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Funk OH, Levy DL, Fay DS. Epidermal cell fusion promotes the transition from an embryonic to a larval transcriptome in C. elegans. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.22.595354. [PMID: 38826300 PMCID: PMC11142173 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.22.595354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Cell fusion is a fundamental process in the development of multicellular organisms, yet its impact on gene regulation, particularly during crucial developmental stages, remains poorly understood. The Caenorhabditis elegans epidermis comprises 8-10 syncytial cells, with the largest integrating 139 individual nuclei through cell-cell fusion governed by the fusogenic protein EFF-1. To explore the effects of cell fusion on developmental progression and associated gene expression changes, we conducted transcriptomic analyses of eff-1 fusion-deficient mutants. Our RNAseq findings showed widespread transcriptomic changes that were enriched for epidermal genes and key molecular pathways involved in epidermal function during larval development. Subsequent single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization validated the altered expression of mRNA transcripts, confirming quantifiable changes in gene expression in the absence of embryonic epidermal fusion. These results underscore the significance of cell-cell fusion in shaping transcriptional programs during development and raise questions regarding the precise identities and specialized functions of different subclasses of nuclei within developing syncytial cells and tissues.
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2
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Korb A, Tajbakhsh S, Comai GE. Functional specialisation and coordination of myonuclei. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024. [PMID: 38477382 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Myofibres serve as the functional unit for locomotion, with the sarcomere as fundamental subunit. Running the entire length of this structure are hundreds of myonuclei, located at the periphery of the myofibre, juxtaposed to the plasma membrane. Myonuclear specialisation and clustering at the centre and ends of the fibre are known to be essential for muscle contraction, yet the molecular basis of this regionalisation has remained unclear. While the 'myonuclear domain hypothesis' helped explain how myonuclei can independently govern large cytoplasmic territories, novel technologies have provided granularity on the diverse transcriptional programs running simultaneously within the syncytia and added a new perspective on how myonuclei communicate. Building upon this, we explore the critical cellular and molecular sources of transcriptional and functional heterogeneity within myofibres, discussing the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on myonuclear programs. This knowledge provides new insights for understanding muscle development, repair, and disease, but also opens avenues for the development of novel and precise therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaury Korb
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3738, Stem Cells & Development Unit, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, Institut Pasteur, Paris, F-75015, France
| | - Shahragim Tajbakhsh
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3738, Stem Cells & Development Unit, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, Institut Pasteur, Paris, F-75015, France
| | - Glenda E Comai
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3738, Stem Cells & Development Unit, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, Institut Pasteur, Paris, F-75015, France
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3
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Hsu JE, Ruiz L, Hwang Y, Guzman S, Cho CS, Cheng W, Si Y, Macpherson P, Schrank M, Jun G, Kang HM, Kim M, Brooks S, Lee JH. High-Resolution Spatial Transcriptomic Atlas of Mouse Soleus Muscle: Unveiling Single Cell and Subcellular Heterogeneity in Health and Denervation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.26.582103. [PMID: 38464282 PMCID: PMC10925160 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.26.582103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is essential for both movement and metabolic processes, characterized by a complex and ordered structure. Despite its importance, a detailed spatial map of gene expression within muscle tissue has been challenging to achieve due to the limitations of existing technologies, which struggle to provide high-resolution views. In this study, we leverage the Seq-Scope technique, an innovative method that allows for the observation of the entire transcriptome at an unprecedented submicron spatial resolution. By applying this technique to the mouse soleus muscle, we analyze and compare the gene expression profiles in both healthy conditions and following denervation, a process that mimics aspects of muscle aging. Our approach reveals detailed characteristics of muscle fibers, other cell types present within the muscle, and specific subcellular structures such as the postsynaptic nuclei at neuromuscular junctions, hybrid muscle fibers, and areas of localized expression of genes responsive to muscle injury, along with their histological context. The findings of this research significantly enhance our understanding of the diversity within the muscle cell transcriptome and its variation in response to denervation, a key factor in the decline of muscle function with age. This breakthrough in spatial transcriptomics not only deepens our knowledge of muscle biology but also sets the stage for the development of new therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating the effects of aging on muscle health, thereby offering a more comprehensive insight into the mechanisms of muscle maintenance and degeneration in the context of aging and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jer-En Hsu
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lloyd Ruiz
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yongha Hwang
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Space Planning and Analysis, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Steve Guzman
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chun-Seok Cho
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Weiqiu Cheng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yichen Si
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter Macpherson
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mitchell Schrank
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Goo Jun
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hyun-Min Kang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Myungjin Kim
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Susan Brooks
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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4
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Hoolachan JM, McCallion E, Sutton ER, Çetin Ö, Pacheco-Torres P, Dimitriadi M, Sari S, Miller GJ, Okoh M, Walter LM, Claus P, Wood MJA, Tonge DP, Bowerman M. A transcriptomics-based drug repositioning approach to identify drugs with similar activities for the treatment of muscle pathologies in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) models. Hum Mol Genet 2024; 33:400-425. [PMID: 37947217 PMCID: PMC10877467 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic neuromuscular disorder caused by the reduction of survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein levels. Although three SMN-augmentation therapies are clinically approved that significantly slow down disease progression, they are unfortunately not cures. Thus, complementary SMN-independent therapies that can target key SMA pathologies and that can support the clinically approved SMN-dependent drugs are the forefront of therapeutic development. We have previously demonstrated that prednisolone, a synthetic glucocorticoid (GC) improved muscle health and survival in severe Smn-/-;SMN2 and intermediate Smn2B/- SMA mice. However, long-term administration of prednisolone can promote myopathy. We thus wanted to identify genes and pathways targeted by prednisolone in skeletal muscle to discover clinically approved drugs that are predicted to emulate prednisolone's activities. Using an RNA-sequencing, bioinformatics, and drug repositioning pipeline on skeletal muscle from symptomatic prednisolone-treated and untreated Smn-/-; SMN2 SMA and Smn+/-; SMN2 healthy mice, we identified molecular targets linked to prednisolone's ameliorative effects and a list of 580 drug candidates with similar predicted activities. Two of these candidates, metformin and oxandrolone, were further investigated in SMA cellular and animal models, which highlighted that these compounds do not have the same ameliorative effects on SMA phenotypes as prednisolone; however, a number of other important drug targets remain. Overall, our work further supports the usefulness of prednisolone's potential as a second-generation therapy for SMA, identifies a list of potential SMA drug treatments and highlights improvements for future transcriptomic-based drug repositioning studies in SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Hoolachan
- School of Medicine, David Weatherall Building, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Eve McCallion
- School of Medicine, David Weatherall Building, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Emma R Sutton
- School of Medicine, David Weatherall Building, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Özge Çetin
- School of Medicine, David Weatherall Building, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Paloma Pacheco-Torres
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL910 9AB, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Dimitriadi
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL910 9AB, United Kingdom
| | - Suat Sari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Lennard-Jones Building, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin J Miller
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Lennard-Jones Building, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
- Centre for Glycoscience, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Magnus Okoh
- School of Medicine, David Weatherall Building, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa M Walter
- SMATHERIA gGmbH – Non-Profit Biomedical Research Institute, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 31, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Centre of Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), Hannover Medical School, Bünteweg 2, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Claus
- SMATHERIA gGmbH – Non-Profit Biomedical Research Institute, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 31, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Centre of Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), Hannover Medical School, Bünteweg 2, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthew J A Wood
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Level 2, Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe, Headington Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel P Tonge
- School of Life Sciences, Huxley Building, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa Bowerman
- School of Medicine, David Weatherall Building, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
- Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, United Kingdom
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5
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Jo S, Lee SH, Jeon C, Jo HR, You YJ, Lee JK, Sung IH, Kim TH, Lee CH. Myosin heavy chain 2 (MYH2) expression in hypertrophic chondrocytes of soft callus provokes endochondral bone formation in fracture. Life Sci 2023; 334:122204. [PMID: 37871676 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Muscle-bone interactions during fracture healing are rarely known. Here we investigated the presence and significance of myosin heavy chain 2 (MYH2), a component of myosin derived from muscles, in fracture healing. MAIN METHODS We collected five hematoma and seven soft callus tissues from patients with distal radius fractures patients, randomly selected three of them, and performed a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) proteomics analysis. Proteomic results were validated by histological observation, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence for MYH2 expression. These findings were further confirmed in a murine femoral fracture model in vivo and investigated using various methods in vitro. KEY FINDINGS The LC-MS proteomics analysis showed that MYH proteins were enriched in human soft calluses compared to hematoma. Notably, MYH2 protein is upregulated as high rank in each soft callus. The histological examination showed that MYH2 expression was elevated in hypertrophic chondrocytes within the human soft callus. Consistent with human data, Myh2 were significantly co-localized with Sox9 in hypertrophic chondrocytes of murine femoral fracture, in comparison to pre-hypertrophic and proliferating chondrocytes. Soluble MYH2 protein treatment increased MMP13 and RUNX2 expression in chondrocytes. In soluble MYH2 treatment, proliferation of chondrocytes was not altered, but the osteogenic and chondrogenic features of chondrocytes increased and decreased during differentiation, respectively. SIGNIFICANCE These findings indicate the potential of soluble MYH2 protein as a promising therapeutic strategy for promoting endochondral bone formation in chondrocytes following fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungsin Jo
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanhyeok Jeon
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ryeong Jo
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jin You
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyu Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Hoon Sung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hun Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Messmer T, Dohmen RGJ, Schaeken L, Melzener L, Hueber R, Godec M, Didoss C, Post MJ, Flack JE. Single-cell analysis of bovine muscle-derived cell types for cultured meat production. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1212196. [PMID: 37781115 PMCID: PMC10535090 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1212196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cultured meat technologies leverage the proliferation and differentiation of animal-derived stem cells ex vivo to produce edible tissues for human consumption in a sustainable fashion. However, skeletal muscle is a dynamic and highly complex tissue, involving the interplay of numerous mono- and multinucleated cells, including muscle fibers, satellite cells (SCs) and fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), and recreation of the tissue in vitro thus requires the characterization and manipulation of a broad range of cell types. Here, we use a single-cell RNA sequencing approach to characterize cellular heterogeneity within bovine muscle and muscle-derived cell cultures over time. Using this data, we identify numerous distinct cell types, and develop robust protocols for the easy purification and proliferation of several of these populations. We note overgrowth of undesirable cell types within heterogeneous proliferative cultures as a barrier to efficient cultured meat production, and use transcriptomics to identify conditions that favor the growth of SCs in the context of serum-free medium. Combining RNA velocities computed in silico with time-resolved flow cytometric analysis, we characterize dynamic subpopulations and transitions between active, quiescent, and committed states of SCs, and demonstrate methods for modulation of these states during long-term proliferative cultures. This work provides an important reference for advancing our knowledge of bovine skeletal muscle biology, and its application in the development of cultured meat technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Messmer
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, Netherlands
- Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Richard G. J. Dohmen
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, Netherlands
- Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Lea Melzener
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, Netherlands
- Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Mark J. Post
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, Netherlands
- Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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7
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Palma-Flores C, Cano-Martínez LJ, Fernández-Valverde F, Torres-Pérez I, de Los Santos S, Hernández-Hernández JM, Hernández-Herrera AF, García S, Canto P, Zentella-Dehesa A, Coral-Vázquez RM. Differential histological features and myogenic protein levels in distinct muscles of d-sarcoglycan null muscular dystrophy mouse model. J Mol Histol 2023; 54:405-413. [PMID: 37358754 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-023-10136-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SkM) comprises slow and fast-twitch fibers, which differ in molecular composition, function, and systemic energy consumption. In addition, muscular dystrophies (DM), a group of diverse hereditary diseases, present different patterns of muscle involvement, progression, and severity, suggesting that the regeneration-degeneration process may differ depending on the muscle type. Therefore, the study aimed to explore the expression of proteins involved in the repair process in different muscles at an early stage of muscular dystrophy in the δ-sarcoglycan null mice (Sgcd-null), a limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2 F model. Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) Staining showed a high number of central nuclei in soleus (Sol), tibialis (Ta), gastrocnemius (Gas), and extensor digitorum longus (Edl) from four months Sgcd-null mice. However, fibrosis, determined by trichrome of Gomori modified staining, was only observed in Sgcd-null Sol. In addition, the number of Type I and II fibers variated differentially in the Sgcd-null muscles vs. wild-type muscles. Besides, the protein expression level of β-catenin, myomaker, MyoD, and myogenin also presented different expression levels in all the Sgcd-null muscles studied. In summary, our study reveals that muscles with different metabolic characteristics showed distinct expression patterns of proteins involved in the muscle regeneration process. These results could be relevant in designing therapies for genetic and acquired myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Palma-Flores
- Catedrático CONACYT, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Javier Cano-Martínez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisca Fernández-Valverde
- Laboratorio de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Itzel Torres-Pérez
- Subdirección de Enseñanza e Investigación, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre", Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio de Los Santos
- Unidad de Investigación en Obesidad, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J Manuel Hernández-Hernández
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Fabiola Hernández-Herrera
- Subdirección de Enseñanza e Investigación, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre", Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvia García
- Subdirección de Enseñanza e Investigación, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre", Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia Canto
- Unidad de Investigación en Obesidad, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Zentella-Dehesa
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ramón Mauricio Coral-Vázquez
- Subdirección de Enseñanza e Investigación, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre", Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
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8
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Kurland JV, Cutler AA, Stanley JT, Betta ND, Van Deusen A, Pawlikowski B, Hall M, Antwine T, Russell A, Allen MA, Dowell R, Olwin B. Aging disrupts gene expression timing during muscle regeneration. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:1325-1339. [PMID: 37315524 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle function and regenerative capacity decline during aging, yet factors driving these changes are incompletely understood. Muscle regeneration requires temporally coordinated transcriptional programs to drive myogenic stem cells to activate, proliferate, fuse to form myofibers, and to mature as myonuclei, restoring muscle function after injury. We assessed global changes in myogenic transcription programs distinguishing muscle regeneration in aged mice from young mice by comparing pseudotime trajectories from single-nucleus RNA sequencing of myogenic nuclei. Aging-specific differences in coordinating myogenic transcription programs necessary for restoring muscle function occur following muscle injury, likely contributing to compromised regeneration in aged mice. Differences in pseudotime alignment of myogenic nuclei when comparing aged with young mice via dynamic time warping revealed pseudotemporal differences becoming progressively more severe as regeneration proceeds. Disruptions in timing of myogenic gene expression programs may contribute to incomplete skeletal muscle regeneration and declines in muscle function as organisms age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse V Kurland
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Alicia A Cutler
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Jacob T Stanley
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Nicole Dalla Betta
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Ashleigh Van Deusen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Edgewise Therapeutics, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Brad Pawlikowski
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Department of Pediatrics Section of Section of Hematology, Oncology, Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Monica Hall
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA
| | - Tiffany Antwine
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Alan Russell
- Edgewise Therapeutics, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Mary Ann Allen
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Robin Dowell
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.
| | - Bradley Olwin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
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9
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Cai C, Yue Y, Yue B. Single-cell RNA sequencing in skeletal muscle developmental biology. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114631. [PMID: 37003036 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the most extensive tissue in mammals, and they perform several functions; it is derived from paraxial mesodermal somites and undergoes hyperplasia and hypertrophy to form multinucleated, contractile, and functional muscle fibers. Skeletal muscle is a complex heterogeneous tissue composed of various cell types that establish communication strategies to exchange biological information; therefore, characterizing the cellular heterogeneity and transcriptional signatures of skeletal muscle is central to understanding its ontogeny's details. Studies of skeletal myogenesis have focused primarily on myogenic cells' proliferation, differentiation, migration, and fusion and ignored the intricate network of cells with specific biological functions. The rapid development of single-cell sequencing technology has recently enabled the exploration of skeletal muscle cell types and molecular events during development. This review summarizes the progress in single-cell RNA sequencing and its applications in skeletal myogenesis, which will provide insights into skeletal muscle pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China; Guyuan Branch, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Guyuan 7560000, China
| | - Yuan Yue
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Binglin Yue
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China.
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10
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Wang J, Xu P, Zou G, Che X, Jiang X, Liu Y, Mao X, Zhang X. Integrating Spatial Transcriptomics and Single-nucleus RNA Sequencing Reveals the Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Uterine Leiomyoma. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:2515-2530. [PMID: 37215998 PMCID: PMC10197899 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.83510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyoma is the most common gynecological tumor in reproductive women. Tumor-host interface is a complex ecosystem with intimate cell-cell communications and a critical scenario for tumor pathogenesis and progression. The pseudocapsule is the main tumor-host interface of uterine leiomyoma, but its cellular spatial disposition and gene expression are poorly explored. This study mapped the cellular architecture and corresponding gene profiles of the leiomyoma and its surrounding pseudocapsule by integrating spatial transcriptomics and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing at the first time. Here, we reported that estrogen receptor alpha and progesterone receptor mediated the occurrence and development of uterine leiomyoma and that estrogen receptor beta involved in the angiogenesis, which explained the effectiveness of hormonotherapy. Therapeutic targets including ERK1/ERK2 pathway and IGF1-IGF1R were found and might be applied for non-hormonal therapy of uterine leiomyoma. Furthermore, the injection of prostaglandin E2 was initially presented for bleeding control during myomectomy, injection site should be located at the junction between pseudocapsule and leiomyoma, and surrounding pseudocapsule should not be eliminated. Collectively, a single-cell and spatially resolved atlas of human uterine leiomyoma and its surrounding pseudocapsule was established. The results revealed potentially feasible strategies for hormonotherapy, non-hormonal targeted therapy and bleeding control during myomectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhang Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China, 310006
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China, 310006
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China, 310006
| | - Gen Zou
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China, 310006
| | - Xuan Che
- Department of Gynecology, Jiaxing University Affiliated Women and Children Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, P.R. China, 314000
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, Jiaxing University Affiliated Women and Children Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, P.R. China, 314000
| | - Yuanmeng Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China, 310006
| | - Xinqi Mao
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China, 310006
| | - Xinmei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China, 310006
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China, 310006
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11
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Cui CY, Ferrucci L, Gorospe M. Macrophage Involvement in Aging-Associated Skeletal Muscle Regeneration. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091214. [PMID: 37174614 PMCID: PMC10177543 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The skeletal muscle is a dynamic organ composed of contractile muscle fibers, connective tissues, blood vessels and nerve endings. Its main function is to provide motility to the body, but it is also deeply involved in systemic metabolism and thermoregulation. The skeletal muscle frequently encounters microinjury or trauma, which is primarily repaired by the coordinated actions of muscle stem cells (satellite cells, SCs), fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), and multiple immune cells, particularly macrophages. During aging, however, the capacity of skeletal muscle to repair and regenerate declines, likely contributing to sarcopenia, an age-related condition defined as loss of muscle mass and function. Recent studies have shown that resident macrophages in skeletal muscle are highly heterogeneous, and their phenotypes shift during aging, which may exacerbate skeletal muscle deterioration and inefficient regeneration. In this review, we highlight recent insight into the heterogeneity and functional roles of macrophages in skeletal muscle regeneration, particularly as it declines with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yi Cui
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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12
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Bagley JR, Denes LT, McCarthy JJ, Wang ET, Murach KA. The myonuclear domain in adult skeletal muscle fibres: past, present and future. J Physiol 2023; 601:723-741. [PMID: 36629254 PMCID: PMC9931674 DOI: 10.1113/jp283658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cells in the body are mononuclear whereas skeletal muscle fibres are uniquely multinuclear. The nuclei of muscle fibres (myonuclei) are usually situated peripherally which complicates the equitable distribution of gene products. Myonuclear abundance can also change under conditions such as hypertrophy and atrophy. Specialised zones in muscle fibres have different functions and thus distinct synthetic demands from myonuclei. The complex structure and regulatory requirements of multinuclear muscle cells understandably led to the hypothesis that myonuclei govern defined 'domains' to maintain homeostasis and facilitate adaptation. The purpose of this review is to provide historical context for the myonuclear domain and evaluate its veracity with respect to mRNA and protein distribution resulting from myonuclear transcription. We synthesise insights from past and current in vitro and in vivo genetically modified models for studying the myonuclear domain under dynamic conditions. We also cover the most contemporary knowledge on mRNA and protein transport in muscle cells. Insights from emerging technologies such as single myonuclear RNA-sequencing further inform our discussion of the myonuclear domain. We broadly conclude: (1) the myonuclear domain can be flexible during muscle fibre growth and atrophy, (2) the mechanisms and role of myonuclear loss and motility deserve further consideration, (3) mRNA in muscle is actively transported via microtubules and locally restricted, but proteins may travel far from a myonucleus of origin and (4) myonuclear transcriptional specialisation extends beyond the classic neuromuscular and myotendinous populations. A deeper understanding of the myonuclear domain in muscle may promote effective therapies for ageing and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Bagley
- Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California
| | | | - John J. McCarthy
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky
| | - Eric T. Wang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for NeuroGenetics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Myology Institute, University of Florida
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida
| | - Kevin A. Murach
- Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Arkansas
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13
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Caputo V, Megalizzi D, Fabrizio C, Termine A, Colantoni L, Caltagirone C, Giardina E, Cascella R, Strafella C. Update on the Molecular Aspects and Methods Underlying the Complex Architecture of FSHD. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172687. [PMID: 36078093 PMCID: PMC9454908 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the knowledge of the main mechanisms involved in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), the high heterogeneity and variable penetrance of the disease complicate the diagnosis, characterization and genotype–phenotype correlation of patients and families, raising the need for further research and data. Thus, the present review provides an update of the main molecular aspects underlying the complex architecture of FSHD, including the genetic factors (related to D4Z4 repeated units and FSHD-associated genes), epigenetic elements (D4Z4 methylation status, non-coding RNAs and high-order chromatin interactions) and gene expression profiles (FSHD transcriptome signatures both at bulk tissue and single-cell level). In addition, the review will also describe the methods currently available for investigating the above-mentioned features and how the resulting data may be combined with artificial-intelligence-based pipelines, with the purpose of developing a multifunctional tool tailored to enhancing the knowledge of disease pathophysiology and progression and fostering the research for novel treatment strategies, as well as clinically useful biomarkers. In conclusion, the present review highlights how FSHD should be regarded as a disease characterized by a molecular spectrum of genetic and epigenetic factors, whose alteration plays a differential role in DUX4 repression and, subsequently, contributes to determining the FSHD phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Caputo
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory-UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenica Megalizzi
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory-UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Fabrizio
- Data Science Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Termine
- Data Science Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Colantoni
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory-UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Department of Clinical and Behavorial Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory-UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0651501550
| | - Raffaella Cascella
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory-UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Strafella
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory-UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
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14
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Koczwara KE, Lake NJ, DeSimone AM, Lek M. Neuromuscular disorders: finding the missing genetic diagnoses. Trends Genet 2022; 38:956-971. [PMID: 35908999 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) are a wide-ranging group of diseases that seriously affect the quality of life of affected individuals. The development of next-generation sequencing revolutionized the diagnosis of NMD, enabling the discovery of hundreds of NMD genes and many more pathogenic variants. However, the diagnostic yield of genetic testing in NMD cohorts remains incomplete, indicating a large number of genetic diagnoses are not identified through current methods. Fortunately, recent advancements in sequencing technologies, analytical tools, and high-throughput functional screening provide an opportunity to circumvent current challenges. Here, we discuss reasons for missing genetic diagnoses in NMD, how emerging technologies and tools can overcome these hurdles, and examine future approaches to improving diagnostic yields in NMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Koczwara
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Nicole J Lake
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Alec M DeSimone
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Monkol Lek
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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