1
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Li Q, Chen Y, Zhang W, Li C, Tang D, Hua W, Hou F, Chen Z, Liu Y, Tian Y, Sun K, Xu X, Zeng Y, Xia F, Lu J, Wang Z. Mpox virus Clade IIb infected Cynomolgus macaques via mimic natural infection routes closely resembled human mpox infection. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2332669. [PMID: 38494777 PMCID: PMC10984234 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2332669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Generating an infectious non-human primate (NHP) model using a prevalent monkeypox virus (MPXV) strain has emerged as a crucial strategy for assessing the efficacy of vaccines and antiviral drugs against human MPXV infection. Here, we established an animal model by infecting cynomolgus macaques with the prevalent MPXV strain, WIBP-MPXV-001, and simulating its natural routes of infection. A comprehensive analysis and evaluation were conducted on three animals, including monitoring clinical symptoms, collecting hematology data, measuring viral loads, evaluating cellular and humoral immune responses, and examining histopathology. Our findings revealed that initial skin lesions appeared at the inoculation sites and subsequently spread to the limbs and back, and all infected animals exhibited bilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy, eventually leading to a self-limiting disease course. Viral DNA was detected in post-infection blood, nasal, throat, rectal and blister fluid swabs. These observations indicate that the NHP model accurately reflects critical clinical features observed in human MPXV infection. Notably, the animals displayed clinical symptoms and disease progression similar to those of humans, rather than a lethal outcome as observed in previous studies. Historically, MPXV was utilized as a surrogate model for smallpox. However, our study contributes to a better understanding of the dynamics of current MPXV infections while providing a potential infectious NHP model for further evaluation of vaccines and antiviral drugs against mpox infection. Furthermore, the challenge model closely mimics the primary natural routes of transmission for human MPXV infections. This approach enhances our understanding of the precise mechanisms underlying the interhuman transmission of MPXV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingni Li
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ding Tang
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanlu Hua
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Hou
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanlang Liu
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Tian
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaili Sun
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Xu
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Xia
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Lu
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zejun Wang
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory for Novel Vaccines Research and Development of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Provincial Vaccine Technology Innovation Center, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Tian L, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Ruan L, Ren F, Han Y, Zhang Y, Yang L, Li S, Sun H, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Pei R, Deng F, Huang C, Chen X, Wang Y. Vaccinia virus tiantan strain is inefficient in eliciting cross-reactive immunity against the emerging monkeypox virus strain. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2306967. [PMID: 38240366 PMCID: PMC10829819 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2306967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingqian Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lianguo Ruan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuli Ren
- Center for Translational Medicine, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Han
- Center for Translational Medicine, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yecheng Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongjuan Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaolin Huang
- Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Mancon A, Raccagni AR, Gagliardi G, Moschese D, Rizzo A, Giacomelli A, Cutrera M, Salari F, Bracchitta F, Antinori S, Gori A, Rizzardini G, Castagna A, Gismondo MR, Nozza S, Mileto D. Evaluation of analytical performance of the STANDARD TM M10 MPX/OPX assay for the simultaneous DNA detection and clade attribution of Monkeypox virus. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2337666. [PMID: 38572513 PMCID: PMC11018020 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2337666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection confirmation needs reliable polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays; in addition, viral clade attribution is a key factor in containment measures, considering a more severe syndrome in clade I and the possibility of simultaneous circulation. This study evaluates the performance of all-in-one STANDARD M10 MPX/OPX (SD BIOSENSOR, South Korea - M10). Frozen samples from 205 subjects were selected and stratified according to routine test results (RealStar® Orthopoxvirus PCR Kit 1.0, Altona DIAGNOTICS, Germany - RS; RS-1): in detail, 100 negative skin lesions (SL) and 200 positive samples at the variable stage of infection were analysed. Positive samples were retested with RS (RS-2). Positive and Negative Percent Agreements (PPA, NPA) were calculated. The median (IQR) Ct values of RS and M10 (OPXV target) assays were highly similar. The PPA of M10 compared to RS-1 was 89.5% considering system interpretation, and 96.0% when the operator classified results as positive if any target was detected; NPA was 100%. Comparing the RS-2 run and M10, an overall concordance of 95.3% between assays was found; however, considering operator interpretation, M10 returned more positive results than RS-2. The occurrence of False-Negative results was likely associated with the influence of thawing on low viral concentration; no False-Positive tests were observed. All samples collected at the time of Mpox diagnosis were positive and M10 correctly attributed the clade (West-Africa/II). The M10 MPX/OPX assay demonstrated high reliability in confirming MPXV infection and clade attribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mancon
- Laboratory of Clincal Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Davide Moschese
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Rizzo
- Laboratory of Clincal Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Giacomelli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Spinello Antinori
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Gori
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliano Rizzardini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Castagna
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Gismondo
- Laboratory of Clincal Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Nozza
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Mileto
- Laboratory of Clincal Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
- CNR-SCITEC, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, via C. Golgi 19, 20133Milan, Italy
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4
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Sun H, Miao Y, Yang X, Guo L, Li Q, Wang J, Long J, Zhang Z, Shi J, Li J, Cao Y, Yu C, Mai J, Rong Z, Feng J, Wang S, Yang J, Wang S. Rapid identification of A29L antibodies based on mRNA immunization and high-throughput single B cell sequencing to detect Monkeypox virus. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2332665. [PMID: 38517731 PMCID: PMC10984235 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2332665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
With the large number of atypical cases in the mpox outbreak, which was classified as a global health emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 23 July 2022, rapid diagnosis of mpox and diseases with similar symptoms to mpox such as chickenpox and respiratory infectious diseases in the early stages of viral infection is key to controlling the spread of the outbreak. In this study, antibodies against the monkeypox virus A29L protein were efficiently and rapidly identified by combining rapid mRNA immunization with high-throughput sequencing of individual B cells. We obtained eight antibodies with a high affinity for A29L validated by ELISA, which were was used as the basis for developing an ultrasensitive fluorescent immunochromatographic assay based on multilayer quantum dot nanobeads (SiTQD-ICA). The SiTQD-ICA biosensor utilizing M53 and M78 antibodies showed high sensitivity and stability of detection: A29L was detected within 20 min, with a minimum detection limit of 5 pg/mL. A specificity test showed that the method was non-cross-reactive with chickenpox or common respiratory pathogens and can be used for early and rapid diagnosis of monkeypox virus infection by antigen detection. This antibody identification method can also be used for rapid acquisition of monoclonal antibodies in early outbreaks of other infectious diseases for various studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huisheng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqi Miao
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingsheng Yang
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Guo
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyu Li
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinrong Long
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqi Shi
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Cao
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Changxiao Yu
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jierui Mai
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Rong
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiannan Feng
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengqi Wang
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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5
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Hewel C, Schmidt H, Runkel S, Kohnen W, Schweiger-Seemann S, Michel A, Bikar SE, Lieb B, Plachter B, Hankeln T, Linke M, Gerber S. Nanopore adaptive sampling of a metagenomic sample derived from a human monkeypox case. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29610. [PMID: 38654702 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In 2022, a series of human monkeypox cases in multiple countries led to the largest and most widespread outbreak outside the known endemic areas. Setup of proper genomic surveillance is of utmost importance to control such outbreaks. To this end, we performed Nanopore (PromethION P24) and Illumina (NextSeq. 2000) Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) of a monkeypox sample. Adaptive sampling was applied for in silico depletion of the human host genome, allowing for the enrichment of low abundance viral DNA without a priori knowledge of sample composition. Nanopore sequencing allowed for high viral genome coverage, tracking of sample composition during sequencing, strain determination, and preliminary assessment of mutational pattern. In addition to that, only Nanopore data allowed us to resolve the entire monkeypox virus genome, with respect to two structural variants belonging to the genes OPG015 and OPG208. These SVs in important host range genes seem stable throughout the outbreak and are frequently misassembled and/or misannotated due to the prevalence of short read sequencing or short read first assembly. Ideally, standalone standard Illumina sequencing should not be used for Monkeypox WGS and de novo assembly, since it will obfuscate the structure of the genome, which has an impact on the quality and completeness of the genomes deposited in public databases and thus possibly on the ability to evaluate the complete genetic reason for the host range change of monkeypox in the current pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Hewel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hanno Schmidt
- SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Consortium Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Virology and Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Runkel
- SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Consortium Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Transfusion Unit & Test Center, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kohnen
- SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Consortium Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Hygiene and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susann Schweiger-Seemann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Consortium Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - André Michel
- SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Consortium Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Medical Management Department, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sven-Ernö Bikar
- SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Consortium Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- StarSEQ GmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Bodo Plachter
- SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Consortium Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Virology and Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Consortium Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics & Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Linke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Consortium Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Gerber
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Consortium Mainz, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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6
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Zhang L, Liu J, Huang S, Zeng W, Li L, Fan X, Lu Z. A high-throughput DNA analysis method based on isothermal amplification on a suspension microarray for detecting mpox virus and viruses with comparable symptoms. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1299:342416. [PMID: 38499413 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mpox is a zoonotic disease caused by mpox virus (MPXV) infection. Since May 2022, there has been a marked increase in human mpox cases in different regions. Rash, fever, and sore throat are typical signs of mpox. However, other viruses, such as the B virus (BV), herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus types 2 (HSV-2), and varicella zoster virus (VZV), can also infect people and cause comparable symptoms. Therefore, clinical symptoms and signs alone make distinguishing MPXV from these viruses difficult. RESULTS In this study, we combined suspension microarray technology with recombinase-aided amplification technology (RAA) to establish a high-throughput, sensitive, and quantitative method for detecting MPXV and other viruses that can cause similar symptoms. The experimental results confirmed that the technique has outstanding sensitivity, with a minimum detection limit (LOD) of 0.1 fM and a linear range of 0.3 fM to 20 pM, spanning five orders of magnitude. The approach also exhibits exquisite selectivity, as the amplified signal can only be detected when the target virus nucleic acid is present. Additionally, serum recoveries ranging from 80.52% to 119.09% suggest that the detection outcomes are generally considered reliable. Moreover, the time required for detection using this high-throughput method is very short. After DNA extraction, the detection signal amplified by isothermal amplification on the bead array can be obtained in just 1 h. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY Our research introduces a new technique that utilizes suspension microarray technology and isothermal amplification to create a high-throughput nucleic acid assay. This innovative method offers multiple benefits compared to current techniques, such as being cost-effective, time-efficient, highly sensitive, and having high throughput capabilities. Furthermore, the assay is applicable not only for detecting MPXV and viruses with similar symptoms, but also for clinical diagnostics, food safety, and environmental monitoring, rendering it an effective tool for screening harmful microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Molecular Pharmacology and Advanced Micro/Nano Diagnostic Technology, School of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Micro and Nanotechnology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Jieyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Molecular Pharmacology and Advanced Micro/Nano Diagnostic Technology, School of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Micro and Nanotechnology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Shisi Huang
- Department of Medical Healthcare, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, 570208, China
| | - Wentao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Molecular Pharmacology and Advanced Micro/Nano Diagnostic Technology, School of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Micro and Nanotechnology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Molecular Pharmacology and Advanced Micro/Nano Diagnostic Technology, School of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Micro and Nanotechnology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Xihao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Molecular Pharmacology and Advanced Micro/Nano Diagnostic Technology, School of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Micro and Nanotechnology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Zhuoxuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Molecular Pharmacology and Advanced Micro/Nano Diagnostic Technology, School of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Micro and Nanotechnology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
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7
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Monzón S, Varona S, Negredo A, Vidal-Freire S, Patiño-Galindo JA, Ferressini-Gerpe N, Zaballos A, Orviz E, Ayerdi O, Muñoz-Gómez A, Delgado-Iribarren A, Estrada V, García C, Molero F, Sánchez-Mora P, Torres M, Vázquez A, Galán JC, Torres I, Causse Del Río M, Merino-Diaz L, López M, Galar A, Cardeñoso L, Gutiérrez A, Loras C, Escribano I, Alvarez-Argüelles ME, Del Río L, Simón M, Meléndez MA, Camacho J, Herrero L, Jiménez P, Navarro-Rico ML, Jado I, Giannetti E, Kuhn JH, Sanchez-Lockhart M, Di Paola N, Kugelman JR, Guerra S, García-Sastre A, Cuesta I, Sánchez-Seco MP, Palacios G. Monkeypox virus genomic accordion strategies. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3059. [PMID: 38637500 PMCID: PMC11026394 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46949-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The 2023 monkeypox (mpox) epidemic was caused by a subclade IIb descendant of a monkeypox virus (MPXV) lineage traced back to Nigeria in 1971. Person-to-person transmission appears higher than for clade I or subclade IIa MPXV, possibly caused by genomic changes in subclade IIb MPXV. Key genomic changes could occur in the genome's low-complexity regions (LCRs), which are challenging to sequence and are often dismissed as uninformative. Here, using a combination of highly sensitive techniques, we determine a high-quality MPXV genome sequence of a representative of the current epidemic with LCRs resolved at unprecedented accuracy. This reveals significant variation in short tandem repeats within LCRs. We demonstrate that LCR entropy in the MPXV genome is significantly higher than that of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and that LCRs are not randomly distributed. In silico analyses indicate that expression, translation, stability, or function of MPXV orthologous poxvirus genes (OPGs), including OPG153, OPG204, and OPG208, could be affected in a manner consistent with the established "genomic accordion" evolutionary strategies of orthopoxviruses. We posit that genomic studies focusing on phenotypic MPXV differences should consider LCR variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Monzón
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Unidades Centrales Científico Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sarai Varona
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Unidades Centrales Científico Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Internacional de Doctorado de la UNED (EIDUNED), Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 2832, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabel Negredo
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Vidal-Freire
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | | | | | - Angel Zaballos
- Unidad de Genómica, Unidades Centrales Científico Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Orviz
- Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oskar Ayerdi
- Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Muñoz-Gómez
- Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Vicente Estrada
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina García
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Molero
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Sánchez-Mora
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Torres
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Vázquez
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan-Carlos Galán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Torres
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Instituto de Investigación INCLIVA, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Causse Del Río
- Unidad de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Laura Merino-Diaz
- Unidad Clínico de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marcos López
- Servicio de Microbiología y Parasitología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, 28222, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Galar
- Servicio de Microbiología Clínica y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Cardeñoso
- Servicio de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Gutiérrez
- Servicio de Microbiología y Parasitología Clínica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Loras
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital General y Universitario, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Isabel Escribano
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | | | | | - María Simón
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Central de la Defensa "Gómez Ulla", 28947, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Angeles Meléndez
- Servicio de Microbiología y Parasitología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Camacho
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Herrero
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Jiménez
- Unidad de Genómica, Unidades Centrales Científico Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Navarro-Rico
- Unidad de Genómica, Unidades Centrales Científico Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Jado
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elaina Giannetti
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jens H Kuhn
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Mariano Sanchez-Lockhart
- United States Army Research Institute for Infectious Disease, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Nicholas Di Paola
- United States Army Research Institute for Infectious Disease, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Kugelman
- United States Army Research Institute for Infectious Disease, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Susana Guerra
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Departmento de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Publica y Microbiología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Isabel Cuesta
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Unidades Centrales Científico Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maripaz P Sánchez-Seco
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo Palacios
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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8
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Kalonji T, Malembi E, Matela JP, Likafi T, Kinganda-Lusamaki E, Vakaniaki EH, Hoff NA, Aziza A, Muyembe F, Kabamba J, Cooreman T, Nguete B, Witte D, Ayouba A, Fernandez-Nuñez N, Roge S, Peeters M, Merritt S, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Delaporte E, Pukuta E, Mariën J, Bangwen E, Lakin S, Lewis C, Doty JB, Liesenborghs L, Hensley LE, McCollum A, Rimoin AW, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Shongo R, Kaba D, Mbala-Kingebeni P. Co-Circulating Monkeypox and Swinepox Viruses, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2022. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:761-765. [PMID: 38526165 PMCID: PMC10977837 DOI: 10.3201/eid3004.231413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In September 2022, deaths of pigs manifesting pox-like lesions caused by swinepox virus were reported in Tshuapa Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Two human mpox cases were found concurrently in the surrounding community. Specific diagnostics and robust sequencing are needed to characterize multiple poxviruses and prevent potential poxvirus transmission.
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9
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Mariotti D, Bettini A, Meschi S, Notari S, Francalancia M, Tartaglia E, Lapa D, Specchiarello E, Girardi E, Matusali G, Maggi F. Effect of chemical and physical agents on monkeypox virus infectivity and downstream research applications. Virology 2024; 592:109993. [PMID: 38244323 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.109993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The 2022 global spread of Monkeypox Virus (MPXV) underlined the need to investigate safe-handling procedures of clinical and research samples. Here we evaluated the efficiency in reducing MPXV infectious titer of Triton X-100 (0.1 and 0.2%), UV-C irradiation (15 or 30 min), and heat (56 °C 30 min or 70 °C 5 min). The treatment of MPXV at 70 °C resulted in the strongest decrease of MPXV infectious titer (5.4 Log TCID50/mL), 56 °C and UV-C had a lighter impact (3.9 and 4.3Log), Triton X-100 was less efficient (1.8-2.5Log). Notably, SARS-CoV-2 was much more susceptible to Triton X-100 (4.0 Log decrease). UV-C had the highest impact on MPXV DNA detection by PCR (2.2-4.3 Ct value increase); protein detection by ELISA was dramatically impaired by heating. Overall, UV-C and heating were more effective in lowering MPXV infectious titer but their impact on nucleic acids or protein detection assays must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Mariotti
- Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Aurora Bettini
- Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Meschi
- Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Notari
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Francalancia
- Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Tartaglia
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology and Pharmacology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Lapa
- Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Eliana Specchiarello
- Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Girardi
- Scientific Direction, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Matusali
- Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety Laboratories, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
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10
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Sun Y, Nie W, Tian D, Ye Q. Human monkeypox virus: Epidemiologic review and research progress in diagnosis and treatment. J Clin Virol 2024; 171:105662. [PMID: 38432097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is responsible for causing a zoonotic disease called monkeypox (mpox), which sporadically infects humans in West and Central Africa. It first infected humans in 1970 and, along with the variola virus, belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus in the poxvirus family. Since the World Health Organization declared the MPXV outbreak a "Public Health Emergency of International Concern" on July 23, 2022, the number of infected patients has increased dramatically. To control this epidemic and address this previously neglected disease, MPXV needs to be better understood and reevaluated. In this review, we cover recent research on MPXV, including its genomic and pathogenic characteristics, transmission, mutations and mechanisms, clinical characteristics, epidemiology, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment measures, as well as prevention of MPXV infection in light of the 2022 and 2023 global outbreaks. The 2022 MPXV outbreak has been primarily associated with close intimate contact, including sexual activity, with most cases diagnosed among men who have sex with men. The incubation period of MPXV infection usually lasts from 6 to 13 days, and symptoms include fever, muscle pains, headache, swollen lymph nodes, and a characteristic painful rash, including several stages, such as macules, papules, blisters, pustules, scabs, and scab shedding involving the genitals and anus. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is usually used to detect MPXV in skin lesion material. Treatment includes supportive care, antivirals, and intravenous vaccinia immune globulin. Smallpox vaccines have been designed with four givens emergency approval for use against MPXV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Wenjian Nie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Dandan Tian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China.
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11
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Gonzalez G, Carr M, Kelleher TM, O'Byrne E, Banka W, Keogan B, Bennett C, Franzoni G, Keane P, Kenna C, Meredith LW, Fletcher N, Urtasun-Elizari JM, Dean J, Browne C, Lyons F, Crowley B, Igoe D, Robinson E, Martin G, Connell J, De Gascun CF, Hare D. Multiple introductions of monkeypox virus to Ireland during the international mpox outbreak, May 2022 to October 2023. Euro Surveill 2024; 29:2300505. [PMID: 38639093 PMCID: PMC11027473 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2024.29.16.2300505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BackgroundMpox, caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV), was considered a rare zoonotic disease before May 2022, when a global epidemic of cases in non-endemic countries led to the declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Cases of mpox in Ireland, a country without previous mpox reports, could reflect extended local transmission or multiple epidemiological introductions.AimTo elucidate the origins and molecular characteristics of MPXV circulating in Ireland between May 2022 and October 2023.MethodsWhole genome sequencing of MPXV from 75% of all Irish mpox cases (182/242) was performed and compared to sequences retrieved from public databases (n = 3,362). Bayesian approaches were used to infer divergence time between sequences from different subclades and evaluate putative importation events from other countries.ResultsOf 242 detected mpox cases, 99% were males (median age: 35 years; range: 15-60). All 182 analysed genomes were assigned to Clade IIb and, presence of 12 distinguishable subclades suggests multiple introductions into Ireland. Estimation of time to divergence of subclades further supports the hypothesis for multiple importation events from numerous countries, indicative of extended and sustained international spread of mpox. Further analysis of sequences revealed that 92% of nucleotide mutations were from cytosine to thymine (or from guanine to adenine), leading to a high number of non-synonymous mutations across subclades; mutations associated with tecovirimat resistance were not observed.ConclusionWe provide insights into the international transmission dynamics supporting multiple introductions of MPXV into Ireland. Such information supported the implementation of evidence-informed public health control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Gonzalez
- International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Japan Initiative for World-leading Vaccine Research and Development Centers, Hokkaido University, Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Sapporo, Japan
- UCD National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Carr
- International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- UCD National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tomás M Kelleher
- UCD National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emer O'Byrne
- UCD National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Weronika Banka
- UCD National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brian Keogan
- UCD National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Charlene Bennett
- UCD National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Geraldine Franzoni
- UCD National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrice Keane
- Department of Virology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cliona Kenna
- UCD National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luke W Meredith
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Fletcher
- Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Jonathan Dean
- UCD National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ciaran Browne
- National MPOX Crisis Management Lead, Acute Operations, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona Lyons
- Sexual Health and Crisis Pregnancy Programme, Health and Wellbeing, Strategy and Research, Healthcare Strategy, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brendan Crowley
- Department of Virology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Derval Igoe
- Health Service Executive Public Health: National Health Protection, Ireland
| | - Eve Robinson
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Greg Martin
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jeff Connell
- UCD National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cillian F De Gascun
- UCD National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniel Hare
- UCD National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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12
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Zuiani A, Dulberger CL, De Silva NS, Marquette M, Lu YJ, Palowitch GM, Dokic A, Sanchez-Velazquez R, Schlatterer K, Sarkar S, Kar S, Chawla B, Galeev A, Lindemann C, Rothenberg DA, Diao H, Walls AC, Addona TA, Mensa F, Vogel AB, Stuart LM, van der Most R, Srouji JR, Türeci Ö, Gaynor RB, Şahin U, Poran A. A multivalent mRNA monkeypox virus vaccine (BNT166) protects mice and macaques from orthopoxvirus disease. Cell 2024; 187:1363-1373.e12. [PMID: 38366591 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
In response to the 2022 outbreak of mpox driven by unprecedented human-to-human monkeypox virus (MPXV) transmission, we designed BNT166, aiming to create a highly immunogenic, safe, accessible, and scalable next-generation vaccine against MPXV and related orthopoxviruses. To address the multiple viral forms and increase the breadth of immune response, two candidate multivalent mRNA vaccines were evaluated pre-clinically: a quadrivalent vaccine (BNT166a; encoding the MPXV antigens A35, B6, M1, H3) and a trivalent vaccine (BNT166c; without H3). Both candidates induced robust T cell responses and IgG antibodies in mice, including neutralizing antibodies to both MPXV and vaccinia virus. In challenge studies, BNT166a and BNT166c provided complete protection from vaccinia, clade I, and clade IIb MPXV. Furthermore, immunization with BNT166a was 100% effective at preventing death and at suppressing lesions in a lethal clade I MPXV challenge in cynomolgus macaques. These findings support the clinical evaluation of BNT166, now underway (NCT05988203).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Özlem Türeci
- BioNTech SE, Mainz, Germany; HI-TRON - Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology Mainz by DKFZ, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Uğur Şahin
- BioNTech SE, Mainz, Germany; TRON gGmbH - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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13
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Giorgi FM, Pozzobon D, Di Meglio A, Mercatelli D. Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of the recent Mpox outbreak. Vaccine 2024; 42:1841-1849. [PMID: 38311533 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The Mpox (formerly named Monkeypox) virus is the etiological cause of a recent multi-country outbreak, with thousands of distinct cases detected outside the endemic areas of Africa as of December 2023. In this article, we analyze the sequences of full genomes of Mpox virus from Europe and compare them with all available Mpox sequences of historical relevance, annotated by year and geographic origin, as well as related Cowpox and Variola (smallpox) virus sequences. Our results show that the recent outbreak is most likely originating from the West African clade of Mpox, with >99 % sequence identity with sequences derived from historical and recent cases, dating from 1971 to 2017. We analyze specific mutations occurring in viral proteins between the current outbreak, previous Mpox and Cowpox sequences, and the historical Variola virus. Genome-wide sequence analysis of the recent outbreak and other Mpox/Cowpox/Variola viruses shows a very high conservation, with 97.9 % (protein-based) and 97.8 % (nucleotide-based) sequence identity. We identified significant correlation in human transcriptional responses as well, with a conserved immune pathway response induced in human cell cultures by the three families of Pox virus. The similarities identified between the major strains of Pox viruses, as well as within the Mpox clades, both at the genomic and transcriptomic levels, provide a molecular basis for the observed efficacy of Variola vaccines in other Poxviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico M Giorgi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Daniele Pozzobon
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Meglio
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Mercatelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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14
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Alakunle E, Kolawole D, Diaz-Cánova D, Alele F, Adegboye O, Moens U, Okeke MI. A comprehensive review of monkeypox virus and mpox characteristics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1360586. [PMID: 38510963 PMCID: PMC10952103 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1360586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is the etiological agent of monkeypox (mpox), a zoonotic disease. MPXV is endemic in the forested regions of West and Central Africa, but the virus has recently spread globally, causing outbreaks in multiple non-endemic countries. In this paper, we review the characteristics of the virus, including its ecology, genomics, infection biology, and evolution. We estimate by phylogenomic molecular clock that the B.1 lineage responsible for the 2022 mpox outbreaks has been in circulation since 2016. We interrogate the host-virus interactions that modulate the virus infection biology, signal transduction, pathogenesis, and host immune responses. We highlight the changing pathophysiology and epidemiology of MPXV and summarize recent advances in the prevention and treatment of mpox. In addition, this review identifies knowledge gaps with respect to the virus and the disease, suggests future research directions to address the knowledge gaps, and proposes a One Health approach as an effective strategy to prevent current and future epidemics of mpox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Alakunle
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria
| | - Daniel Kolawole
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria
| | - Diana Diaz-Cánova
- Department of Medical Biology, UIT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Faith Alele
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Ugo Moens
- Department of Medical Biology, UIT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Malachy Ifeanyi Okeke
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria
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15
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Masirika LM, Udahemuka JC, Schuele L, Ndishimye P, Otani S, Mbiribindi JB, Marekani JM, Mambo LM, Bubala NM, Boter M, Nieuwenhuijse DF, Lang T, Kalalizi EB, Musabyimana JP, Aarestrup FM, Koopmans M, Oude Munnink BB, Siangoli FB. Ongoing mpox outbreak in Kamituga, South Kivu province, associated with monkeypox virus of a novel Clade I sub-lineage, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2024. Euro Surveill 2024; 29:2400106. [PMID: 38487886 PMCID: PMC10941309 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2024.29.11.2400106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of 2023, the number of people with suspected monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection have sharply increased in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). We report near-to-complete MPXV genome sequences derived from six cases from the South Kivu province. Phylogenetic analyses reveal that the MPXV affecting the cases belongs to a novel Clade I sub-lineage. The outbreak strain genome lacks the target sequence of the probe and primers of a commonly used Clade I-specific real-time PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandre Murhula Masirika
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles de Lwiro, DS Bukavu, South Kivu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- SaBio Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha & CSIC), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Jean Claude Udahemuka
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Rwanda, Nyagatare, Rwanda
- Stansile Research Organization, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Leonard Schuele
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pacifique Ndishimye
- Stansile Research Organization, Kigali, Rwanda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Research and Innovation Centre, African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Saria Otani
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Jean M Marekani
- Unit of Animal Production and Health, Nature Conservation and Development, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Léandre Mutimbwa Mambo
- Zone de Santé de Kamituga, Kamituga, South Kivu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Marjan Boter
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David F Nieuwenhuijse
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trudie Lang
- The Global Health Network, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ernest Balyahamwabo Kalalizi
- SaBio Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha & CSIC), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Jean Pierre Musabyimana
- Research, innovation and data science division, Rwanda Biomedical Center, Kigali, Rwanda
- Stansile Research Organization, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Frank M Aarestrup
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marion Koopmans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas B Oude Munnink
- These authors contributed equally
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Freddy Belesi Siangoli
- These authors contributed equally
- Division Provinciale de la Santé, South Kivu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Riche E, Aherfi S, Colson P, La-Scola B, Mallet S, Minodier P, Zandotti C, Luciani L, Morand A. Differences and similarities between Monkeypox and Chickenpox in children during an outbreak. Travel Med Infect Dis 2024; 58:102687. [PMID: 38218389 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Herein, we described cases of children under 16 years old suspected to be infected with Monkeypox virus (MKPV) and diagnosed with chickenpox in public hospitals of Marseille, south of France. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective study from March 23rd, 2022 to October 20th, 2022 in our institution of results of MKPV DNA and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) DNA detection by PCR performed on cutaneous lesions swabs collected from children <16 years old. RESULTS None of the cutaneous swabs collected from 14 children were positive for MKPV DNA. In contrast, 30/168 (17 %) cutaneous swabs collected from children were positive for VZV DNA. Of these 30 VZV-positive children, 7 had been suspected of MKPV infection because of their atypical rash, due to the location of the lesions and the chronology of their appearance. DISCUSSION As in our cohort, pediatric cases of the 2022 Monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic developed countries have been very rare. This variant of MKPV does not normally spread easily and requires very close physical contact between an infected person (skin lesions, bodily fluids or respiratory droplets) and another person to be transmitted. It will nevertheless be a question of remaining vigilant as not to ignore the possibility of close contact or sexual transmission of Monkeypox in a child, or the possibility of a new and more contagious variant. CONCLUSION It is difficult to differentiate Monkeypox infection from other infections associated with rashes, it is important to remember that viruses change as well as their forms of presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Riche
- Service d'Accueil des Urgences Pédiatriques, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, AMU, Marseille, France
| | - S Aherfi
- IHU, Vitrome, AP-HM, AMU, Marseille, France
| | - P Colson
- IHU, MEPHI, AP-HM, AMU, Marseille, France
| | - B La-Scola
- IHU, Vitrome, AP-HM, AMU, Marseille, France
| | - S Mallet
- Service de dermatologie, Hôpital Timone, AP-HM, AMU, Marseille, France
| | - P Minodier
- Service d'Accueil des Urgences Pédiatriques, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, AMU, Marseille, France
| | - C Zandotti
- Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), IHU Méditerranée infection, Service de virologie aigue et tropicale, Marseille, France
| | - L Luciani
- Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), IHU Méditerranée infection, Service de virologie aigue et tropicale, Marseille, France; Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE), Aix-Marseille Université, IRD 190-Inserm 1207, Marseille, France
| | - A Morand
- Service d'Accueil des Urgences Pédiatriques, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, AMU, Marseille, France; IHU, MEPHI, AP-HM, AMU, Marseille, France; Services d'Accueil des Urgences Pédiatriques, AP-HM, AMU, Marseille, France; Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Hôpital Timone Enfants, AP-HM, Marseille, France.
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Xiao F, Fu J, Huang X, Jia N, Sun C, Xu Z, Huang H, Zhou J, Wang Y. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification coupled with nanoparticle-based lateral flow biosensor for monkeypox virus detection. Talanta 2024; 269:125502. [PMID: 38070288 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection is currently an evolving public health concern, highlighting an urgent need for early and rapid detection of MPXV. Here, we present a diagnostic test called MPXV-LAMP-LFB, which combines loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and nanoparticle-based lateral flow biosensor (LFB) for the simple, sensitive and specific detection of MPXV and differentiation of its two clades. The MPXV-LAMP-LFB can be conducted at a heating block and the detection results can be visually indicated with the biosensor without any specialized apparatus. Two sets of LAMP primers targeting the D14L and ATI genes were designed for the Central and West African MPXV isolates, respectively. The optimal amplification condition was 64 °C for 40 min. Thus, the MPXV-LAMP-LFB test can be completed within 1 h, incorporating rapid DNA extraction (∼15 min), LAMP reaction (∼40 min) and result indicating (∼5 min). The MPXV-LAMP-LFB assay could detect down to 5 copies of plasmid template and 12.5 copies of pseudotyped virus in simulated blood samples. Furthermore, the MPXV-LAMP-LFB assay correctly identified all the positive controls and successfully avoided cross-reactivity with the non-MPXV pathogens or clinical samples, demonstrating its high specificity. Overall, the MPXV-LAMP-LFB test developed in this study showed great promise as a rapid, sensitive and accurate molecular tool for diagnosing MPXV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiao
- Experimental research center, Capital Institute of pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, PR China
| | - Jin Fu
- Experimental research center, Capital Institute of pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, PR China
| | - Xiaolan Huang
- Experimental research center, Capital Institute of pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, PR China
| | - Nan Jia
- Experimental research center, Capital Institute of pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, PR China
| | - Chunrong Sun
- Experimental research center, Capital Institute of pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, PR China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Experimental research center, Capital Institute of pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, PR China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 10020, PR China.
| | - Juan Zhou
- Experimental research center, Capital Institute of pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, PR China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Experimental research center, Capital Institute of pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, PR China.
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Resman Rus K, Zakotnik S, Sagadin M, Kolenc M, Skubic L, Knap N, Korva M, Poljak M, Avšič-Županc T. Review of virological methods for laboratory diagnosis and characterization of monkeypox virus (MPXV): lessons learned from the 2022 Mpox outbreak. Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Pannonica Adriat 2024; 33:23-35. [PMID: 38179904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV), originally endemic in West Africa (Clade II) and Central Africa (Clade I), has recently emerged worldwide and has reinforced the need for rapid and accurate MPXV diagnostics. This review presents and critically discusses the range of virological methods for laboratory diagnosis and characterization of MPXV as well as related lessons learned and practical experience gained from the 2022 Mpox global outbreak. Real-time PCR is currently considered the diagnostic gold standard and ensures accurate and timely confirmation of suspected Mpox cases based on suspicious skin lesions, and digital PCR improves the precision of MPXV DNA quantification. Whole genome sequencing reveals the diversity within the Clade IIb outbreak and highlights the role of microevolution in the adaptation of the virus to the human host. Continuous genomic surveillance is important for better understanding of human-to-human transmission and prevention of the emergence of variola virus-like strains. Traditional virological methods such as electron microscopy and virus isolation remain essential for comprehensive virus characterization, particularly in the context of vaccine and antiviral drug development. Despite the current challenges, serological tests detecting a range of anti-MPXV antibodies are important adjunct diagnostic and research tools for confirmation of late-presenting or asymptomatic MPXV cases, contact tracing, epidemiological studies, seroepidemiological surveys, and better understanding of the role of IgG and neutralizing antibodies in the immune response to infection and vaccination. A multidisciplinary approach combining advanced molecular techniques with traditional virological methods is important for rapid and reliable diagnosis, surveillance, and control of the outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Resman Rus
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Samo Zakotnik
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martin Sagadin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Kolenc
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lucijan Skubic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nataša Knap
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Misa Korva
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mario Poljak
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tatjana Avšič-Županc
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Djuicy DD, Sadeuh-Mba SA, Bilounga CN, Yonga MG, Tchatchueng-Mbougua JB, Essima GD, Esso L, Nguidjol IME, Metomb SF, Chebo C, Agwe SM, Ankone PA, Ngonla FNN, Mossi HM, Etoundi AGM, Eyangoh SI, Kazanji M, Njouom R. Concurrent Clade I and Clade II Monkeypox Virus Circulation, Cameroon, 1979-2022. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:432-443. [PMID: 38325363 PMCID: PMC10902553 DOI: 10.3201/eid3003.230861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
During 1979-2022, Cameroon recorded 32 laboratory-confirmed mpox cases among 137 suspected mpox cases identified by the national surveillance network. The highest positivity rate occurred in 2022, indicating potential mpox re-emergence in Cameroon. Both clade I (n = 12) and clade II (n = 18) monkeypox virus (MPXV) were reported, a unique feature of mpox in Cameroon. The overall case-fatality ratio of 2.2% was associated with clade II. We found mpox occurred only in the forested southern part of the country, and MPXV phylogeographic structure revealed a clear geographic separation among concurrent circulating clades. Clade I originated from eastern regions close to neighboring mpox-endemic countries in Central Africa; clade II was prevalent in western regions close to West Africa. Our findings suggest that MPXV re-emerged after a 30-year lapse and might arise from different viral reservoirs unique to ecosystems in eastern and western rainforests of Cameroon.
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Wang Y, Zhang J, Li M, Jia M, Yang L, Wang T, Wang Y, Kang L, Li M, Kong L. Transcriptome and proteomic analysis of mpox virus F3L-expressing cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1354410. [PMID: 38415010 PMCID: PMC10896956 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1354410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Monkeypox or mpox virus (mpox) is a double-stranded DNA virus that poses a significant threat to global public health security. The F3 protein, encoded by mpox, is an apoenzyme believed to possess a double-stranded RNA-binding domain (dsRBD). However, limited research has been conducted on its function. In this study, we present data on the transcriptomics and proteomics of F3L-transfected HEK293T cells, aiming to enhance our comprehension of F3L. Methods The gene expression profiles of pCAGGS-HA-F3L transfected HEK293T cells were analyzed using RNA-seq. Proteomics was used to identify and study proteins that interact with F3L. Real-time PCR was used to detect mRNA levels of several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HEK293T cells (or Vero cells) after the expression of F3 protein. Results A total of 14,822 genes were obtained in cells by RNA-Seq and 1,672 DEGs were identified, including 1,156 up-regulated genes and 516 down-regulated genes. A total of 27 cellular proteins interacting with F3 proteins were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and 19 cellular proteins with large differences in abundance ratios were considered to be candidate cellular proteins. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses showed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in immune-related pathways, including type I interferon signaling pathway, response to virus, RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, etc. Moreover, some selected DEGs were further confirmed by real-time PCR and the results were consistent with the transcriptome data. Proteomics data show that cellular proteins interacting with F3 proteins are mainly related to RNA splicing and protein translation. Conclusions Our analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic data showed that (1) F3L up-regulates the transcript levels of key genes in the innate immune signaling pathway, such as RIGI, MDA5, IRF5, IRF7, IRF9, ISG15, IFNA14, and elicits a broad spectrum of antiviral immune responses in the host. F3L also increases the expression of the FOS and JNK genes while decreasing the expression of TNFR2, these factors may ultimately induce apoptosis. (2) F3 protein interacts with host proteins involved in RNA splicing and protein translation, such as SNRNP70, POLR2H, HNRNPA1, DDX17, etc. The findings of this study shed light on the function of the F3 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Wang
- Institute of Pathogenic Microorganism, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Animal Virus and Genetic Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junzhe Zhang
- Institute of Pathogenic Microorganism, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Animal Virus and Genetic Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mingzhi Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Microorganism, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Animal Virus and Genetic Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mengle Jia
- Institute of Pathogenic Microorganism, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Animal Virus and Genetic Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lingdi Yang
- Institute of Pathogenic Microorganism, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Animal Virus and Genetic Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Institute of Pathogenic Microorganism, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Animal Virus and Genetic Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Pathogenic Microorganism, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Animal Virus and Genetic Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lumei Kang
- Institute of Pathogenic Microorganism, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Animal Virus and Genetic Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Meifeng Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Microorganism, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Animal Virus and Genetic Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lingbao Kong
- Institute of Pathogenic Microorganism, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Animal Virus and Genetic Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Wu C, A R, Ye S, Ye F, Huo W, Lu R, Tang Y, Yang J, Meng X, Tang Y, Chen S, Zhao L, Huang B, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Li D, Wang W, Shan KJ, Lu J, Tan W. Rapid identification of full-length genome and tracing variations of monkeypox virus in clinical specimens based on mNGS and amplicon sequencing. Virol Sin 2024; 39:134-143. [PMID: 38070873 PMCID: PMC10877412 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The monkeypox virus (MPXV) has triggered a current outbreak globally. Genome sequencing of MPXV and rapid tracing of genetic variants will benefit disease diagnosis and control. It is a significant challenge but necessary to optimize the strategy and application of rapid full-length genome identification and to track variations of MPXV in clinical specimens with low viral loads, as it is one of the DNA viruses with the largest genome and the most AT-biased, and has a significant number of tandem repeats. Here we evaluated the performance of metagenomic and amplicon sequencing techniques, and three sequencing platforms in MPXV genome sequencing based on multiple clinical specimens of five mpox cases in Chinese mainland. We rapidly identified the full-length genome of MPXV with the assembly of accurate tandem repeats in multiple clinical specimens. Amplicon sequencing enables cost-effective and rapid sequencing of clinical specimens to obtain high-quality MPXV genomes. Third-generation sequencing facilitates the assembly of the terminal tandem repeat regions in the monkeypox virus genome and corrects a common misassembly in published sequences. Besides, several intra-host single nucleotide variations were identified in the first imported mpox case. This study offers an evaluation of various strategies aimed at identifying the complete genome of MPXV in clinical specimens. The findings of this study will significantly enhance the surveillance of MPXV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcheng Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Ruhan A
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Sheng Ye
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory for High Pathogenic Microbes, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Fei Ye
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Weibang Huo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Roujian Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Yue Tang
- MGI, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | | | - Xuehong Meng
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory for High Pathogenic Microbes, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory for High Pathogenic Microbes, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Li Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Baoying Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Zhongxian Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China; School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014030, China
| | - Yuda Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China; School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014030, China
| | - Dongfang Li
- BGI PathoGenesis Pharmaceutical Technology, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Wenling Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Ke-Jia Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Wenjie Tan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China; School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014030, China.
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22
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Harris E. More Virulent Mpox Clade Can Be Sexually Associated, WHO and CDC Warn. JAMA 2024; 331:280. [PMID: 38170564 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.26109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
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23
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Wang Y, Tang Y, Chen Y, Yu G, Zhang X, Yang L, Zhao C, Wang P, Gao S. Ultrasensitive one-pot detection of monkeypox virus with RPA and CRISPR in a sucrose-aided multiphase aqueous system. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0226723. [PMID: 38078721 PMCID: PMC10782985 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02267-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The monkeypox virus was declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) by the World Health Organization (WHO) and continues to cause infection cases worldwide. Given the risk of virus evolution, it is essential to identify monkeypox virus infection in a timely manner to prevent outbreaks. This study establishes a novel one-pot recombinase polymerase amplification-Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (RPA-CRISPR) assay for monkeypox virus with an ultra-high sensitivity. The assay shows good specificity, accuracy, and the rapidness and convenience important for point-of-care testing. It provides an effective tool for the early diagnosis of monkeypox, which is useful for the prevention of an epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yixin Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yukang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Guangxi Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Lihong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Chenjie Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Pei Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
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Isabel S, Eshaghi A, Duvvuri VR, Gubbay JB, Cronin K, Li A, Hasso M, Clark ST, Hopkins JP, Patel SN, Braukmann TWA. Targeted amplification-based whole genome sequencing of Monkeypox virus in clinical specimens. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0297923. [PMID: 38047694 PMCID: PMC10783113 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02979-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE We present a protocol to efficiently sequence genomes of the MPXV-causing mpox. This enables researchers and public health agencies to acquire high-quality genomic data using a rapid and cost-effective approach. Genomic data can be used to conduct surveillance and investigate mpox outbreaks. We present 91 mpox genomes that show the diversity of the 2022 mpox outbreak in Ontario, Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Isabel
- Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A. Eshaghi
- Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - V. R. Duvvuri
- Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J. B. Gubbay
- Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K. Cronin
- Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aimin Li
- Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M. Hasso
- Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S. T. Clark
- Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J. P. Hopkins
- Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - S. N. Patel
- Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T. W. A. Braukmann
- Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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25
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Viswanathan K, Mansmann KM, Workowski K, Guarner J, Heiman KM, Lubin DJ. Monkeypox virus cytologic findings: An institutional experience with an emerging threat. Am J Clin Pathol 2024; 161:9-15. [PMID: 37565756 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqad102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mpox is a viral disease caused by monkeypox, a highly contagious orthopoxvirus that resulted in a global outbreak beginning in spring 2022. Diagnosis is confirmed via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of swabs from mucocutaneous lesions. Rare reports have documented the histologic changes of mpox lesions, but the cytologic features have not been described. We present the cytology findings of samples taken from swabs of mucocutaneous mpox lesions in 3 different patients. METHODS The patients were all male, aged 55, 43, and 37 years, all with mpox confirmed by PCR testing. Swabs from chest (cases 1 and 2) and tongue (case 3) lesions were directly sampled and submitted in Aptima (case 1) or PreservCyt solution (cases 2 and 3). Liquid-based preps were prepared and stained using the Papanicolaou method. Specimens were assessed for viral cytopathic changes. RESULTS All cases showed nuclear cytopathic changes (enlarged nuclei with open chromatin and prominent red nucleoli), 2 cases demonstrated multinucleated keratinocytes, and 1 case showed potential Guarnieri bodies. The chromatin margination and nuclear molding typical of herpesviruses was not appreciated. CONCLUSIONS The cytopathic changes of monkeypox are not specific, but their recognition could prompt appropriate PCR testing. Monkeypox shows distinct cytologic changes compared with herpesviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katrina M Mansmann
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, US
| | - Kimberly Workowski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, US
| | | | | | - Daniel J Lubin
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, US
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26
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Li Y, Zhu J, Guo Y, Yan R. Structural insight into the assembly and working mechanism of helicase-primase D5 from Mpox virus. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024; 31:68-81. [PMID: 38177671 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-023-01142-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The Mpox pandemic, caused by the Mpox virus (or monkeypox virus, MPXV), has gained global attention. The D5 protein, a putative helicase-primase found in MPXV, plays a vital role in viral replication and genome uncoating. Here we determined multiple cryo-EM structures of full-length hexameric D5 in diverse states. These states were captured during ATP hydrolysis while moving along the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) track. Through comprehensive structural analysis combined with the helicase activity system, we revealed that when the primase domain is truncated or the interaction between the primase and helicase domains is disrupted, the double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) unwinds into ssDNA, suggesting a critical regulatory role of the primase domain. Two transition states bound with ssDNA substrate during unwinding reveals that two ATP molecules were consumed to drive DNA moving forward two nucleotides. Collectively, our findings shed light on the molecular mechanism that links ATP hydrolysis to the DNA unwinding in poxviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Li
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Institute for Biological Electron Microscopy, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Institute for Biological Electron Microscopy, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingying Guo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Institute for Biological Electron Microscopy, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Renhong Yan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Institute for Biological Electron Microscopy, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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27
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Kibungu EM, Vakaniaki EH, Kinganda-Lusamaki E, Kalonji-Mukendi T, Pukuta E, Hoff NA, Bogoch II, Cevik M, Gonsalves GS, Hensley LE, Low N, Shaw SY, Schillberg E, Hunter M, Lunyanga L, Linsuke S, Madinga J, Peeters M, Cigolo JCM, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Muyembe JJ, Rimoin AW, Kindrachuk J, Mbala-Kingebeni P, Lushima RS. Clade I-Associated Mpox Cases Associated with Sexual Contact, the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:172-176. [PMID: 38019211 PMCID: PMC10756366 DOI: 10.3201/eid3001.231164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a cluster of clade I monkeypox virus infections linked to sexual contact in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Case investigations resulted in 5 reverse transcription PCR-confirmed infections; genome sequencing suggest they belonged to the same transmission chain. This finding demonstrates that mpox transmission through sexual contact extends beyond clade IIb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile M. Kibungu
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Emmanuel H. Vakaniaki
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Eddy Kinganda-Lusamaki
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Thierry Kalonji-Mukendi
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Elisabeth Pukuta
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Nicole A. Hoff
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Isaac I. Bogoch
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Muge Cevik
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Gregg S. Gonsalves
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Lisa E. Hensley
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Nicola Low
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Souradet Y. Shaw
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Erin Schillberg
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Mikayla Hunter
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Lygie Lunyanga
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Sylvie Linsuke
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Joule Madinga
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Martine Peeters
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Jean-Claude Makangara Cigolo
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Steve Ahuka-Mundeke
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Jean-Jacques Muyembe
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | | | | | | | | | - International Mpox Research Consortium
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
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Wetsch WA, Heger E, Drinhaus H, Böttiger BW, Overbeek R, Lehmann C, Fätkenheuer G, Jung N, Fischer J, Kneifel J, Zweigner J, Klein F, Wieland U. Lack of monkeypox virus (MPXV) transmission despite occupational exposure of a large number of health care workers. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29353. [PMID: 38178611 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang A Wetsch
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Heger
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hendrik Drinhaus
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernd W Böttiger
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Remco Overbeek
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clara Lehmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, German Center for Infection Research Partner Side Köln-Bonn, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, German Center for Infection Research Partner Side Köln-Bonn, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Norma Jung
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, German Center for Infection Research Partner Side Köln-Bonn, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julia Fischer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, German Center for Infection Research Partner Side Köln-Bonn, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Kneifel
- Department of Hospital Hygiene and Infection Control, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janine Zweigner
- Department of Hospital Hygiene and Infection Control, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Klein
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ulrike Wieland
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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29
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Mrosik S, Rasokat H, Fabri M, Bopp L. [Human monkeypox (Mpox)]. Dermatologie (Heidelb) 2024; 75:40-47. [PMID: 38063873 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-023-05268-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Until recently, human monkeypox (Mpox) were rarely observed outside of Africa, where the Mpox virus (MPXV) is endemic in some regions. In early May 2022, a global Mpox outbreak occurred. Crucial to this outbreak was human-to-human transmission during sexual activity. In particular, young men who have sex with men (MSM) became ill. In July 2022, this Mpox epidemic was declared a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization. As of 26 September 2023, 90,618 confirmed cases of Mpox have been reported worldwide, with Germany accounting for around 3700 cases. The strongest increase in incidence occurred from May to mid-August 2022; since then, the number of cases has declined significantly as a result of intensive prevention efforts (education, vaccination). Currently, there are only sporadic, smaller outbreaks-in Germany (Berlin) most recently in August 2023. Despite the current calm epidemiological situation worldwide, isolated cases must therefore still be expected in Germany. The clinical picture of the "new" clade IIb-associated Mpox variant, which is mostly transmitted sexually from person to person, differs markedly from that of the "classical" Mpox (clades I and IIa), which, apart from rapidly breaking human infection chains, essentially occur as a zoonosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Mrosik
- Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Universität zu Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Heinrich Rasokat
- Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Universität zu Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Mario Fabri
- Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Universität zu Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Luisa Bopp
- Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Universität zu Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Köln, Deutschland.
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Yu Z, Zou X, Deng Z, Zhao M, Gu C, Fu L, Xiao W, He M, He L, Yang Q, Liang S, Wen C, Lü M. Genome analysis of the mpox (formerly monkeypox) virus and characterization of core/variable regions. Genomics 2024; 116:110763. [PMID: 38110129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Since smallpox was eradicated in 1980, the monkeypox virus (MPXV) has emerged as the most threatening orthopoxvirus in the world. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the currently published complete genome sequences of the monkeypox virus. The core/variable regions were identified through core-pan analysis of MPXV. Besides single-nucleotide polymorphisms, our study also revealed that specific genes, multi-copy genes, repeat sequences, and recombination fragments are primarily distributed in the variable region. This result suggests that variable regions are not only more susceptible to single-base mutations, but also to events such as gene loss or gain, as well as recombination. Taken together, our results demonstrate the genomic characteristics of the core/variable regions of MPXV, and contribute to our understanding of the evolution of MPXV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China; Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China; Scholl of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China; Suining First People's Hospital, Suining, PR China
| | - Zhaobin Deng
- Department of Medicine and Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Mingde Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China; Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Congwei Gu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China; Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Lu Fu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Wudian Xiao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China; Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Manli He
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China; Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Lvqin He
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China; Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Qian Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China; Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Sicheng Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China; Human Microecology and Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Chengli Wen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China.
| | - Muhan Lü
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China; Human Microecology and Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, PR China.
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31
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Wang DP, Zhao R, Wang HF, Wang MY, Hu WS, Lin MM, Shu W, Sun YJ, Cao JM, Cui W, Zhou X. Crystal structure of mRNA cap (guanine-N7) methyltransferase E12 subunit from monkeypox virus and discovery of its inhibitors. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127565. [PMID: 37866584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
In July 2022, the World Health Organization announced monkeypox as a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC), and over 85,000 global cases have been reported currently. However, preventive and therapeutic treatments for the monkeypox virus (MPXV) remain limited. MPXV mRNA cap N7 methyltransferase (MTase) is composed of two subunits (E1 C-terminal domain (E1CTD) and E12) which are essential for the replication of MPXV. Here, we solved a 2.16 Å crystal structure of E12. We also docked the D1CTD of the vaccinia virus (VACV) corresponding to the E1CTD in MPXV with E12 and found critical residues at their interface. These residues were further used for drug screening. After virtual screening, the top 347 compounds were screened out and a list of top 20 potential MPXV E12 inhibitors were discovered, including Rutin, Quercitrin, Epigallocatechin, Rosuvastatin, 5-hydroxy-L-Tryptophan, and Deferasirox, etc., which were potential E12 inhibitors. Taking the advantage of the previously unrecognized special structure of MPXV MTase composing of E1CTD and E12 heterodimer, we screened for inhibitors targeting MTase for the first time based on the interface between the heterodimer of MPXV MTase. Our study may provide insights into the development of anti-MPXV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hao-Feng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mei-Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wen-Shu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Meng-Meng Lin
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Shu
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yao-Jun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ji-Min Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Wen Cui
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
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Wang X, Rao Q, Lu Z, Deng X, Shen R, Wang R, Dong W, Qi X, Jin Z, Tang Y, Du D. Rapid and sensitive Cas13a/Cas12a-based one-pot dual-target strategy to detect monkeypox virus and its co-infected viruses. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:3142-3148. [PMID: 37989676 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cacner Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qiao Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cacner Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhengrong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cacner Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiaobao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cacner Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Rong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cacner Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Weiyi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cacner Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xianhua Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cacner Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhen Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Youzhi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Dan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Cacner Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Parigger L, Krassnigg A, Grabuschnig S, Gruber K, Steinkellner G, Gruber CC. AI-assisted structural consensus-proteome prediction of human monkeypox viruses isolated within a year after the 2022 multi-country outbreak. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0231523. [PMID: 37874150 PMCID: PMC10714838 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02315-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The 2022 outbreak of the monkeypox virus already involves, by April 2023, 110 countries with 86,956 confirmed cases and 119 deaths. Understanding an emerging disease on a molecular level is essential to study infection processes and eventually guide drug discovery at an early stage. To support this, we provide the so far most comprehensive structural proteome of the monkeypox virus, which includes 210 structural models, each computed with three state-of-the-art structure prediction methods. Instead of building on a single-genome sequence, we generated our models from a consensus of 3,713 high-quality genome sequences sampled from patients within 1 year of the outbreak. Therefore, we present an average structural proteome of the currently isolated viruses, including mutational analyses with a special focus on drug-binding sites. Continuing dynamic mutation monitoring within the structural proteome presented here is essential to timely predict possible physiological changes in the evolving virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Parigger
- Innophore, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Karl Gruber
- Innophore, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Georg Steinkellner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Innophore, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Christian C. Gruber
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Innophore, San Francisco, California, USA
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Yu J, Zhang X, Liu J, Xiang L, Huang S, Xie X, Fang L, Lin Y, Zhang M, Wang L, He J, Zhang B, Di B, Peng B, Liang J, Shen C, Zhao W, Li B. Phylogeny and molecular evolution of the first local monkeypox virus cluster in Guangdong Province, China. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8241. [PMID: 38086870 PMCID: PMC10716143 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44092-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The first local mpox outbreak in Guangdong Province, China occurred in June 2023. However, epidemiological data have failed to quickly identify the source and transmission of the outbreak. Here, phylogeny and molecular evolution of 10 monkeypox virus (MPXV) genome sequences from the Guangdong outbreak were characterized, revealing local silent transmissions that may have occurred in Guangdong whose mpox outbreaks suggested a molecular epidemiological correlation with Portugal and several regions of China during the same period. The lineage IIb C.1, which includes all 10 MPXV from Guangdong, shows consistent temporal continuity in both phylogenetic characteristics and unique molecular evolutionary mutation spectrum, reflected in the continuous increase of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and shared mutations over time. Compared with the Japan MPXV, the Guangdong MPXV showed higher genomic nucleotide differences and separated 14 shared mutations from the B.1 lineage, comprising 6 non-synonymous mutations in genes linked to host regulation, virus infection, and virus life cycle. The unique mutation spectrum with temporal continuity in IIb C.1, related to apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing catalytic polypeptide-like 3, promotes rapid viral evolution and diversification. The findings contribute to understanding the ongoing mpox outbreak in China and offer insights for developing joint prevention and control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhai Yu
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No. 1023, South Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, No. 160 Qunxian Road, Dashi Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511430, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, No. 160 Qunxian Road, Dashi Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511430, China
| | - Jiajun Liu
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, No. 160 Qunxian Road, Dashi Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511430, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, No. 160 Qunxian Road, Dashi Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511430, China
| | - Linlin Xiang
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No. 1023, South Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Shen Huang
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, No. 160 Qunxian Road, Dashi Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511430, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, No. 160 Qunxian Road, Dashi Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511430, China
| | - Xiaoting Xie
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No. 1023, South Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Ling Fang
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, No. 160 Qunxian Road, Dashi Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511430, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, No. 160 Qunxian Road, Dashi Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511430, China
| | - Yifan Lin
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No. 1023, South Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, No. 160 Qunxian Road, Dashi Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511430, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, No. 160 Qunxian Road, Dashi Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511430, China
| | - Linqing Wang
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No. 1023, South Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Jianfeng He
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, No. 160 Qunxian Road, Dashi Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511430, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, No. 160 Qunxian Road, Dashi Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511430, China
| | - Bao Zhang
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No. 1023, South Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Biao Di
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1 Qide Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510440, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 8 Longyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Jingtao Liang
- Foshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3 Yingyin Road, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, 528010, China
| | - Chenguang Shen
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No. 1023, South Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No. 1023, South Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China.
| | - Baisheng Li
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, No. 160 Qunxian Road, Dashi Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511430, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, No. 160 Qunxian Road, Dashi Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511430, China.
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Gómez-Sánchez I, Castelán-Sánchez HG, Martínez-Castilla LP, Hurtado-Ramírez JM, López-Leal G. Genetic insights into the microevolutionary dynamics and early introductions of human monkeypox virus in Mexico. Arch Virol 2023; 169:2. [PMID: 38070010 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The recent global outbreak of mpox, caused by monkeypox virus (MPV) emerged in Europe in 2022 and rapidly spread to over 40 countries. The Americas are currently facing the highest impact, reporting over 50,000 cases by early 2023. In this study, we analyzed 880 MPV isolates worldwide to gain insights into the evolutionary patterns and initial introduction events of the virus in Mexico. We found that MPV entered Mexico on multiple occasions, from the United Kingdom, Portugal, and Canada, and subsequently spread locally in different regions of Mexico. Additionally, we show that MPV has an open pangenome, highlighting the role of gene turnover in shaping its genomic diversity, rather than single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which do not contribute significantly to genome diversity. Although the genome contains multiple SNPs in coding regions, these remain under purifying selection, suggesting their evolutionary conservation. One notable exception is amino acid position 63 of the protein encoded by the Cop-A4L gene, which is intricately related to viral maturity, which we found to be under strong positive selection. Ancestral state reconstruction indicated that the ancestral state at position 63 corresponds to the amino acid valine, which is present only in isolates of clade I. However, the isolates from the current outbreak contained threonine at position 63. Our findings contribute new information about the evolution of monkeypox virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Gómez-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Biología Computacional y Virómica Integrativa, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Hugo G Castelán-Sánchez
- Grupo de Genómica y Dinámica Evolutiva de Microorganismos EmergentesPrograma de Investigadoras e Investigadores por México, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - León P Martínez-Castilla
- Grupo de Genómica y Dinámica Evolutiva de Microorganismos EmergentesPrograma de Investigadoras e Investigadores por México, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Gamaliel López-Leal
- Laboratorio de Biología Computacional y Virómica Integrativa, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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Cohen J. Deadliest mpox outbreak ever sparks a new worry. Science 2023; 382:1100-1101. [PMID: 38060653 DOI: 10.1126/science.adn3527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Congo cases suggest viral strain there is spreading sexually, like less lethal one that triggered last year's global outbreak.
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Wang X, Ma L, Li N, Gao N. Structural insights into the assembly and mechanism of mpox virus DNA polymerase complex F8-A22-E4-H5. Mol Cell 2023; 83:4398-4412.e4. [PMID: 37995690 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The DNA replication of mpox virus is performed by the viral polymerase F8 and also requires other viral factors, including processivity factor A22, uracil DNA glycosylase E4, and phosphoprotein H5. However, the molecular roles of these viral factors remain unclear. Here, we characterize the structures of F8-A22-E4 and F8-A22-E4-H5 complexes in the presence of different primer-template DNA substrates. E4 is located upstream of F8 on the template single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and is catalytically active, highlighting a functional coupling between DNA base-excision repair and DNA synthesis. Moreover, H5, in the form of tetramer, binds to the double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) region downstream of F8 in a similar position as PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) does in eukaryotic polymerase complexes. Omission of H5 or disruption of its DNA interaction showed a reduced synthesis of full-length DNA products. These structures provide snapshots for the working cycle of the polymerase and generate insights into the mechanisms of these essential factors in viral DNA replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Liangwen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ningning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Ning Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China; National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Okwor T, Mbala PK, Evans DH, Kindrachuk J. A contemporary review of clade-specific virological differences in monkeypox viruses. Clin Microbiol Infect 2023; 29:1502-1507. [PMID: 37507009 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is an emerging zoonotic virus that has had on-going public health impacts in endemic regions of Central and West Africa for over a half-century. Historically, the MPXV clade endemic in regions of Central Africa is associated with higher morbidity and mortality as compared with the clade endemic in West Africa. OBJECTIVES Here, we review the virological characteristics of MPXV and discuss potential relationships between virulence factors and clade- (and subclade-) specific differences in virulence and transmission patterns. SOURCES Targeted search was conducted in PubMed using ((monkeypox virus) OR (Orthopoxvirus)) AND (zoonosis)) OR ((monkeypox) OR (human mpox). CONTENT Forty-seven references were considered that included three publicly available data reports and/or press releases, one book chapter, and 44 published manuscripts. IMPLICATIONS Although zoonosis has been historically linked to emergence events in humans, epidemiological analyses of more recent outbreaks have identified increasing frequencies of human-to-human transmission. Furthermore, viral transmission during the 2022 global human mpox outbreak, caused by a recently identified MPXV subclade, has relied exclusively on human-to-human contact with no known zoonotic link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tochi Okwor
- Department of Planning, Research & Statistics, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Placide K Mbala
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - David H Evans
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology and Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jason Kindrachuk
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Bartáčková J, Kouba V, Dostálková A, Čermáková E, Lopez Marin MA, Chmel M, Milanová M, Demnerová K, Rumlová M, Sýkora P, Bartáček J, Zdeňková K. Monitoring of monkeypox viral DNA in Prague wastewater. Sci Total Environ 2023; 902:166110. [PMID: 37567313 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (Mpxv) is a dsDNA virus that has become a global concern for human health in 2022. As both infected people and non-human hosts can shed the virus from their skin, faeces, urine and other body fluids, and the resulting sewage contains viral load representative of the whole population, it is highly promising to detect the spread of monkeypox virus in municipal wastewater. We established a methodology for sewage-based monitoring of Mpxv in Prague and analysed samples (n = 24) already early August-October of 2022 in a municipality with 1.4 million inhabitants that only reported 29 cumulative cases in this period. We isolated Mpxv DNA with the Wizard Enviro Total Nucleic Acid Kit, and thereafter detected Mpxv DNA using the EliGene® Monkeypox RT-PCR Kit. Prague wastewater was positive for Mpxv (in total 9 positive samples in periods with 1-9 new cases per week, coinciding with a weekly incidence of 0.07-0.64 per 100,000 inhabitants. The method for confirmation of wastewater positivity via semi-nested PCR and Sanger sequencing was successfully confirmed on positive controls including Mpxv particles and Mpxv-positive wastewater from the Netherlands. However, for Prague wastewater samples, amplification of Mpxv DNA via semi-semi-nested PCR was unsuccessful. This was probably due to extremely low case count, leading to the amplification of non-target bacterial DNA. Compared to other studies with much higher Mpxv prevalence, we show the outstanding sensitivity of our approach for monitoring the spread of monkeypox using wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Bartáčková
- Department of Water Technology and Environmental Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Czechia
| | - Vojtěch Kouba
- Department of Water Technology and Environmental Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Czechia.
| | - Alžběta Dostálková
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Czechia
| | - Eliška Čermáková
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Czechia
| | - Marco A Lopez Marin
- Department of Water Technology and Environmental Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Czechia
| | - Martin Chmel
- Military Health Institute, Military Medical Agency, Czechia; Department of Infectious Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Military University Hospital Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marcela Milanová
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Demnerová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Czechia
| | - Michaela Rumlová
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Sýkora
- Prazske vodovody a kanalizace, a.s., Czechia
| | - Jan Bartáček
- Department of Water Technology and Environmental Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Czechia
| | - Kamila Zdeňková
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Czechia
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Sklenovská N, Bloemen M, Vergote V, Logist AS, Vanmechelen B, Laenen L, André E, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Wollants E, Van Ranst M, Maes P, Wawina-Bokalanga T. Design and validation of a laboratory-developed diagnostic assay for monkeypox virus. Virus Genes 2023; 59:795-800. [PMID: 37589804 PMCID: PMC10667130 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-023-02024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Mpox is a viral zoonosis with endemic circulation in animals and humans in some West and Central African countries. The disease was imported a few times in the past to countries outside the African continent through infected animals or travelers, one of which resulted in an unprecedented global outbreak sustained by human-to-human transmission in 2022. Although timely and reliable diagnosis is a cornerstone of any disease control, availability of accurate diagnostic assays and comparative performance studies of diagnostic assays remains limited despite of the long-known identification of monkeypox virus (MPXV) as a human pathogen since 1970. We laboratory-developed a real-time PCR test (LDT) and evaluated its performance against the commercial TaqMan™ Monkeypox Virus Microbe Detection Assay (Applied Biosystems, Cat A50137). The limit of detection of the LDT was established at 1.2 genome copies/ml. The sensitivity and specificity of both assays were 99.14% and 100%, respectively, and both are capable of detecting both clade I and clade II of MPXV. Our results demonstrate the validity and accuracy of the LDT for confirmation of MPXV infection from lesion swabs samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Sklenovská
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Mandy Bloemen
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Valentijn Vergote
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne-Sophie Logist
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bert Vanmechelen
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lies Laenen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, UZ Leuven University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel André
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, UZ Leuven University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Elke Wollants
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Van Ranst
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, UZ Leuven University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Piet Maes
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tony Wawina-Bokalanga
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Patiño LH, Guerra S, Muñoz M, Luna N, Farrugia K, van de Guchte A, Khalil Z, Gonzalez-Reiche AS, Hernandez MM, Banu R, Shrestha P, Liggayu B, Firpo Betancourt A, Reich D, Cordon-Cardo C, Albrecht R, Pearl R, Simon V, Rooker A, Sordillo EM, van Bakel H, García-Sastre A, Bogunovic D, Palacios G, Paniz Mondolfi A, Ramírez JD. Phylogenetic landscape of Monkeypox Virus (MPV) during the early outbreak in New York City, 2022. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:e2192830. [PMID: 36927408 PMCID: PMC10114986 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2192830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Monkeypox (MPOX) is a zoonotic disease endemic to regions of Central/Western Africa. The geographic endemicity of MPV has expanded, broadening the human-monkeypox virus interface and its potential for spillover. Since May 2022, a large multi-country MPV outbreak with no proven links to endemic countries has originated in Europe and has rapidly expanded around the globe, setting off genomic surveillance efforts. Here, we conducted a genomic analysis of 23 MPV-infected patients from New York City during the early outbreak, assessing the phylogenetic relationship of these strains against publicly available MPV genomes. Additionally, we compared the genomic sequences of clinical isolates versus culture-passaged samples from a subset of samples. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that MPV genomes included in this study cluster within the B.1 lineage (Clade IIb), with some of the samples displaying further differentiation into five different sub-lineages of B.1. Mutational analysis revealed 55 non-synonymous polymorphisms throughout the genome, with some of these mutations located in critical regions required for viral multiplication, structural and assembly functions, as well as the target region for antiviral treatment. In addition, we identified a large majority of polymorphisms associated with GA > AA and TC > TT nucleotide replacements, suggesting the action of human APOBEC3 enzyme. A comparison between clinical isolates and cell culture-passaged samples failed to reveal any difference. Our results provide a first glance at the mutational landscape of early MPV-2022 (B.1) circulating strains in NYC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz H. Patiño
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susana Guerra
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Muñoz
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nicolas Luna
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Keith Farrugia
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adriana van de Guchte
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zain Khalil
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Matthew M. Hernandez
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Radhika Banu
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paras Shrestha
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernadette Liggayu
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adolfo Firpo Betancourt
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Reich
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Randy Albrecht
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca Pearl
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Viviana Simon
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aria Rooker
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emilia Mia Sordillo
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harm van Bakel
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dusan Bogunovic
- Department of Microbiology, Centre for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gustavo Palacios
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alberto Paniz Mondolfi
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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42
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Li Z, Sinha A, Zhang Y, Tanner N, Cheng HT, Premsrirut P, Carlow CKS. Extraction-free LAMP assays for generic detection of Old World Orthopoxviruses and specific detection of Mpox virus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21093. [PMID: 38036581 PMCID: PMC10689478 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48391-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mpox is a neglected zoonotic disease endemic in West and Central Africa. The Mpox outbreak with more than 90,000 cases worldwide since 2022 generated great concern about future outbreaks and highlighted the need for a simple and rapid diagnostic test. The Mpox virus, MPV, is a member of the Orthopoxvirus (OPV) genus that also contains other pathogenic viruses including variola virus, vaccinia virus, camelpox virus, and cowpox virus. Phylogenomic analysis of 200 OPV genomes identified 10 distinct phylogroups with the New World OPVs placed on a very long branch distant from the Old World OPVs. Isolates derived from infected humans were found to be distributed across multiple phylogroups interspersed with isolates from animal sources, indicating the zoonotic potential of these viruses. In this study, we developed a simple and sensitive colorimetric LAMP assay for generic detection of Old World OPVs. We also developed an MPV-specific probe that differentiates MPV from other OPVs in the N1R LAMP assay. In addition, we described an extraction-free protocol for use directly with swab eluates in LAMP assays, thereby eliminating the time and resources needed to extract DNA from the sample. Our direct LAMP assays are well-suited for low-resource settings and provide a valuable tool for rapid and scalable diagnosis and surveillance of OPVs and MPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiru Li
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Division, New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA.
| | - Amit Sinha
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Division, New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA
| | - Yinhua Zhang
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Division, New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA
| | - Nathan Tanner
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Division, New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA
| | | | | | - Clotilde K S Carlow
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Division, New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA
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Song K, Brochu HN, Zhang Q, Williams JD, Iyer LK. An In Silico Analysis of PCR-Based Monkeypox Virus Detection Assays: A Case Study for Ongoing Clinical Surveillance. Viruses 2023; 15:2327. [PMID: 38140568 PMCID: PMC10747849 DOI: 10.3390/v15122327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2022 global Mpox outbreak swiftly introduced unforeseen diversity in the monkeypox virus (MPXV) population, resulting in numerous Clade IIb sublineages. This propagation of new MPXV mutations warrants the thorough re-investigation of previously recommended or validated primers designed to target MPXV genomes. In this study, we explored 18 PCR primer sets and examined their binding specificity against 5210 MPXV genomes, representing all the established MPXV lineages. Our results indicated that only five primer sets resulted in almost all perfect matches against the targeted MPXV lineages, and the remaining primer sets all contained 1-2 mismatches against almost all the MPXV lineages. We further investigated the mismatched primer-genome pairs and discovered that some of the primers overlapped with poorly sequenced and assembled regions of the MPXV genomes, which are consistent across multiple lineages. However, we identified 173 99% genome-wide conserved regions across all 5210 MPXV genomes, representing 30 lineages/clades with at least 80% lineage-specific consensus for future primer development and primer binding evaluation. This exercise is crucial to ensure that the current detection schemes are robust and serve as a framework for primer evaluation in clinical testing development for other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuncheng Song
- Center of Excellence for Bioinformatics, Data Science and AI, Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (Labcorp), Burlington, NC 27215, USA; (K.S.); (H.N.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Hayden N. Brochu
- Center of Excellence for Bioinformatics, Data Science and AI, Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (Labcorp), Burlington, NC 27215, USA; (K.S.); (H.N.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qimin Zhang
- Center of Excellence for Bioinformatics, Data Science and AI, Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (Labcorp), Burlington, NC 27215, USA; (K.S.); (H.N.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Jonathan D. Williams
- Labcorp Research and Development, Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (Labcorp), Burlington, NC 27215, USA;
| | - Lakshmanan K. Iyer
- Center of Excellence for Bioinformatics, Data Science and AI, Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (Labcorp), Burlington, NC 27215, USA; (K.S.); (H.N.B.); (Q.Z.)
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Gulinaizhaer A, Yang C, Zou M, Ma S, Fan X, Wu G. Detection of monkeypox virus using helicase dependent amplification and recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow test. Virol J 2023; 20:274. [PMID: 37996921 PMCID: PMC10668421 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02223-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a zoonotic DNA virus that belongs to the poxvirus family. Conventional laboratory methods for detecting MPXV are complex and expensive, making them unsuitable for detecting the virus in regions with limited resources. In this study, we using the Helicase dependent amplification (HDA) method and the Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technique in combination with the lateral flow test (LFT), together with a self-designed qPCR technique for the detection of the MPXV specific conserved fragment F3L, to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the three assays. By analyzing the sensitivity detection results using Probit, it can be seen that the limit of detection (LOD) of the HDA-LFT detection target is 9.86 copies/µL (95% confidence interval, CI 7.52 copies/µL lower bound), the RPA-LFT detection target is 6.97 copies/µL (95% CI 3.90 copies/µL lower bound), and the qPCR detection target is 479.24 copies/mL (95% CI 273.81 copies/mL lower bound). The specificity test results showed that the specificity of the three methods mentioned above was higher than 90% in detecting pseudoviruses of the same genus of MPXV. The simple, highly sensitive, and specific MPXV assay developed in this study is anticipated to provide a solid foundation for future applications in the early screening, diagnosis, and evaluation of the efficacy of MPXV. This is the first time the HDA-LFT assay has been utilized to detect MPXV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abudushalamu Gulinaizhaer
- Zhongda Hospital, Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuankun Yang
- Zhongda Hospital, Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyuan Zou
- Zhongda Hospital, Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Ma
- Zhongda Hospital, Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Fan
- Zhongda Hospital, Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
- Diagnostics Department, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoqiu Wu
- Zhongda Hospital, Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
- Diagnostics Department, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Zhu J, Yu J, Qin H, Chen X, Wu C, Hong X, Zhang Y, Zhang Z. Exploring the key genomic variation in monkeypox virus during the 2022 outbreak. BMC Genom Data 2023; 24:67. [PMID: 37968621 PMCID: PMC10652487 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-023-01171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2022, a global outbreak of monkeypox occurred with a significant shift in its epidemiological characteristics. The monkeypox virus (MPXV) belongs to the B.1 lineage, and its genomic variations that were linked to the outbreak were investigated in this study. Previous studies have suggested that viral genomic variation plays a crucial role in the pathogenicity and transmissibility of viruses. Therefore, understanding the genomic variation of MPXV is crucial for controlling future outbreaks. METHODS This study employed bioinformatics and phylogenetic approaches to evaluate the key genomic variation in the B.1 lineage of MPXV. A total of 979 MPXV strains were screened, and 212 representative strains were analyzed to identify specific substitutions in the viral genome. Reference sequences were constructed for each of the 10 lineages based on the most common nucleotide at each site. A total of 49 substitutions were identified, with 23 non-synonymous substitutions. Class I variants, which had significant effects on protein conformation likely to affect viral characteristics, were classified among the non-synonymous substitutions. RESULTS The phylogenetic analysis revealed 10 relatively monophyletic branches. The study identified 49 substitutions specific to the B.1 lineage, with 23 non-synonymous substitutions that were classified into Class I, II, and III variants. The Class I variants were likely responsible for the observed changes in the characteristics of circulating MPXV in 2022. These key mutations, particularly Class I variants, played a crucial role in the pathogenicity and transmissibility of MPXV. CONCLUSION This study provides an understanding of the genomic variation of MPXV in the B.1 lineage linked to the recent outbreak of monkeypox. The identification of key mutations, particularly Class I variants, sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed changes in the characteristics of circulating MPXV. Further studies can focus on functional domains affected by these mutations, enabling the development of effective control strategies against future monkeypox outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Institute of Clinical Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Institute of Clinical Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Hao Qin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Xinlei Chen
- Institute of Clinical Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Chuanchang Wu
- Institute of Clinical Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaodan Hong
- Institute of Clinical Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Yafei Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
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Garrigues JM, Hemarajata P, Espinosa A, Hacker JK, Wynn NT, Smith TG, Gigante CM, Davidson W, Vega J, Edmondson H, Karan A, Marutani AN, Kim M, Terashita D, Balter SE, Hutson CL, Green NM. Community spread of a human monkeypox virus variant with a tecovirimat resistance-associated mutation. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0097223. [PMID: 37823631 PMCID: PMC10649028 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00972-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peera Hemarajata
- Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Downey, California, USA
| | - Alex Espinosa
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA
| | - Jill K. Hacker
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA
| | - Nhien T. Wynn
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Todd G. Smith
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Whitni Davidson
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jonte Vega
- Ventura County Public Health, Oxnard, California, USA
| | | | - Abraar Karan
- Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Downey, California, USA
- Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Amy N. Marutani
- Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Downey, California, USA
| | - Moon Kim
- Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Downey, California, USA
| | - Dawn Terashita
- Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Downey, California, USA
| | - Sharon E. Balter
- Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Downey, California, USA
| | | | - Nicole M. Green
- Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Downey, California, USA
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Suspène R, Raymond KA, Boutin L, Guillier S, Lemoine F, Ferraris O, Tournier JN, Iseni F, Simon-Lorière E, Vartanian JP. APOBEC3F Is a Mutational Driver of the Human Monkeypox Virus Identified in the 2022 Outbreak. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:1421-1429. [PMID: 37224627 PMCID: PMC11009509 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND On May 6, 2022, a powerful outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) had been reported outside of Africa, with many continuing new cases being reported around the world. Analysis of mutations among the 2 different lineages present in the 2021 and 2022 outbreaks revealed the presence of G->A mutations occurring in the 5'GpA context, indicative of APOBEC3 cytidine deaminase activity. METHODS By using a sensitive polymerase chain reaction (differential DNA denaturation PCR) method allowing differential amplification of AT-rich DNA, we analyzed the level of APOBEC3-induced MPXV editing in infected cells and in patients. RESULTS We demonstrate that G->A hypermutated MPXV genomes can be recovered experimentally from APOBEC3 transfection followed by MPXV infection. Here, among the 7 human APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases (A3A-A3C, A3DE, A3F-A3H), only APOBEC3F was capable of extensively deaminating cytidine residues in MPXV genomes. Hyperedited genomes were also recovered in ∼42% of analyzed patients. Moreover, we demonstrate that substantial repair of these mutations occurs. Upon selection, corrected G->A mutations escaping drift loss contribute to the MPXV evolution observed in the current epidemic. CONCLUSIONS Stochastic or transient overexpression of the APOBEC3F gene exposes the MPXV genome to a broad spectrum of mutations that may be modeling the mutational landscape after multiple cycles of viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolphe Suspène
- Virus and Cellular Stress Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Kyle A Raymond
- Virus and Cellular Stress Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Complexité du Vivant, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Boutin
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, National Reference Center for Orthopoxviruses, (CNR-LE Orthopoxvirus), Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Sophie Guillier
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Frédéric Lemoine
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, G5 Evolutionary Genomics of RNA Viruses, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Ferraris
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, National Reference Center for Orthopoxviruses, (CNR-LE Orthopoxvirus), Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Jean-Nicolas Tournier
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Ecole du Val-de-Grâce, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Iseni
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Etienne Simon-Lorière
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, G5 Evolutionary Genomics of RNA Viruses, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Vartanian
- Virus and Cellular Stress Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
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48
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O’Toole Á, Neher RA, Ndodo N, Borges V, Gannon B, Gomes JP, Groves N, King DJ, Maloney D, Lemey P, Lewandowski K, Loman N, Myers R, Omah IF, Suchard MA, Worobey M, Chand M, Ihekweazu C, Ulaeto D, Adetifa I, Rambaut A. APOBEC3 deaminase editing in mpox virus as evidence for sustained human transmission since at least 2016. Science 2023; 382:595-600. [PMID: 37917680 PMCID: PMC10880385 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg8116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Historically, mpox has been characterized as an endemic zoonotic disease that transmits through contact with the reservoir rodent host in West and Central Africa. However, in May 2022, human cases of mpox were detected spreading internationally beyond countries with known endemic reservoirs. When the first cases from 2022 were sequenced, they shared 42 nucleotide differences from the closest mpox virus (MPXV) previously sampled. Nearly all these mutations are characteristic of the action of APOBEC3 deaminases, host enzymes with antiviral function. Assuming APOBEC3 editing is characteristic of human MPXV infection, we developed a dual-process phylogenetic molecular clock that-inferring a rate of ~6 APOBEC3 mutations per year-estimates that MPXV has been circulating in humans since 2016. These observations of sustained MPXV transmission present a fundamental shift to the perceived paradigm of MPXV epidemiology as a zoonosis and highlight the need for revising public health messaging around MPXV as well as outbreak management and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Áine O’Toole
- Institute of Ecology & Evolution, University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A. Neher
- Biozentrum, University of Basel and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics; Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nnaemeka Ndodo
- Nigeria Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Vitor Borges
- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA); Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ben Gannon
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down; Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - João Paulo Gomes
- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA); Lisbon, Portugal
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Natalie Groves
- UK Health Security Agency; London, E14 5EA, United Kingdom
| | - David J King
- CBR Division, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory; Salisbury SP4 0JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Maloney
- Institute of Ecology & Evolution, University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, United Kingdom
| | - Philippe Lemey
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven; Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Nicholas Loman
- UK Health Security Agency; London, E14 5EA, United Kingdom
- University of Birmingham; Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Myers
- UK Health Security Agency; London, E14 5EA, United Kingdom
| | - Ifeanyi F. Omah
- Institute of Ecology & Evolution, University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, United Kingdom
- Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Marc A. Suchard
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California; Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael Worobey
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona; Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Meera Chand
- UK Health Security Agency; London, E14 5EA, United Kingdom
| | - Chikwe Ihekweazu
- Nigeria Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Abuja, Nigeria
| | - David Ulaeto
- UK Health Security Agency; London, E14 5EA, United Kingdom
| | - Ifedayo Adetifa
- Nigeria Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Andrew Rambaut
- Institute of Ecology & Evolution, University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, United Kingdom
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49
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Minhaj FS, Singh V, Cohen SE, Townsend MB, Scott H, Szumowski J, Hare CB, Upadhyay P, Reddy J, Alexander B, Baird N, Navarra T, Priyamvada L, Wynn N, Carson WC, Odafe S, Guagliardo SAJ, Sims E, Rao AK, Satheshkumar PS, Weidle PJ, Hutson CL. Prevalence of Undiagnosed Monkeypox Virus Infections during Global Mpox Outbreak, United States, June-September 2022. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:2307-2314. [PMID: 37832516 PMCID: PMC10617324 DOI: 10.3201/eid2911.230940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Since May 2022, mpox has been identified in 108 countries without endemic disease; most cases have been in gay, bisexual, or other men who have sex with men. To determine number of missed cases, we conducted 2 studies during June-September 2022: a prospective serologic survey detecting orthopoxvirus antibodies among men who have sex with men in San Francisco, California, and a retrospective monkeypox virus PCR testing of swab specimens submitted for other infectious disease testing among all patients across the United States. The serosurvey of 225 participants (median age 34 years) detected 18 (8.0%) who were orthopoxvirus IgG positive and 3 (1.3%) who were also orthopoxvirus IgM positive. The retrospective PCR study of 1,196 patients (median age 30 years; 54.8% male) detected 67 (5.6%) specimens positive for monkeypox virus. There are likely few undiagnosed cases of mpox in regions where sexual healthcare is accessible and patient and clinician awareness about mpox is increased.
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50
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de Salazar A, Martínez MJ, Navero-Castillejos J, Negredo A, Galán JC, Rojo Molinero E, Lagarejos E, Muñoz-Almagro C, Hernández Rodríguez Á, Lepe JA, Antón Pagarolas A, Pérez Castro S, Zamora Cintas MI, Domínguez-Gil González M, Niubó-Bosch J, Gutiérrez Arroyo A, Vazquez A, García F, Sánchez-Seco Fariñas MP. The imperative for quality control programs in Monkeypox virus DNA testing by PCR: CIBERINFEC quality control. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29240. [PMID: 37971716 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate molecular assays for Mpox diagnosis available in various clinical microbiology services in Spain through a quality control (QC) approach. A total of 14 centers from across Spain participated in the study. The Reference Laboratory dispatched eight serum samples and eight nucleic acid extracts to each participating center. Some samples were spiked with Mpox or Vaccinia virus to mimic positive samples for Mpox or other orthopox viruses. Participating centers provided information on the results obtained, as well as the laboratory methods used. Among the 14 participating centers seven different commercial assays were employed, with the most commonly used kit being LightMix Modular Orthopox/Monkeypox (Mpox) Virus (Roche®). Of the 12 centers conducting Mpox determinations, concordance ranged from 62.5% (n = 1) to 100% (n = 11) for eluates and from 75.0% (n = 1) to 100% (n = 10) for serum. Among the 10 centers performing Orthopoxvirus determinations, a 100% concordance was observed for eluates, while for serum, concordance ranged from 87.5% (n = 6) to 100% (n = 4). Repeatedly, 6 different centers reported a false negative in serum samples for Orthopoxvirus diagnosis, particularly in a sample with borderline Ct = 39. Conversely, one center, using the TaqMan™ Mpox Virus Microbe Detection Assay (Thermo Fisher), reported false positives in Mpox diagnosis for samples spiked with vaccinia virus due to cross-reactions. We observed a positive correlation of various diagnostic assays for Mpox used by the participating centers with the reference values. Our results highlight the significance of standardization, validation, and ongoing QC in the microbiological diagnosis of infectious diseases, which might be particularly relevant for emerging viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo de Salazar
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel J Martínez
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona (ISGloba), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anabel Negredo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Galán
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Estrella Rojo Molinero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Eduardo Lagarejos
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Carmen Muñoz-Almagro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- RDI Microbiology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, School of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Águeda Hernández Rodríguez
- Laboratori Clínic de la Metropolitana Nord, Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - José Antonio Lepe
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Parasitología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Andrés Antón Pagarolas
- Departamento de Microbiología, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, PROSICS Barcelona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Pérez Castro
- Servicio Microbiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Marta Domínguez-Gil González
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jordi Niubó-Bosch
- Laboratori Clínic Territorial Metropolitana Sud, Departamento de Microbiología, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ana Vazquez
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico García
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Paz Sánchez-Seco Fariñas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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