1
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Hernandez C, Gorska AM, Eugenin E. Mechanisms of HIV-mediated blood-brain barrier compromise and leukocyte transmigration under the current antiretroviral era. iScience 2024; 27:109236. [PMID: 38487019 PMCID: PMC10937838 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
HIV-associated neurological compromise is observed in more than half of all people with HIV (PWH), even under antiretroviral therapy (ART). The mechanism has been associated with the early transmigration of HIV-infected monocytes across the BBB in a CCL2 and HIV replication-dependent manner. However, the mechanisms of chronic brain damage are unknown. We demonstrate that all PWH under ART have elevated circulating ATP levels that correlate with the onset of cognitive impairment even in the absence of a circulating virus. Serum ATP levels found in PWH with the most severe neurocognitive impairment trigger the transcellular migration of HIV-infected leukocytes across the BBB in a JAM-A and LFA-1-dependent manner. We propose that targeting transcellular leukocyte transmigration could reduce or prevent the devastating consequences of HIV within the brains of PWH under ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Hernandez
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Anna Maria Gorska
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eliseo Eugenin
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX, USA
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2
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Haghayegh Jahromi N, Gkountidi AO, Collado-Diaz V, Blatter K, Bauer A, Zambounis L, Medina-Sanchez JD, Russo E, Runge P, Restivo G, Gousopoulos E, Lindenblatt N, Levesque MP, Halin C. CD112 Supports Lymphatic Migration of Human Dermal Dendritic Cells. Cells 2024; 13:424. [PMID: 38474388 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) migration from peripheral tissues via afferent lymphatic vessels to draining lymph nodes (dLNs) is important for the organism's immune regulation and immune protection. Several lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC)-expressed adhesion molecules have thus far been found to support transmigration and movement within the lymphatic vasculature. In this study, we investigated the contribution of CD112, an adhesion molecule that we recently found to be highly expressed in murine LECs, to this process. Performing in vitro assays in the murine system, we found that transmigration of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs) across or adhesion to murine LEC monolayers was reduced when CD112 was absent on LECs, DCs, or both cell types, suggesting the involvement of homophilic CD112-CD112 interactions. While CD112 was highly expressed in murine dermal LECs, CD112 levels were low in endogenous murine dermal DCs and BM-DCs. This might explain why we observed no defect in the in vivo lymphatic migration of adoptively transferred BM-DCs or endogenous DCs from the skin to dLNs. Compared to murine DCs, human monocyte-derived DCs expressed higher CD112 levels, and their migration across human CD112-expressing LECs was significantly reduced upon CD112 blockade. CD112 expression was also readily detected in endogenous human dermal DCs and LECs by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Upon incubating human skin punch biopsies in the presence of CD112-blocking antibodies, DC emigration from the tissue into the culture medium was significantly reduced, indicating impaired lymphatic migration. Overall, our data reveal a contribution of CD112 to human DC migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Haghayegh Jahromi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anastasia-Olga Gkountidi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Victor Collado-Diaz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Blatter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aline Bauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lito Zambounis
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Erica Russo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Runge
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gaetana Restivo
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Epameinondas Gousopoulos
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Lindenblatt
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mitchell P Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Clahsen T, Hadrian K, Notara M, Schlereth SL, Howaldt A, Prokosch V, Volatier T, Hos D, Schroedl F, Kaser-Eichberger A, Heindl LM, Steven P, Bosch JJ, Steinkasserer A, Rokohl AC, Liu H, Mestanoglu M, Kashkar H, Schumacher B, Kiefer F, Schulte-Merker S, Matthaei M, Hou Y, Fassbender S, Jantsch J, Zhang W, Enders P, Bachmann B, Bock F, Cursiefen C. The novel role of lymphatic vessels in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases. Prog Retin Eye Res 2023; 96:101157. [PMID: 36759312 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Historically, the eye has been considered as an organ free of lymphatic vessels. In recent years, however, it became evident, that lymphatic vessels or lymphatic-like vessels contribute to several ocular pathologies at various peri- and intraocular locations. The aim of this review is to outline the pathogenetic role of ocular lymphatics, the respective molecular mechanisms and to discuss current and future therapeutic options based thereon. We will give an overview on the vascular anatomy of the healthy ocular surface and the molecular mechanisms contributing to corneal (lymph)angiogenic privilege. In addition, we present (i) current insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms occurring during pathological neovascularization of the cornea triggered e.g. by inflammation or trauma, (ii) the role of lymphatic vessels in different ocular surface pathologies such as dry eye disease, corneal graft rejection, ocular graft versus host disease, allergy, and pterygium, (iii) the involvement of lymphatic vessels in ocular tumors and metastasis, and (iv) the novel role of the lymphatic-like structure of Schlemm's canal in glaucoma. Identification of the underlying molecular mechanisms and of novel modulators of lymphangiogenesis will contribute to the development of new therapeutic targets for the treatment of ocular diseases associated with pathological lymphangiogenesis in the future. The preclinical data presented here outline novel therapeutic concepts for promoting transplant survival, inhibiting metastasis of ocular tumors, reducing inflammation of the ocular surface, and treating glaucoma. Initial data from clinical trials suggest first success of novel treatment strategies to promote transplant survival based on pretransplant corneal lymphangioregression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Clahsen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karina Hadrian
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria Notara
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simona L Schlereth
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Antonia Howaldt
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Verena Prokosch
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Volatier
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Deniz Hos
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Falk Schroedl
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology - Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Alexandra Kaser-Eichberger
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology - Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ludwig M Heindl
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Steven
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cluster of Excellence: Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases, CECAD, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jacobus J Bosch
- Centre for Human Drug Research and Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Alexander C Rokohl
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hanhan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mert Mestanoglu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hamid Kashkar
- Institute for Molecular Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), CECAD Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Björn Schumacher
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cluster of Excellence: Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases, CECAD, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Friedemann Kiefer
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Schulte-Merker
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Mario Matthaei
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yanhong Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Sonja Fassbender
- IUF‒Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany; Immunology and Environment, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jonathan Jantsch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philip Enders
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Björn Bachmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Bock
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Claus Cursiefen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cluster of Excellence: Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases, CECAD, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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4
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Bauer A, Klassa S, Herbst A, Maccioni C, Abhamon W, Segueni N, Kaluzhny Y, Hunter MC, Halin C. Optimization and Characterization of Novel ALCAM-Targeting Antibody Fragments for Transepithelial Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1841. [PMID: 37514028 PMCID: PMC10385607 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) is a cell adhesion molecule that supports T cell activation, leukocyte migration, and (lymph)angiogenesis and has been shown to contribute to the pathology of various immune-mediated disorders, including asthma and corneal graft rejection. In contrast to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting ALCAM's T cell expressed binding partner CD6, no ALCAM-targeting mAbs have thus far entered clinical development. This is likely linked with the broad expression of ALCAM on many different cell types, which increases the risk of eliciting unwanted treatment-induced side effects upon systemic mAb application. Targeting ALCAM in surface-exposed tissues, such as the lungs or the cornea, by a topical application could circumvent this issue. Here, we report the development of various stability- and affinity-improved anti-ALCAM mAb fragments with cross-species reactivity towards mouse, rat, monkey, and human ALCAM. Fragments generated in either mono- or bivalent formats potently blocked ALCAM-CD6 interactions in a competition ELISA, but only bivalent fragments efficiently inhibited ALCAM-ALCAM interactions in a leukocyte transmigration assay. The different fragments displayed a clear size-dependence in their ability to penetrate the human corneal epithelium. Furthermore, intranasal delivery of anti-ALCAM fragments reduced leukocyte infiltration in a mouse model of asthma, confirming ALCAM as a target for topical application in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Bauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 1-5/10 Vladimir-Prelog-Weg, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sven Klassa
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 1-5/10 Vladimir-Prelog-Weg, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anja Herbst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 1-5/10 Vladimir-Prelog-Weg, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Maccioni
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 1-5/10 Vladimir-Prelog-Weg, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - William Abhamon
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 1-5/10 Vladimir-Prelog-Weg, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Noria Segueni
- Artimmune SAS, 13 Avenue Buffon, 45100 Orleans, France
| | - Yulia Kaluzhny
- MatTek Corporation, 200 Homer Avenue, Ashland, MA 01721, USA
| | - Morgan Campbell Hunter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 1-5/10 Vladimir-Prelog-Weg, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 1-5/10 Vladimir-Prelog-Weg, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Sekhon AS, He B, Iovieno A, Yeung SN. Pathophysiology of Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss in Dry Eye Disease and Other Inflammatory Ocular Disorders. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023; 31:21-31. [PMID: 34678119 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2021.1980808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dry eye disease (DED) and other inflammatory ocular disorders have been reported to be associated with decreased corneal endothelial cell density (CECD), however the mechanism of underlying endothelial cell loss remains unknown. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive literature search of English-written publications on dry eye disease, corneal endothelial cell loss, Sjögren's syndrome, and Graft Vs Host Disease (GVHD), to review the effects of DED and other inflammatory ocular surface conditions on CECD. RESULTS A total of 78 studies were included in our study. Loss of corneal neurotrophic support, cytotoxic stress, and a heightened immune response, all of which may occur secondarily to a common causative agent such as inflammation, are major contributors to reduced CECD. CONCLUSION More studies are needed to determine how the interrelated pathways of altered corneal nerve function and upregulated expression of inflammatory activity influence corneal endothelial cell loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amardeep S Sekhon
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Bonnie He
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alfonso Iovieno
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sonia N Yeung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Zhang W, Schönberg A, Bassett F, Hadrian K, Hos D, Becker M, Bock F, Cursiefen C. Different Murine High-Risk Corneal Transplant Settings Vary Significantly in Their (Lymph)angiogenic and Inflammatory Cell Signatures. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:18. [PMID: 36534386 PMCID: PMC9769342 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.13.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pathologic conditions in the cornea, such as transplant rejection or trauma, can lead to corneal neovascularization, creating a high-risk environment that may compromise subsequent transplantation. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different types of corneal injury on hemangiogenesis (HA), lymphangiogenesis (LA) and immune cell pattern in the cornea. Methods We used five different corneal injury models, namely, incision injury, alkali burn, suture placement, and low-risk keratoplasty, as well as high-risk keratoplasty and naïve corneas as control. One week after incision and 2 weeks after all other different injuries, corneal HA and LA were quantified by morphometric analysis. In addition, immune cell patterns of the whole cornea and the recipient rim were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Immune cells in the draining lymph nodes (dLNs) were quantified by flow cytometry. Results Different types of corneal injury caused significantly different HA and LA responses (both P < 0.0001). The infiltration of corneal macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II+ cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells varied significantly in different high-risk settings (all P < 0.0001). Both the expression of MHC II on macrophages (P = 0.0005) and the frequency of MHC II+ dendritic cells (P = 0.0014) in the draining lymph nodes were significantly different across the various high-risk scenarios. Conclusions Murine high-risk settings caused by different underlying pathologies vary significantly in their (lymph)angiogenic and inflammatory cell patterns. Therefore, anti(lymph)angiogenic or immunomodulatory strategies to prevent and/or treat immune responses after subsequent corneal transplantation may need to be customized according to their immune-vascular "signatures."
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alfrun Schönberg
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fiona Bassett
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karina Hadrian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Deniz Hos
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martina Becker
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Bock
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Claus Cursiefen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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7
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Soliman SA, Stanley S, Vanarsa K, Ismail F, Mok CC, Mohan C. Exploring urine:serum fractional excretion ratios as potential biomarkers for lupus nephritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:910993. [PMID: 36091001 PMCID: PMC9449537 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.910993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The goal of this exploratory study is to determine if urine:serum fractional excretion ratios can outperform the corresponding urinary biomarker proteins in identifying active renal disease in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Thirty-six adult SLE patients and twelve healthy controls were examined for serum and urine levels of 8 protein markers, namely ALCAM, calpastatin, hemopexin, peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6), platelet factor 4 (PF4), properdin, TFPI and VCAM-1, by ELISA. Fractional excretion of analyzed biomarkers was calculated after normalizing both the urine and serum biomarker levels against creatinine. A further validation cohort of fifty SLE patients was included to validate the initial findings. Results The FE ratios of all 8 proteins interrogated outperformed conventional disease activity markers such as anti-dsDNA, C3 and C4 in identifying renal disease activity. All but VCAM-1FE were superior to the corresponding urine biomarkers levels in differentiating LN activity, exhibiting positive correlation with renal SLEDAI. ALCAMFE, PF4FE and properdinFE ratios exhibited the highest accuracy (AUC>0.9) in distinguishing active LN from inactive SLE. Four of the FE ratios exhibited perfect sensitivity (calpastatin, PRDX6, PF4 and properdin), while ALCAMFE, PF4FE and properdinFE exhibited the highest specificity values for active LN. In addition, several of these novel biomarkers were associated with higher renal pathology activity indices. In the validation cohort ALCAMFE, PF4FE and properdinFE once again exhibited higher accuracy metrics, surpassing corresponding urine and serum biomarkers levels, with ALCAMFE exhibiting 95% accuracy in distinguishing active LN from inactive SLE. Conclusions With most of the tested proteins, urine:serum fractional excretion ratios outperformed corresponding urine and serum protein measurements in identifying active renal involvement in SLE. Hence, this novel class of biomarkers in SLE ought to be systemically evaluated in larger independent cohorts for their diagnostic utility in LN assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar A. Soliman
- Department of Rheumatology & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Samantha Stanley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kamala Vanarsa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Faten Ismail
- Department of Rheumatology & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Chi Chiu Mok
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chandra Mohan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Chandra Mohan,
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8
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Yu C, Li P, Dang X, Zhang X, Mao Y, Chen X. Lupus nephritis: new progress in diagnosis and treatment. J Autoimmun 2022; 132:102871. [PMID: 35999111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multifactorial autoimmune disease that affects many organs, including the kidney. Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common manifestation characterized by heterogeneous clinical and histopathological findings, and often associates with poor prognosis. The diagnosis and treatment of LN is challenging, depending largely on renal biopsy, and there is no reliable non-invasive LN biomarker. Up to now, the complete remission rate of LN is only 20%∼30% after receiving six months of standard treatment, which is far from satisfactory. Moreover, adverse reactions to immunosuppressants, especially glucocorticoids, further compromise the prognosis of LN. Biological reagents targetting autoimmune responses and inflammatory pathways, bring hope to the treatment of intractable lupus. The European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association (EULAR/ERA-EDTA) and KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) have been working on and launched the recommendations for the management of LN. In this review, we update our knowledge in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of LN and prospect for the future potential targets in the management of LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xin Dang
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yonghui Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing 100853, China.
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9
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Bock F, Saban D, Steinkasserer A. Editorial: Local Immune Modulation of Macrophages and Dendritic Cells - Local Matters. Front Immunol 2022; 13:957104. [PMID: 35833117 PMCID: PMC9271967 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.957104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Bock
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- *Correspondence: Felix Bock,
| | - Daniel Saban
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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10
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Tyckaert F, Zanin N, Morsomme P, Renard HF. Rac1, actin cytoskeleton and microtubules are key players in clathrin-independent endophilin-A3-mediated endocytosis. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:276016. [PMID: 35703091 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocytic mechanisms actively regulate plasma membrane composition and sustain fundamental cellular functions. Recently, we identified a clathrin-independent endocytic (CIE) modality mediated by the BAR domain protein endophilin-A3 (endoA3), which controls the cell surface homeostasis of the tumor marker CD166/ALCAM. Deciphering the molecular machinery of endoA3-dependent CIE should therefore contribute to a better understanding of its pathophysiological role, which remains so far unknown. Here, we investigate the role in this mechanism of actin, Rho GTPases and microtubules, which are major actors of CIE processes. We show that the actin cytoskeleton is dynamically associated with endoA3- and CD166-positive endocytic carriers and that its perturbation strongly inhibits the uptake process of CD166. We also reveal that the Rho GTPase Rac1, but not Cdc42, is a master regulator of this endocytic route. Finally, we provide evidence that microtubules and kinesin molecular motors are required to potentiate endoA3-dependent endocytosis. Of note, our study also highlights potential compensation phenomena between endoA3-dependent CIE and macropinocytosis. Altogether, our data deepen our understanding of this CIE modality and further differentiate it from other unconventional endocytic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Tyckaert
- UCLouvain, Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Group of Molecular Physiology, Croix du Sud 4-5, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,UNamur, NARILIS, Unité de recherche en biologie cellulaire animale (URBC), Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Natacha Zanin
- UNamur, NARILIS, Unité de recherche en biologie cellulaire animale (URBC), Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Pierre Morsomme
- UCLouvain, Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Group of Molecular Physiology, Croix du Sud 4-5, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Henri-François Renard
- UNamur, NARILIS, Unité de recherche en biologie cellulaire animale (URBC), Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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11
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Aitkulova A, Mukhtarova K, Zholdybayeva E, Medetov Y, Dzhamantayeva B, Kassymbek K, Utupov T, Akhmetollayev I, Akshulakov S, Kulmambetova G, Ramankulov Y. Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule/cluster of differentiation 166 rs10933819 (G>A) variant is associated with familial intracranial aneurysms. Biomed Rep 2022; 17:65. [PMID: 35815187 PMCID: PMC9260160 DOI: 10.3892/br.2022.1548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Currently, there is sufficient evidence to indicate that inflammatory responses contribute to aneurysm rupture. Moreover, the familial occurrence of SAH suggests that genetic factors may be involved in disease susceptibility. In the present study, a clinically proven case of IA in a patient who is a heterozygous mutation carrier of the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM)/cluster of differentiation 166 (CD166) gene, is reported. Genomic DNA was extracted from two siblings diagnosed with SAH and other available family members. A variant prioritization strategy that focused on functional prediction, frequency, predicted pathogenicity, and segregation within the family was employed. Sanger sequencing was also performed on the unaffected relatives to assess the segregation of variants within the phenotype. The verified mutations were sequenced in 145 ethnicity-matched healthy individuals. Based on whole exome sequencing data obtained from three individuals, two of whom were diagnosed with IAs, the single-nucleotide variant rs10933819 was prioritized in the family. Only one variant, rs10933819 (G>A), in ALCAM co-segregated with the phenotype, and this mutation was absent in ethnicity-matched healthy individuals. Collectively, ALCAM c1382 G>A p.Gly229Val was identified, for the first time, as a pathogenic mutation in this IA pedigree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbota Aitkulova
- National Center for Biotechnology, Nur Sultan 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Kymbat Mukhtarova
- National Center for Biotechnology, Nur Sultan 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Elena Zholdybayeva
- National Center for Biotechnology, Nur Sultan 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Yerkin Medetov
- National Center of Neurosurgery, Nazarbayev University, Nur Sultan 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Botagoz Dzhamantayeva
- National Center of Neurosurgery, Nazarbayev University, Nur Sultan 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Kuat Kassymbek
- National Center for Biotechnology, Nur Sultan 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Talgat Utupov
- National Center for Biotechnology, Nur Sultan 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Ilyas Akhmetollayev
- National Center for Biotechnology, Nur Sultan 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Serik Akshulakov
- National Center of Neurosurgery, Nazarbayev University, Nur Sultan 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | | | - Yerlan Ramankulov
- National Center for Biotechnology, Nur Sultan 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
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12
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Chalmers SA, Ayilam Ramachandran R, Garcia SJ, Der E, Herlitz L, Ampudia J, Chu D, Jordan N, Zhang T, Parodis I, Gunnarsson I, Ding H, Shen N, Petri M, Mok CC, Saxena R, Polu KR, Connelly S, Ng CT, Mohan C, Putterman C. The CD6/ALCAM pathway promotes lupus nephritis via T cell-mediated responses. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e147334. [PMID: 34981775 PMCID: PMC8718154 DOI: 10.1172/jci147334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells are central to the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN), a common complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CD6 and its ligand, activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), are involved in T cell activation and trafficking. Previously, we showed that soluble ALCAM is increased in urine (uALCAM) of patients with LN, suggesting that this pathway contributes to disease. To investigate, uALCAM was examined in 1038 patients with SLE and LN from 5 ethnically diverse cohorts; CD6 and ALCAM expression was assessed in LN kidney cells; and disease contribution was tested via antibody blockade of CD6 in murine models of SLE and acute glomerulonephritis. Extended cohort analysis offered resounding validation of uALCAM as a biomarker that distinguishes active renal involvement in SLE, irrespective of ethnicity. ALCAM was expressed by renal structural cells whereas CD6 expression was exclusive to T cells, with elevated numbers of CD6+ and ALCAM+ cells in patients with LN. CD6 blockade in models of spontaneous lupus and immune-complex glomerulonephritis revealed significant decreases in immune cells, inflammatory markers, and disease measures. Our data demonstrate the contribution of the CD6/ALCAM pathway to LN and SLE, supporting its use as a disease biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A. Chalmers
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | | | - Sayra J. Garcia
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Evan Der
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Leal Herlitz
- Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - Nicole Jordan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ioannis Parodis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute and Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iva Gunnarsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute and Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Huihua Ding
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Michelle Petri
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Ramesh Saxena
- Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | - Chandra Mohan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Research Institute, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
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13
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Chen J, Dai AX, Tang HL, Lu CH, Liu HX, Hou T, Lu ZJ, Kong N, Peng XY, Lin KX, Zheng ZD, Xu SL, Ying XF, Ji XY, Pan H, Wu J, Zeng X, Wei NL. Increase of ALCAM and VCAM-1 in the plasma predicts the Alzheimer's disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1097409. [PMID: 36685605 PMCID: PMC9846483 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1097409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion molecules (CAM) are crucial in several pathological inflammation processes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, their potential for clinical diagnostics remains unknown. The present investigation evaluated the clinical significance of ALCAM, VCAM-1, NCAM, and ICAM-1 levels in the plasma of participants with cognitive impairment (44 patients with mild cognitive impairment, 71 patients with Alzheimer's dementia, and 18 patients with other dementia) and 28 controls with normal cognitive ability. We also detected plasma levels of multiple inflammatory factors (IFN-gamma, IL-18, IL-1beta, IL-13, IL-8, IL-7, CCL11, MCP-1, TSLP, IL-10, BDNF, IL-17, IL-5, TREM-1) using Multiplex liquid chip and plasma levels of Abeta1-42 and Abeta1-40 using liquid-phase flow cytometry (FCM). Our findings demonstrated a correlation of ALCAM and VCAM-1 with age, the severity of cognitive decline, and MTA, but no significant difference between groups for NCAM and ICAM-1. ALCAM and VCAM-1 both demonstrated a positive correlation with the degree of atrophy in the medial temporal lobe structure. Further analysis revealed no significant correlation in plasma between VCAM-1, ALCAM and Abeta1-40, Abeta1-42. Nevertheless, there was a significant correlation between VCAM-1, ALCAM and many inflammatory factors. Furthermore, the predictive value of ALCAM and VCAM-1 for AD was assessed using a multi-parameter regression model. ALCAM and VCAM-1 in combination with ApoE4, education, age, and MMSE could predict AD with high precision (AUC=0.891; AIC=146.9) without imaging diagnosis. ALCAM and VCAM-1 combination improved the predictive accuracy significantly. In a nutshell, these findings revealed ALCAM and VCAM-1 as reliable indicators of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - An-Xiang Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hai-Liang Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Hao Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao-Xin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nan Kong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai-Xun Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zi-Dong Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sheng-Liang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Ying
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Pan
- The Outpatient Department, Shantou Longhu People's Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nai-Li Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Nai-Li Wei,
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14
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Hou Y, Bock F, Hos D, Cursiefen C. Lymphatic Trafficking in the Eye: Modulation of Lymphatic Trafficking to Promote Corneal Transplant Survival. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071661. [PMID: 34359831 PMCID: PMC8306557 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(Lymph)angiogenesis into the cornea prior to and after corneal transplantation is a critical risk factor for allograft rejection. Lymphatic vessels even more than blood vessels seem important in mediating immune responses, as they facilitate allograft sensitization in the draining lymph nodes. Thus, the concept of modulating lymphatic trafficking to promote corneal graft survival seems promising. A variety of approaches has been developed to inhibit progressive lymphangiogenesis in experimental settings. Recently, additionally to pharmacological approaches, clinically available techniques such as UVA-based corneal collagen crosslinking and fine needle diathermy were reported to be effective in regressing lymphatic vessels and to experimentally promote graft survival. Clinical pilot studies also suggest the efficacy of blocking antigen presenting cell trafficking to regional lymph nodes by regressing corneal lymphatic vessels to enhance allograft survival in high-risk eyes. In this article, we will give an overview of current strategies to modulate lymphatic trafficking with a special focus on recently reported strategies, which may be easy to translate into clinical practice. This novel concept of temporary, pretransplant regression of lymphatic vessels at the site of transplantation to promote subsequent corneal transplant survival (“lymphangioregressive preconditioning”) may also be applicable to other transplantation sites later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (Y.H.); (F.B.); (D.H.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Felix Bock
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (Y.H.); (F.B.); (D.H.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Deniz Hos
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (Y.H.); (F.B.); (D.H.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Claus Cursiefen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (Y.H.); (F.B.); (D.H.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-221-4784-300
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15
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Ocansey DKW, Pei B, Xu X, Zhang L, Olovo CV, Mao F. Cellular and molecular mediators of lymphangiogenesis in inflammatory bowel disease. J Transl Med 2021; 19:254. [PMID: 34112196 PMCID: PMC8190852 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02922-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies reporting the intricate crosstalk between cellular and molecular mediators and the lymphatic endothelium in the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) suggest altered inflammatory cell drainage and lymphatic vasculature, implicating the lymphatic system as a player in the occurrence, development, and recurrence of intestinal diseases. This article aims to review recent data on the modulatory functions of cellular and molecular components of the IBD microenvironment on the lymphatic system, particularly lymphangiogenesis. It serves as a promising therapeutic target for IBD management and treatment. The interaction with gut microbiota is also explored. Main text Evidence shows that cells of the innate and adaptive immune system and certain non-immune cells participate in the complex processes of inflammatory-induced lymphangiogenesis through the secretion of a wide spectrum of molecular factors, which vary greatly among the various cells. Lymphangiogenesis enhances lymphatic fluid drainage, hence reduced infiltration of immunomodulatory cells and associated-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, some of the cellular mediators, including mast cells, neutrophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), are a source of lymphangiogenic molecules, and a target as they express specific receptors for lymphangiogenic factors. Conclusion The effective target of lymphangiogenesis is expected to provide novel therapeutic interventions for intestinal inflammatory conditions, including IBD, through both immune and non-immune cells and based on cellular and molecular mechanisms of lymphangiogenesis that facilitate inflammation resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dickson Kofi Wiredu Ocansey
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Directorate of University Health Services, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Bing Pei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chinasa Valerie Olovo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Nigeria
| | - Fei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Structure and Immune Function of Afferent Lymphatics and Their Mechanistic Contribution to Dendritic Cell and T Cell Trafficking. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051269. [PMID: 34065513 PMCID: PMC8161367 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Afferent lymphatic vessels (LVs) mediate the transport of antigen and leukocytes to draining lymph nodes (dLNs), thereby serving as immunologic communication highways between peripheral tissues and LNs. The main cell types migrating via this route are antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) and antigen-experienced T cells. While DC migration is important for maintenance of tolerance and for induction of protective immunity, T cell migration through afferent LVs contributes to immune surveillance. In recent years, great progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms of lymphatic migration. Specifically, time-lapse imaging has revealed that, upon entry into capillaries, both DCs and T cells are not simply flushed away with the lymph flow, but actively crawl and patrol and even interact with each other in this compartment. Detachment and passive transport to the dLN only takes place once the cells have reached the downstream, contracting collecting vessel segments. In this review, we describe how the anatomy of the lymphatic network supports leukocyte trafficking and provide updated knowledge regarding the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for lymphatic migration of DCs and T cells. In addition, we discuss the relevance of DC and T cell migration through afferent LVs and its presumed implications on immunity.
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17
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In Sickness and in Health: The Immunological Roles of the Lymphatic System. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094458. [PMID: 33923289 PMCID: PMC8123157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic system plays crucial roles in immunity far beyond those of simply providing conduits for leukocytes and antigens in lymph fluid. Endothelial cells within this vasculature are distinct and highly specialized to perform roles based upon their location. Afferent lymphatic capillaries have unique intercellular junctions for efficient uptake of fluid and macromolecules, while expressing chemotactic and adhesion molecules that permit selective trafficking of specific immune cell subsets. Moreover, in response to events within peripheral tissue such as inflammation or infection, soluble factors from lymphatic endothelial cells exert “remote control” to modulate leukocyte migration across high endothelial venules from the blood to lymph nodes draining the tissue. These immune hubs are highly organized and perfectly arrayed to survey antigens from peripheral tissue while optimizing encounters between antigen-presenting cells and cognate lymphocytes. Furthermore, subsets of lymphatic endothelial cells exhibit differences in gene expression relating to specific functions and locality within the lymph node, facilitating both innate and acquired immune responses through antigen presentation, lymph node remodeling and regulation of leukocyte entry and exit. This review details the immune cell subsets in afferent and efferent lymph, and explores the mechanisms by which endothelial cells of the lymphatic system regulate such trafficking, for immune surveillance and tolerance during steady-state conditions, and in response to infection, acute and chronic inflammation, and subsequent resolution.
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18
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Schönberg A, Hamdorf M, Bock F. Immunomodulatory Strategies Targeting Dendritic Cells to Improve Corneal Graft Survival. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051280. [PMID: 32354200 PMCID: PMC7287922 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though the cornea is regarded as an immune-privileged tissue, transplantation always comes with the risk of rejection due to mismatches between donor and recipient. It is common sense that an alternative to corticosteroids as the current gold standard for treatment of corneal transplantation is needed. Since blood and lymphatic vessels have been identified as a severe risk factor for corneal allograft survival, much research has focused on vessel regression or inhibition of hem- and lymphangiogenesis in general. However, lymphatic vessels have been identified as required for the inflammation's resolution. Therefore, targeting other players of corneal engraftment could reveal new therapeutic strategies. The establishment of a tolerogenic microenvironment at the graft site would leave the recipient with the ability to manage pathogenic conditions independent from transplantation. Dendritic cells (DCs) as the central player of the immune system represent a target that allows the induction of tolerogenic mechanisms by many different strategies. These strategies are reviewed in this article with regard to their success in corneal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfrun Schönberg
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (A.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Matthias Hamdorf
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (A.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Felix Bock
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (A.S.); (M.H.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-221-478-97789
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19
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Abdelhamid L, Cabana-Puig X, Swartwout B, Lee J, Li S, Sun S, Li Y, Ross AC, Cecere TE, LeRoith T, Werre SR, Wang H, Reilly CM, Luo XM. Retinoic Acid Exerts Disease Stage-Dependent Effects on Pristane-Induced Lupus. Front Immunol 2020; 11:408. [PMID: 32265909 PMCID: PMC7103630 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that all-trans-retinoic acid (tRA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, exacerbated pre-existing autoimmunity in lupus; however, its effects before the development of autoimmunity are unknown. Here, using a pristane-induced model, we show that tRA exerts differential effects when given at the initiation vs. continuation phase of lupus. Unlike tRA treatment during active disease, pre-pristane treatment with tRA aggravated glomerulonephritis through increasing renal expression of pro-fibrotic protein laminin β1, activating bone marrow conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), and upregulating the interaction of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 in the spleen, indicating an active process of leukocyte activation and trafficking. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that prior to lupus induction, tRA significantly upregulated the expression of genes associated with cDC activation and migration. Post-pristane tRA treatment, on the other hand, did not significantly alter the severity of glomerulonephritis; rather, it exerted immunosuppressive functions of decreasing circulatory and renal deposition of autoantibodies as well as suppressing the renal expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Together, these findings suggest that tRA differentially modulate lupus-associated kidney inflammation depending on the time of administration. Interestingly, both pre- and post-pristane treatments with tRA reversed pristane-induced leaky gut and modulated the gut microbiota in a similar fashion, suggesting a gut microbiota-independent mechanism by which tRA affects the initiation vs. continuation phase of lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Abdelhamid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Xavier Cabana-Puig
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Brianna Swartwout
- Translational Biology, Medicine and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Song Li
- Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Sha Sun
- Department of Development and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Yaqi Li
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - A Catharine Ross
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Thomas E Cecere
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Tanya LeRoith
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Stephen R Werre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Haifeng Wang
- College of Animal Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Christopher M Reilly
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Xin M Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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20
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Vranova M, Friess MC, Haghayegh Jahromi N, Collado-Diaz V, Vallone A, Hagedorn O, Jadhav M, Willrodt AH, Polomska A, Leroux JC, Proulx ST, Halin C. Opposing roles of endothelial and leukocyte-expressed IL-7Rα in the regulation of psoriasis-like skin inflammation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11714. [PMID: 31406267 PMCID: PMC6691132 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The interleukin 7 receptor alpha chain (IL-7Rα) is predominately expressed by lymphocytes, and activation by its ligand IL-7 supports the development and maintenance of T cells and boosts T-cell mediated immunity. We recently reported that lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in dermal lymphatics also express IL-7 and its receptor chains (IL-7Rα and CD132) and that IL-7 supports lymphatic drainage. This suggested that activation of IL-7Rα signaling in lymphatics could exert inflammation-resolving activity, by promoting the clearance of excess tissue fluid. Here we investigated how the potentially opposing effects of IL-7Rα signaling in immune cells and in the lymphatic vasculature would affect the development and progression of psoriasis-like skin inflammation. We found that during acute and chronic skin inflammation mice with an endothelial-specific deletion of IL-7Rα (IL-7RαΔEC mice) developed more edema compared to control mice, as a consequence of impaired lymphatic drainage. However, systemic treatment of wild-type mice with IL-7 exacerbated edema and immune cell infiltration in spite of increasing lymphatic drainage, whereas treatment with IL-7Rα blocking antibody ameliorated inflammatory symptoms. These data identify IL-7Rα signaling as a new pathway in psoriasis-like skin inflammation and show that its pro-inflammatory effects on the immune compartment override its anti-inflammatory, drainage-enhancing effects on the endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vranova
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mona C Friess
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Angela Vallone
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivia Hagedorn
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Jadhav
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Anna Polomska
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Steven T Proulx
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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21
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Blei F. Update August 2019. Lymphat Res Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2019.29068.fb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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22
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Hos D, Matthaei M, Bock F, Maruyama K, Notara M, Clahsen T, Hou Y, Le VNH, Salabarria AC, Horstmann J, Bachmann BO, Cursiefen C. Immune reactions after modern lamellar (DALK, DSAEK, DMEK) versus conventional penetrating corneal transplantation. Prog Retin Eye Res 2019; 73:100768. [PMID: 31279005 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, novel lamellar keratoplasty techniques such as Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK) for anterior keratoplasty and Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK)/Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) for posterior keratoplasty have been developed. DALK eliminates the possibility of endothelial allograft rejection, which is the main reason for graft failure after penetrating keratoplasty (PK). Compared to PK, the risk of endothelial graft rejection is significantly reduced after DSAEK/DMEK. Thus, with modern lamellar techniques, the clinical problem of endothelial graft rejection seems to be nearly solved in the low-risk situation. However, even with lamellar grafts there are epithelial, subepithelial and stromal immune reactions in DALK and endothelial immune reactions in DSAEK/DMEK, and not all keratoplasties can be performed in a lamellar fashion. Therefore, endothelial graft rejection in PK is still highly relevant, especially in the "high-risk" setting, where the cornea's (lymph)angiogenic and immune privilege is lost due to severe inflammation and pathological neovascularization. For these eyes, currently available treatment options are still unsatisfactory. In this review, we will describe currently used keratoplasty techniques, namely PK, DALK, DSAEK, and DMEK. We will summarize their indications, provide surgical descriptions, and comment on their complications and outcomes. Furthermore, we will give an overview on corneal transplant immunology. A specific focus will be placed on endothelial graft rejection and we will report on its incidence, clinical presentation, and current/future treatment and prevention options. Finally, we will speculate how the field of keratoplasty and prevention of corneal allograft rejection will develop in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Hos
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mario Matthaei
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Bock
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kazuichi Maruyama
- Department of Innovative Visual Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Maria Notara
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Clahsen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yanhong Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Viet Nhat Hung Le
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Ophthalmology, Hue College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Viet Nam
| | | | - Jens Horstmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bjoern O Bachmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Claus Cursiefen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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