völzke H, Loeffler M, O'Donnell CJ, Below JE, Dehghan A, de Vries PS. Associations of carotid intima media thickness with gene expression in whole blood and genetically predicted gene expression across 48 tissues. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:1171-1182. [PMID: 34788810 PMCID: PMC8976428 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) is a biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis and a predictor of future cardiovascular events. Identifying associations between gene expression levels and cIMT may provide insight to atherosclerosis etiology. Here, we use two approaches to identify associations between mRNA levels and cIMT: differential gene expression analysis in whole blood and S-PrediXcan. We used microarrays to measure genome-wide whole blood mRNA levels of 5647 European individuals from four studies. We examined the association of mRNA levels with cIMT adjusted for various potential confounders. Significant associations were tested for replication in three studies totaling 3943 participants. Next, we applied S-PrediXcan to summary statistics from a cIMT genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 71 128 individuals to estimate the association between genetically determined mRNA levels and cIMT and replicated these analyses using S-PrediXcan on an independent GWAS on cIMT that included 22 179 individuals from the UK Biobank. mRNA levels of TNFAIP3, CEBPD and METRNL were inversely associated with cIMT, but these associations were not significant in the replication analysis. S-PrediXcan identified associations between cIMT and genetically determined mRNA levels for 36 genes, of which six were significant in the replication analysis, including TLN2, which had not been previously reported for cIMT. There was weak correlation between our results using differential gene expression analysis and S-PrediXcan. Differential expression analysis and S-PrediXcan represent complementary approaches for the discovery of associations between phenotypes and gene expression. Using these approaches, we prioritize TNFAIP3, CEBPD, METRNL and TLN2 as new candidate genes whose differential expression might modulate cIMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy B Castaneda
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren E Petty
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE Research Center of Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rick Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Katharina Schramm
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Holger Kirsten
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE Research Center of Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulf Schminke
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carola Marzi
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Klodian Dhana
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adrie Seldenrijk
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Knut Krohn
- Interdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Petra Wolf
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marjolein J Peters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Joyce B J van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel Levy
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute of Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, UNIKA-T Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Thiery
- LIFE Research Center of Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joseph Polak
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jochen Seissler
- Diabetes Center, Diabetes Research Group, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nora Franceshini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute of Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE Research Center of Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Healthcare and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Below
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK.,MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, Burlington Danes Building, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN UK
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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6
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Boua PR, Brandenburg JT, Choudhury A, Sorgho H, Nonterah EA, Agongo G, Asiki G, Micklesfield L, Choma S, Gómez-Olivé FX, Hazelhurst S, Tinto H, Crowther NJ, Mathew CG, Ramsay M. Genetic associations with carotid intima-media thickness link to atherosclerosis with sex-specific effects in sub-Saharan Africans. Nat Commun 2022; 13:855. [PMID: 35165267 PMCID: PMC8844072 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28276-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis precedes the onset of clinical manifestations of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We used carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) to investigate genetic susceptibility to atherosclerosis in 7894 unrelated adults (3963 women, 3931 men; 40 to 60 years) resident in four sub-Saharan African countries. cIMT was measured by ultrasound and genotyping was performed on the H3Africa SNP Array. Two new African-specific genome-wide significant loci for mean-max cIMT, SIRPA (p = 4.7E-08), and FBXL17 (p = 2.5E-08), were identified. Sex-stratified analysis revealed associations with one male-specific locus, SNX29 (p = 6.3E-09), and two female-specific loci, LARP6 (p = 2.4E-09) and PROK1 (p = 1.0E-08). We replicate previous cIMT associations with different lead SNPs in linkage disequilibrium with SNPs primarily identified in European populations. Our study find significant enrichment for genes involved in oestrogen response from female-specific signals. The genes identified show biological relevance to atherosclerosis and/or CVDs, sex-differences and transferability of signals from non-African studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palwende Romuald Boua
- Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Centre national de la Recherche scientifique et technologique (CNRST), Nanoro, Burkina Faso.
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Jean-Tristan Brandenburg
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ananyo Choudhury
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Hermann Sorgho
- Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Centre national de la Recherche scientifique et technologique (CNRST), Nanoro, Burkina Faso
| | - Engelbert A Nonterah
- Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana
- Julius Global Health, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Godfred Agongo
- Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana
- C.K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana
| | - Gershim Asiki
- African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lisa Micklesfield
- MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Solomon Choma
- Department of Pathology and Medical Sciences, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - Francesc Xavier Gómez-Olivé
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Scott Hazelhurst
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Halidou Tinto
- Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Centre national de la Recherche scientifique et technologique (CNRST), Nanoro, Burkina Faso
| | - Nigel J Crowther
- Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Christopher G Mathew
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michèle Ramsay
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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7
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Fatumo S, Chikowore T, Choudhury A, Ayub M, Martin AR, Kuchenbaecker K. A roadmap to increase diversity in genomic studies. Nat Med 2022; 28:243-250. [PMID: 35145307 PMCID: PMC7614889 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01672-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Two decades ago, the sequence of the first human genome was published. Since then, advances in genome technologies have resulted in whole-genome sequencing and microarray-based genotyping of millions of human genomes. However, genetic and genomic studies are predominantly based on populations of European ancestry. As a result, the potential benefits of genomic research-including better understanding of disease etiology, early detection and diagnosis, rational drug design and improved clinical care-may elude the many underrepresented populations. Here, we describe factors that have contributed to the imbalance in representation of different populations and, leveraging our experiences in setting up genomic studies in diverse global populations, we propose a roadmap to enhancing inclusion and ensuring equal health benefits of genomics advances. Our Perspective highlights the importance of sincere, concerted global efforts toward genomic equity to ensure the benefits of genomic medicine are accessible to all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Segun Fatumo
- The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, MRC/UVRI and LSHTM, Entebbe, Uganda.
- The Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Tinashe Chikowore
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ananyo Choudhury
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Muhammad Ayub
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alicia R Martin
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Karoline Kuchenbaecker
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK
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He Y, Zuodong L, Hu X, Liu X, Gui L, Cai Z, Dai C. Protective Effect of Panax Notoginseng Saponins on Apolipoprotein-E-deficient Atherosclerosis-prone mice. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:671-677. [PMID: 35088656 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220128104636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is widely recognized that atherosclerosis(AS)is related to vascular inflammation. Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) extracted from the roots of Panax notoginseng has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory activity. It is widely used in the clinical treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, but the protective effect of PNS on atherosclerosis is not fully understood. This study was designed to test the effects of PNS administration in apolipoprotein (apo)-E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice on the activation of NF-κB p65, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and Calpain1 proteins. METHODS 24 ApoE-/- mice fed with high-fat diet for 8 weeks to create the AS model. PNS, dissolved in three distilled water, was administered orally to two treatment groups at dosages of 60 mg/kg/d/mice and 180 mg/kg/d/mice. After for 8 weeks, Peripheral blood was collected for assessing the levels of TG, TC, LDL-C and HDL-C in serum by Biochemical Analyzer. HE staining was used to observe pathomorphological changes in the aorta root. Oil Red O staining was used to observe the lipid deposition in the aorta root. ELISA kits were used to assess the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in serum. The expression levels of NF-κB p65, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and Calpain1 proteins in aorta root were identified by Western blot. RESULTS After PNS administration for 8 weeks, the levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, IL -1β and TNF-α were decreased, the level of HDL-C was increased in apoE-/- mice. The arrangement of the tissue of aortic root tended to be normal, the cell morphology was restored, and the lipid depositions were reduced in apoE-/- mice treated with PNS. Moreover, PNS inhibited the expression levels of NF-κB p65, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and Calpain1 proteins of aortic root tissues in apoE-/- mice. CONCLUSION PNS may inhibit the progression of atherosclerotic lesion via their anti-inflammatory biological property. PNS suppress the NF-κB signaling pathway and inhibite the expression of pro-inflammatory factors such as NF-κB p65, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and Calpain1 proteins in aortic root tissues of apoE-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang He
- Jinzhou Medical University, JinZhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China
| | - Liu Zuodong
- Jinzhou Medical University, JinZhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China
| | - Xiangka Hu
- Jinzhou Medical University, JinZhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Jinzhou Medical University, JinZhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China
| | - Liuming Gui
- Jinzhou Medical University, JinZhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China
| | - Zengxiaorui Cai
- Jinzhou Medical University, JinZhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China
| | - Chunmei Dai
- Jinzhou Medical University, JinZhou, Liaoning Province, 121000, China
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Siew WS, Tang YQ, Kong CK, Goh BH, Zacchigna S, Dua K, Chellappan DK, Duangjai A, Saokaew S, Phisalprapa P, Yap WH. Harnessing the Potential of CRISPR/Cas in Atherosclerosis: Disease Modeling and Therapeutic Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8422. [PMID: 34445123 PMCID: PMC8395110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis represents one of the major causes of death globally. The high mortality rates and limitations of current therapeutic modalities have urged researchers to explore potential alternative therapies. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system is commonly deployed for investigating the genetic aspects of Atherosclerosis. Besides, advances in CRISPR/Cas system has led to extensive options for researchers to study the pathogenesis of this disease. The recent discovery of Cas9 variants, such as dCas9, Cas9n, and xCas9 have been established for various applications, including single base editing, regulation of gene expression, live-cell imaging, epigenetic modification, and genome landscaping. Meanwhile, other Cas proteins, such as Cas12 and Cas13, are gaining popularity for their applications in nucleic acid detection and single-base DNA/RNA modifications. To date, many studies have utilized the CRISPR/Cas9 system to generate disease models of atherosclerosis and identify potential molecular targets that are associated with atherosclerosis. These studies provided proof-of-concept evidence which have established the feasibility of implementing the CRISPR/Cas system in correcting disease-causing alleles. The CRISPR/Cas system holds great potential to be developed as a targeted treatment for patients who are suffering from atherosclerosis. This review highlights the advances in CRISPR/Cas systems and their applications in establishing pathogenetic and therapeutic role of specific genes in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sheng Siew
- School of Biosciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (W.S.S.); (Y.Q.T.)
| | - Yin Quan Tang
- School of Biosciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (W.S.S.); (Y.Q.T.)
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology (CDDMP), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (FHMS), Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Chee Kei Kong
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia;
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- Centre for Translational Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences and Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil 57000, Malaysia;
| | - Acharaporn Duangjai
- Unit of Excellence in Research and Product Development of Coffee, Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (A.D.); (S.S.)
- Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
- Unit of Excellence on Clinical Outcomes Research and IntegratioN (UNICORN), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Surasak Saokaew
- Unit of Excellence in Research and Product Development of Coffee, Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (A.D.); (S.S.)
- Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
- Unit of Excellence on Clinical Outcomes Research and IntegratioN (UNICORN), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
- Unit of Excellence on Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Division of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Pochamana Phisalprapa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Wei Hsum Yap
- School of Biosciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (W.S.S.); (Y.Q.T.)
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology (CDDMP), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (FHMS), Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
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