1
|
Carpenter S, O'Neill LAJ. From periphery to center stage: 50 years of advancements in innate immunity. Cell 2024; 187:2030-2051. [PMID: 38670064 PMCID: PMC11060700 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Over the past 50 years in the field of immunology, something of a Copernican revolution has happened. For a long time, immunologists were mainly concerned with what is termed adaptive immunity, which involves the exquisitely specific activities of lymphocytes. But the other arm of immunity, so-called "innate immunity," had been neglected. To celebrate Cell's 50th anniversary, we have put together a review of the processes and components of innate immunity and trace the seminal contributions leading to the modern state of this field. Innate immunity has joined adaptive immunity in the center of interest for all those who study the body's defenses, as well as homeostasis and pathology. We are now entering the era where therapeutic targeting of innate immune receptors and downstream signals hold substantial promise for infectious and inflammatory diseases and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Carpenter
- University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High St., Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
| | - Luke A J O'Neill
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Paeiz H, Salehi Z, Mashayekhi F, Saeidi Saedi H, Mirzanejad L. The importance of SOCS1 - 1478 CA/del polymorphism and expression in breast cancer: a case-control study in the north of Iran. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 202:389-395. [PMID: 37526791 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This project aimed to evaluate the relationship between the suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS1) - 1478 CA > del genetic variation and breast cancer susceptibility. Moreover, we investigated the SOCS1 mRNA expression level in cancerous tissues. METHODS A total of 100 patients with breast cancer and 120 healthy individuals were selected. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood. SOCS1 genotyping and relative gene expression were performed using ARMS-PCR (Amplification-Refractory Mutation System-Polymerase Chain Reaction) and real-time PCR, respectively. RESULTS In breast cancer patients, the prevalence of genotype frequencies of SOCS1 (- 1478 CA > del) CA/CA, CA/del, and del/del was 52, 31, and 17%, respectively. Among controls, the distribution of CA/CA, CA/del, and del/del was 63, 15, and 22%, respectively. The chi-square test reported that a significant difference was observed in the genotypic distribution of SOCS1 (- 1478 CA > del) polymorphism between cases and controls (χ2 = 8.08, P = 0.01). In addition, the presence of the CA/del genotype was associated with an elevated risk of breast cancer (in the codominant model: OR 2.51; 95% CI 1.27-4.96, P = 0.007 and in the over dominant model: OR 2.54; 95% CI 1.32-4.90, P = 0.005). However, there was no significant difference in allelic distributions between the groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the breast cancer risk associated with the dominant and recessive genetic models when the reference was CA/CA and CA/CA + CA/del genotype, respectively (P = 0.09 and P = 0.38). Moreover, the expression of SOCS1 decreased in cancerous tissues as compared to the adjacent non-cancerous tissues (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION In conclusion, a functional SOCS1 promoter polymorphism (- 1478 CA > del) may affect breast cancer susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Habibbullah Paeiz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zivar Salehi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Farhad Mashayekhi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hamid Saeidi Saedi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, Iran
| | - Laleh Mirzanejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
The SOCS-1 -1478CA/del functional polymorphism (rs33989964) is associated with gastric cancer but is unrelated to overall survival. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:3489-3492. [PMID: 36781608 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08296-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro studies have shown that the functional - 1478CA > del polymorphism (rs33989964) of the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-1 gene is associated with an altered trascriptional activity. Here, we sought to examine the potential association of this polymorphism with the risk of gastric cancer (GC) and to analyze its prognostic impact on overall survival (OS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study cohort consisted of 74 Turkish patients with GC and 52 healthy controls. Genotyping of the SOCS-1 -1478CA > del polymorphism was carried out using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. RESULTS After allowance of age and sex, multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the carriage of the del allele of the SOCS-1 -1478CA > del polymorphism was independently associated with an increased risk of GC (odds ratio = 6.78, 95% confidence interval = 3.24-10.99, P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed no significant differences in OS for patients harboring at least one del allele of rs33989964 compared with CA/CA homozygotes (log-rank test, P = 0.17). CONCLUSION While the SOCS-1 -1478CA > del polymorphism is significantly associated with the risk of GC in the Turkish population, it does not affect OS.
Collapse
|
4
|
Jahangir M, Kahrizi MS, Natami M, Moaref Pour R, Ghoreishizadeh S, Hemmatzadeh M, Mohammadi H, Shomali N, Sandoghchian Shotorbani S. MicroRNA-155 acts as a potential prognostic and diagnostic factor in patients with ankylosing spondylitis by modulating SOCS3. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:553-563. [PMID: 36350418 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a progressive inflammatory disease. Our primary objective was to explore the role of miR-155 and its targeted factors in AS pathogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS PBMCs were isolated from 30 AS patients and 30 healthy individuals using the Ficoll-hypaque isolation approach. The expression of miR-155 and its associated targets, including Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3), STAT3, and IL-21, were determined using qT-qPCR. Then, PBMCs were cultured, and the effect of miR-155, SOCS3 siRNA (to suppress its expression), pEFSOCS3 (enforced expression), and their combination were investigated by qRT-PCR and western blotting. We also treated the cultured PBMCs with Brefeldin A, a potent inhibitor of cytokine secretion, to determine its effect on IL-21 expression and secretion. In addition, the association between miR-155 and patients' clinicopathological features was examined. The results showed that miR-155, IL-21, and STAT3 were increased in patients with AS, while SOCS3 had decreasing expression trend. It was also determined that miR-155 alleviates SOCS3 expression and increases IL-21 and STAT3 expression; it had a prominent effect when combined with SOCS3 siRNA. Besides, we showed that simultaneous transfection of miR-155 and pEFSOCS3 had no significant effect on IL-21 and STAT3 expression, revealing that miR-155 could alleviate the enforced expression of SOCS3. It was also proven that Brefledine A led to IL-21 up-regulation or accumulation while relieving its secretion. Also, a significant correlation between miR-155 and pathological features of AS patients was found. CONCLUSION miR-155 acts as a potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarker. Its up-regulation leads to the down-regulation of SOCS3 and increased expression of IL-21 and STAT3 as characteristic of TH-17 lymphocytes, leading to worsening inflammatory conditions in patients with AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammad Natami
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Moaref Pour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Navid Shomali
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Siamak Sandoghchian Shotorbani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiang Y, Zhong S, He S, Weng J, Liu L, Ye Y, Chen H. Biomarkers (mRNAs and non-coding RNAs) for the diagnosis and prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1087925. [PMID: 36817438 PMCID: PMC9929281 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1087925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have continued to improve. However, in the advanced stages of the disease, patients are unable to achieve long-term clinical remission and often suffer from systemic multi-organ damage and severe complications. Patients with RA usually have no overt clinical manifestations in the early stages, and by the time a definitive diagnosis is made, the disease is already at an advanced stage. RA is diagnosed clinically and with laboratory tests, including the blood markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and the autoantibodies rheumatoid factor (RF) and anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA). However, the presence of RF and ACPA autoantibodies is associated with aggravated disease, joint damage, and increased mortality, and these autoantibodies have low specificity and sensitivity. The etiology of RA is unknown, with the pathogenesis involving multiple factors and clinical heterogeneity. The early diagnosis, subtype classification, and prognosis of RA remain challenging, and studies to develop minimally invasive or non-invasive biomarkers in the form of biofluid biopsies are becoming more common. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules are composed of long non-coding RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs, microRNAs, and circular RNAs, which play an essential role in disease onset and progression and can be used in the early diagnosis and prognosis of RA. In this review of the diagnostic and prognostic approaches to RA disease, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the subject, focusing on recent advances in mRNA-ncRNA as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers from the biofluid to the tissue level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuxin Zhong
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenghua He
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Juanling Weng
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijin Liu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yufeng Ye
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanwei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiology, GuangzhouPanyu Health Management Center (Panyu Rehabilitation Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Paradowska-Gorycka A, Wajda A, Rzeszotarska E, Kmiolek T, Stypinska B, Dudek E, Romanowska-Prochnicka K, Syrowka P. miR-10 and Its Negative Correlation with Serum IL-35 Concentration and Positive Correlation with STAT5a Expression in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147925. [PMID: 35887269 PMCID: PMC9317037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating free-cell miRNAs are increasingly important as potential non-invasive biomarkers due to the easy accessibility of clinical materials. Moreover, their epigenetic role may provide insight into the mechanisms of pathogenesis. Nevertheless, these aspects are mostly studied in the area of oncological diseases. Therefore, this research aimed to find the potential association of selected miRNAs in serum with the expression of Th17/Treg transcription factors and clinical features in RA patients. Accordingly, experiments was conducted on rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA) and healthy subjects (HC). Analysis of miRNAs level in serum was performed using LNA miRNA PCR assays. mir-10 was detected only in RA patients. Furthermore, its expression was correlated with IL-35 serum concentration and the mRNA level of STAT5a in whole blood in RA. Additionally, a tendency of the raised level of miR-10 was noted in RA patients with high activity disease. miR-326 was significantly upregulated in RA patients with rheumatoid factor presence. In HC the correlation between miR-26 and IL-21 serum levels and expression of SMAD3 have been found. In OA patients, correlations between miR-126 and HIF1 expression and between miR-146 and RORc have been noted. The differential association of transcription factor expression with serum miRNA levels may be important in the diagnosis and progression of RA and OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Paradowska-Gorycka
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (E.R.); (T.K.); (B.S.); (E.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Wajda
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (E.R.); (T.K.); (B.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Ewa Rzeszotarska
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (E.R.); (T.K.); (B.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Tomasz Kmiolek
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (E.R.); (T.K.); (B.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Barbara Stypinska
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (E.R.); (T.K.); (B.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Ewa Dudek
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (E.R.); (T.K.); (B.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Katarzyna Romanowska-Prochnicka
- Department of Connective Tissue Diseases, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Pathophysiology, Warsaw Medical University, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Syrowka
- Rheumaorthopedics Clinic and Polyclinic, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Genetic LGALS1 Variants Are Associated with Heterogeneity in Galectin-1 Serum Levels in Patients with Early Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137181. [PMID: 35806182 PMCID: PMC9266574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin 1 (Gal1) exerts immunomodulatory effects leading to therapeutic effects in autoimmune animal models. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis have been reported to show higher Gal1 serum levels than the healthy population. Our study aimed to find genetic variants on the Gal1 gene (LGALS1) modulating its expression and/or clinical features in patients with early arthritis (EA). LGALS1 was sequenced in 53 EA patients to characterize all genetic variants. Then, we genotyped rs9622682, rs929039, and rs4820293, which covered the main genetic variation in LGALS1, in 532 EA patients. Gal1 and IL-6 serum levels were measured by ELISA and Gal1 also by western blot (WB) in lymphocytes from patients with specific genotypes. Once disease activity improved with treatment, patients with at least one copy of the minor allele in rs9622682 and rs929039 or those with GG genotype in rs4820293 showed significantly higher Gal1 serum levels (p < 0.05). These genotypic combinations were also associated with higher Gal1 expression in lymphocytes by WB and lower IL-6 serum levels in EA patients. In summary, our study suggests that genetic variants studied in LGALS1 can explain heterogeneity in Gal1 serum levels showing that patients with higher Gal1 levels have lower serum IL-6 levels.
Collapse
|
8
|
Rajabi F, Abdollahimajd F, Jabalameli N, Nassiri Kashani M, Firooz A. The Immunogenetics of Alopecia areata. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1367:19-59. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92616-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
9
|
Sobah ML, Liongue C, Ward AC. SOCS Proteins in Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, and Immune-Related Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:727987. [PMID: 34604264 PMCID: PMC8481645 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.727987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine signaling represents one of the cornerstones of the immune system, mediating the complex responses required to facilitate appropriate immune cell development and function that supports robust immunity. It is crucial that these signals be tightly regulated, with dysregulation underpinning immune defects, including excessive inflammation, as well as contributing to various immune-related malignancies. A specialized family of proteins called suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) participate in negative feedback regulation of cytokine signaling, ensuring it is appropriately restrained. The eight SOCS proteins identified regulate cytokine and other signaling pathways in unique ways. SOCS1–3 and CISH are most closely involved in the regulation of immune-related signaling, influencing processes such polarization of lymphocytes and the activation of myeloid cells by controlling signaling downstream of essential cytokines such as IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ. SOCS protein perturbation disrupts these processes resulting in the development of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions as well as malignancies. As a consequence, SOCS proteins are garnering increased interest as a unique avenue to treat these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Clifford Liongue
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Institue of Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Alister C Ward
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Institue of Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|