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Mousavinejad SN, Hosseini SA, Mohammadpour M, Ferdosi F, Dadgostar E, Abdolghaderi S, Khatami SH. Long non-coding RNAs in schizophrenia. Clin Chim Acta 2025; 574:120340. [PMID: 40311728 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2025.120340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2025] [Revised: 04/26/2025] [Accepted: 04/28/2025] [Indexed: 05/03/2025]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, a complex neuropsychiatric disorder influenced by genetic and environmental factors. These transcripts modulate gene expression through diverse mechanisms, including chromatin remodeling, transcriptional regulation, and posttranscriptional modifications. Recent studies have demonstrated significant alterations in lncRNA expression profiles in both the peripheral blood and brain tissues of schizophrenia patients, highlighting their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Dysregulated lncRNAs such as Gomafu, DISC-2, BDNF-AS, MEG3, and TUG1 have been linked to neurodevelopmental processes, inflammatory responses, and key synaptic plasticity pathways implicated in schizophrenia. Furthermore, antipsychotic treatments have been shown to influence lncRNA expression, which is correlated with symptom improvement. Sex-specific and age-related differences in lncRNA regulation further underscore their complexity and relevance to schizophrenia pathophysiology. This review consolidates current knowledge on the role of lncRNAs in schizophrenia, emphasizing their diagnostic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Navid Mousavinejad
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Hosseini
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Mohammadpour
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Felora Ferdosi
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Dadgostar
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Siavash Abdolghaderi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Solomon P, Kaurani L, Budde M, Guiné JB, Krüger DM, Riquin K, Pena T, Burkhardt S, Fourgeux C, Adorjan K, Heilbronner M, Kalman JL, Kohshour MO, Papiol S, Reich-Erkelenz D, Schaupp SK, Schulte EC, Senner F, Vogl T, Anghelescu IG, Arolt V, Baune BT, Dannlowski U, Dietrich DE, Fallgatter AJ, Figge C, Juckel G, Konrad C, Reimer J, Reininghaus EZ, Schmauß M, Spitzer C, Wiltfang J, Zimmermann J, Schütz AL, Sananbenesi F, Sauvaget A, Falkai P, Schulze TG, Fischer A, Heilbronner U, Poschmann J. Integrative analysis of miRNA expression profiles reveals distinct and common molecular mechanisms underlying broad diagnostic groups of severe mental disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2025:10.1038/s41380-025-03018-9. [PMID: 40263528 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-025-03018-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2025] [Accepted: 04/04/2025] [Indexed: 04/24/2025]
Abstract
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role as regulators of various biological processes and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of mental disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. In this study, we investigate the expression patterns of miRNAs in the PsyCourse Study (n = 1786), contrasting three broad diagnostic groups: Psychotic (Schizophrenia-spectrum disorders), Affective (Bipolar Disorder I, II and recurrent Depression), and neurotypic healthy individuals. Through comprehensive analyses, including differential miRNA expression, miRNA transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS), and predictive modelling, we identified multiple miRNAs unique to Psychotic and Affective groups as well as shared by both. Furthermore, we performed integrative analysis to identify the target genes of the dysregulated miRNAs and elucidate their potential roles in psychosis. Our findings reveal significant alterations of multiple miRNAs such as miR-584-3p and miR-99b-5p across the studied diagnostic groups, highlighting their role as molecular correlates. Additionally, the miRNA TWAS analysis discovered previously known and novel genetically dysregulated miRNAs confirming the relevance in the etiology of the diagnostic groups. Importantly, novel factors and putative molecular mechanisms underlying these groups were uncovered through the integration of miRNA-target gene interactions. This comprehensive investigation provides valuable insights into the molecular underpinnings of severe mental disorders, shedding light on the complex regulatory networks involving miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Solomon
- Nantes Université, CHU-Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Lalit Kaurani
- Department for Systems Medicine and Epigenetics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Monika Budde
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jean-Baptiste Guiné
- Nantes Université, CHU-Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Dennis Manfred Krüger
- Department for Systems Medicine and Epigenetics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kevin Riquin
- Nantes Université, CHU-Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Tonatiuh Pena
- Department for Systems Medicine and Epigenetics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Burkhardt
- Department for Systems Medicine and Epigenetics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cynthia Fourgeux
- Nantes Université, CHU-Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Kristina Adorjan
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maria Heilbronner
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Janos L Kalman
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mojtaba Oraki Kohshour
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sergi Papiol
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Reich-Erkelenz
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina K Schaupp
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva C Schulte
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Munich/Augsburg, Munich, Germany
| | - Fanny Senner
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Centers for Psychiatry Suedwuerttemberg, Ravensburg, Ravensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Vogl
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ion-George Anghelescu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Mental Health Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Arolt
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhardt T Baune
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Detlef E Dietrich
- AMEOS Clinical Center Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical School of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas J Fallgatter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Figge
- Karl-Jaspers Clinic, European Medical School Oldenburg-Groningen, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Georg Juckel
- Department of Psychiatry, Ruhr University Bochum, LWL University Hospital, Bochum, Germany
| | - Carsten Konrad
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Agaplesion Diakonieklinikum, Rotenburg, Germany
| | - Jens Reimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Academic Teaching Hospital Itzehoe, Itzehoe, Germany
| | - Eva Z Reininghaus
- Division of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Research Unit for Bipolar Affective Disorder, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Max Schmauß
- Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Augsburg University, Medical Faculty, Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Spitzer
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Disease (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jörg Zimmermann
- Psychiatrieverbund Oldenburger Land GMBH, Karl-Jaspers-Klinik, Bad Zwischenahn, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Schütz
- Research Group for Genome Dynamics in Brain Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Farahnaz Sananbenesi
- Research Group for Genome Dynamics in Brain Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anne Sauvaget
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Movement - Interactions - Performance, MIP, UR 4334, Nantes, France
| | - Peter Falkai
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Munich/Augsburg, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas G Schulze
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Munich/Augsburg, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - André Fischer
- Department for Systems Medicine and Epigenetics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Urs Heilbronner
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jeremie Poschmann
- Nantes Université, CHU-Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France.
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Seida M, Ogami K, Yoshino S, Suzuki HI. Fine Regulation of MicroRNAs in Gene Regulatory Networks and Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:2861. [PMID: 40243428 PMCID: PMC11988966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26072861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2025] [Revised: 03/19/2025] [Accepted: 03/20/2025] [Indexed: 04/18/2025] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ~22-nucleotide small non-coding RNAs that play critical roles in gene regulation. The discovery of miRNAs in Caenorhabditis elegans in 1993 by the research groups of Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun opened a new era in RNA research. Typically, miRNAs act as negative regulators of gene expression by binding to complementary sequences within the 3' untranslated regions of their target mRNAs. This interaction results in translational repression and/or target destabilization. The expression levels and activities of miRNAs are fine-tuned by multiple factors, including the miRNA biogenesis pathway, variability in target recognition, super-enhancers, post-transcriptional modifications, and target-directed miRNA degradation. Together, these factors form complex mechanisms that govern gene regulation and underlie several pathological conditions, including Argonaute syndrome, genetic diseases driven by super-enhancer-associated miRNAs, and miRNA-deadenylation-associated bone marrow failure syndromes. In addition, as miRNA genes have evolved rapidly in vertebrates, miRNA regulation in the brain is characterized by several unique features. In this review, we summarize recent insights into the role of miRNAs in human diseases, focusing on miRNA biogenesis; regulatory mechanisms, such as super-enhancers; and the impact of post-transcriptional modifications. By exploring these mechanisms, we highlight the intricate and multifaceted roles of miRNAs in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Seida
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Koichi Ogami
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Seiko Yoshino
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroshi I. Suzuki
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Inamori Research Institute for Science (InaRIS), Kyoto 600-8411, Japan
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Mazzarotto F, Monteleone P, Minelli A, Mattevi S, Cascino G, Rocca P, Rossi A, Bertolino A, Aguglia E, Altamura C, Amore M, Bellomo A, Bucci P, Collantoni E, Dell'Osso L, Di Fabio F, Fagiolini A, Giuliani L, Marchesi C, Martinotti G, Montemagni C, Pinna F, Pompili M, Rampino A, Roncone R, Siracusano A, Vita A, Zeppegno P, Galderisi S, Gennarelli M, Maj M. Genetic determinants of coping, resilience and self-esteem in schizophrenia suggest a primary role for social factors and hippocampal neurogenesis. Psychiatry Res 2024; 340:116107. [PMID: 39096746 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder, associated with a reduction in life expectancy of 15-20 years. Available treatments are at least partially effective in most affected individuals, and personal resources such as resilience (successful adaptation despite adversity) and coping abilities (strategies used to deal with stressful or threatening situations), are important determinants of disease outcomes and long-term sustained recovery. Published findings support the existence of a genetic background underlying resilience and coping, with variable heritability estimates. However, genome-wide analyses concerning the genetic determinants of these personal resources, especially in the context of schizophrenia, are lacking. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study coupled with accessory analyses to investigate potential genetic determinants of resilience, coping and self-esteem in 490 schizophrenia patients. Results revealed a complex genetic background partly overlapping with that of neuroticism, worry and schizophrenia itself and support the importance of social aspects in shapingthese psychological constructs. Hippocampal neurogenesis and lipid metabolism appear to be potentially relevant biological underpinnings, and specific miRNAs such as miR-124 and miR-137 may warrant further studies as potential biomarkers. In conclusion, this study represents an important first step in the identification of genetic and biological correlates shaping resilience, coping resources and self-esteem in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mazzarotto
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Palmiero Monteleone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandra Minelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Genetic Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefania Mattevi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giammarco Cascino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Paola Rocca
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rossi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Eugenio Aguglia
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Carlo Altamura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonello Bellomo
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Paola Bucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy
| | - Enrico Collantoni
- Psychiatric Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Liliana Dell'Osso
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Fabio
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Fagiolini
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Clinical Department of Mental Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Luigi Giuliani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Marchesi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cristiana Montemagni
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Pinna
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Rampino
- Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rita Roncone
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alberto Siracusano
- Department of Systems Medicine, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Unit, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Vita
- Psychiatric Unit, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Mental Health, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zeppegno
- Department of Translational Medicine, Psychiatric Unit, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Silvana Galderisi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Gennarelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Genetic Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Mario Maj
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy
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Dantas AG, Nunes BC, Nunes N, Galante P, Asprino PF, Ota VK, Melaragno MI. Next-generation sequencing profiling of miRNAs in individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome revealed altered expression of miR-185-5p. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:64. [PMID: 38872198 PMCID: PMC11170780 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00625-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a microdeletion syndrome with highly variable phenotypic manifestations, even though most patients present the typical 3 Mb microdeletion, usually affecting the same ~ 106 genes. One of the genes affected by this deletion is DGCR8, which plays a crucial role in miRNA biogenesis. Therefore, the haploinsufficiency of DGCR8 due to this microdeletion can alter the modulation of the expression of several miRNAs involved in a range of biological processes. RESULTS In this study, we used next-generation sequencing to evaluate the miRNAs profiles in the peripheral blood of 12 individuals with typical 22q11DS compared to 12 healthy matched controls. We used the DESeq2 package for differential gene expression analysis and the DIANA-miTED dataset to verify the expression of differentially expressed miRNAs in other tissues. We used miRWalk to predict the target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs. Here, we described two differentially expressed miRNAs in patients compared to controls: hsa-miR-1304-3p, located outside the 22q11.2 region, upregulated in patients, and hsa-miR-185-5p, located in the 22q11.2 region, which showed downregulation. Expression of miR-185-5p is observed in tissues frequently affected in patients with 22q11DS, and previous studies have reported its downregulation in individuals with 22q11DS. hsa-miR-1304-3p has low expression in blood and, thus, needs more validation, though using a sensitive technology allowed us to identify differences in expression between patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS Thus, lower expression of miR-185-5p can be related to the 22q11.2 deletion and DGCR8 haploinsufficiency, leading to phenotypic consequences in 22q11.2DS patients, while higher expression of hsa-miR-1304-3p might be related to individual genomic variances due to the heterogeneous background of the Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelisa Gollo Dantas
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Carvalho Nunes
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Nunes
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Pedro Galante
- Molecular Oncology Center, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Kiyomi Ota
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Melaragno
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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6
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Cillo F, Coppola E, Habetswallner F, Cecere F, Pignata L, Toriello E, De Rosa A, Grilli L, Ammendola A, Salerno P, Romano R, Cirillo E, Merla G, Riccio A, Pignata C, Giardino G. Understanding the Variability of 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: The Role of Epigenetic Factors. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:321. [PMID: 38540380 PMCID: PMC10969806 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Initially described as a triad of immunodeficiency, congenital heart defects and hypoparathyroidism, 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) now encompasses a great amount of abnormalities involving different systems. Approximately 85% of patients share a 3 Mb 22q11.2 region of hemizygous deletion in which 46 protein-coding genes are included. However, the hemizygosity of the genes of this region cannot fully explain the clinical phenotype and the phenotypic variability observed among patients. Additional mutations in genes located outside the deleted region, leading to "dual diagnosis", have been described in 1% of patients. In some cases, the hemizygosity of the 22q11.2 region unmasks autosomal recessive conditions due to additional mutations on the non-deleted allele. Some of the deleted genes play a crucial role in gene expression regulation pathways, involving the whole genome. Typical miRNA expression patterns have been identified in 22q11.2DS, due to an alteration in miRNA biogenesis, affecting the expression of several target genes. Also, a methylation epi-signature in CpG islands differentiating patients from controls has been defined. Herein, we summarize the evidence on the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of the clinical manifestations of 22q11.2 DS. The review of the literature confirms the hypothesis that the 22q11.2DS phenotype results from a network of interactions between deleted protein-coding genes and altered epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cillo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (F.H.); (E.T.); (A.D.R.); (L.G.); (R.R.); (E.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Emma Coppola
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (F.H.); (E.T.); (A.D.R.); (L.G.); (R.R.); (E.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Federico Habetswallner
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (F.H.); (E.T.); (A.D.R.); (L.G.); (R.R.); (E.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Francesco Cecere
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (F.C.); (L.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Laura Pignata
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (F.C.); (L.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Elisabetta Toriello
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (F.H.); (E.T.); (A.D.R.); (L.G.); (R.R.); (E.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Antonio De Rosa
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (F.H.); (E.T.); (A.D.R.); (L.G.); (R.R.); (E.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Laura Grilli
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (F.H.); (E.T.); (A.D.R.); (L.G.); (R.R.); (E.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Antonio Ammendola
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (P.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Paolo Salerno
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (P.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Roberta Romano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (F.H.); (E.T.); (A.D.R.); (L.G.); (R.R.); (E.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Emilia Cirillo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (F.H.); (E.T.); (A.D.R.); (L.G.); (R.R.); (E.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Merla
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (P.S.); (G.M.)
- Laboratory of Regulatory and Functional Genomics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Andrea Riccio
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (F.C.); (L.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Claudio Pignata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (F.H.); (E.T.); (A.D.R.); (L.G.); (R.R.); (E.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Giuliana Giardino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (F.H.); (E.T.); (A.D.R.); (L.G.); (R.R.); (E.C.); (G.G.)
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7
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Xiong Z, Wang H, Qu Y, Peng S, He Y, Yang Q, Xu X, Lv D, Liu Y, Xie C, Zhang X. The mitochondria in schizophrenia with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: From pathogenesis to therapeutic promise of targeted natural drugs. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 127:110831. [PMID: 37451595 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex multi-factor neurological disorder that caused an array of severe indelible consequences to the individuals and society. Additionally, anti-schizophrenic drugs are unsuitable for treating negative symptoms and have more significant side effects and drug resistance. For better treatment and prevention, we consider exploring the pathogenesis of schizophrenia from other perspectives. A growing body of evidence of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) suggested that the occurrence and progression of schizophrenia are related to mitochondrial dysfunction. So combing through the literature of 22q11DS published from 2000 to 2023, this paper reviews the mechanism of schizophrenia based on mitochondrial dysfunction, and it focuses on the natural drugs targeting mitochondria to enhance mitochondrial function, which are potential to improve the current treatment of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxiang Xiong
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Heting Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yutian Qu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Sihan Peng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchi He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingyan Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - De Lv
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunguang Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
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8
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Ying S, Heung T, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Engchuan W, Yin Y, Blagojevic C, Zhang Z, Hegele RA, Yuen RKC, Bassett AS. Polygenic risk for triglyceride levels in the presence of a high impact rare variant. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:281. [PMID: 37940981 PMCID: PMC10634078 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01717-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated triglyceride (TG) levels are a heritable and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and have well-established associations with common genetic variation captured in a polygenic risk score (PRS). In young adulthood, the 22q11.2 microdeletion conveys a 2-fold increased risk for mild-moderate hypertriglyceridemia. This study aimed to assess the role of the TG-PRS in individuals with this elevated baseline risk for mild-moderate hypertriglyceridemia. METHODS We studied a deeply phenotyped cohort of adults (n = 157, median age 34 years) with a 22q11.2 microdeletion and available genome sequencing, lipid level, and other clinical data. The association between a previously developed TG-PRS and TG levels was assessed using a multivariable regression model adjusting for effects of sex, BMI, and other covariates. We also constructed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves using logistic regression models to assess the ability of TG-PRS and significant clinical variables to predict mild-moderate hypertriglyceridemia status. RESULTS The TG-PRS was a significant predictor of TG-levels (p = 1.52E-04), along with male sex and BMI, in a multivariable model (pmodel = 7.26E-05). The effect of TG-PRS appeared to be slightly stronger in individuals with obesity (BMI ≥ 30) (beta = 0.4617) than without (beta = 0.1778), in a model unadjusted for other covariates (p-interaction = 0.045). Among ROC curves constructed, the inclusion of TG-PRS, sex, and BMI as predictor variables produced the greatest area under the curve (0.749) for classifying those with mild-moderate hypertriglyceridemia, achieving an optimal sensitivity and specificity of 0.746 and 0.707, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that in addition to significant effects of sex and BMI, genome-wide common variation captured in a PRS also contributes to the variable expression of the 22q11.2 microdeletion with respect to elevated TG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Ying
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tracy Heung
- Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Dalglish Family 22Q Clinic, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Worrawat Engchuan
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yue Yin
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christina Blagojevic
- Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zhaolei Zhang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ryan K C Yuen
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anne S Bassett
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- The Dalglish Family 22Q Clinic, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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9
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Boros É, Hegedűs Z, Kellermayer Z, Balogh P, Nagy I. Global alteration of colonic microRNAome landscape associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:991346. [PMID: 36177008 PMCID: PMC9513375 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.991346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that associates with, among others, increased risk of colorectal cancer. There is a growing evidence that miRNAs have important roles in pathological processes, such as inflammation or carcinogenesis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms such as alterations in microRNAome upon chronic intestinal inflammation is critical for understanding the exact pathomechanism of IBD. Hence, we conducted a genome wide microRNAome analysis by applying miRNA-Seq in a rat model of experimental colitis, validated the data by QPCR, examined the expression of a selection of precursor and mature miRNAs, performed in depth biological interpretation using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and tested the obtained results on samples derived from human patients. We identified specific, interdependent expression pattern of activator/repressor transcription factors, miRNAs and their direct targets in the inflamed colon samples. Particularly, decreased expression of the miR-200 family members (miR-200a/b/c,-141, and -429) and miR-27b correlates with the reduced level of their enhancers (HNF1B, E2F1), elevated expression of their repressors (ZEB2, NFKB1) and increased expression of their target genes (ZEB2, RUNX1). Moreover, the marked upregulation of six miR-27b target genes (IFI16, GCA, CYP1B1, RUNX1, MEF2C and MMP13) in the inflamed colon tissues is a possible direct consequence of the lack of repression due to the downregulated miRNA-27b expression. Our data indicate that changes in microRNAome are associated with the pathophysiology of IBD, consequently, microRNAs offer potential targets for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Boros
- Seqomics Biotechnology Ltd., Mórahalom, Hungary
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Hegedűs
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - István Nagy
- Seqomics Biotechnology Ltd., Mórahalom, Hungary
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
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10
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Sabaie H, Gholipour M, Asadi MR, Abed S, Sharifi-Bonab M, Taheri M, Hussen BM, Brand S, Neishabouri SM, Rezazadeh M. Identification of key long non-coding RNA-associated competing endogenous RNA axes in Brodmann Area 10 brain region of schizophrenia patients. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1010977. [PMID: 36405929 PMCID: PMC9671706 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1010977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a serious mental condition with an unknown cause. According to the reports, Brodmann Area 10 (BA10) is linked to the pathology and cortical dysfunction of SCZ, which demonstrates a number of replicated findings related to research on SCZ and the dysfunction in tasks requiring cognitive control in particular. Genetics' role in the pathophysiology of SCZ is still unclear. Therefore, it may be helpful to understand the effects of these changes on the onset and progression of SCZ to find novel mechanisms involved in the regulation of gene transcription. In order to determine the molecular regulatory mechanisms affecting the SCZ, the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-associated competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) axes in the BA10 area were determined using a bioinformatics approach in the present work. A microarray dataset (GSE17612) consisted of brain post-mortem tissues of the BA10 area from SCZ patients and matched healthy subjects was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. This dataset included probes for both lncRNAs and mRNAs. Using the R software's limma package, the differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were found. The RNA interactions were also discovered using the DIANA-LncBase and miRTarBase databases. In the ceRNA network, positive correlations between DEmRNAs and DElncRNAs were evaluated using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Finally, lncRNA-associated ceRNA axes were built by using the co-expression and DElncRNA-miRNA-DEmRNA connections. We identified the DElncRNA-miRNA-DEmRNA axes, which included two key lncRNAs (PEG3-AS1, MIR570HG), seven key miRNAs (hsa-miR-124-3p, hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-181a-5p, hsa-miR-191-5p, hsa-miR-26a-5p, hsa-miR-29a-3p, hsa-miR-29b-3p), and eight key mRNAs (EGR1, ETV1, DUSP6, PLOD2, CD93, SERPINB9, ANGPTL4, TGFB2). Furthermore, DEmRNAs were found to be enriched in the "AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications", "Amoebiasis", "Transcriptional misregulation in cancer", "Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection", and "MAPK signaling pathway". This study offers research targets for examining significant molecular pathways connected to the pathogenesis of SCZ, even though the function of these ceRNA axes still needs to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Sabaie
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Asadi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samin Abed
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mirmohsen Sharifi-Bonab
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq.,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Serge Brand
- Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Maryam Rezazadeh
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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