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Danjuma MIM, Sukik AA, Aboughalia AT, Bidmos M, Ali Y, Chamseddine R, Elzouki A, Adegboye O. In patients with chronic heart failure which polypharmacy pheno-groups are associated with adverse health outcomes? (Polypharmacy pheno-groups and heart failure outcomes). Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102194. [PMID: 37981267 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with heart failure are living longer with the inevitable morbidity of rising medication counts. It remains uncertain what fraction of this ensuing polypharmacy exactly predicts adverse clinical outcomes. METHODS This prospective study examined records of patients admitted to a Weill Cornell-affiliated tertiary medical institution with a confirmed diagnosis of heart failure between January 2018 to January 2022. Each patient's medications for the past four months were tallied, and a definitional threshold of ≤4, ≥5, ≥10 medications was established. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality within the study period. RESULTS Out of a total of 7354 patients included in the study, 70 % were males with a median age of 59 years IQR (48-71). The median (IQR) age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was 21-5. A total of 1475 (20 %) participants died within the study period. Patient cohorts with excessive polypharmacy (≥9 medications) had the highest probability of survival up to 1.6 years compared to those with lower medication thresholds (≤4); the mortality rate decreased by 18 % for patients with excessive polypharmacy [HR = 0.82, 95 % CI: 0.71-0.94]). Conversely, patients with non-heart failure-related polypharmacy had increased risks of ICU admissions (aOR = 1.78, 95 % CI: 1.13-2.70). CONCLUSION In an examination of a database of patients with chronic heart failure, major non-heart failure-related polypharmacy was associated with increased risks in intensive care admissions. Excessive polypharmacy was associated with increased rates of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ibn-Mas'ud Danjuma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; NHS Grampian (Dr Grays Hospital), Elgin, Scotland, United Kingdom; Weill Cornell College of Medicine, New York, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Aseel Abdulrahim Sukik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Mubarak Bidmos
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yousra Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Abdelnaser Elzouki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Weill Cornell College of Medicine, New York, Doha, Qatar
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, 0811 Darwin, Australia
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2
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Lyu S, Adegboye O, Adhinugraha KM, Emeto TI, Taniar D. Analysing the impact of comorbid conditions and media coverage on online symptom search data: a novel AI-based approach for COVID-19 tracking. Infect Dis (Lond) 2024; 56:348-358. [PMID: 38305899 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2024.2311281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Web search data have proven to bea valuable early indicator of COVID-19 outbreaks. However, the influence of co-morbid conditions with similar symptoms and the effect of media coverage on symptom-related searches are often overlooked, leading to potential inaccuracies in COVID-19 simulations. METHOD This study introduces a machine learning-based approach to estimate the magnitude of the impact of media coverage and comorbid conditions with similar symptoms on online symptom searches, based on two scenarios with quantile levels 10-90 and 25-75. An incremental batch learning RNN-LSTM model was then developed for the COVID-19 simulation in Australia and New Zealand, allowing the model to dynamically simulate different infection rates and transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 variants. RESULT The COVID-19 infected person-directed symptom searches were found to account for only a small proportion of the total search volume (on average 33.68% in Australia vs. 36.89% in New Zealand) compared to searches influenced by media coverage and comorbid conditions (on average 44.88% in Australia vs. 50.94% in New Zealand). The proposed method, which incorporates estimated symptom component ratios into the RNN-LSTM embedding model, significantly improved COVID-19 simulation performance. CONCLUSION Media coverage and comorbid conditions with similar symptoms dominate the total number of online symptom searches, suggesting that direct use of online symptom search data in COVID-19 simulations may overestimate COVID-19 infections. Our approach provides new insights into the accurate estimation of COVID-19 infections using online symptom searches, thereby assisting governments in developing complementary methods for public health surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Lyu
- School of Computer Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Charles Darwin University, NT, Australia
| | | | - Theophilus I Emeto
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - David Taniar
- School of Computer Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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3
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Alakunle E, Kolawole D, Diaz-Cánova D, Alele F, Adegboye O, Moens U, Okeke MI. A comprehensive review of monkeypox virus and mpox characteristics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1360586. [PMID: 38510963 PMCID: PMC10952103 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1360586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is the etiological agent of monkeypox (mpox), a zoonotic disease. MPXV is endemic in the forested regions of West and Central Africa, but the virus has recently spread globally, causing outbreaks in multiple non-endemic countries. In this paper, we review the characteristics of the virus, including its ecology, genomics, infection biology, and evolution. We estimate by phylogenomic molecular clock that the B.1 lineage responsible for the 2022 mpox outbreaks has been in circulation since 2016. We interrogate the host-virus interactions that modulate the virus infection biology, signal transduction, pathogenesis, and host immune responses. We highlight the changing pathophysiology and epidemiology of MPXV and summarize recent advances in the prevention and treatment of mpox. In addition, this review identifies knowledge gaps with respect to the virus and the disease, suggests future research directions to address the knowledge gaps, and proposes a One Health approach as an effective strategy to prevent current and future epidemics of mpox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Alakunle
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria
| | - Daniel Kolawole
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria
| | - Diana Diaz-Cánova
- Department of Medical Biology, UIT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Faith Alele
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Ugo Moens
- Department of Medical Biology, UIT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Malachy Ifeanyi Okeke
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria
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4
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Adamu AM, Onoja AB, Ugbodu VE, Bala RS, Maina M, Salisu US, Pewan SB, David E, Malgwi A, Adamu C, Adeiza A, Herbert M, Horwood P, Adegboye O. Investigating Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus seropositivity in camels and human behavioural risks in an abattoir in Nigeria. Epidemiol Infect 2024; 152:e29. [PMID: 38299329 PMCID: PMC10894886 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268824000189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is an emerging viral pathogen with pandemic potential that is often misdiagnosed. Case fatality in low-resource settings could be up to 40% due to close contact between animals and humans. A two-year cross-sectional study was conducted in Fagge abattoir, Kano State, Nigeria, to estimate the seropositivity of CCHFV in camels using a commercial multi-species competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A closed-ended questionnaire was administered to the abattoir workers to assess their awareness, mitigation, and behavioural practices associated with CCHF. Of the 184 camels tested, 179 (97%) were seropositive for CCHFV (95% confidence interval (CI): 93.77, 99.11). The median (interquartile range (IQR)) age of respondents was 41 (35-52), with 62% having no education. Respondents had little knowledge about CCHFV and the concept of zoonotic disease. In this study, the high estimated prevalence of antibodies to CCHFV in camels highlights the heightened risk of transmission of CCHFV in Nigeria. Similarly, a concerning lack of knowledge and inadequate preventive practices, alongside a prevalence of high-risk behaviours associated with CCHF among abattoir workers, were noted in this study. Thus, there is an urgent need for comprehensive public health education and collaborative One Health strategies to avert the threats of spillover events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Musa Adamu
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Victoria Ehinor Ugbodu
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Meshach Maina
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Maiduguri, Borno, Nigeria
| | - Usman Shehu Salisu
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria
| | | | - Emmanuel David
- Nigerian Field and Laboratory Training Programme, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Arhyel Malgwi
- Nigerian Field and Laboratory Training Programme, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Cornelius Adamu
- One Health (Man-Imal) Nantes College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Abdulrahman Adeiza
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Megan Herbert
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Paul Horwood
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory Australia
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5
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Gayawan E, Egbon OA, Adegboye O. Copula based trivariate spatial modeling of childhood illnesses in Western African countries. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2023; 46:100591. [PMID: 37500230 DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2023.100591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory infections (ARI), diarrhea, and fever are three common childhood illnesses, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. This study investigates the marginal and pairwise correlated effects of these diseases across Western African countries in a single analytical framework. Using data from nationally representative cross-sectional Demographic and Health Surveys, the study analyzed specific and correlated effects of each pair of childhood morbidity from ARI, diarrhea, and fever using copula regression models in fourteen contiguous Western African countries. Data concerning childhood demographic and socio-economic conditions were used as covariates. In this cross-sectional analysis of 152,125 children aged 0-59 months, the prevalence of ARI was 6.9%, diarrhea, 13.8%, and fever 19.6%. The results showed a positive correlation and geographical variation in the prevalence of the three illnesses across the study region. The estimated correlation and 95% confidence interval between diarrhea and fever is 0.431(0.300,0.539); diarrhea and ARI is 0.270(0.096,0.422); and fever and ARI is 0.502(0.350,0.614). The marginal and correlated spatial random effects reveal within-country spatial dependence. Source of water and access to electricity was significantly associated with any of the three illnesses, while television, birth order, and gender were associated with diarrhea or fever. The place of residence and access to newspapers were associated with fever or ARI. There was an increased likelihood of childhood ARI, diarrhea, and fever, which peaked at about ten months but decreased substantially thereafter. Mother's age was associated with a reduced likelihood of the three illnesses. The maps generated could be resourceful for area-specific policy-making to speed up mitigation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezra Gayawan
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Osafu Augustine Egbon
- Institute of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil; Department of Statistics, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brazil.
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina 0810, NT, Australia
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6
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Stephen R, Alele F, Olumoh J, Tyndall J, Okeke MI, Adegboye O. Corrigendum: The epidemiological trend of monkeypox and monkeypox-varicella zoster viruses co-infection in North-Eastern Nigeria. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1256195. [PMID: 37554731 PMCID: PMC10406378 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1256195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1066589.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Stephen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Modibbo Adama University Teaching Hospital, Yola, Adamawa, Nigeria
| | - Faith Alele
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Jamiu Olumoh
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Adamawa, Nigeria
| | - Jennifer Tyndall
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Adamawa, Nigeria
| | - Malachy Ifeanyi Okeke
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Adamawa, Nigeria
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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7
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Adeniji KA, Folaranmi OO, Odetunde OA, Adegboye O, Ibiyeye KM, Ighodalo JE, Olayiwola JO, Suleiman KA, Abubakar-Akanbi SK. Changing pattern of cancer distribution: experience from a tertiary health institution in Nigeria and review of literature. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:902-907. [PMID: 37635573 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_520_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Over the years, epidemiological surveys have established that the five leading cancers in Africa (in descending order of prevalence) are cancers of the breast, cervix, prostate, liver, and colorectum.[1] However, a 10-year retrospective review of cases performed at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH) revealed some changes in the cancer incidence pattern in this region. Aims The aim of the study was to determine the distribution of cancers managed at the UITH, a tertiary health care center in North Central Nigeria, in the past 10 years and create awareness of changing cancer prevalence patterns in this region. Materials and Method This was a retrospective review of cancer epidemiology at UITH over a period of 10 years. Confirmed cancer cases within this period were extracted from the data in the Department of Anatomic Pathology and the Cancer registry. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to obtain rates and proportions for both sexes. Results There were 2430 confirmed cases of cancer during the study period from January 2011 to December 2020. Out of these cases, 1310 (54%) were seen in females and 1120 (46%) were seen in males. The most common cancer recorded (in total) was prostate cancer, which accounted for 18% of all cases, constituting approximately one in six of all cancer cases. This was followed closely by breast cancer (16.6%). The most commonly diagnosed cancer in males was prostate cancer (four in ten cancer cases in males), whereas in females, it was breast cancer (approximately three in ten cancer cases in females). Cancers of the lungs and liver were rare in both sexes in this study. In children, the most common malignancies were retinoblastoma (38.3%), non-Hodgkin lymphomas (16.8%), and nephroblastoma (12.8%). Conclusion There is a changing trend in cancer cases with some cancer cases now predominating compared to previous years. This may be because of increased awareness and/or better medical screening and diagnostic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Adeniji
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - O O Folaranmi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - O A Odetunde
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - O Adegboye
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - K M Ibiyeye
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - J E Ighodalo
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - J O Olayiwola
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - K A Suleiman
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - S K Abubakar-Akanbi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Lyu S, Adegboye O, Adhinugraha K, Emeto TI, Taniar D. COVID-19 Prevention Strategies for Victoria Students within Educational Facilities: An AI-Based Modelling Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11060860. [PMID: 36981517 PMCID: PMC10048279 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Educational institutions play a significant role in the community spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Victoria. Despite a series of social restrictions and preventive measures in educational institutions implemented by the Victorian Government, confirmed cases among people under 20 years of age accounted for more than a quarter of the total infections in the state. In this study, we investigated the risk factors associated with COVID-19 infection within Victoria educational institutions using an incremental deep learning recurrent neural network-gated recurrent unit (RNN-GRU) model. The RNN-GRU model simulation was built based on three risk dimensions: (1) school-related risk factors, (2) student-related community risk factors, and (3) general population risk factors. Our data analysis showed that COVID-19 infection cases among people aged 10–19 years were higher than those aged 0–9 years in the Victorian region in 2020–2022. Within the three dimensions, a significant association was identified between school-initiated contact tracing (0.6110), vaccination policy for students and teachers (0.6100), testing policy (0.6109), and face covering (0.6071) and prevention of COVID-19 infection in educational settings. Furthermore, the study showed that different risk factors have varying degrees of effectiveness in preventing COVID-19 infection for the 0–9 and 10–19 age groups, such as state travel control (0.2743 vs. 0.3390), international travel control (0.2757 vs. 0.3357) and school closure (0.2738 vs. 0.3323), etc. More preventive support is suggested for the younger generation, especially for the 10–19 age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Lyu
- Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Kiki Adhinugraha
- Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Theophilus I. Emeto
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - David Taniar
- Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Adegboye O. The Echoes of Noise: Residential Exposure to Traffic and Risk of Tinnitus. Environ Health Perspect 2023; 131:34001. [PMID: 36917477 PMCID: PMC10013688 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
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10
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Adegboye O, Churchill J, Moorjani J, Johnson H, Capper S, Booker J, Parnham A, Lau M, Sangar V, Faivre-Finn C. Electronic patient-reported outcome measures (ePROMs) - ready for prime time in penile cancer care? Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00692-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Finlay S, Juster RP, Adegboye O, Rudd D, McDermott B, Sarnyai Z. Childhood adversity, allostatic load, and adult mental health: Study protocol using the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children birth cohort. Front Psychiatry 2023; 13:976140. [PMID: 36683977 PMCID: PMC9849880 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.976140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The cumulative burden of chronic stress and life events has been termed allostatic load. Elevated allostatic load indices are associated with different mental health conditions in adulthood. To date, however, the association between elevated allostatic load in childhood and later development of mental health conditions has not been investigated. Methods Using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), we will calculate allostatic load indices using biomarkers representing the cardiovascular, metabolic, immune, and neuroendocrine systems, at the ages of 9 and 17 years. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models will be used to investigate the association between allostatic load and psychiatric disorders in adulthood. Furthermore, the role of adverse childhood experiences as a modifier will be investigated. Discussion This protocol describes a strategy for investigating the association between elevated allostatic load indices in childhood at the age of 9 years old and psychiatric disorders in adulthood at 24 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Finlay
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert-Paul Juster
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Centre of the Montreal Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Donna Rudd
- College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Brett McDermott
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Zoltán Sarnyai
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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12
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Abdel-Latif ME, Adegboye O, Nowak G, Elfaki F, Bajuk B, Glass K, Harley D. Variation in hospital morbidities in an Australian neonatal intensive care unit network. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2023:archdischild-2022-324940. [PMID: 36593112 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2022-324940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is an expectation among the public and within the profession that the performance and outcome of neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) should be comparable between centres with a similar setting. This study aims to benchmark and audit performance variation in a regional Australian network of eight NICUs. DESIGN Cohort study using prospectively collected data. SETTING All eight perinatal centres in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. PATIENTS All live-born infants born between 23+0 and 31+6 weeks gestation admitted to one of the tertiary perinatal centres from 2007 to 2020 (n=12 608). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Early and late confirmed sepsis, intraventricular haemorrhage, medically and surgically treated patent ductus arteriosus, chronic lung disease (CLD), postnatal steroid for CLD, necrotising enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), surgery for ROP, hospital mortality and home oxygen. RESULTS NICUs showed variations in maternal and neonatal characteristics and resources. The unadjusted funnel plots for neonatal outcomes showed apparent variation with multiple centres outside the 99.8% control limits of the network values. The hierarchical model-based risk-adjustment accounting for differences in patient characteristics showed that discharged home with oxygen is the only outcome above the 99.8% control limits. CONCLUSIONS Hierarchical model-based risk-adjusted estimates of morbidity rates plotted on funnel plots provide a robust and straightforward visual graphical tool for presenting variations in outcome performance to detect aberrations in healthcare delivery and guide timely intervention. We propose using hierarchical model-based risk adjustment and funnel plots in real or near real-time to detect aberrations and start timely intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Abdel-Latif
- Department of Neonatology, Centenary Hospital for Women and Children, Canberra Hospital, Garran, Canberra, ACT, Australia .,Department of Public Health, College of Science Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Discipline of Neonatology, School of Medicine and Psychology, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Gen Nowak
- Research School of Finance, Actuarial Studies, and Statistics, College of Business and Economics, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Faiz Elfaki
- Department of Mathematics, Physics, and Statistics, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Barbara Bajuk
- Critical Care Program, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kathryn Glass
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - David Harley
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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13
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Kareem YO, Dorgbetor CI, Ameyaw EK, Abubakar Z, Adelekan B, Goldson E, Mueller U, Adegboye O. Assessment and associated factors of comprehensive HIV knowledge in an at-risk population: a cross-sectional study from 19,286 young persons in Nigeria. Ther Adv Infect Dis 2023; 10:20499361231163664. [PMID: 37051440 PMCID: PMC10084550 DOI: 10.1177/20499361231163664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of HIV among young people aged 15–19 years in Nigeria is estimated as 3.5%, the highest among West and Central African countries. Comprehensive knowledge of HIV is associated with increased awareness of preventive interventions and a reduction in the spread of HIV. Therefore, this article seeks to assess and determine the associated factors of comprehensive HIV knowledge among youths in Nigeria. Methods: The study used the 2018 Nigerian Demographic Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey that employed a two-stage cluster sampling method. Comprehensive knowledge of HIV was assessed based on five questions. The data were analysed separately for men and women aged 15–24 years. A multivariable log-binomial regression model was used to determine factors associated with comprehensive HIV knowledge. All analysis was performed using Stata 15.0 and adjusted for weighting, clustering and stratification. Results: A total of 15,267 women and 4019 men aged 15–24 years were included in this study. The prevalence of comprehensive knowledge of HIV was higher among women than among men (42.6% versus 33.7%; p < 0.001) and lower among younger ages 15–17 years compared with other ages. The findings revealed that age, ethnicity, wealth, education and exposure to mass media were statistically significant factors associated with comprehensive knowledge of HIV. In addition, religion, place of residence, phone ownership, internet use, currently working and having initiated sex were significant factors among women and modern contraceptive use among men. Conclusion: Key findings from this study imply that public health programmes in Nigeria should focus on providing information on HIV/AIDS using different approaches, including comprehensive sex education as well as health promotion and education strategies in the formal and informal sectors. Because media exposure is a common and cost-effective way of public health promotion and education in modern times, emphasis could also be placed on using this channel to reach the target population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Edward Kwabena Ameyaw
- Institute of Policy Studies and School of Graduate Studies, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | | | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, 1 James Cook Drive, Douglas, Queensland 4814, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, 1 James Cook Drive, Douglas, Queensland 4814, Australia
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14
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Stephen R, Alele F, Olumoh J, Tyndall J, Okeke MI, Adegboye O. The epidemiological trend of monkeypox and monkeypox-varicella zoster viruses co-infection in North-Eastern Nigeria. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1066589. [PMID: 36589996 PMCID: PMC9797713 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1066589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Monkeypox (MPX) is endemic in Nigeria, but it was first reported in Adamawa state, North-Eastern Nigeria, in January 2022. There are currently 172 cases of MPX in Nigeria, with four reported deaths, and Adamawa has the second-highest case count. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate the epidemiological profile of this viral disease. Methods This is a cross-sectional study. The skin and blood samples were screened for the presence for Monkeypox virus (MPXV) and Varicella Zoster virus (VZV) DNA by real-time PCR; the clinical diagnosis was based on symptoms of visual signs of skin lesions and other clinical symptoms from January to July 2022. Results A total of 33 suspected cases aged 1-57 years [26 (79%) males vs. 7 (21%) females] were screened for MPX and VZV. Twenty-four (72.7%) were positive (6.1% were MPX only, 39% were VZV only, and 27% were both MPX and VZV). Most cases of MPX (82%), VZV (69%) and MPX-VZV co-infection (78%) occurred in males. More than half (54%) of those infected were children and adolescents between 0 and 19 years. All patients experienced body rashes and itching, and other clinical symptoms included fever, headache, mouth sores, muscle aches and lymphadenopathy. Over 64 and 86% of patients had contact with livestock and rodents, respectively. Conclusion MPXV, VZV and MPXV-VZV co-infections occurred predominantly among males and children in Adamawa state, Nigeria. Given the patient contact with rodents and livestock, further research on the animal reservoir is needed to highlight the transmission of MPXV in Adamawa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Stephen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Modibbo Adama University Teaching Hospital, Yola, Adamawa, Nigeria
| | - Faith Alele
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Jamiu Olumoh
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Adamawa, Nigeria
| | - Jennifer Tyndall
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Adamawa, Nigeria
| | - Malachy Ifeanyi Okeke
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Adamawa, Nigeria
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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15
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Stokes A, Karadakhy O, Lui C, Argyriou A, Almansoor Z, Adegboye O, Biswas S, Raj Krishna G, Agrawal D, Shah A, Kirkwood G, Morris G. Long-term lead and mortality following pacemaker and defibrillator implantation in adult congenital heart disease. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) survival has dramatically improved in recent decades. As such, clinicians now face the complex long-term interactions of congenital and chronic heart diseases. One area of continuing mortality in this group is arrhythmias, especially in those with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). With these developments in survival, the long-term outcomes of the CIED systems and their effects on mortality are beginning to be elucidated.
Aims
This study aims to compare the effects of system location, surgical history, patient demographics and congenital disease complexity on lead survival, complication distributions and patient mortality in ACHD CIED patients.
Methods
A retrospective cohort of 250 ACHD CIED patients with follow up at a heart centre was collated from clinical correspondence letters and CEID records. Data was collected on demographics, mortality and lead survival and complications. Survival data was analysed with Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves and hazard ratio tests.
Results
Complex ADHD patient survival was less than the non-complex cohort (HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.22–0.67, p<0.01). Lead survival was longer in non-surgical patients (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.13–1.78, p<0.01) and longer in female patients (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.07–1.69, p<0.01) (Figure 1). No significant differences in mortality or lead survival were seen between epicardial and transvenous systems.
Conclusions
Complex ACHD is associated with worse patient mortality in CEID patients. Surgical history and male gender are associated with worsened lead survival.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stokes
- Manchester Royal Infirmary , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - O Karadakhy
- Manchester Royal Infirmary , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - C Lui
- East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust , Blackburn , United Kingdom
| | - A Argyriou
- University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - Z Almansoor
- University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - O Adegboye
- University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - S Biswas
- University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - G Raj Krishna
- University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - D Agrawal
- University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - A Shah
- St. Boniface General Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine; Section of Cardiology , Winnipeg , Canada
| | - G Kirkwood
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust , Sheffield , United Kingdom
| | - G Morris
- Manchester Royal Infirmary , Manchester , United Kingdom
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16
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Azam H, Agilan N, Pitigala P, Gupta A, Fung J, Miller CM, Adegboye O, Sharma D. Impact of COVID-19 on Patients’ Attitudes and Perceptions of Dental Health Services: A Questionnaire Based Study in an Australian University Dental Clinic. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10091747. [PMID: 36141359 PMCID: PMC9498909 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, the global pandemic, has significantly interrupted the provision of oral health care to many individuals. This study aims to evaluate patients’ attitudes to and perceptions of dental visits in the COVID-19 pandemic and assess if socio-economic status influences their perception of risk associated with dental visits. Patients attending the dental clinic were invited to participate in this study by completing a questionnaire administered in August 2021. Composite indicators for access, attitude, perception and socio-economic status were created based on subsets of questions. A total of 247 completed questionnaires were obtained. Analysis was performed with the perception, attitude and access indicators against the socio-economic status indicator. This study found that there is a statistically significant difference between socio-economic groups and their attitudes and perceptions around dental health care services in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Individuals from lower socio-economic status groups were less influenced by the pandemic. Participants from higher socio-economic status groups were found to be more cautious around COVID-19 and its risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashim Azam
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia
| | - Niesha Agilan
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia
| | - Pulina Pitigala
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia
| | - Anjaneya Gupta
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia
| | - Julian Fung
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia
| | - Catherine M. Miller
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health & Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4870, Australia
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health & Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4870, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical & Vet Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Dileep Sharma
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health & Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4870, Australia
- Correspondence:
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17
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Adegboye O. Field Burning Fallout: Quantifying PM2.5 Emissions from Sugarcane Fires. Environ Health Perspect 2022; 130:84003. [PMID: 36001477 PMCID: PMC9401063 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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18
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Adegboye O. Consider the Source: Noise-Stroke Association Varies by Transportation Type. Environ Health Perspect 2022; 130:14003. [PMID: 35089097 PMCID: PMC8796792 DOI: 10.1289/ehp10487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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19
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Adegboye O, Gayawan E, James A, Adegboye A, Elfaki F. Bayesian spatial modelling of Ebola outbreaks in Democratic Republic of Congo through the INLA-SPDE approach. Zoonoses Public Health 2021; 68:443-451. [PMID: 33780159 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBV) disease is a globally acknowledged public health emergency, endemic in the west and equatorial Africa. To understand the epidemiology especially the dynamic pattern of EBV disease, we analyse the EBV case notification data for confirmed cases and reported deaths of the ongoing outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) between 2018 and 2019, and examined the impact of reported violence on the spread of the virus. Using fully Bayesian geo-statistical analysis through stochastic partial differential equations (SPDE) allows us to quantify the spatial patterns at every point of the spatial domain. Parameter estimation was based on the integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA). Our findings revealed a positive association between violent events in the affected areas and the reported EBV cases (posterior mean = 0.024, 95% CI: 0.005, 0.045) and deaths (posterior mean = 0.022, 95% CI: 0.005, 0.041). Translating to an increase of 2.4% and 2.2% in the relative risks of EBV cases and deaths associated with a unit increase in violent events (one additional Ebola case is associated with an average of 45 violent events). We also observed clusters of EBV cases and deaths spread to neighbouring locations in similar manners. Findings from the study are therefore useful for hot spot identification, location-specific disease surveillance and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyelola Adegboye
- Public Health & Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, QLD, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, QLD, Australia
| | - Ezra Gayawan
- Biostatistics and Spatial Statistics Laboratory, Department of Statistics, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Adewale James
- Division of Mathematics, American University of Nigeria, Yola
| | | | - Faiz Elfaki
- Department of Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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20
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Adegboye O, Adegboye M, Saffary T, Emeto T, Elfaki F. The increased risk of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus: Effects of the interaction between temperature variability and dromedary exposure. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [PMCID: PMC7817433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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21
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Eisen DP, McBryde ES, Vasanthakumar L, Murray M, Harings M, Adegboye O. Linking administrative data sets of inpatient infectious diseases diagnoses in far North Queensland: a cohort profile. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034845. [PMID: 32193270 PMCID: PMC7202725 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To design a linked hospital database using administrative and clinical information to describe associations that predict infectious diseases outcomes, including long-term mortality. PARTICIPANTS A retrospective cohort of Townsville Hospital inpatients discharged with an International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision Australian Modification code for an infectious disease between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2016 was assembled. This used linked anonymised data from: hospital administrative sources, diagnostic pathology, pharmacy dispensing, public health and the National Death Registry. A Created Study ID was used as the central identifier to provide associations between the cohort patients and the subsets of granular data which were processed into a relational database. A web-based interface was constructed to allow data extraction and evaluation to be performed using editable Structured Query Language. FINDINGS TO DATE The database has linked information on 41 367 patients with 378 487 admissions and 1 869 239 diagnostic/procedure codes. Scripts used to create the database contents generated over 24 000 000 database rows from the supplied data. Nearly 15% of the cohort was identified as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islanders. Invasive staphylococcal, pneumococcal and Group A streptococcal infections and influenza were common in this cohort. The most common comorbidities were smoking (43.95%), diabetes (24.73%), chronic renal disease (17.93%), cancer (16.45%) and chronic pulmonary disease (12.42%). Mortality over the 11-year period was 20%. FUTURE PLANS This complex relational database reutilising hospital information describes a cohort from a single tropical Australian hospital of inpatients with infectious diseases. In future analyses, we plan to explore analyses of risks, clinical outcomes, healthcare costs and antimicrobial side effects in site and organism specific infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damon P Eisen
- Infectious Diseases, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Emma S McBryde
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Luke Vasanthakumar
- Infectious Diseases, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Miriam Harings
- Infectious Diseases, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
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22
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Malabu UH, Adegboye O, Hayes OG, Ryan A, Vangaveti VN, Jhamb S, Robertson K, Sangla KS. Influence of Ethnicity on Outcomes of Diabetes Inpatient Hypoglycemia: an Australian Perspective. J Endocr Soc 2020; 4:bvaa009. [PMID: 32104749 PMCID: PMC7039405 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvaa009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
To evaluate outcomes of diabetic inpatient hypoglycemia among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (ATSI) compared with Australian Caucasian patients.
Methods
A retrospective audit of diabetic patients aged > 18 years admitted at a regional hospital general ward between April 1, 2015, and March 31, 2016, was analyzed. The database contains clinical information at the time of admission and initial discharge and readmission within 4 weeks thereafter.
Results
A total of 1618 (of 6027) patients were admitted with diabetes representing 23.7% of the total ward admissions, of which 484 (29.9%) had inpatient hypoglycemia. Of the 91 patients with available data analyzed, ATSI origin with inpatient hypoglycemia was associated with longer length of stay (LOS) (hazard ratio [HR], 2.1, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-3.5), whereas severe hypoglycemia (≤ 2.2 mmol/L) in both ATSI and non-ATSI was significantly associated with longer LOS (HR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.2-4.2). No significant differences in LOS were found for gender, age, and Carlson comorbidity index (CCI). The adjusted model for likelihood of readmission, gender, indigenous status, and CCI were not significant risk factors for readmission to the hospital. Readmitted patients were older (50-59 years vs < 50 years, P = 0.001; 60-69 years vs < 50 years, P = 0.032; 70+ years vs < 50 years, P = 0.031).
Conclusion
We reported high rate of inpatient hypoglycemia in our study population. Indigenous Australian diabetic patients with inpatient hypoglycemia had significantly longer LOS compared with non-Indigenous Caucasian counterparts. Further prospective studies on a larger population are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman H Malabu
- The Townsville Hospital, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - Venkat N Vangaveti
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shaurya Jhamb
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Kunwarjit S Sangla
- The Townsville Hospital, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
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23
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Bidmos MA, Adebesin AA, Mazengenya P, Olateju OI, Adegboye O. Estimation of sex from metatarsals using discriminant function and logistic regression analyses. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2019.1711180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Bidmos
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - A. A. Adebesin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, South Africa
| | - P. Mazengenya
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - O. I. Olateju
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - O. Adegboye
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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24
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Adegboye O, Saffary T, Adegboye M, Elfaki F. Individual and network characteristic associated with hospital-acquired Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus. J Infect Public Health 2018; 12:343-349. [PMID: 30578142 PMCID: PMC7102844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During outbreaks of infectious diseases, transmission of the pathogen can form networks of infected individuals connected either directly or indirectly. METHODS Network centrality metrics were used to characterize hospital-acquired Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (HA-MERS) outbreaks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between 2012 and 2016. Covariate-adjusted multivariable logistic regression models were applied to assess the effect of individual level risk factors and network level metrics associated with increase in length of hospital stay and risk of deaths from MERS. RESULTS About 27% of MERS cases were hospital acquired during the study period. The median age of healthcare workers and hospitalized patients were 35 years and 63 years, respectively, Although HA-MERS were more connected, we found no significant difference in degree centrality metrics between HA-MERS and non-HA-MERS cases. Pre-existing medical conditions (adjusted Odds ratio (aOR)=2.43, 95% confidence interval: (CI) [1.11-5.33]) and hospitalized patients (aOR=29.99, 95% CI [1.80-48.65]) were the strongest risk predictors of death from MERS. The risk of death associated with 1-day increased length of stay was significantly higher for patients with comorbidities. CONCLUSION Our investigation also revealed that patients with an HA-MERS infection experienced a significantly longer hospital stay and were more likely to die from the disease. Healthcare worker should be reminded of their potential role as hubs for pathogens because of their proximity to and regular interaction with infected patients. On the other hand, this study has shown that while healthcare workers acted as epidemic attenuators, hospitalized patients played the role of an epidemic amplifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyelola Adegboye
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health & Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
| | | | | | - Faiz Elfaki
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
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25
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Khatab K, Adegboye O, Mohammed TI. Social and Demographic Factors Associated with Morbidities in Young Children in Egypt: A Bayesian Geo-Additive Semi-Parametric Multinomial Model. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159173. [PMID: 27442018 PMCID: PMC4956117 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, the burden of mortality in children, especially in poor developing countries, is alarming and has precipitated concern and calls for concerted efforts in combating such health problems. Examples of diseases that contribute to this burden of mortality include diarrhoea, cough, fever, and the overlap between these illnesses, causing childhood morbidity and mortality. METHODS To gain insight into these health issues, we employed the 2008 Demographic and Health Survey Data of Egypt, which recorded details from 10,872 children under five. This data focused on the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of household members. We applied a Bayesian multinomial model to assess the area-specific spatial effects and risk factors of co-morbidity of fever, diarrhoea and cough for children under the age of five. RESULTS The results showed that children under 20 months of age were more likely to have the three diseases (OR: 6.8; 95% CI: 4.6-10.2) than children between 20 and 40 months (OR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.38-3.3). In multivariate Bayesian geo-additive models, the children of mothers who were over 20 years of age were more likely to have only cough (OR: 1.2; 95% CI: 0.9-1.5) and only fever (OR: 1.2; 95% CI: 0.91-1.51) compared with their counterparts. Spatial results showed that the North-eastern region of Egypt has a higher incidence than most of other regions. CONCLUSIONS This study showed geographic patterns of Egyptian governorates in the combined prevalence of morbidity among Egyptian children. It is obvious that the Nile Delta, Upper Egypt, and south-eastern Egypt have high rates of diseases and are more affected. Therefore, more attention is needed in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Khatab
- Centre of Health and Social Care Research, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S10 2BP, United Kingdom
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics & Physics, College of Arts & Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Taofeeq Ibn Mohammed
- Centre for Energy, Environment and Sustainability, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 1FL, United Kingdom
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Adegboye O. Extraocular myositis in a female puppy. Open Vet J 2015. [DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2015.v5.i1.p42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraocular myositis (EOM) is not commonly encountered in dogs. It is generally diagnosed based on clinical features of exophthalmos without third eyelid protrusion, pain or vision loss. The traditional treatment of choice is prednisolone. This report describes a case of a mixed-breed puppy with clinical signs consistent with EOM, the use of ascorbic acid as an adjuvant to traditional corticosteroid therapy and rapid resolution of the condition without recurrence. It also shows that prolapse of the third eyelid and ptosis of the lower eyelids are possible signs of EOM during recovery. This is the first report of this sort from Africa and therefore the report is of epidemiological significance.
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Adegboye O. Extraocular myositis in a female puppy. Open Vet J 2015; 5:42-4. [PMID: 26623363 PMCID: PMC4629568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraocular myositis (EOM) is not commonly encountered in dogs. It is generally diagnosed based on clinical features of exophthalmos without third eyelid protrusion, pain or vision loss. The traditional treatment of choice is prednisolone. This report describes a case of a mixed-breed puppy with clinical signs consistent with EOM, the use of ascorbic acid as an adjuvant to traditional corticosteroid therapy and rapid resolution of the condition without recurrence. It also shows that prolapse of the third eyelid and ptosis of the lower eyelids are possible signs of EOM during recovery. This is the first report of this sort from Africa and therefore the report is of epidemiological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Adegboye
- Animal Health Services, (AHS), E17 Brusubi estate, Brusubi, Gambia,Corresponding Author: Olutoye Adegboye. Animal Health Services, E17, Brusubi Estate, Brusubi, Gambia. E-mail:
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Alabi BS, Abdulkarim AA, Musa IO, Adegboye O, Aremu SK, Abdur-Rahman LO, Omokanye HK, Katibi OS, Bello OA, Anoba S, Abd'razaq-Folorunsho M. Prevalence of snoring and symptoms of sleep disordered breathing among primary school pupils in Ilorin, Nigeria. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2012; 76:646-8. [PMID: 22341885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Snoring is the production of sound from the upper aero-digestive tract during sleep due to turbulent airflow This study is to determine the prevalence, pattern, night and daytime symptoms of snoring among nursery and primary school pupils in Ilorin, Nigeria due to its public health importance. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross sectional survey was carried out among nursery /primary school pupils in Ilorin, Kwara state between April and September, 2010. Ten schools were selected randomly from 100 schools sited within the 3LGAs of Ilorin municipality. Also private and public schools with different parental social economic status were selected. The pupils were selected from nursery 2 to primary 6 in each school using the class registers with the aid of a table of random numbers with 1500 children assessed. The parents/guardians were made to fill the questionnaires and same returned with visitations to the schools twice weekly and reminders sent via phone calls. Data were analyzed using EPIINFO 2002 version 2 software. RESULTS 1500 questionnaires were given out but 909 were completely filled and returned (response rate of 61%.). There were 598(65.8%) non snorers (NSn) and 311(34.2%) snorers (Sn) at different scales with 153 male snorers to 158 female snorers. The ages of the children ranges from 3 to 16 years (mean ± SD, 8.3 ± 4.8 years. The mean age for the Sn was 8.2 and 8.3 for NSn (range 3-6 years). No statistical difference in age, gender or socio-economic status between Sn and NSn. 598(65.8%) were non snorers (NSn) and 311(34.2%) were snorers (Sn) especially in the age groups 3-6 years, 121(38.9%) and above 6 years of age 101(32.7%) and below 3 years were 89(28%). CONCLUSION Snoring is an important health problem among the pupils as a significant percentage snores and most of them are between third and sixth year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Alabi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
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