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Sikorski J, Matczuk M, Stępień M, Ogórek K, Ruzik L, Jarosz M. Fe 3O 4SPIONs in cancer theranostics-structure versus interactions with proteins and methods of their investigation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:212001. [PMID: 38387086 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad2c54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
As the second leading cause of death worldwide, neoplastic diseases are one of the biggest challenges for public health care. Contemporary medicine seeks potential tools for fighting cancer within nanomedicine, as various nanomaterials can be used for both diagnostics and therapies. Among those of particular interest are superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), due to their unique magnetic properties,. However, while the number of new SPIONs, suitably modified and functionalized, designed for medical purposes, has been gradually increasing, it has not yet been translated into the number of approved clinical solutions. The presented review covers various issues related to SPIONs of potential theranostic applications. It refers to structural considerations (the nanoparticle core, most often used modifications and functionalizations) and the ways of characterizing newly designed nanoparticles. The discussion about the phenomenon of protein corona formation leads to the conclusion that the scarcity of proper tools to investigate the interactions between SPIONs and human serum proteins is the reason for difficulties in introducing them into clinical applications. The review emphasizes the importance of understanding the mechanism behind the protein corona formation, as it has a crucial impact on the effectiveness of designed SPIONs in the physiological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Sikorski
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Matczuk
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Stępień
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Ogórek
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lena Ruzik
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Jarosz
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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Lin CJ, Hwang TL, Wang RYL, Nain A, Shih RH, Chang L, Lin HJ, Harroun SG, Chang HT, Huang CC. Augmenting Neutrophil Extracellular Traps with Carbonized Polymer Dots: A Potential Treatment for Bacterial Sepsis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2307210. [PMID: 38279606 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that can progress to septic shock as the body's extreme response to pathogenesis damages its own vital organs. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) accounts for 50% of nosocomial infections, which are clinically treated with antibiotics. However, methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA) have emerged and can withstand harsh antibiotic treatment. To address this problem, curcumin (CCM) is employed to prepare carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) through mild pyrolysis. Contrary to curcumin, the as-formed CCM-CPDs are highly biocompatible and soluble in aqueous solution. Most importantly, the CCM-CPDs induce the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) from the neutrophils, which entrap and eliminate microbes. In an MRSA-induced septic mouse model, it is observed that CCM-CPDs efficiently suppress bacterial colonization. Moreover, the intrinsic antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticoagulation activities resulting from the preserved functional groups of the precursor molecule on the CCM-CPDs prevent progression to severe sepsis. As a result, infected mice treated with CCM-CPDs show a significant decrease in mortality even through oral administration. Histological staining indicates negligible organ damage in the MRSA-infected mice treated with CCM-CPDs. It is believed that the in vivo studies presented herein demonstrate that multifunctional therapeutic CPDs hold great potential against life-threatening infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Jung Lin
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Healthy Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan
| | - Robert Y L Wang
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Amit Nain
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 520012, India
| | - Ren-Hong Shih
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan
| | - Lung Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital and Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, 10449, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 25245, Taiwan
| | - Han-Jia Lin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20231, Taiwan
| | - Scott G Harroun
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Huan-Tsung Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials and Technology Innovation, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Huang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20231, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
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Saafane A, Girard D. Interaction between iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) and primary human immune cells: An up-to-date review of the literature. Toxicol In Vitro 2023:105635. [PMID: 37356554 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been gaining more and more momentum lately and the potential use of nanomaterials such as nanoparticles (NPs) continues to grow in a variety of activity sectors. Among the NPs, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) have retained an increasing interest from the scientific community and industrials due to their superparamagnetic properties allowing their use in many fields, including medicine. However, some undesired effects of IONs and potential risk for human health are becoming increasingly reported in several studies. Although many in vivo studies reported that IONs induce immunotoxicity in different animal models, it is not clear how IONs can alter the biology of primary human immune cells. In this article, we will review the works that have been done regarding the interaction between IONs and primary immune cells. This review also outlines the importance of using primary immune cells in risk assessment of NPs as a reliable strategy for encouraging non-animal studies approaches, to determine risks that might affect the human immune system following different exposure scenarios. Taken all together, the reported observations help to get a more global picture on how IONs alter the human immune system especially the fact that inflammation, known to involve several immune cell types, is frequently reported as an undesired effect of IONs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz Saafane
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Inflammation et Physiologie des Granulocytes, Université du Québec, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS)-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis Girard
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Inflammation et Physiologie des Granulocytes, Université du Québec, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS)-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada.
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Ciont C, Mesaroș A, Pop OL, Vodnar DC. Iron oxide nanoparticles carried by probiotics for iron absorption: a systematic review. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:124. [PMID: 37038224 PMCID: PMC10088223 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01880-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One-third of the world's population has anemia, contributing to higher morbidity and death and impaired neurological development. Conventional anemia treatment raises concerns about iron bioavailability and gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects. This research aims to establish how iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) interact with probiotic cells and how they affect iron absorption, bioavailability, and microbiota variation. METHODS Pointing to the study of the literature and developing a review and critical synthesis, a robust search methodology was utilized by the authors. The literature search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Information was collected between January 2017 and June 2022 using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) protocols for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We identified 122 compatible research articles. RESULTS The research profile of the selected scientific articles revealed the efficacy of IONPs treatment carried by probiotics versus conventional treatment. Therefore, the authors employed content assessment on four topics to synthesize previous studies. The key subjects of the reviewed reports are the characteristics of the IONPs synthesis method, the evaluation of cell absorption and cytotoxicity of IONPs, and the transport of IONPs with probiotics in treating anemia. CONCLUSIONS To ensure a sufficient iron level in the enterocyte, probiotics with the capacity to attach to the gut wall transport IONPs into the enterocyte, where the maghemite nanoparticles are released.
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Affiliation(s)
- Călina Ciont
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Amalia Mesaroș
- Physics and Chemistry Department, C4S Centre, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 28 Memorandumului Street, 400114, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Lelia Pop
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Dinter J, Friedrich RP, Yang H, Pilarsky C, Mangge H, Pöttler M, Janko C, Alexiou C, Lyer S. Mitoxantrone and Mitoxantrone-Loaded Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Induce Cell Death in Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Spheroids. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2906. [PMID: 37049199 PMCID: PMC10096321 DOI: 10.3390/ma16072906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a hard-to-treat, deadly malignancy. Traditional treatments, such as surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, unfortunately are still not able to significantly improve long-term survival. Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures might be a platform to study new drug types in a highly reproducible, resource-saving model within a relevant pathophysiological cellular microenvironment. We used a 3D culture of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines to investigate a potential new treatment approach using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as a drug delivery system for mitoxantrone (MTO), a chemotherapeutic agent. We established a PaCa DD183 cell line and generated PANC-1SMAD4 (-/-) cells by using the CRISPR-Cas9 system, differing in a prognostically relevant mutation in the TGF-β pathway. Afterwards, we formed spheroids using PaCa DD183, PANC-1 and PANC-1SMAD4 (-/-) cells, and analyzed the uptake and cytotoxic effect of free MTO and MTO-loaded SPIONs by microscopy and flow cytometry. MTO and SPION-MTO-induced cell death in all tumor spheroids in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, spheroids with a SMAD4 mutation showed an increased uptake of MTO and SPION-MTO, while at the same time being more resistant to the cytotoxic effects of the chemotherapeutic agents. MTO-loaded SPIONs, with their ability for magnetic drug targeting, could be a future approach for treating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Dinter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ralf P. Friedrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hai Yang
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Pilarsky
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Marina Pöttler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Janko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Professorship for AI-Controlled Nanomaterials, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Lyer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Professorship for AI-Controlled Nanomaterials, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Pondman K, Le Gac S, Kishore U. Nanoparticle-induced immune response: Health risk versus treatment opportunity? Immunobiology 2023; 228:152317. [PMID: 36592542 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are not only employed in many biomedical applications in an engineered form, but also occur in our environment, in a more hazardous form. NPs interact with the immune system through various pathways and can lead to a myriad of different scenarios, ranging from their quiet removal from circulation by macrophages without any impact for the body, to systemic inflammatory effects and immuno-toxicity. In the latter case, the function of the immune system is affected by the presence of NPs. This review describes, how both the innate and adaptive immune system are involved in interactions with NPs, together with the models used to analyse these interactions. These models vary between simple 2D in vitro models, to in vivo animal models, and also include complex all human organ on chip models which are able to recapitulate more accurately the interaction in the in vivo situation. Thereafter, commonly encountered NPs in both the environment and in biomedical applications and their possible effects on the immune system are discussed in more detail. Not all effects of NPs on the immune system are detrimental; in the final section, we review several promising strategies in which the immune response towards NPs can be exploited to suit specific applications such as vaccination and cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Pondman
- Applied Microfluidics for BioEngineering Research, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology & TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.
| | - Séverine Le Gac
- Applied Microfluidics for BioEngineering Research, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology & TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Uday Kishore
- Biosciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK; Department of Veterinary Medicine, U.A.E. University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Lu Y, Shi Y, Wu Q, Sun X, Zhang WZ, Xu XL, Chen W. An Overview of Drug Delivery Nanosystems for Sepsis-Related Liver Injury Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:765-779. [PMID: 36820059 PMCID: PMC9938667 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s394802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, which is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infection, has high morbidity and mortality. Sepsis-related liver injury is one of the manifestations of sepsis-induced multiple organ syndrome. To date, an increasing number of studies have shown that the hepatic inflammatory response, oxidative stress, microcirculation coagulation dysfunction, and bacterial translocation play extremely vital roles in the occurrence and development of sepsis-related liver injury. In the clinic, sepsis-related liver injury is mainly treated by routine empirical methods on the basis of the primary disease. However, these therapies have some shortcomings, such as serious side effects, short duration of drug effects and lack of specificity. The emergence of drug delivery nanosystems can significantly improve drug bioavailability and reduce toxic side effects. In this paper, we reviewed drug delivery nanosystems designed for the treatment of sepsis-related liver injury according to their mechanisms (hepatic inflammation response, oxidative stress, coagulation dysfunction in the microcirculation, and bacterial translocation). Although much promising progress has been achieved, translation into clinical practice is still difficult. To this end, we also discussed the key issues currently facing this field, including immune system rejection and single treatment modalities. Finally, with the rigorous optimization of nanotechnology and the deepening of research, drug delivery nanosystems have great potential for the treatment of sepsis-related liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- ICU, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Shi
- ICU, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Wu
- ICU, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Sun
- ICU, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Zhen Zhang
- ICU, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ling Xu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China,Xiao-Ling Xu, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, 8 Shuren Street, Hangzhou, 310015, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Wei Chen
- ICU, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Wei Chen, ICU, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South WanPing Road, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-21-64385700-3522, Email
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8
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Russell P, Esser L, Hagemeyer CE, Voelcker NH. The potential impact of nanomedicine on COVID-19-induced thrombosis. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:11-22. [PMID: 36536042 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01270-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extensive reports of pulmonary embolisms, ischaemic stroke and myocardial infarctions caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as well as a significantly increased long-term risk of cardiovascular diseases in COVID-19 survivors, have highlighted severe deficiencies in our understanding of thromboinflammation and the need for new therapeutic options. Due to the complexity of the immunothrombosis pathophysiology, the efficacy of treatment with conventional anti-thrombotic medication is questioned. Thrombolytics do appear efficacious, but are hindered by severe bleeding risks, limiting their use. Nanomedicine can have profound impact in this context, protecting delicate (bio)pharmaceuticals from degradation en route and enabling delivery in a targeted and on demand manner. We provide an overview of the most promising nanocarrier systems and design strategies that may be adapted to develop nanomedicine for COVID-19-induced thromboinflammation, including dual-therapeutic approaches with antiviral and immunosuppressants. Resultant targeted and side-effect-free treatment may aid greatly in the fight against the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peije Russell
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lars Esser
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christoph E Hagemeyer
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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9
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Zschiesche L, Janko C, Friedrich B, Frey B, Band J, Lyer S, Alexiou C, Unterweger H. Biocompatibility of Dextran-Coated 30 nm and 80 nm Sized SPIONs towards Monocytes, Dendritic Cells and Lymphocytes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:14. [PMID: 36615924 PMCID: PMC9823599 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dextran-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONDex) of various sizes can be used as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of different tissues, e.g., liver or atherosclerotic plaques, after intravenous injection. In previous studies, the blood compatibility and the absence of immunogenicity of SPIONDex was demonstrated. The investigation of the interference of SPIONDex with stimulated immune cell activation is the aim of this study. For this purpose, sterile and endotoxin-free SPIONDex with different hydrodynamic sizes (30 and 80 nm) were investigated for their effect on monocytes, dendritic cells (DC) and lymphocytes in concentrations up to 200 µg/mL, which would be administered for use as an imaging agent. The cells were analyzed using flow cytometry and brightfield microscopy. We found that SPIONDex were hardly taken up by THP-1 monocytes and did not reduce cell viability. In the presence of SPIONDex, the phagocytosis of zymosan and E. coli by THP-1 was dose-dependently reduced. SPIONDex neither induced the maturation of DCs nor interfered with their stimulated maturation. The particles did not induce lymphocyte proliferation or interfere with lymphocyte proliferation after stimulation. Since SPIONDex rapidly distribute via the blood circulation in vivo, high concentrations were only reached locally at the injection site immediately after application and only for a very limited time. Thus, SPIONDex can be considered immune compatible in doses required for use as an MRI contrast agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Zschiesche
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Janko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Friedrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Frey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Band
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Lyer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Professorship for AI-Controlled Nanomaterials, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harald Unterweger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Professorship for AI-Controlled Nanomaterials, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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10
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In Vitro Setup for Determination of Nanoparticle-Mediated Magnetic Cell and Drug Accumulation in Tumor Spheroids under Flow Conditions. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235978. [PMID: 36497463 PMCID: PMC9736094 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are used in nanomedicine as transporter systems for therapeutic cargos, or to magnetize cells to make them magnetically guidable. In cancer treatment, the site-directed delivery of chemotherapeutics or immune effector cells to the tumor can increase the therapeutic efficacy in the target region, and simultaneously reduce toxic side-effects in the rest of the body. To enable the transfer of new methods, such as the nanoparticle-mediated transport from bench to bedside, suitable experimental setups must be developed. In vivo, the SPIONs or SPION-loaded cells must be applied into the blood stream, to finally reach the tumor: consequently, targeting and treatment efficacy should be analyzed under conditions which are as close to in vivo as possible. Here, we established an in vitro method, including tumor spheroids placed in a chamber system under the influence of a magnetic field, and adapted to a peristaltic pump, to mimic the blood flow. This enabled us to analyze the magnetic capture and antitumor effects of magnetically targeted mitoxantrone and immune cells under dynamic conditions. We showed that the magnetic nanoparticle-mediated accumulation increased the anti-tumor effects, and reduced the unspecific distribution of both mitoxantrone and cells. Especially for nanomedical research, investigation of the site-specific targeting of particles, cells or drugs under circulation is important. We conclude that our in vitro setup improves the screening process of nanomedical candidates for cancer treatment.
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Saafane A, Girard D. Interaction between iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe 3O 4 NPs) and human neutrophils: Evidence that Fe 3O 4 NPs possess some pro-inflammatory activities. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 365:110053. [PMID: 35872045 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) are important for different medical applications. However, potential toxicity has been reported and several parameters must still be studied to reach highest therapeutic efficacy with minimal undesired effects. Inflammation is one of the most reported undesired effects of NP exposure in a variety of inflammatory models and conflicting data exist regarding whether Fe3O4 NPs possess pro- or anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this study was to determine the direct effect of Fe3O4 NPs on the biology of neutrophil, a key player cell in inflammation. Freshly isolated human neutrophils were incubated in vitro with Fe3O4 NPs, and several functions have been studied. Using transmission electronic microscopy, Fe3O4 NPs were found to be ingested by neutrophils. These NPs do not induce a respiratory burst by themselves, but they increase the ability of neutrophils to adhere onto human endothelial cells as well as enhance phagocytosis. An antibody array approach revealed that Fe3O4 NPs induce the production of some cytokines, including the chemokine IL-8 (CXCL8), which was confirmed by ELISA. Fe3O4NPs were found to delay spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis regardless of sex of the donor. Using a pharmacological approach, we demonstrate that Fe3O4 NPs delay apoptosis by a de novo protein synthesis-dependent mechanism and via different cell signalling pathways. The data indicate that Fe3O4 NPs can alter the biology of human neutrophils and that they possess some pro-inflammatory effects, particularly based on their capacity to delay apoptosis and to induce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, Fe3O4 NPs can regulate inflammation by targeting human neutrophil functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz Saafane
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Inflammation et Physiologie des Granulocytes, Université Du Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis Girard
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Inflammation et Physiologie des Granulocytes, Université Du Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada.
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Snoderly HT, Freshwater KA, Martinez de la Torre C, Panchal DM, Vito JN, Bennewitz MF. PEGylation of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Modulates Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12020123. [PMID: 35200382 PMCID: PMC8869785 DOI: 10.3390/bios12020123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Novel metal oxide nanoparticle (NP) contrast agents may offer safety and functionality advantages over conventional gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) for cancer diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging. However, little is known about the behavior of metal oxide NPs, or of their effect, upon coming into contact with the innate immune system. As neutrophils are the body's first line of defense, we sought to understand how manganese oxide and iron oxide NPs impact leukocyte functionality. Specifically, we evaluated whether contrast agents caused neutrophils to release web-like fibers of DNA known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are known to enhance metastasis and thrombosis in cancer patients. Murine neutrophils were treated with GBCA, bare manganese oxide or iron oxide NPs, or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-coated metal oxide NPs with different incorporated levels of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Manganese oxide NPs elicited the highest NETosis rates and had enhanced neutrophil uptake properties compared to iron oxide NPs. Interestingly, NPs with low levels of PEGylation produced more NETs than those with higher PEGylation. Despite generating a low rate of NETosis, GBCA altered neutrophil cytokine expression more than NP treatments. This study is the first to investigate whether manganese oxide NPs and GBCAs modulate NETosis and reveals that contrast agents may have unintended off-target effects which warrant further investigation.
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13
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The consequences of particle uptake on immune cells. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:305-320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Koval V, Morozova E, Revtovich S, Lyfenko A, Chobanian A, Timofeeva V, Solovieva A, Anufrieva N, Kulikova V, Demidkina T. Characteristics and Stability Assessment of Therapeutic Methionine γ-lyase-Loaded Polyionic Vesicles. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:959-967. [PMID: 35036759 PMCID: PMC8757458 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent methionine γ-lyase from Citrobacter freundii (MGL, EC 4.4.1.11) is studied as an antitumor enzyme and in combination with substrates as an antibacterial agent in enzyme pro-drug therapy. For the possibility of in vivo trials, two mutant forms, C115H MGL and V358Y MGL, were encapsulated into polyionic vesicles (PICsomes). Five pairs of polymers with the number of polymer chain units 20, 50, 70, 120, and 160 were synthesized. The effect of polymer length-PEGylated poly-l-aspartic acid and poly-l-lysine-on the degree of MGL incorporation into PICsomes and their size was investigated. Encapsulation of proteins in PICsomes is a rather new technique. Our data demonstrated that the length of the polymers and, therefore, the ratio of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic fragments most likely should be selected individually for each protein to be encapsulated. The efficiency of encapsulation of MGL mutant forms into PICsomes was up to 11%. The hydrodynamic diameter and surface potential of hollow and MGL-loaded PICsomes were evaluated by the dynamic light scattering method. The size and morphology of the PICsomes were determined by atomic force microscopy. The most acceptable for further in vivo studies were PICsomes20 with a size of 57-64 nm, PICsomes70 of 50-90 nm, and PICsomes120 of 100-105 nm. The analysis of the steady-state parameters has demonstrated that both mutant forms retained their catalytic properties inside the nanoparticles. The release study of the enzymes from PICsomes revealed that about 50% of the enzymes remained encapsulated in PICsomes70 and PICsomes120 after 24 h. Based on the data obtained, the most promising for in vivo studies are PICsomes70 and PICsomes120.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily Koval
- FSBIS
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of
Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Elena Morozova
- FSBIS
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of
Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Svetlana Revtovich
- FSBIS
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of
Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anna Lyfenko
- FSBIS
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of
Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Arpi Chobanian
- FSBIS
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of
Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Viktoria Timofeeva
- N.
N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of
Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anna Solovieva
- N.
N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of
Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Natalya Anufrieva
- FSBIS
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of
Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Vitalia Kulikova
- FSBIS
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of
Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Tatyana Demidkina
- FSBIS
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of
Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
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15
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Tran HDN, Moonshi SS, Xu ZP, Ta HT. Influence of nanoparticles on the haemostatic balance: between thrombosis and haemorrhage. Biomater Sci 2021; 10:10-50. [PMID: 34775503 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01351c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of a delicate haemostatic balance or a balance between clotting and bleeding is critical to human health. Irrespective of administration route, nanoparticles can reach the bloodstream and might interrupt the haemostatic balance by interfering with one or more components of the coagulation, anticoagulation, and fibrinolytic systems, which potentially lead to thrombosis or haemorrhage. However, inadequate understanding of their effects on the haemostatic balance, along with the fact that most studies mainly focus on the functionality of nanoparticles while forgetting or leaving behind their risk to the body's haemostatic balance, is a major concern. Hence, our review aims to provide a comprehensive depiction of nanoparticle-haemostatic balance interactions, which has not yet been covered. The synergistic roles of cells and plasma factors participating in haemostatic balance are presented. Possible interactions and interference of each type of nanoparticle with the haemostatic balance are comprehensively discussed, particularly focusing on the underlying mechanisms. Interactions of nanoparticles with innate immunity potentially linked to haemostasis are mentioned. Various physicochemical characteristics that influence the nanoparticle-haemostatic balance are detailed. Challenges and future directions are also proposed. This insight would be valuable for the establishment of nanoparticles that can either avoid unintended interference with the haemostatic balance or purposely downregulate/upregulate its key components in a controlled manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong D N Tran
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia. .,Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | | | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Hang Thu Ta
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia. .,Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
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Zhuo Z, Wang J, Luo Y, Zeng R, Zhang C, Zhou W, Guo K, Wu H, Sha W, Chen H. Targeted extracellular vesicle delivery systems employing superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Acta Biomater 2021; 134:13-31. [PMID: 34284151 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, the study of extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially exosomes (50-150 nm) have attracted growing interest in numerous areas of cancer and tissue regeneration due to their unique biological features. A low isolation yield and insufficient targeting abilities limit their therapeutic applicability. Recently, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with magnetic navigation have been exploited to enhance the targeting ability of EVs. To construct targeted EV delivery systems engineered by SPIONs, several groups have pioneered the use of different techniques, such as electroporation, natural incubation, and cell extrusion, to directly internalize SPIONs into EVs. Furthermore, some endogenous ligands, such as transferrins, antibodies, aptamers, and streptavidin, were shown to enable modification of SPIONs, which increases binding with EVs. In this review, we summarized recent advances in targeted EV delivery systems engineered by SPIONs and focused on the key methodological approaches and the current applications of magnetic EVs. This report aims to address the existing challenges and provide comprehensive insights into targeted EV delivery systems. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Targeted extracellular vesicle (EV) delivery systems engineered by superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have attracted wide attention and research interest in recent years. Such strategies employ external magnet fields to manipulate SPION-functionalized EVs remotely, aiming to enhance their accumulation and penetration in vivo. Although iron oxide nanoparticle laden EVs are interesting, they are controversial at present, hampering the progress in their clinical application. A thorough integration of these studies is needed for an advanced insight and rational design of targeted EV delivery systems. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in the design strategies of targeted EV delivery systems engineered by SPIONs with a focus on their key methodological approaches, current applications, limitation and future perspectives, which may facilitate the development of natural theranostic nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewei Zhuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yujun Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Ruijie Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Weijie Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kehang Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Huihuan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Weihong Sha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Yaykasli KO, Schauer C, Muñoz LE, Mahajan A, Knopf J, Schett G, Herrmann M. Neutrophil Extracellular Trap-Driven Occlusive Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:2208. [PMID: 34571857 PMCID: PMC8466545 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The enlightenment of the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a part of the innate immune system shed new insights into the pathologies of various diseases. The initial idea that NETs are a pivotal defense structure was gradually amended due to several deleterious effects in consecutive investigations. NETs formation is now considered a double-edged sword. The harmful effects are not limited to the induction of inflammation by NETs remnants but also include occlusions caused by aggregated NETs (aggNETs). The latter carries the risk of occluding tubular structures like vessels or ducts and appear to be associated with the pathologies of various diseases. In addition to life-threatening vascular clogging, other occlusions include painful stone formation in the biliary system, the kidneys, the prostate, and the appendix. AggNETs are also prone to occlude the ductal system of exocrine glands, as seen in ocular glands, salivary glands, and others. Last, but not least, they also clog the pancreatic ducts in a murine model of neutrophilia. In this regard, elucidating the mechanism of NETs-dependent occlusions is of crucial importance for the development of new therapeutic approaches. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to address the putative mechanisms of NETs-associated occlusions in the pathogenesis of disease, as well as prospective treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kursat Oguz Yaykasli
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.O.Y.); (L.E.M.); (A.M.); (J.K.); (G.S.); (M.H.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christine Schauer
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.O.Y.); (L.E.M.); (A.M.); (J.K.); (G.S.); (M.H.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Luis E. Muñoz
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.O.Y.); (L.E.M.); (A.M.); (J.K.); (G.S.); (M.H.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aparna Mahajan
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.O.Y.); (L.E.M.); (A.M.); (J.K.); (G.S.); (M.H.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Knopf
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.O.Y.); (L.E.M.); (A.M.); (J.K.); (G.S.); (M.H.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.O.Y.); (L.E.M.); (A.M.); (J.K.); (G.S.); (M.H.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.O.Y.); (L.E.M.); (A.M.); (J.K.); (G.S.); (M.H.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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18
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Friedrich RP, Janko C, Unterweger H, Lyer S, Alexiou C. SPIONs and magnetic hybrid materials: Synthesis, toxicology and biomedical applications. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2019-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In the past decades, a wide variety of different superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been synthesized. Due to their unique properties, such as big surface-to-volume ratio, superparamagnetism and comparatively low toxicity, they are principally well suited for many different technical and biomedical applications. Meanwhile, there are a numerous synthesis methods for SPIONs, but high requirements for biocompatibility have so far delayed a successful translation into the clinic. Moreover, depending on the planned application, such as for imaging, magnetic drug targeting, hyperthermia or for hybrid materials intended for regenerative medicine, specific physicochemical and biological properties are inevitable. Since a summary of all existing SPION systems, their properties and application is far too extensive, this review reports on selected methods for SPION synthesis, their biocompatibility and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf P. Friedrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery , Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship Universitätsklinikum , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Christina Janko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery , Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship Universitätsklinikum , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Harald Unterweger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery , Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship Universitätsklinikum , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Stefan Lyer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery , Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship Universitätsklinikum , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery , Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship Universitätsklinikum , Erlangen , Germany
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Papafilippou L, Claxton A, Dark P, Kostarelos K, Hadjidemetriou M. Nanotools for Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001378. [PMID: 33236524 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide with high mortality rates and a pathological complexity hindering early and accurate diagnosis. Today, laboratory culture tests are the epitome of pathogen recognition in sepsis. However, their consistency remains an issue of controversy with false negative results often observed. Clinically used blood markers, C reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) are indicators of an acute-phase response and thus lack specificity, offering limited diagnostic efficacy. In addition to poor diagnosis, inefficient drug delivery and the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms constitute significant barriers in antibiotic stewardship and impede effective therapy. These challenges have prompted the exploration for alternative strategies that pursue accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Nanomaterials are examined for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in sepsis. The nanoparticle (NP)-enabled capture of sepsis causative agents and/or sepsis biomarkers in biofluids can revolutionize sepsis diagnosis. From the therapeutic point of view, currently existing nanoscale drug delivery systems have proven to be excellent allies in targeted therapy, while many other nanotherapeutic applications are envisioned. Herein, the most relevant applications of nanomedicine for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of sepsis is reviewed, providing a critical assessment of their potentiality for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Papafilippou
- Nanomedicine Lab Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health AV Hill Building The University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PT UK
| | - Andrew Claxton
- Department of Critical Care Salford Royal Foundation Trust Stott Lane Salford M6 8HD UK
| | - Paul Dark
- Manchester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Division of Infection Immunity and Respiratory Medicine University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PT UK
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health AV Hill Building The University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PT UK
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2) Campus UAB Bellaterra Barcelona 08193 Spain
| | - Marilena Hadjidemetriou
- Nanomedicine Lab Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health AV Hill Building The University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PT UK
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Garcia G, Kim MH, Morikis VA, Simon SI. Neutrophil Inflammatory Response Is Downregulated by Uptake of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Therapeutics. Front Immunol 2020; 11:571489. [PMID: 33362760 PMCID: PMC7757401 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.571489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) are employed as diagnostics and therapeutics following intravenous delivery for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in adult patients with chronic kidney failure. Neutrophils are the first defense against blood borne foreign insult and recruit to vascular sites of inflammation via a sequential process that is characterized by adhesive capture, rolling, and shear resistant arrest. A primary chemotactic agonist presented on the glycocalyx of inflamed endothelium is IL-8, which upon binding to its cognate membrane receptor (CXCR1/2) activates a suite of responses in neutrophils. An early response is degranulation with accompanying upregulation of β2-integrin (CD11/CD18) and shedding of L-selectin (CD62L) receptors, which exert differential effects on the efficiency of endothelial recruitment. Feraheme is an FDA approved SPION treatment for IDA, but its effect on the innate immune response of neutrophils during inflammation has not been reported. Here, we studied the immunomodulatory effects of Feraheme on neutrophils freshly isolated from healthy human subjects and stimulated in suspension or on inflammatory mimetic substrates with IL-8. Cells treated with Feraheme exhibited reduced sensitivity to stimulation with IL-8, indicated by reduced upregulation of membrane CD11b/CD18 receptors, high affinity (HA) CD18, and shedding of CD62L. Feraheme also inhibited N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) induced reactive oxygen species production. Neutrophil rolling, arrest, and migration was assessed in vascular mimetic microfluidic channels coated with E-selectin and ICAM-1 to simulate inflamed endothelium. Neutrophils exposed to Feraheme rolled faster on E-selectin and arrested less frequently on ICAM-1, in a manner dependent upon SPION concentration. Subsequent neutrophil shape change, and migration were also significantly inhibited in the presence of Feraheme. Lastly, Feraheme accelerated clearance of cytosolic calcium flux following IL-8 stimulation. We conclude that uptake of Feraheme by neutrophils inhibits chemotactic activation and downregulates normal rolling to arrest under shear flow. The mechanism involves increased calcium clearance following chemotactic activation, which may diminish the efficiency of recruitment from the circulation at vascular sites of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Garcia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Min-Ho Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Vasilios Aris Morikis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Scott I. Simon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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21
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Ahmad A, Ansari MM, Kumar A, Vyawahare A, Mishra RK, Jayamurugan G, Raza SS, Khan R. Comparative acute intravenous toxicity study of triple polymer-layered magnetic nanoparticles with bare magnetic nanoparticles in Swiss albino mice. Nanotoxicology 2020; 14:1362-1380. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1829144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anas Ahmad
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Mohali, India
| | - Md. Meraj Ansari
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Mohali, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Mohali, India
| | - Akshay Vyawahare
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Mohali, India
| | | | | | - Syed Shadab Raza
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College Hospital, Lucknow, India
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Rehan Khan
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Mohali, India
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22
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Mitoxantrone-Loaded Nanoparticles for Magnetically Controlled Tumor Therapy-Induction of Tumor Cell Death, Release of Danger Signals and Activation of Immune Cells. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12100923. [PMID: 32992645 PMCID: PMC7599695 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulating the patient’s immune system represents a promising therapeutic strategy to fight cancer. However, low immunogenicity of the tumor cells within an immune suppressive milieu often leads to weak anti-tumor immune responses. Additionally, the immune system may be impaired by accompanying aggressive chemotherapies. We show that mitoxantrone, bound to superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as the transport system, can be magnetically accumulated in adherent HT-29 colon carcinoma cells, thereby inducing the same cell death phenotype as its soluble counterpart, a chemotherapeutic agent and prototypic inductor of immunogenic cell death. The nanoparticle-loaded drug induces cell cycle stop, apoptosis and secondary necrosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner comparable to the free drug. Cell death was accompanied by the release of interleukin-8 and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as HSP70 and ATP, which fostered chemotactic migration of monocytes and maturation of dendritic cells. We furthermore ensured absence of endotoxin contaminations and compatibility with erythrocytes and platelets and investigated the influence on plasma coagulation in vitro. Summarizing, with magnetic enrichment, mitoxantrone can be accumulated at the desired place, sparing healthy peripheral cells and tissues, such as immune cells. Conserving immune competence in cancer patients in the future might allow combined therapeutic approaches with immune therapies (e.g., checkpoint inhibitors).
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Methods of Granulocyte Isolation from Human Blood and Labeling with Multimodal Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040765. [PMID: 32053865 PMCID: PMC7070653 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This in vitro study aimed to find the best method of granulocyte isolation for subsequent labeling with multimodal nanoparticles (magnetic and fluorescent properties) to enable detection by optical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. The granulocytes were obtained from venous blood samples from 12 healthy volunteers. To achieve high purity and yield, four different methods of granulocyte isolation were evaluated. The isolated granulocytes were labeled with multimodal superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (M-SPIONs) coated with dextran, and the iron load was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively by MRI, near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The best method of granulocyte isolation was Percoll with Ficoll, which showed 95.92% purity and 94% viability. After labeling with M-SPIONs, the granulocytes showed 98.0% purity with a yield of 3.5 × 106 cells/mL and more than 98.6% viability. The iron-loading value in the labeled granulocytes, as obtained by MRI, was 6.40 ± 0.18 pg/cell. Similar values were found with the ICP-MS and NIRF imaging techniques. Therefore, our study shows that it is possible to isolate granulocytes with high purity and yield and labeling with M-SPIONs provides a high internalized iron load and low toxicity to cells. Therefore, these M-SPION-labeled granulocytes could be a promising candidate for future use in inflammation/infection detection by optical and MRI techniques.
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Gao J, Xia B, Li S, Huang L, Ma T, Shi X, Luo K, Yang Y, Zhao L, Zhang H, Luo B, Huang J. Magnetic Field Promotes Migration of Schwann Cells with Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC)-Loaded Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles Across Astrocyte Boundary in vitro. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:315-332. [PMID: 32021182 PMCID: PMC6980842 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s227328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The clinical outcome of spinal cord injury is usually poor due to the lack of axonal regeneration and glia scar formation. As one of the most classical supporting cells in neural regeneration, Schwann cells (SCs) provide bioactive substrates for axonal migration and release molecules that regulate axonal growth. However, the effect of SC transplantation is limited by their poor migration capacity in the astrocyte-rich central nervous system. METHODS In this study, we first magnetofected SCs with chondroitinase ABC-polyethylenimine functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (ChABC/PEI-SPIONs) to induce overexpression of ChABC for the removal of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. These are inhibitory factors and forming a dense scar that acts as a barrier to the regenerating axons. In vitro, we observed the migration of SCs in the region of astrocytes after the application of a stable external magnetic field. RESULTS We found that magnetofection with ChABC/PEI-SPIONs significantly up-regulated the expression of ChABC in SCs. Under the driven effect of the directional magnetic field (MF), the migration of magnetofected SCs was enhanced in the direction of the magnetic force. The number of SCs with ChABC/PEI-SPIONs migrated and the distance of migration into the astrocyte region was significantly increased. The number of SCs with ChABC/PEI-SPIONs that migrated into the astrocyte region was 11.6- and 4.6-fold higher than those observed for the intact control and non-MF groups, respectively. Furthermore, it was found that SCs with ChABC/PEI-SPIONs were in close contact with astrocytes and no longer formed boundaries in the presence of MF. CONCLUSION The mobility of the SCs with ChABC/PEI-SPIONs was enhanced along the axis of MF, holding the potential to promote nerve regeneration by providing a bioactive microenvironment and relieving glial obstruction to axonal regeneration in the treatment of spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengyou Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangliang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Central Theater Command of People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 985th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujie Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Laihe Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, People’s Hospital of Longhua District, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Beier Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinghui Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
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Keshavan S, Calligari P, Stella L, Fusco L, Delogu LG, Fadeel B. Nano-bio interactions: a neutrophil-centric view. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:569. [PMID: 31358731 PMCID: PMC6662811 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1806-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are key components of the innate arm of the immune system and represent the frontline of host defense against intruding pathogens. However, neutrophils can also cause damage to the host. Nanomaterials are being developed for a multitude of different purposes and these minute materials may find their way into the body through deliberate or inadvertent exposure; understanding nanomaterial interactions with the immune system is therefore of critical importance. However, whereas numerous studies have focused on macrophages, less attention is devoted to nanomaterial interactions with neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes in the blood. We discuss the impact of engineered nanomaterials on neutrophils and how neutrophils, in turn, may digest certain carbon-based materials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide. We also discuss the role of the corona of proteins adsorbed onto the surface of nanomaterials and whether nanomaterials are sensed as pathogens by cells of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Keshavan
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Calligari
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Stella
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Fusco
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucia Gemma Delogu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Janko C, Ratschker T, Nguyen K, Zschiesche L, Tietze R, Lyer S, Alexiou C. Functionalized Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs) as Platform for the Targeted Multimodal Tumor Therapy. Front Oncol 2019; 9:59. [PMID: 30815389 PMCID: PMC6382019 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Standard cancer treatments involve surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. In clinical practice, the respective drugs are applied orally or intravenously leading to their systemic circulation in the whole organism. For chemotherapeutics or immune modulatory agents, severe side effects such as immune depression or autoimmunity can occur. At the same time the intratumoral drug doses are often too low for effective cancer therapy. Since monotherapies frequently cannot cure cancer, due to their synergistic effects multimodal therapy concepts are applied to enhance treatment efficacy. The targeted delivery of drugs to the tumor by employment of functionalized nanoparticles might be a promising solution to overcome these challenges. For multimodal therapy concepts and individualized patient care nanoparticle platforms can be functionalized with compounds from various therapeutic classes (e.g. radiosensitizers, phototoxic drugs, chemotherapeutics, immune modulators). Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as drug transporters can add further functionalities, such as guidance or heating by external magnetic fields (Magnetic Drug Targeting or Magnetic Hyperthermia), and imaging-controlled therapy (Magnetic Resonance Imaging).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Janko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Teresa Ratschker
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Khanh Nguyen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lisa Zschiesche
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Tietze
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Lyer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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