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Qu J, Zhang X, Liu K, Li Y, Wang T, Fang Z, Chen C, Tan X, Lin Y, Xu Q, Yang Y, Wang W, Huang M, Guo S, Chen Z, Rao W, Shi X, Peng B. A Comparative Evaluation of Three Diagnostic Assays for the Detection of Human Monkeypox. Viruses 2024; 16:1286. [PMID: 39205260 PMCID: PMC11360518 DOI: 10.3390/v16081286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Accurate and early diagnosis of monkeypox virus (MPXV) is crucial for controlling epidemics and treating affected individuals promptly. This study aimed to assess the analytical and clinical performance of the MolecisionTM Monkeypox Virus qPCR Assay, Biorain Monkeypox Virus ddPCR Assay, and MAGLUMI® Monkeypox Virus Ag (chemiluminescence immunoassay, CLIA) Assay. Additionally, it aimed to compare the clinical application of antigen and nucleic acid assays to offer insights into using commercial monkeypox assay kits. Specimens from 117 clinical patients, serial diluted virus cell culture supernatant, and artificially created positive samples were tested to evaluate the performance of these assay kits for MPXV diagnostics. The Biorain Monkeypox Virus ddPCR Assay had a limit of detection (LoD) of 3.89 CCID50/mL, while the MolecisionTM Monkeypox Virus qPCR Assay had an LoD of 15.55 CCID50/mL. The MAGLUMI® Monkeypox Virus Ag (CLIA) Assay had an LoD of 0.500 pg/mL. The accuracy of the MolecisionTM Monkeypox Virus qPCR Assay was comparable to the Biorain Monkeypox Virus ddPCR Assay, and the MAGLUMI® Monkeypox Virus Ag (CLIA) Assay demonstrated high sensitivity. The specificity of all three MPXV diagnostic assays for clinical specimens with potential cross-reacting substances was 100%. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the clinical application of monkeypox assays, supporting efforts to mitigate and control the spread of monkeypox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qu
- Microbiology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (M.H.); (S.G.); (Z.C.)
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Microbiology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (M.H.); (S.G.); (Z.C.)
| | - Kun Liu
- Research & Development Department, Shenzhen New Industries Biomedical Engineering Co., Ltd., (Snibe), Shenzhen 518122, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (T.W.); (Z.F.); (C.C.)
| | - You Li
- Research & Development Department, Shenzhen New Industries Biomedical Engineering Co., Ltd., (Snibe), Shenzhen 518122, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (T.W.); (Z.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Ting Wang
- Research & Development Department, Shenzhen New Industries Biomedical Engineering Co., Ltd., (Snibe), Shenzhen 518122, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (T.W.); (Z.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Zhonggang Fang
- Research & Development Department, Shenzhen New Industries Biomedical Engineering Co., Ltd., (Snibe), Shenzhen 518122, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (T.W.); (Z.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Cheng Chen
- Research & Development Department, Shenzhen New Industries Biomedical Engineering Co., Ltd., (Snibe), Shenzhen 518122, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (T.W.); (Z.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Xiao Tan
- Shenzhen Biorain Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518122, China;
| | - Ying Lin
- Microbiology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (M.H.); (S.G.); (Z.C.)
| | - Qing Xu
- Microbiology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (M.H.); (S.G.); (Z.C.)
| | - Yan Yang
- Microbiology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (M.H.); (S.G.); (Z.C.)
| | - Wanqing Wang
- Microbiology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (M.H.); (S.G.); (Z.C.)
| | - Manyu Huang
- Microbiology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (M.H.); (S.G.); (Z.C.)
| | - Shiliang Guo
- Microbiology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (M.H.); (S.G.); (Z.C.)
| | - Ziqiu Chen
- Microbiology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (M.H.); (S.G.); (Z.C.)
| | - Wei Rao
- Research & Development Department, Shenzhen New Industries Biomedical Engineering Co., Ltd., (Snibe), Shenzhen 518122, China; (K.L.); (Y.L.); (T.W.); (Z.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Xiaolu Shi
- Microbiology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (M.H.); (S.G.); (Z.C.)
| | - Bo Peng
- Microbiology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (M.H.); (S.G.); (Z.C.)
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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Chandran M, Chellasamy G, Veerapandian M, Dhanasekaran B, Kumar Arumugasamy S, Govindaraju S, Yun K. Fabrication of label-free immunoprobe for monkeypox A29 detection using one-step electrodeposited molybdenum oxide-graphene quantum rods. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 660:412-422. [PMID: 38244507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.12.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Monkeypox is a zoonotic viral infection caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), which belongs to the Poxviridae family of the Orthopoxvirus (OPXV) genus. Monkeypox is transmitted from animals to humans and humans to humans; therefore, the accurate and early detection of MPXV is crucial for reducing mortality. A novel graphene-based material, graphene quantum rods (GQRs) was synthesized and confirmed using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In this study, molybdenum oxide was electrodeposited and one-pot electrodeposition of MoO3-GQRs composite on carbon fiber paper (CFP) enabled by an antibody (Ab A29)/MoO3-GQRs immunoprobe was developed for the early diagnosis of MPXV protein (A29P). Several studies were conducted to analyze the MoO3-GQRs composite, and the prepared Ab A29/MoO3-GQRs immunoprobe selectively bound to the A29P antigen that was measured using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) analysis and impedance spectroscopy. The antigen-antibody interaction was analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. DPV analysis showed a wide linear range of detection from 0.5 nM to 1000 nM, a detection limit of 0.52 nM, and a sensitivity of 4.51 µA in PBS. The prepared immunoprobe was used to analyze A29P in serum samples without reducing electrode sensitivity. This system is promising for the clinical analysis of A29P antigen and offers several advantages, including cost-effectiveness, ease of use, accuracy, and high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugesan Chandran
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Gayathri Chellasamy
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Mekala Veerapandian
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Barkavi Dhanasekaran
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Shiva Kumar Arumugasamy
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Saravanan Govindaraju
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyusik Yun
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea.
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Hirani R, Noruzi K, Iqbal A, Hussaini AS, Khan RA, Harutyunyan A, Etienne M, Tiwari RK. A Review of the Past, Present, and Future of the Monkeypox Virus: Challenges, Opportunities, and Lessons from COVID-19 for Global Health Security. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2713. [PMID: 38004725 PMCID: PMC10673257 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox, a rare but significant zoonotic and orthopoxviral disease, has garnered increasing attention due to its potential for human-to-human transmission and its recent resurgence in multiple countries throughout Europe, North America, and Oceania. The disease has emerged as a novel threat to the global health systems that are still striving to recover from the major shocks of the COVID-19 pandemic. The unusual manifestation of the illness highlights a substantial knowledge deficit and necessitates the immediate development of a public health action strategy, considering the epidemiological differences observed in the ongoing outbreak and the appearance of cases in non-endemic nations. This literature review aims to synthesize existing knowledge on monkeypox, encompassing its historical context, etiology, epidemiology, surveillance, prevention, transmission, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatments, and recent outbreak. Particular attention is given to both advances and gaps in our understanding of monkeypox, and we point toward future directions for research and intervention efforts as pertains to vaccine development and distribution. Lastly, we will also review the recent outbreak through a sociopolitical lens as relates to decision-making strategies, especially given the lessons learned from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Hirani
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (R.H.); (A.I.); (R.A.K.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Kaleb Noruzi
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (R.H.); (A.I.); (R.A.K.)
| | - Aroubah Iqbal
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (R.H.); (A.I.); (R.A.K.)
| | - Anum S. Hussaini
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Rafay A. Khan
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (R.H.); (A.I.); (R.A.K.)
| | - Aleksandr Harutyunyan
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (R.H.); (A.I.); (R.A.K.)
| | - Mill Etienne
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (R.H.); (A.I.); (R.A.K.)
- Department of Neurology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Raj K. Tiwari
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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