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Palanisamy CP, Pei J, Alugoju P, Anthikapalli NVA, Jayaraman S, Veeraraghavan VP, Gopathy S, Roy JR, Janaki CS, Thalamati D, Mironescu M, Luo Q, Miao Y, Chai Y, Long Q. New strategies of neurodegenerative disease treatment with extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Theranostics 2023; 13:4138-4165. [PMID: 37554286 PMCID: PMC10405853 DOI: 10.7150/thno.83066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of neurons and intricate interactions between different cell types within the affected regions. Reliable biomarkers that can accurately reflect disease activity, diagnose, and monitor the progression of neurodegenerative diseases are crucial for the development of effective therapies. However, identifying suitable biomarkers has been challenging due to the heterogeneous nature of these diseases, affecting specific subsets of neurons in different brain regions. One promising approach for promoting brain regeneration and recovery involves the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs have demonstrated the ability to modulate the immune system, promote neurite outgrowth, stimulate angiogenesis, and repair damaged tissues, partially through the release of their extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSC-derived EVs retain some of the therapeutic characteristics of their parent MSCs, including their ability to regulate neurite outgrowth, promote angiogenesis, and facilitate tissue repair. This review aims to explore the potential of MSC-derived EVs as an emerging therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting their role in modulating disease progression and promoting neuronal recovery. By elucidating the mechanisms by which MSC-derived EVs exert their therapeutic effects, we can advance our understanding and leverage their potential for the development of novel treatment approaches in the field of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chella Perumal Palanisamy
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - JinJin Pei
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, 2011 QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Phaniendra Alugoju
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Sridevi Gopathy
- Department of Physiology, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600089, India
| | - Jeane Rebecca Roy
- Department of Anatomy, Bhaarath Medical College and hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600073, India
| | - Coimbatore Sadagopan Janaki
- Department of Anatomy, Bhaarath Medical College and hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600073, India
| | | | - Monica Mironescu
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Food Industry and Environmental Protection, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Bv. Victoriei 10, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Qiang Luo
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Yu Miao
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Yuan Chai
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Qianfa Long
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
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Zhang T, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Jiang Y, Sun L, Huang D, Tian M, Shen Y, Deng J, Hou J, Ma Y. Echinococcus multilocularis protoscoleces enhance glycolysis to promote M2 Macrophages through PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Pathog Glob Health 2022; 117:409-416. [PMID: 35876088 PMCID: PMC10177676 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2022.2104055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar Echinococcosis (AE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus multilocularis, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. The primary objective of this study is to explore whether Echinococcus multilocularis protoscoleces (PSCs) regulate macrophage polarization and glucose metabolism by PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. We found that large numbers of CD68+ macrophages gathered in close liver issue from the lesion in AE patients. PSCs preferentially differentiated into M2 macrophages and the expressions of HK1, PFKL, PKM2, PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, mTOR and p-mTOR increased. The above results show that Echinococcus multilocularis protoscoleces enhance glycolysis to promote M2 macrophages through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai province, China.,Key Laboratory of Application of High Altitude Medicine in Qinghai, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai province, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai province, China
| | - Yaogang Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai province, China.,Qinghai Province Research Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai province, China
| | - Zihan Yang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai province, China.,Key Laboratory of Application of High Altitude Medicine in Qinghai, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai province, China.,Department of Neurology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai province, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Central Laboratory of Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai province, China
| | - Li Sun
- Central Laboratory of Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai province, China
| | - Dengliang Huang
- Central Laboratory of Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai province, China
| | - Meiyuan Tian
- Central Laboratory of Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai province, China
| | - Yinhong Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai province, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai province, China
| | - Jing Hou
- Central Laboratory of Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai province, China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Central Laboratory of Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai province, China.,Qinghai Province Research Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai province, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai province, China
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Zhou H, Lu Y, Wei H, Chen Y, Limpanon Y, Dekumyoy P, Huang P, Shi P, Lv Z. Stat3/IL-6 signaling mediates sustained pneumonia induced by Agiostrongylus cantonensis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010461. [PMID: 35617354 PMCID: PMC9176765 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiostrongylus cantonensis (AC) is well-documented that parasitizes the host brain and causes eosinophilic meningitis. The migration route of AC in permissive hosts is well demonstrated, while in nonpermissive hosts, it remains to be fully defined. In the present study, we exploited live imaging technology, morphological and pathological configuration analysis, and molecular biological technologies to explore the migration route of AC and the accompanying tissue damage in nonpermissive and permissive hosts. Our data indicated that, in nonpermissive host mouse, AC larvae migrated from intestinal wall to liver at 2 hours post-infection (hpi), from liver to lung at 4 hpi and then from lung to brain at 8 hpi. AC larval migration caused fatal lung injury (pneumonia) during acute and early infection phases, along with significant activation of Stat3/IL-6 signaling. In addition, AC induce sustained interstitial pneumonia in mouse and rat and pulmonary fibrosis only in rat during late infection phase. Moreover, during the early and late infection phases, Th2 cytokine expression and Stat3 and IL-6 signaling were persistently enhanced and myeloid macrophage cells were notably enriched in host lung, and administration of Stat3 and IL-6 inhibitors (C188-9 and LMT-28) attenuated AC infection-induced acute pneumonia in mice. Overall, we are the first to provide direct and systemic laboratory evidence of AC migration route in a nonpermissive host and report that infection with a high dose of AC larvae could result in acute and fatal pneumonia through Stat3/IL-6 signaling in mice. These findings may present a feasible to rational strategy to minimize the pathogenesis induced by AC. Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a well-known nematode parasitizing the host brain and is the leading cause of eosinophilic meningitis worldwide. Our study reports the migration route of Angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae in non-permissive host mouse and discovers that the larvae could induce fatal pneumonia in mouse lung during acute and early infection phase characterized by activation of Stat3/IL-6 signaling. Moreover, administration of inhibitors targeting Stat3/IL-6 signaling could significantly attenuate the AC-induced pneumonia of non-permissive host mouse, providing an effective candidate target for intervention of this severe parasitic pneumonia. These findings expand our understanding of Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis and indicate that more attention to AC-induced pneumonia is required when treatment for Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yuting Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Hang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yanin Limpanon
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Paron Dekumyoy
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Peiyao Shi
- Department of Experimental Diagnosis, Shenzhen Yantian District People’s Hospital, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (PS); (ZL)
| | - Zhiyue Lv
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hainan Affaliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- * E-mail: (PS); (ZL)
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