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Sekar A, Fang Y, Tierney P, McCanne M, Jones P, Malick F, Kannambadi D, Wannomae KK, Inverardi N, Yuh J, Lekkala S, Muratoglu O, Oral E. Investigating the translational value of Periprosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) models to determine the risk and severity of Staphylococcal biofilms. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.29.591689. [PMID: 38746179 PMCID: PMC11092509 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.29.591689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
With the advent of antibiotic-eluting polymeric materials for targeting recalcitrant infections, using preclinical models to study biofilm is crucial for improving the treatment efficacy in periprosthetic joint infections. The stratification of risk and severity of infections is needed to develop an effective clinical dosing framework with better outcomes. Here, using in-vivo and in-vitro implant-associated infection models, we demonstrate that methicillin-sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA and MRSA) have model-dependent distinct implant and peri-implant tissue colonization patterns. The maturity of biofilms and the location (implant vs tissue) were found to influence the antibiotic susceptibility evolution profiles of MSSA and MRSA and the models were able to capture the differing host-microbe interactions in vivo. Gene expression studies revealed the molecular heterogeneity of colonizing bacterial populations. The comparison and stratification of the risk and severity of infection across different preclinical models provided in this study can aid in guiding clinical dosing to effectively prevent or treat PJI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita Sekar
- Harris Orthopaedics laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston USA
| | - Yingfang Fang
- Harris Orthopaedics laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston USA
| | - Peyton Tierney
- Harris Orthopaedics laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Madeline McCanne
- Harris Orthopaedics laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Parker Jones
- Harris Orthopaedics laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Fawaz Malick
- Harris Orthopaedics laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Devika Kannambadi
- Harris Orthopaedics laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Keith K Wannomae
- Harris Orthopaedics laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Nicoletta Inverardi
- Harris Orthopaedics laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston USA
| | - Jean Yuh
- Harris Orthopaedics laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Sashank Lekkala
- Harris Orthopaedics laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Orhun Muratoglu
- Harris Orthopaedics laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston USA
| | - Ebru Oral
- Harris Orthopaedics laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston USA
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Grooters KE, Ku JC, Richter DM, Krinock MJ, Minor A, Li P, Kim A, Sawyer R, Li Y. Strategies for combating antibiotic resistance in bacterial biofilms. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1352273. [PMID: 38322672 PMCID: PMC10846525 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1352273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilms, which are complexes of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces and secrete protective extracellular matrices, wield substantial influence across diverse domains such as medicine, industry, and environmental science. Despite ongoing challenges posed by biofilms in clinical medicine, research in this field remains dynamic and indeterminate. This article provides a contemporary assessment of biofilms and their treatment, with a focus on recent advances, to chronicle the evolving landscape of biofilm research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla E. Grooters
- Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Jennifer C. Ku
- Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - David M. Richter
- Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Matthew J. Krinock
- Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Ashley Minor
- Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Patrick Li
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Audrey Kim
- Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Robert Sawyer
- Department of Surgery, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Yong Li
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
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Balmuri SR, Noaman S, Usman H, Niepa THR. Altering the interfacial rheology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with N-acetyl cysteine and cysteamine. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1338477. [PMID: 38304461 PMCID: PMC10834029 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1338477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic lung infection due to bacterial biofilms is one of the leading causes of mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Among many species colonizing the lung airways, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are two virulent pathogens involved in mechanically robust biofilms that are difficult to eradicate using airway clearance techniques like lung lavage. To remove such biological materials, glycoside hydrolase-based compounds are commonly employed for targeting and breaking down the biofilm matrix, and subsequently increasing cell susceptibility to antibiotics. Materials and methods In this study, we evaluate the effects of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and Cysteamine (CYST) in disrupting interfacial bacterial films, targeting different components of the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). We characterize the mechanics and structural integrity of the interfacial bacterial films using pendant drop elastometry and scanning electron microscopy. Results and discussion Our results show that the film architectures are compromised by treatment with disrupting agents for 6 h, which reduces film elasticity significantly. These effects are profound in the wild type and mucoid P. aeruginosa, compared to S. aureus. We further assess the effects of competition and cooperation between S. aureus and P. aeruginosa on the mechanics of composite interfacial films. Films of S. aureus and wild-type P. aeruginosa cocultures lose mechanical strength while those of S. aureus and mucoid P. aeruginosa exhibit improved storage modulus. Treatment with NAC and CYST reduces the elastic property of both composite films, owing to the drugs' ability to disintegrate their EPS matrix. Overall, our results provide new insights into methods for assessing the efficacy of mucolytic agents against interfacial biofilms relevant to cystic fibrosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sena Noaman
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Huda Usman
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Tagbo H. R. Niepa
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- The McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Chapman JE, George SE, Wolz C, Olson ME. Biofilms: A developmental niche for vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 117:105545. [PMID: 38160879 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus are gram-positive bacteria responsible for a wide array of diseases, ranging from skin and soft tissue infections to more chronic illnesses such as toxic shock syndrome, osteomyelitis, and endocarditis. Vancomycin is currently one of the most effective antibiotics available in treating patients infected with methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), however the emergence of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA), and more commonly vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA), threaten the future efficacy of vancomycin. Intermediate resistance to vancomycin occurs due to mutations within the loci of Staphylococcal genes involved in cell wall formation such as rpoB, graS, and yycG. We hypothesized the VISA phenotype may also arise as a result of the natural stress occurring within S. aureus biofilms, and that this phenomenon is mediated by the RecA/SOS response. Wildtype and recA null mutant/lexAG94E strains of S. aureus biofilms were established in biofilm microtiter assays or planktonic cultures with or without the addition of sub-inhibitory concentrations of vancomycin (0.063 mg/l - 0.25 mg/L ciprofloxacin, 0.5 mg/l vancomycin). Efficiency of plating techniques were used to quantify the subpopulation of biofilm-derived S. aureus cells that developed vancomycin-intermediate resistance. The results indicated that a greater subpopulation of cells from wildtype biofilms (4.16 × 102 CFUs) emerged from intermediate-resistant concentrations of vancomycin (4 μg/ml) compared with the planktonic counterpart (1.53 × 101 CFUs). Wildtype biofilms (4.16 × 102 CFUs) also exhibited greater resistance to intermediate-resistant concentrations of vancomycin compared with strains deficient in the recA null mutant (8.15 × 101 CFUs) and lexA genes (8.00 × 101 CFUs). While the VISA phenotype would be an unintended consequence of genetic diversity and potentially gene transfer in the biofilm setting, it demonstrates that mutations occurring within biofilms allow for S. aureus to adapt to new environments, including the presence of widely used antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenelle E Chapman
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Shilpa E George
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christiane Wolz
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael E Olson
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, USA.
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Bowden LC, Evans JGW, Miller KM, Bowden AE, Jensen BD, Hope S, Berges BK. Carbon-infiltrated carbon nanotubes inhibit the development of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19398. [PMID: 37938619 PMCID: PMC10632507 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus forms biofilms that cause considerable morbidity and mortality in patients who receive implanted devices such as prosthetics or fixator pins. An ideal surface for such medical devices would inhibit biofilm growth. Recently, it was reported that surface modification of stainless steel materials with carbon-infiltrated carbon nanotubes (CICNT) inhibits the growth of S. aureus biofilms. The purpose of this study was to investigate this antimicrobial effect on titanium materials with CICNT coated surfaces in a variety of surface morphologies and across a broader spectrum of S. aureus isolates. Study samples of CICNT-coated titanium, and control samples of bare titanium, a common implant material, were exposed to S. aureus. Viable bacteria were removed from adhered biofilms and quantified as colony forming units. Scanning electron microscopy was used to qualitatively analyze biofilms both before and after removal of cells. The CICNT surface was found to have significantly fewer adherent bacteria than bare titanium control surfaces, both via colony forming unit and microscopic analyses. This effect was most pronounced on CICNT surfaces with an average nanotube diameter of 150 nm, showing a 2.5-fold reduction in adherent bacteria. Since S. aureus forms different biofilm structures by isolate and by growth conditions, we tested 7 total isolates and found a significant reduction in the biofilm load in six out of seven S. aureus isolates tested. To examine whether the anti-biofilm effect was due to the structure of the nanotubes, we generated an unstructured carbon surface. Significantly more bacteria adhered to a nonstructured carbon surface than to the 150 nm CICNT surface, suggesting that the topography of the nanotube structure itself has anti-biofilm properties. The CICNT surface possesses anti-biofilm properties that result in fewer adherent S. aureus bacteria. These anti-biofilm properties are consistent across multiple isolates of S. aureus and are affected by nanotube diameter. The experiments performed in this study suggest that this effect is due to the nanostructure of the CICNT surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy C Bowden
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Jocelyn G W Evans
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Katelyn M Miller
- Department of Statistics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Anton E Bowden
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Brian D Jensen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Sandra Hope
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Bradford K Berges
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
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Loi VV, Busche T, Kuropka B, Müller S, Methling K, Lalk M, Kalinowski J, Antelmann H. Staphylococcus aureus adapts to the immunometabolite itaconic acid by inducing acid and oxidative stress responses including S-bacillithiolations and S-itaconations. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:859-876. [PMID: 37793500 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen, which has to defend against reactive oxygen and electrophilic species encountered during infections. Activated macrophages produce the immunometabolite itaconate as potent electrophile and antimicrobial upon pathogen infection. In this work, we used transcriptomics, metabolomics and shotgun redox proteomics to investigate the specific stress responses, metabolic changes and redox modifications caused by sublethal concentrations of itaconic acid in S. aureus. In the RNA-seq transcriptome, itaconic acid caused the induction of the GlnR, KdpDE, CidR, SigB, GraRS, PerR, CtsR and HrcA regulons and the urease-encoding operon, revealing an acid and oxidative stress response and impaired proteostasis. Neutralization using external urea as ammonium source improved the growth and decreased the expression of the glutamine synthetase-controlling GlnR regulon, indicating that S. aureus experienced ammonium starvation upon itaconic acid stress. In the extracellular metabolome, the amounts of acetate and formate were decreased, while secretion of pyruvate and the neutral product acetoin were strongly enhanced to avoid intracellular acidification. Exposure to itaconic acid affected the amino acid uptake and metabolism as revealed by the strong intracellular accumulation of lysine, threonine, histidine, aspartate, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, cysteine and methionine. In the proteome, itaconic acid caused widespread S-bacillithiolation and S-itaconation of redox-sensitive antioxidant and metabolic enzymes, ribosomal proteins and translation factors in S. aureus, supporting its oxidative and electrophilic mode of action in S. aureus. In phenotype analyses, the catalase KatA, the low molecular weight thiol bacillithiol and the urease provided protection against itaconic acid-induced oxidative and acid stress in S. aureus. Altogether, our results revealed that under physiological infection conditions, such as in the acidic phagolysome, itaconic acid is a highly effective antimicrobial against multi-resistant S. aureus isolates, which acts as weak acid causing an acid, oxidative and electrophilic stress response, leading to S-bacillithiolation and itaconation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Van Loi
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Biology-Microbiology, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Busche
- Microbial Genomics and Biotechnology, Center for Biotechnology, Bielefeld University, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Benno Kuropka
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Müller
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Biology-Microbiology, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karen Methling
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Metabolomics, University of Greifswald, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michael Lalk
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Metabolomics, University of Greifswald, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jörn Kalinowski
- Microbial Genomics and Biotechnology, Center for Biotechnology, Bielefeld University, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Haike Antelmann
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Biology-Microbiology, D-14195, Berlin, Germany.
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Lamret F, Lemaire A, Lagoutte M, Varin-Simon J, Abraham L, Colin M, Braux J, Velard F, Gangloff SC, Reffuveille F. Approaching prosthesis infection environment: Development of an innovative in vitro Staphylococcus aureus biofilm model. Biofilm 2023; 5:100120. [PMID: 37125394 PMCID: PMC10130472 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The major role and implication of bacterial biofilms in the case of bone and prosthesis infections have been highlighted and often linked to implant colonization. Management strategies of these difficult-to-treat infections consist in surgeries and antibiotic treatment, but the rate of relapse remains high, especially if Staphylococcus aureus, a high-virulent pathogen, is involved. Therapeutic approaches are not adapted to the specific features of biofilm in bone context whereas infectious environment is known to importantly influence biofilm structure. In the present study, we aim to characterize S. aureus SH1000 (methicillin-sensitive strain, MSSA) and USA300 (methicillin-resistant strain, MRSA) biofilm on different surfaces mimicking the periprosthetic environment. As expected, protein adsorption on titanium enhanced the number of adherent bacteria for both strains. On bone explant, USA300 adhered more than SH1000. The simultaneous presence of two different surfaces was also found to change the bacterial behaviour. Thus, proteins adsorption on titanium and bone samples (from bank or directly recovered after an arthroplasty) were found to be key parameters that influence S. aureus biofilm formation: adhesion, matrix production and biofilm-related gene regulation. These results highlighted the need for new biofilm models, more relevant with the infectious environment by using adapted culture medium and presence of surfaces that are representative of in situ conditions to better evaluate therapeutic strategies against biofilm.
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Staphylococcus aureus Behavior on Artificial Surfaces Mimicking Bone Environment. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12030384. [PMID: 36986306 PMCID: PMC10056644 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections, which interfere with bone regeneration, may be a critical issue to consider during the development of biomimetic material. Calcium phosphate (CaP) and type I collagen substrates, both suitable for bone-regeneration dedicated scaffolds, may favor bacterial adhesion. Staphylococcus aureus possesses adhesins that allow binding to CaP or collagen. After their adhesion, bacteria may develop structures highly tolerant to immune system attacks or antibiotic treatments: the biofilms. Thus, the choice of material used for scaffolds intended for bone sites is essential to provide devices with the ability to prevent bone and joint infections by limiting bacterial adhesion. In this study, we compared the adhesion of three different S. aureus strains (CIP 53.154, SH1000, and USA300) on collagen- and CaP-coating. Our objective was to evaluate the capacity of bacteria to adhere to these different bone-mimicking coated supports to better control the risk of infection. The three strains were able to adhere to CaP and collagen. The visible matrix components were more important on CaP- than on collagen-coating. However, this difference was not reflected in biofilm gene expression for which no change was observed between the two tested surfaces. Another objective was to evaluate these bone-mimicking coatings for the development of an in vitro model. Thus, CaP, collagen-coatings, and the titanium-mimicking prosthesis were simultaneously tested in the same bacterial culture. No significant differences were found compared to adhesion on surfaces independently tested. In conclusion, these coatings used as bone substitutes can easily be colonized by bacteria, especially CaP-coating, and must be used with an addition of antimicrobial molecules or strategies to avoid bacterial biofilm development.
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Peng Q, Tang X, Dong W, Sun N, Yuan W. A Review of Biofilm Formation of Staphylococcus aureus and Its Regulation Mechanism. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 12:antibiotics12010012. [PMID: 36671212 PMCID: PMC9854888 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria can form biofilms in natural and clinical environments on both biotic and abiotic surfaces. The bacterial aggregates embedded in biofilms are formed by their own produced extracellular matrix. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the most common pathogens of biofilm infections. The formation of biofilm can protect bacteria from being attacked by the host immune system and antibiotics and thus bacteria can be persistent against external challenges. Therefore, clinical treatments for biofilm infections are currently encountering difficulty. To address this critical challenge, a new and effective treatment method needs to be developed. A comprehensive understanding of bacterial biofilm formation and regulation mechanisms may provide meaningful insights against antibiotic resistance due to bacterial biofilms. In this review, we discuss an overview of S. aureus biofilms including the formation process, structural and functional properties of biofilm matrix, and the mechanism regulating biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Peng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Xiaohua Tang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Wanyang Dong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (W.Y.)
| | - Wenchang Yuan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (W.Y.)
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10
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Lamret F, Varin-Simon J, Six M, Thoraval L, Chevrier J, Adam C, Guillaume C, Velard F, Gangloff SC, Reffuveille F. Human Osteoblast-Conditioned Media Can Influence Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214393. [PMID: 36430871 PMCID: PMC9696964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoblasts are bone-forming and highly active cells participating in bone homeostasis. In the case of osteomyelitis and more specifically prosthetic joint infections (PJI) for which Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is mainly involved, the interaction between osteoblasts and S. aureus results in impaired bone homeostasis. If, so far, most of the studies of osteoblasts and S. aureus interactions were focused on osteoblast response following direct interactions with co-culture and/or internalization models, less is known about the effect of osteoblast factors on S. aureus biofilm formation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of human osteoblast culture supernatant on methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) SH1000 and methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) USA300. Firstly, Saos-2 cell line was incubated with either medium containing TNF-α to mimic the inflammatory periprosthetic environment or with regular medium. Biofilm biomass was slightly increased for both strains in the presence of culture supernatant collected from Saos-2 cells, stimulated or not with TNF-α. In such conditions, SH1000 was able to develop microcolonies, suggesting a rearrangement in biofilm organization. However, the biofilm matrix and regulation of genes dedicated to biofilm formation were not substantially changed. Secondly, culture supernatant obtained from primary osteoblast culture induced varied response from SH1000 strain depending on the different donors tested, whereas USA300 was only slightly affected. This suggested that the sensitivity to bone cell secretions is strain dependent. Our results have shown the impact of osteoblast secretions on bacteria and further identification of involved factors will help to manage PJI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Lamret
- Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux, BIOS EA 4691, SFR Cap Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Jennifer Varin-Simon
- Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux, BIOS EA 4691, SFR Cap Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Mélodie Six
- Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux, BIOS EA 4691, SFR Cap Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Léa Thoraval
- Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux, BIOS EA 4691, SFR Cap Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Julie Chevrier
- Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux, BIOS EA 4691, SFR Cap Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Cloé Adam
- Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux, BIOS EA 4691, SFR Cap Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Christine Guillaume
- Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux, BIOS EA 4691, SFR Cap Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Frédéric Velard
- Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux, BIOS EA 4691, SFR Cap Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Sophie C. Gangloff
- Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux, BIOS EA 4691, SFR Cap Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
- UFR Pharmacie, Service de Microbiologie, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Fany Reffuveille
- Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux, BIOS EA 4691, SFR Cap Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
- UFR Pharmacie, Service de Microbiologie, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
- Correspondence:
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11
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Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158088. [PMID: 35897667 PMCID: PMC9332259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper discusses the mechanisms of S. aureus drug resistance including: (1) introduction. (2) resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, with particular emphasis on the mec genes found in the Staphylococcaceae family, the structure and occurrence of SCCmec cassettes, as well as differences in the presence of some virulence genes and its expression in major epidemiological types and clones of HA-MRSA, CA-MRSA, and LA-MRSA strains. Other mechanisms of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics will also be discussed, such as mutations in the gdpP gene, BORSA or MODSA phenotypes, as well as resistance to ceftobiprole and ceftaroline. (3) Resistance to glycopeptides (VRSA, VISA, hVISA strains, vancomycin tolerance). (4) Resistance to oxazolidinones (mutational and enzymatic resistance to linezolid). (5) Resistance to MLS-B (macrolides, lincosamides, ketolides, and streptogramin B). (6) Aminoglycosides and spectinomicin, including resistance genes, their regulation and localization (plasmids, transposons, class I integrons, SCCmec), and types and spectrum of enzymes that inactivate aminoglycosides. (7). Fluoroquinolones (8) Tetracyclines, including the mechanisms of active protection of the drug target site and active efflux of the drug from the bacterial cell. (9) Mupirocin. (10) Fusidic acid. (11) Daptomycin. (12) Resistance to other antibiotics and chemioterapeutics (e.g., streptogramins A, quinupristin/dalfopristin, chloramphenicol, rifampicin, fosfomycin, trimethoprim) (13) Molecular epidemiology of MRSA.
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Faleiro L, Marques A, Martins J, Jordão L, Nogueira I, Gumerova NI, Rompel A, Aureliano M. The Preyssler-Type Polyoxotungstate Exhibits Anti-Quorum Sensing, Antibiofilm, and Antiviral Activities. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11070994. [PMID: 36101375 PMCID: PMC9311568 DOI: 10.3390/biology11070994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics has led researchers to find new compounds or find combinations between different compounds with potential antibacterial action and with the ability to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance. Polyoxotungstates (POTs) are inorganic clusters that may fulfill that need, either individually or in combination with antibiotics. Herein, we report the ability of the polyoxotungstates (POTs) with Wells-Dawson P2W18, P2W17, P2W15, and Preyssler P5W30 type structures to differently affect Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms, either susceptible or resistant to antibiotics. The compound P5W30 showed the highest activity against the majority of the tested bacterial strains in comparison with the other tested POTs (P2W15, P2W17 and P2W18) that did not show inhibition zones for the Gram-negative bacteria, A. baumanii I73775, E. coli DSM 1077, E. coli I73194, K. pneumoniae I7092374, and P. aeruginosa C46281). Generally, the results evidenced that Gram-positive bacteria are more susceptible to the POTs tested. The compound P5W30 was the one most active against S. aureus ATCC 6538 and MRSA16, reaching <0.83 mg·mL−1 (100 μM) and 4.96 mg·mL−1 (600 μM), respectively. Moreover, it was verified by NMR spectroscopy that the most promising POT, P5W30, remains intact under all the experimental conditions, after 24 h at 37 °C. This prompted us to further evaluate the anti-quorum sensing activity of P5W30 using the biosensor Chromobacterium violaceum CV026, as well as its antibiofilm activity both individually and in combination with the antibiotic cefoxitin against the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 16 (MRSA16). P5W30 showed a synergistic antibacterial effect with the antibiotic cefoxitin and chloramphenicol against MRSA16. Moreover, the antibiofilm activity of P5W30 was more pronounced when used individually, in comparison with the combination with the antibiotic cefoxitin. Finally, the antiviral activity of P5W30 was tested using the coliphage Qβ, showing a dose-dependent response. The maximum inactivation was observed at 750 μM (6.23 mg·mL−1). In sum, P5W30 shows anti-quorum sensing and antibiofilm activities besides being a potent antibacterial agent against S. aureus and to exhibit antiviral activities against enteric viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Faleiro
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (A.M.); (J.M.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center—Research Institute, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (M.A.)
| | - Ana Marques
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (A.M.); (J.M.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center—Research Institute, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - João Martins
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (A.M.); (J.M.)
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMar), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Luísa Jordão
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental (DSA), Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Isabel Nogueira
- MicroLab, Instituto Superior Técnico, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Nadiia I. Gumerova
- Universität Wien, Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, 1090 Wien, Austria; (N.I.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Annette Rompel
- Universität Wien, Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, 1090 Wien, Austria; (N.I.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Manuel Aureliano
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (A.M.); (J.M.)
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMar), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (M.A.)
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Akinduti PA, Emoh-Robinson V, Obamoh-Triumphant HF, Obafemi YD, Banjo TT. Antibacterial activities of plant leaf extracts against multi-antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus associated with skin and soft tissue infections. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:47. [PMID: 35189869 PMCID: PMC8862250 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03527-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The antibacterial activities of aqueous leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera, Vernonia amygdalina, Azadirachta indica and Acalypha wilkesiana against multidrug resistance (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus associated with skin and soft tissue infections were investigated. Methods Staphylococcus aureus (n = 183) from the skin and soft tissue infections with evidence of purulent pus, effusions from aspirates, wounds, and otorrhea were biotyped, and evaluated for biofilm production. The phenotypic antibiotic resistance and MDR strains susceptibility to plant leaves extract were determined using disc diffusion and micro-broth dilution assays respectively. The correlation of plant extract bioactive components with inhibitory activities was determined. Results High occurrence rate of S. aureus were recorded among infant and adult age groups and 13.2% mild biofilm producers from the wound (p < 0.05). Of 60.2% MDR strains with overall significant MARI of more than 0.85 (p < 0.05), high resistant rates to linozidine (92.7%; 95% CI:7.27–10.52), ofloxacin (94.2%; 95% CI:6.09–8.15), chloramphenicol (91.2%; 95% CI:6.11–8.32), gentamicin (97.3%; 95% CI:6.20–8.22), ciprofloxacin (92.7%; 95% CI: 5.28–7.99) and vancomycin (86.6%; 95% CI:6.81–9.59) were observed. Vernonia amygdalina and Azadirachta indica showed significant antimicrobial activity at 100 mg/ml and 75 mg/ml, with low susceptibility of less than 10% to 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, and 75 mg/ml Moringa oleifera. Alkaloids, saponin and terpenoids were significant in Moringa oleifera, Acalypha wilkesiana, Azadirachta indica and Vernonia amygdalina leaves extracts (p < 0.05). High inhibitory concentrations at IC50; 3.23, 3.75 and 4.80 mg/ml (p = 0.02, CI: − 0.08 – 11.52) and IC90; 12.9, 7.5, and 9.6 mg/ml (p = 0.028, CI: 2.72–23.38) were shown by Acalypha wilkesiana, Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa oleifera respectively. Comparative outcome of the plant extracts showed Acalypha wilkesiana, Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa oleifera to exhibit significant inhibition activities (p < 0.05) compared to other extracts. Significant median inhibitory concentration (15.3 mg/ml) of Azadirachta indica were observed (p < 0.01) and strong associations of phytochemical compounds of Azadirachta indica (eta = 0.527,p = 0.017), Vernonia amygdalina (eta = 0.123,p = 0.032) and Acalypha wilkesiana (eta = 0.492,p = 0.012) with their respective inhibitory values. Conclusion Observed high occurrence rate of skin and soft tissue infections caused by biofilm-producing MDR S. aureus requires alternative novel herbal formulations with rich bioactive compounds from Moringa oleifera, Acalypha wilkesiana, Azadirachta indica and Vernonia amygdalina as skin therapeutic agents. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03527-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Akinduti
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, PMB 1023, Ogun State, Nigeria.
| | - V Emoh-Robinson
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, PMB 1023, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - H F Obamoh-Triumphant
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, PMB 1023, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Y D Obafemi
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, PMB 1023, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - T T Banjo
- Department of Microbiology, Crawford University, Igbesa, Ogun State, Nigeria
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