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Kaur G, Sohanur Rahman M, Shaikh S, Panda K, Chinnapaiyan S, Santiago Estevez M, Xia L, Unwalla H, Rahman I. Emerging roles of senolytics/senomorphics in HIV-related co-morbidities. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116179. [PMID: 38556028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is known to cause cellular senescence and inflammation among infected individuals. While the traditional antiretroviral therapies (ART) have allowed the once fatal infection to be managed effectively, the quality of life of HIV patients on prolonged ART use is still inferior. Most of these individuals suffer from life-threatening comorbidities like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and diabetes, to name a few. Interestingly, cellular senescence is known to play a critical role in the pathophysiology of these comorbidities as well. It is therefore important to understand the role of cellular senescence in the disease progression and co-morbidity development in HIV-infected individuals. In this respect, use of senolytic/senomorphic drugs as combination therapy with ART would be beneficial for HIV patients. This review provides a critical analysis of the current literature to determine the potential and efficacy of using senolytics/senotherapeutics in managing HIV infection, latency, and associated co-morbidities in humans. The various classes of senolytics have been studied in detail to focus on their potential to combat against HIV infections and associated pathologies with advancing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Kaur
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Md Sohanur Rahman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sadiya Shaikh
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Kingshuk Panda
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Srinivasan Chinnapaiyan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maria Santiago Estevez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Li Xia
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Hoshang Unwalla
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
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Pinzone MR, Shan L. Pharmacological approaches to promote cell death of latent HIV reservoirs. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2024; 19:56-61. [PMID: 38169429 PMCID: PMC10872923 DOI: 10.1097/coh.0000000000000837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW HIV requires lifelong antiviral treatment due to the persistence of a reservoir of latently infected cells. Multiple strategies have been pursued to promote the death of infected cells. RECENT FINDINGS Several groups have focused on multipronged approaches to induce apoptosis of infected cells. One approach is to combine latency reversal agents with proapoptotic compounds and cytotoxic T cells to first reactivate and then clear infected cells. Other strategies include using natural killer cells or chimeric antigen receptor cells to decrease the size of the reservoir.A novel strategy is to promote cell death by pyroptosis. This mechanism relies on the activation of the caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 8 (CARD8) inflammasome by the HIV protease and can be potentiated by nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. SUMMARY The achievement of a clinically significant reduction in the size of the reservoir will likely require a combination strategy since none of the approaches pursued so far has been successful on its own in clinical trials. This discrepancy between promising in vitro findings and modest in vivo results highlights the hurdles of identifying a universally effective strategy given the wide heterogeneity of the HIV reservoirs in terms of tissue location, capability to undergo latency reversal and susceptibility to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Rita Pinzone
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Glumakova K, Ivanov G, Vedernikova V, Shyrokova L, Lebedev T, Stomakhin A, Zenchenko A, Oslovsky V, Drenichev M, Prassolov V, Spirin P. Nucleoside Analog 2',3'-Isopropylidene-5-Iodouridine as Novel Efficient Inhibitor of HIV-1. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2389. [PMID: 37896149 PMCID: PMC10610023 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors are the first class of drugs to be approved by the FDA for the suppression of HIV-1 and are widely used for this purpose in combination with drugs of other classes. Despite the progress in HIV-1 treatment, there is still the need to develop novel efficient antivirals. Here the efficiency of HIV-1 inhibition by a set of original 5-substituted uridine nucleosides was studied. We used the replication deficient human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1)-based lentiviral particles and identified that among the studied compounds, 2',3'-isopropylidene-5-iodouridine was shown to cause anti-HIV-1 activity. Importantly, no toxic action of this compound against the cells of T-cell origin was found. We determined that this compound is significantly more efficient at suppressing HIV-1 compared to Azidothymidine (AZT) when taken at the high non-toxic concentrations. We did not find any profit when using AZT in combination with 2',3'-isopropylidene-5-iodouridine. 2',3'-Isopropylidene-5-iodouridine acts synergistically to repress HIV-1 when combined with the CDK4/6 inhibitor Palbociclib in low non-toxic concentration. No synergistic antiviral action was detected when AZT was combined with Palbociclib. We suggest 2',3'-isopropylidene-5-iodouridine as a novel perspective non-toxic compound that may be used for HIV-l suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Glumakova
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.G.); (G.I.); (V.V.); (T.L.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (V.O.); (M.D.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, Institutskiy per. 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Georgy Ivanov
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.G.); (G.I.); (V.V.); (T.L.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (V.O.); (M.D.)
| | - Valeria Vedernikova
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.G.); (G.I.); (V.V.); (T.L.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (V.O.); (M.D.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, Institutskiy per. 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Lena Shyrokova
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Timofey Lebedev
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.G.); (G.I.); (V.V.); (T.L.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (V.O.); (M.D.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei Stomakhin
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.G.); (G.I.); (V.V.); (T.L.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (V.O.); (M.D.)
| | - Anastasia Zenchenko
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.G.); (G.I.); (V.V.); (T.L.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (V.O.); (M.D.)
| | - Vladimir Oslovsky
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.G.); (G.I.); (V.V.); (T.L.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (V.O.); (M.D.)
| | - Mikhail Drenichev
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.G.); (G.I.); (V.V.); (T.L.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (V.O.); (M.D.)
| | - Vladimir Prassolov
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.G.); (G.I.); (V.V.); (T.L.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (V.O.); (M.D.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Spirin
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.G.); (G.I.); (V.V.); (T.L.); (A.S.); (A.Z.); (V.O.); (M.D.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Black JB, Frampton AR. Anti-inflammatory compounds reduce equine herpesvirus type 1 replication and cell-to-cell spread. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1165917. [PMID: 37275614 PMCID: PMC10235532 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1165917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) is a highly transmissible pathogen that leads to a variety of clinical disease outcomes in infected horses. A major sequela that can occur after an EHV-1 infection is a neurological disease termed equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM). Clinical manifestations of EHM include fever, ataxia, incontinence, and partial to full paralysis, which may ultimately lead to the euthanization of the infected horse. To develop an effective treatment strategy for EHM, it is critical that the specific virus-host interactions that lead to EHM be investigated so that safe and effective therapeutic interventions can be developed and delivered. In this study, we examined the ability of four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), a steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (dexamethasone), a Rho-kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, and a JAK/STAT inhibitor (AG490) to reduce EHV-1 virus yields and cell-to-cell spread. We show that the NSAID, flunixin meglumine (FM), and the JAK/STAT inhibitor, AG490, significantly reduced virus yields in endothelial and epithelial cell lines, and this inhibition was similar for two neurologic and two non-neurologic EHV-1 strains. In addition to reducing virus yields, AG490 and FM also significantly reduced the ability of EHV-1 to spread laterally from cell to cell.
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