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Wang X, Zhang Y, Wang S, Ni H, Zhao P, Chen G, Xu B, Yuan L. The role of CXCR3 and its ligands in cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1022688. [PMID: 36479091 PMCID: PMC9720144 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1022688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a class of small cytokines or signaling proteins that are secreted by cells. Owing to their ability to induce directional chemotaxis of nearby responding cells, they are called chemotactic cytokines. Chemokines and chemokine receptors have now been shown to influence many cellular functions, including survival, adhesion, invasion, and proliferation, and regulate chemokine levels. Most malignant tumors express one or more chemokine receptors. The CXC subgroup of chemokine receptors, CXCR3, is mainly expressed on the surface of activated T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells, and plays an essential role in infection, autoimmune diseases, and tumor immunity by binding to specific receptors on target cell membranes to induce targeted migration and immune responses. It is vital to treat infections, autoimmune diseases, and tumors. CXCR3 and its ligands, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11, are closely associated with the development and progression of many tumors. With the elucidation of its mechanism of action, CXCR3 is expected to become a new indicator for evaluating the prognosis of patients with tumors and a new target for clinical tumor immunotherapy. This article reviews the significance and mechanism of action of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its specific ligands in tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Ni
- Department of Surgery, Henan No.3 Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangyu Chen
- Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Benling Xu
- Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Long Yuan
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Svanberg C, Nyström S, Govender M, Bhattacharya P, Che KF, Ellegård R, Shankar EM, Larsson M. HIV-1 induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells is mediated by cellular interaction with suppressive T cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:790276. [PMID: 36032117 PMCID: PMC9399885 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.790276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infection gives rise to a multi-layered immune impairment in most infected individuals. The chronic presence of HIV-1 during the priming and activation of T cells by dendritic cells (DCs) promotes the expansion of suppressive T cells in a contact-dependent manner. The mechanism behind the T cell side of this HIV-induced impairment is well studied, whereas little is known about the reverse effects exerted on the DCs. Herein we assessed the phenotype and transcriptome profile of mature DCs that have been in contact with suppressive T cells. The HIV exposed DCs from cocultures between DCs and T cells resulted in a more tolerogenic phenotype with increased expression of e.g., PDL1, Gal-9, HVEM, and B7H3, mediated by interaction with T cells. Transcriptomic analysis of the DCs separated from the DC-T cell coculture revealed a type I IFN response profile as well as an activation of pathways involved in T cell exhaustion. Taken together, our data indicate that the prolonged and strong type I IFN signaling in DCs, induced by the presence of HIV during DC-T cell cross talk, could play an important role in the induction of tolerogenic DCs and suppressed immune responses seen in HIV-1 infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Svanberg
- Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sofia Nyström
- Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Melissa Govender
- Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Pradyot Bhattacharya
- Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Karlhans F. Che
- Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Unit for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rada Ellegård
- Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Genetics, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Esaki M. Shankar
- Infection Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, India
| | - Marie Larsson
- Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Marie Larsson,
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Spencer DA, Goldberg BS, Pandey S, Ordonez T, Dufloo J, Barnette P, Sutton WF, Henderson H, Agnor R, Gao L, Bruel T, Schwartz O, Haigwood NL, Ackerman ME, Hessell AJ. Phagocytosis by an HIV antibody is associated with reduced viremia irrespective of enhanced complement lysis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:662. [PMID: 35115533 PMCID: PMC8814042 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28250-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasingly, antibodies are being used to treat and prevent viral infections. In the context of HIV, efficacy is primarily attributed to dose-dependent neutralization potency and to a lesser extent Fc-mediated effector functions. It remains unclear whether augmenting effector functions of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) may improve their clinical potential. Here, we use bNAb 10E8v4 targeting the membrane external proximal region (MPER) to examine the role of antibody-mediated effector and complement (C’) activity when administered prophylactically against SHIV challenge in rhesus macaques. With sub-protective dosing, we find a 78–88% reduction in post-acute viremia that is associated with 10E8v4-mediated phagocytosis acting at the time of challenge. Neither plasma nor tissue viremic outcomes in vivo is improved with an Fc-modified variant of 10E8v4 enhanced for C’ functions as determined in vitro. These results suggest that effector functions inherent to unmodified 10E8v4 contribute to efficacy against SHIVSF162P3 in the absence of plasma neutralizing titers, while C’ functions are dispensable in this setting, informing design of bNAb modifications for improving protective efficacy. While antibodies neutralize HIV via Fab recognition of viral surface antigens, antibody Fc domains mediate effector functions, including antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) and cytotoxicity (ADCC), and complement (C') activity. Here, Spencer et al. modify bNAb 10E8v4 to enhance C'-mediated potency in SHIV challenged rhesus macaques to probe its function in protection, showing that in the absence of neutralization, enhancing C' activities in vitro adds no value toward reducing viremia in either blood or tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Spencer
- Division of Pathobiology & Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.,Absci Corp, 1810 SE Mill Plain Blvd., Vancouver, WA, 98683, USA
| | | | - Shilpi Pandey
- Division of Pathobiology & Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Tracy Ordonez
- Division of Pathobiology & Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Jérémy Dufloo
- Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, University of Valencia-CSIC, Calle Catedràtic Agustín Escardino Benlloch 9, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Philip Barnette
- Division of Pathobiology & Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - William F Sutton
- Division of Pathobiology & Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Heidi Henderson
- Division of Pathobiology & Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Rebecca Agnor
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Lina Gao
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Timothée Bruel
- Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
| | - Olivier Schwartz
- Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
| | - Nancy L Haigwood
- Division of Pathobiology & Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.,Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Ann J Hessell
- Division of Pathobiology & Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
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Revisiting an IgG Fc Loss-of-Function Experiment: the Role of Complement in HIV Broadly Neutralizing Antibody b12 Activity. mBio 2021; 12:e0174321. [PMID: 34634936 PMCID: PMC8510540 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01743-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the complement system in HIV-1 immunity and pathogenesis is multifaceted, and an improved understanding of complement activities mediated by HIV-1-specific antibodies has the potential to inform and advance clinical development efforts. A seminal nonhuman primate challenge experiment suggested that complement was dispensable for the protective effect of the early broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) b12, but recent experiments have raised questions about the breadth of circumstances under which this conclusion may hold. Here, we reassess the original observation using Fc variants of IgG1 b12 that enhance complement activity and report that complement fixation on recombinant antigen, virions, and cells and complement-dependent viral and cellular lysis in vitro vary among bnAbs. Specifically, while the clinically significant V3 glycan-specific bnAb 10-1074 demonstrates activity, we found that b12 does not meaningfully activate the classical complement cascade. Consistent with avid engagement by C1q and its complex system of regulatory factors, these results suggest that complement-mediated antibody activities demonstrate a high degree of context dependence and motivate revisiting the role of complement in antibody-mediated prevention of HIV-1 infection by next-generation bnAbs in new translational studies in animal models.
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5
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Svanberg C, Ellegård R, Crisci E, Khalid M, Borendal Wodlin N, Svenvik M, Nyström S, Birse K, Burgener A, Shankar EM, Larsson M. Complement-Opsonized HIV Modulates Pathways Involved in Infection of Cervical Mucosal Tissues: A Transcriptomic and Proteomic Study. Front Immunol 2021; 12:625649. [PMID: 34093520 PMCID: PMC8173031 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Genital mucosal transmission is the most common route of HIV spread. The initial responses triggered at the site of viral entry are reportedly affected by host factors, especially complement components present at the site, and this will have profound consequences on the outcome and pathogenesis of HIV infection. We studied the initial events associated with host-pathogen interactions by exposing cervical biopsies to free or complement-opsonized HIV. Opsonization resulted in higher rates of HIV acquisition/infection in mucosal tissues and emigrating dendritic cells. Transcriptomic and proteomic data showed a significantly more pathways and higher expression of genes and proteins associated with viral replication and pathways involved in different aspects of viral infection including interferon signaling, cytokine profile and dendritic cell maturation for the opsonized HIV. Moreover, the proteomics data indicate a general suppression by the HIV exposure. This clearly suggests that HIV opsonization alters the initial signaling pathways in the cervical mucosa in a manner that promotes viral establishment and infection. Our findings provide a foundation for further studies of the role these early HIV induced events play in HIV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Svanberg
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Raleigh, NC, Sweden
| | - Rada Ellegård
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Raleigh, NC, Sweden
| | - Elisa Crisci
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Raleigh, NC, Sweden
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Raleigh, NC, Sweden
| | | | | | - Sofia Nyström
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Raleigh, NC, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Kenzie Birse
- National HIV and Retrovirology Labs, JC Wilt Infectious Disease Research Centre, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Adam Burgener
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Esaki M Shankar
- Infection Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, India
| | - Marie Larsson
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Raleigh, NC, Sweden
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6
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Bhattacharya P, Ellegård R, Khalid M, Svanberg C, Govender M, Keita ÅV, Söderholm JD, Myrelid P, Shankar EM, Nyström S, Larsson M. Complement opsonization of HIV affects primary infection of human colorectal mucosa and subsequent activation of T cells. eLife 2020; 9:e57869. [PMID: 32876566 PMCID: PMC7492089 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV transmission via genital and colorectal mucosa are the most common routes of dissemination. Here, we explored the effects of free and complement-opsonized HIV on colorectal tissue. Initially, there was higher antiviral responses in the free HIV compared to complement-opsonized virus. The mucosal transcriptional response at 24 hr revealed the involvement of activated T cells, which was mirrored in cellular responses observed at 96 hr in isolated mucosal T cells. Further, HIV exposure led to skewing of T cell phenotypes predominantly to inflammatory CD4+ T cells, that is Th17 and Th1Th17 subsets. Of note, HIV exposure created an environment that altered the CD8+ T cell phenotype, for example expression of regulatory factors, especially when the virions were opsonized with complement factors. Our findings suggest that HIV-opsonization alters the activation and signaling pathways in the colorectal mucosa, which promotes viral establishment by creating an environment that stimulates mucosal T cell activation and inflammatory Th cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradyot Bhattacharya
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
| | - Rada Ellegård
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
| | - Cecilia Svanberg
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
| | - Melissa Govender
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
| | - Åsa V Keita
- Division of Surgery, Orthopedics and Oncology, Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
| | - Johan D Söderholm
- Division of Surgery, Orthopedics and Oncology, Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
| | - Pär Myrelid
- Division of Surgery, Orthopedics and Oncology, Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
| | - Esaki M Shankar
- Center of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), University of Malaya, Lembah PantaiKuala LumpurMalaysia
- Division of Infection Biology and Medical Microbiology, Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil NaduThiruvarurIndia
| | - Sofia Nyström
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
| | - Marie Larsson
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
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Pillay Y, Moodley J, Naicker T. The role of the complement system in HIV infection and preeclampsia. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:459-469. [PMID: 31028431 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complement system is a key component of the innate immune system that plays a vital role in host defense, maintains homeostasis and acts as a mediator of the adaptive immune response. The complement system could possibly play a role in the pathogenesis of HIV infection and preeclampsia (PE), both of which represent major causes of maternal death in South Africa. RECENT FINDINGS The relationship between PE and HIV infection is unclear as PE represents an exaggerated immune response, while HIV infection is associated with a decline in immune activity. Although the complement system works to clear and neutralize HIV, it could also enhance the infectivity of HIV by various other mechanisms. It has been suggested that the dysregulation of the complement system is associated with the development of PE. CONCLUSION There is currently a paucity of information on the combined effect of the complement system in HIV-associated PE. This review highlights the role of the complement system in the duality of HIV infection and PE and provides new insights into this relationship whilst also elucidating potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazira Pillay
- Optics and Imaging Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
| | - Jagidesa Moodley
- Women's Health and HIV Research Group, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Thajasvarie Naicker
- Optics and Imaging Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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8
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Fang J, Zhuge L, Rao H, Huang S, Jin L, Li J. Increased Levels of miR-155 are Related to Higher T-Cell Activation in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019; 23:118-123. [PMID: 30735455 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) is an important regulator of immune responses in humans. However, its role in T-cell activation in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-one patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), 77 HBV carriers, and 51 healthy controls were recruited. HBV DNA and serologic tests were carried out for each subject. Levels of miR-155 in peripheral blood were detected by quantitative reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction. Immune activation of T-cells was determined by detection of surface molecules CD38 and HLA-DR using flow cytometry. RESULTS We found higher miR-155 levels in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells of CHB patients than HBV carriers or healthy controls (p < 0.01), moreover, miR-155 levels in the CD8+ T-cells of HBV carriers were higher than in healthy controls (p < 0.01). Furthermore, immune activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in CHB patients was much higher than in healthy controls (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that miR-155 expression positively correlates with T-cell activation, especially in CHB patients, and is a potential biomarker for immune activation and disease progression in HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Fang
- 1 Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhuge
- 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Heping Rao
- 3 Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Quzhou College of Technology, Quzhou China
| | - Shanshan Huang
- 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lingxiang Jin
- 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Zenere G, Olwenyi OA, Byrareddy SN, Braun SE. Optimizing intracellular signaling domains for CAR NK cells in HIV immunotherapy: a comprehensive review. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:983-991. [PMID: 30771481 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune lymphocytes with a key role in host defense against HIV infection. Recent advances in chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have made NK cells a prime target for expressing recombinant receptors capable of redirecting NK cytotoxic functions towards HIV-infected cells. In this review, we discuss the role of NK cells in HIV and the mechanisms of actions of HIV-targeting CAR strategies. Furthermore, we also review NK cells signal transduction and its application to CAR NK cell strategies to develop new combinations of CAR intracellular domains and to improve CAR NK signaling and cytotoxic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Zenere
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Omalla Allan Olwenyi
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA
| | - Siddappa N Byrareddy
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA
| | - Stephen E Braun
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, Covington, LA 70433, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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10
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Correa-Rocha R, Lopez-Abente J, Gutierrez C, Pérez-Fernández VA, Prieto-Sánchez A, Moreno-Guillen S, Muñoz-Fernández MÁ, Pion M. CD72/CD100 and PD-1/PD-L1 markers are increased on T and B cells in HIV-1+ viremic individuals, and CD72/CD100 axis is correlated with T-cell exhaustion. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203419. [PMID: 30161254 PMCID: PMC6117071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In our work, we analyzed the role of the CD100/CD72 and PD-1/PD-L1 axes in immune response dysfunction in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection in which high expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 were associated with an immunosuppressive state via limitation of the HIV-1-specific T-cell responses. CD100 was demonstrated to play a relevant role in immune responses in various pathological processes and may be responsible for immune dysregulation during HIV-1 infection. We investigated the function of CD72/CD100, and PD-1/PDL-1 axes on T and B cells in HIV-infected individuals and in healthy individuals. We analyzed the frequencies and fluorescence intensities of these four markers on CD4+, CD8+ T and B cells. Marker expressions were increased during active HIV-1 infection. CD100 frequency on T cells was positively associated with the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 on T cells from HIV-infected treatment-naïve individuals. In addition, the frequency of CD72-expressing T cells was associated with interferon gamma (IFN-γ) production in HIV-infected treatment-naïve individuals. Our data suggest that the CD72/CD100 and PD-1/PD-L1 axes may jointly participate in dysregulation of immunity during HIV-1 infection and could partially explain the immune systems' hyper-activation and exhaustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Correa-Rocha
- Immuno-Regulation Laboratory, Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital, Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jacobo Lopez-Abente
- Immuno-Regulation Laboratory, Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital, Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Gutierrez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Alcalá de Henares University, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Astrid Pérez-Fernández
- Immuno-Regulation Laboratory, Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital, Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Prieto-Sánchez
- Immuno-Regulation Laboratory, Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital, Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Moreno-Guillen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Alcalá de Henares University, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Immuno-Biology Molecular Laboratory, Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital, Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Spanish HIV HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marjorie Pion
- Immuno-Regulation Laboratory, Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital, Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Immuno-Biology Molecular Laboratory, Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital, Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Spanish HIV HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain
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