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Monzón S, Varona S, Negredo A, Vidal-Freire S, Patiño-Galindo JA, Ferressini-Gerpe N, Zaballos A, Orviz E, Ayerdi O, Muñoz-Gómez A, Delgado-Iribarren A, Estrada V, García C, Molero F, Sánchez-Mora P, Torres M, Vázquez A, Galán JC, Torres I, Causse Del Río M, Merino-Diaz L, López M, Galar A, Cardeñoso L, Gutiérrez A, Loras C, Escribano I, Alvarez-Argüelles ME, Del Río L, Simón M, Meléndez MA, Camacho J, Herrero L, Jiménez P, Navarro-Rico ML, Jado I, Giannetti E, Kuhn JH, Sanchez-Lockhart M, Di Paola N, Kugelman JR, Guerra S, García-Sastre A, Cuesta I, Sánchez-Seco MP, Palacios G. Monkeypox virus genomic accordion strategies. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3059. [PMID: 38637500 PMCID: PMC11026394 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46949-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The 2023 monkeypox (mpox) epidemic was caused by a subclade IIb descendant of a monkeypox virus (MPXV) lineage traced back to Nigeria in 1971. Person-to-person transmission appears higher than for clade I or subclade IIa MPXV, possibly caused by genomic changes in subclade IIb MPXV. Key genomic changes could occur in the genome's low-complexity regions (LCRs), which are challenging to sequence and are often dismissed as uninformative. Here, using a combination of highly sensitive techniques, we determine a high-quality MPXV genome sequence of a representative of the current epidemic with LCRs resolved at unprecedented accuracy. This reveals significant variation in short tandem repeats within LCRs. We demonstrate that LCR entropy in the MPXV genome is significantly higher than that of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and that LCRs are not randomly distributed. In silico analyses indicate that expression, translation, stability, or function of MPXV orthologous poxvirus genes (OPGs), including OPG153, OPG204, and OPG208, could be affected in a manner consistent with the established "genomic accordion" evolutionary strategies of orthopoxviruses. We posit that genomic studies focusing on phenotypic MPXV differences should consider LCR variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Monzón
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Unidades Centrales Científico Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sarai Varona
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Unidades Centrales Científico Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Internacional de Doctorado de la UNED (EIDUNED), Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 2832, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabel Negredo
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Vidal-Freire
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | | | | | - Angel Zaballos
- Unidad de Genómica, Unidades Centrales Científico Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Orviz
- Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oskar Ayerdi
- Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Muñoz-Gómez
- Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Vicente Estrada
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina García
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Molero
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Sánchez-Mora
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Torres
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Vázquez
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan-Carlos Galán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Torres
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Instituto de Investigación INCLIVA, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Causse Del Río
- Unidad de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Laura Merino-Diaz
- Unidad Clínico de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marcos López
- Servicio de Microbiología y Parasitología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, 28222, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Galar
- Servicio de Microbiología Clínica y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Cardeñoso
- Servicio de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Gutiérrez
- Servicio de Microbiología y Parasitología Clínica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Loras
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital General y Universitario, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Isabel Escribano
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | | | | | - María Simón
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Central de la Defensa "Gómez Ulla", 28947, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Angeles Meléndez
- Servicio de Microbiología y Parasitología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Camacho
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Herrero
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Jiménez
- Unidad de Genómica, Unidades Centrales Científico Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Navarro-Rico
- Unidad de Genómica, Unidades Centrales Científico Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Jado
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elaina Giannetti
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jens H Kuhn
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Mariano Sanchez-Lockhart
- United States Army Research Institute for Infectious Disease, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Nicholas Di Paola
- United States Army Research Institute for Infectious Disease, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Kugelman
- United States Army Research Institute for Infectious Disease, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Susana Guerra
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Departmento de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Publica y Microbiología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Isabel Cuesta
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Unidades Centrales Científico Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maripaz P Sánchez-Seco
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo Palacios
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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Ruiz-López MJ, Muñoz-Chimeno M, Figuerola J, Gavilán AM, Varona S, Cuesta I, Martínez-de la Puente J, Zaballos Á, Molero F, Soriguer RC, Sánchez-Seco MP, Ruiz S, Vázquez A. Genomic Analysis of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 Detected in Mosquitoes during the 2020-2021 Outbreaks in Andalusia, Spain. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020266. [PMID: 36851481 PMCID: PMC9962355 DOI: 10.3390/v15020266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging infectious diseases are one of the most important global health challenges because of their impact on human and animal health. The vector-borne West Nile virus (WNV) is transmitted between birds by mosquitos, but it can also infect humans and horses causing disease. The local circulation of WNV in Spain has been known for decades, and since 2010, there have been regular outbreaks in horses, although only six cases were reported in humans until 2019. In 2020, Spain experienced a major outbreak with 77 human cases, which was followed by 6 additional cases in 2021, most of them in the Andalusian region (southern Spain). This study aimed to characterize the genomes of the WNV circulating in wild-trapped mosquitoes during 2020 and 2021 in Andalusia. We sequenced the WNV consensus genome from two mosquito pools and carried out the phylogenetic analyses. We also compared the obtained genomes with those sequenced from human samples obtained during the outbreak and the genomes obtained previously in Spain from birds (2007 and 2017), mosquitoes (2008) and horses (2010) to better understand the eco-epidemiology of WNV in Spain. As expected, the WNV genomes recovered from mosquito pools in 2020 were closely related to those recovered from humans of the same outbreak. In addition, the strain of WNV circulating in 2021 was highly related to the WNV strain that caused the 2020 outbreak, suggesting that WNV is overwintering in the area. Consequently, future outbreaks of the same strain may occur in in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Ruiz-López
- Estación Biológica de Doñana—CSIC, Avda. Américo Vespucio 26, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Milagros Muñoz-Chimeno
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Figuerola
- Estación Biológica de Doñana—CSIC, Avda. Américo Vespucio 26, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. Gavilán
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sarai Varona
- Unidad Bioinformática, Unidades Centrales Científico-Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Internacional de Doctorado de la UNED (EIDUNED), Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28232 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Cuesta
- Unidad Bioinformática, Unidades Centrales Científico-Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josué Martínez-de la Puente
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ángel Zaballos
- Unidad Genómica, Unidades Centrales Científico-Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Molero
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón C. Soriguer
- Estación Biológica de Doñana—CSIC, Avda. Américo Vespucio 26, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Paz Sánchez-Seco
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Ruiz
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Control de Mosquitos de la Diputación Provincial de Huelva, Ctra. Hospital Infanta Elena s/n, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Ana Vázquez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain
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3
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Sánchez S, Baquedano L, Cancelo MJ, Jurado AR, Molero F, Nohales F, Mendoza N, Palacios S. Managing vulvar and vestibular pain in postmenopausal women: recommendations from the Spanish Menopause Society, Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Sociedad Española de Medicos de Atención Primaria y Federación Española de Sociedades de Sexología. Gynecol Endocrinol 2022; 38:263-266. [PMID: 34519600 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2021.1963954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Relieving vulvar pain caused by atrophy in postmenopausal women is a challenge in our clinical practice. We know more and more about the vulva, its anatomy and physiology and we are realizing that it is different from the vagina. The importance of the vulvar approach in the management of vulvar or vestibular pain (VP) due to atrophy in postmenopausal women is becoming increasingly important. A panel of experts from several Spanish scientific societies (Spanish Menopause Society, AEEM; Spanish Federation of Sexology Societies, FESS; Spanish Society of Primary Care Physicians, SEMERGEN; and the Spanish Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics) held a meeting to discuss treatment recommendations for women with vulvar and VP based on the best available evidence, creating a report to describe grades of recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sánchez
- Spanish Menopause Society (Asociación Española para el Estudio de la Menopausia -AEEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia (SEGO), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Laura Baquedano
- Spanish Menopause Society (Asociación Española para el Estudio de la Menopausia -AEEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia (SEGO), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ma Jesús Cancelo
- Spanish Menopause Society (Asociación Española para el Estudio de la Menopausia -AEEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia (SEGO), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Rosa Jurado
- Spanish Menopause Society (Asociación Española para el Estudio de la Menopausia -AEEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia (SEGO), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Francisca Molero
- Spanish Menopause Society (Asociación Española para el Estudio de la Menopausia -AEEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Sociedad Española de Médicos de Atención Primaria (SEMERGEN), Madrid, Spain
- Federación Española de Sociedades de Sexología (FESS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Nohales
- Spanish Menopause Society (Asociación Española para el Estudio de la Menopausia -AEEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia (SEGO), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nicolás Mendoza
- Spanish Menopause Society (Asociación Española para el Estudio de la Menopausia -AEEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia (SEGO), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Santiago Palacios
- Spanish Menopause Society (Asociación Española para el Estudio de la Menopausia -AEEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia (SEGO), Zaragoza, Spain
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Fernández I, Fernández M, Marín P, Martínez V, Molero F, Borrás A, Gómez M, Laínez E, Cruz P, Molo C, Recio M, Argudo C, Rodríguez C. P-08-9 Female Genital Self Image Scale: Adaptation and Validation INTO Spanish. J Sex Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.04.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Fernandez M, Fernández I, Molero F, La Calle P, Figueras F, Rodríguez C. PS-6-5 Comparison of Two Techniques to Measure Clitoral Artery Doppler. Pilot Study. J Sex Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Fernandez-Garcia MD, Bangert M, de Ory F, Potente A, Hernandez L, Lasala F, Herrero L, Molero F, Negredo A, Vázquez A, Minguito T, Balfagón P, de la Fuente J, Puente S, Ramírez de Arellano E, Lago M, Martinez M, Gascón J, Norman F, Lopez-Velez R, Sulleiro E, Pou D, Serre N, Roblas RF, Tenorio A, Franco L, Sanchez-Seco MP. Chikungunya virus infections among travellers returning to Spain, 2008 to 2014. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 21:30336. [PMID: 27631156 PMCID: PMC5048715 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2016.21.36.30336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Since the first documented autochthonous transmission of chikungunya virus in the Caribbean island of Saint Martin in 2013, the infection has been reported within the Caribbean region as well as North, Central and South America. The risk of autochthonous transmission of chikungunya virus becoming established in Spain may be elevated due to the large numbers of travellers returning to Spain from countries affected by the 2013 epidemic in the Caribbean and South America, as well as the existence of the Aedes albopictus vector in certain parts of Spain. We retrospectively analysed the laboratory diagnostic database of the National Centre for Microbiology, Institute of Health Carlos III (CNM-ISCIII) from 2008 to 2014. During the study period, 264 confirmed cases, of 1,371 suspected cases, were diagnosed at the CNM-ISCIII. In 2014 alone, there were 234 confirmed cases. The highest number of confirmed cases were reported from the Dominican Republic (n = 136), Venezuela (n = 30) and Haiti (n = 11). Six cases were viraemic in areas of Spain where the vector is present. This report highlights the need for integrated active case and vector surveillance in Spain and other parts of Europe where chikungunya virus may be introduced by returning travellers.
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Palacios S, Cancelo MJ, Castelo Branco C, Llaneza P, Molero F, Borrego RS. Vulvar and vaginal atrophy as viewed by the Spanish REVIVE participants: symptoms, management and treatment perceptions. Climacteric 2017; 20:55-61. [DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2016.1262840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Palacios
- Instituto Palacios de Salud y Medicina de la Mujer, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. J. Cancelo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain
| | - C. Castelo Branco
- Clinic Institute of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P. Llaneza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - F. Molero
- Institut de Sexologia de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Serre N, Franco L, Sulleiro E, Rubio JM, Zarzuela F, Molero F, Tenorio A. Concurrent Infection With Dengue Type 4 and Plasmodium falciparum Acquired in Haiti. J Travel Med 2015. [PMID: 26212051 DOI: 10.1111/jtm.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report one laboratory-confirmed coinfection by dengue type 4 and Plasmodium falciparum imported to Spain from Haiti. Diagnosis was made by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), serology, quantitative buffy coat, and thick blood smear. In areas where both infections are present, diagnosis of both diseases should be considered because a delay in the treatment of malaria could be fatal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Serre
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and International Health Unit Drassanes-Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leticia Franco
- Department of Arbovirus and Imported Viral Diseases, National Center for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Sulleiro
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Rubio
- Department of Arbovirus and Imported Viral Diseases, National Center for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Zarzuela
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisca Molero
- Department of Arbovirus and Imported Viral Diseases, National Center for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Tenorio
- Department of Arbovirus and Imported Viral Diseases, National Center for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Franco L, Pagan I, Serre Del Cor N, Schunk M, Neumayr A, Molero F, Potente A, Hatz C, Wilder-Smith A, Sánchez-Seco MP, Tenorio A. Molecular epidemiology suggests Venezuela as the origin of the dengue outbreak in Madeira, Portugal in 2012-2013. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21:713.e5-8. [PMID: 25843502 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An explosive epidemic occurred in Madeira Island (Portugal) from October 2012 to February 2013. Published data showed that dengue virus type 1 introduced from South America was the incriminated virus. We aim to determine the origin of the strain introduced to Madeira by travellers returning to Europe. Using phylogeographic analysis and complete envelope sequences we have demonstrated that the most probable origin of the strain is Venezuela.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Franco
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
| | - I Pagan
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA), Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Serre Del Cor
- Centro de Asistencia Primaria Drassanes, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Schunk
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Tropical Medicine, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A Neumayr
- Medical and Diagnostic Service Department, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - F Molero
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Potente
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Hatz
- Medical and Diagnostic Service Department, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Wilder-Smith
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M P Sánchez-Seco
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Tenorio
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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10
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Bartolucci C, Gómez-Gil E, Salamero M, Esteva I, Guillamón A, Zubiaurre L, Molero F, Montejo AL. Sexual quality of life in gender-dysphoric adults before genital sex reassignment surgery. J Sex Med 2014; 12:180-8. [PMID: 25401972 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although there is literature on sexuality in gender dysphoria, few studies have been done prior to genital sex reassignment surgery (SRS). AIMS To evaluate the perception of sexual QoL in gender-dysphoric patients before genital SRS and the possible factors associated to this perception. METHODS The final sample consisted of 67 male-to-female and 36 female-to-male gender-dysphoric adults consecutively attended in a gender unit who had not undergone genital SRS; 39.8% was receiving cross-sex hormonal treatment, and 30.1% had undergone breast augmentation or reduction. Sexual QoL was assessed using the sexual activity facet of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-100. Sociodemographic (age, gender, partner relationship) and clinical data (being on hormonal treatment and having undergone any breast surgery) were recorded from the clinical records. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the negative feelings facet of the WHOQOL-100. Personality was assessed using the Revised NEO-Five Factor Inventory. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Sexual QoL, negative feelings, hormonal treatment, partner relationship, personality. RESULTS The mean score of the sexual facet was 10.01 (standard deviation = 4.09). More than 50% of patients rated their sexual life as "poor/dissatisfied" or "very poor/very dissatisfied," around a quarter rated it as "good/satisfied" or "very good/very satisfied," and the rest had a neutral perception. Three variables were significantly associated with a better sexual QoL: less negative feelings (β = -0.356; P < 0.001), being on hormonal treatment (β = 0.216; P = 0.018), and having a partner (β = 0.206; P = 0.022). Age, sex, having undergone some breast surgery, and personality factors were not associated with their perception. CONCLUSION This study indicates that before genital SRS, about half of gender-dysphoric subjects perceived their sexual life as "poor/dissatisfied" or "very poor/very dissatisfied." Moreover, receiving hormonal treatment, low negative feelings, and having a partner are related to a better subjective perception of sexual QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Bartolucci
- Institute Clinic of Neurosciences, Gender Unit of Catalonia, I.D.I.B.A.P.S., Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Fuster-RuizdeApodaca MJ, Molero F, Gil de Montes L, Agirrezabal A, Toledo J, Jaen A. Evolution of HIV-related stigma in Spain between 2008 and 2012. AIDS Care 2014; 26 Suppl 1:S41-5. [PMID: 24720687 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2014.906557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To analyze the temporal evolution of HIV-related stigma in Spain between 2008 and 2012. We interviewed a representative sample of the Spanish population (N = 1619) through computer-assisted telephone interviews. The survey measures diverse facets of stigma and other-related variables. We compared the data of the 2012 survey with the result of the survey carried out in 2008. The degree of discomfort concerning people with HIV decreased significantly in 2012. Avoidance intention, negative feelings, the number of people who agreed with the implementation of harsh discriminatory policies, and the number of people who blame people with HIV were also lower in 2012. However, there are still misconceptions about HIV transmission. Attitudes of the Spanish population toward people with HIV have improved in the last four years. However, some attitudes and beliefs still need to be changed.
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12
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Sanchez-Borrego R, Molero F, Castaño R, Castelo-Branco C, Honrado M, Jurado AR, Laforet E, Prieto R, Cabello F, Larrazabal M, Sánchez F, Florido J, Mendoza N. Spanish consensus on sexual health in men and women over 50. Maturitas 2014; 78:138-45. [PMID: 24713452 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2014.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sexual health has been defined as "the state of physical, emotional and social wellbeing related to sexuality. However, there are medical, psychological and social reasons that complicate full sexual health that are frequently not attended to sufficiently. The objective of this guide will be to analyze the factors that impact the sexual health of men and women over 50 and to provide recommendations for the most appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic measures for this age group. A panel of experts from various Spanish scientific societies related to sexual health (Spanish Menopause Society, SMS; Asociación Española de Andrología, Medicina Sexual y Reproductiva, ASESA; Federación Española de Sociedades de Sexología, FESS; and Sociedad Española de Médicos de Atención Primaria SEMERGEN) met to reach a consensus on these issues and to decide the optimal timing and methods based on the best evidence available.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisca Molero
- University of Granada, Obstetric and Gynecologic, Maestro Montero, 21, Granada, Spain
| | - Rosario Castaño
- University of Granada, Obstetric and Gynecologic, Maestro Montero, 21, Granada, Spain
| | - Camil Castelo-Branco
- University of Granada, Obstetric and Gynecologic, Maestro Montero, 21, Granada, Spain
| | - Manel Honrado
- University of Granada, Obstetric and Gynecologic, Maestro Montero, 21, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Rosa Jurado
- University of Granada, Obstetric and Gynecologic, Maestro Montero, 21, Granada, Spain
| | - Encarna Laforet
- University of Granada, Obstetric and Gynecologic, Maestro Montero, 21, Granada, Spain
| | - Rafael Prieto
- University of Granada, Obstetric and Gynecologic, Maestro Montero, 21, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Cabello
- University of Granada, Obstetric and Gynecologic, Maestro Montero, 21, Granada, Spain
| | - Miren Larrazabal
- University of Granada, Obstetric and Gynecologic, Maestro Montero, 21, Granada, Spain
| | - Froilán Sánchez
- University of Granada, Obstetric and Gynecologic, Maestro Montero, 21, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Florido
- University of Granada, Obstetric and Gynecologic, Maestro Montero, 21, Granada, Spain
| | - Nicolas Mendoza
- University of Granada, Obstetric and Gynecologic, Maestro Montero, 21, Granada, Spain.
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13
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Vázquez A, Sánchez-Seco MP, Palacios G, Molero F, Reyes N, Ruiz S, Aranda C, Marqués E, Escosa R, Moreno J, Figuerola J, Tenorio A. Novel flaviviruses detected in different species of mosquitoes in Spain. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2011; 12:223-9. [PMID: 22022811 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2011.0687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the characterization of three novel flaviviruses isolated in Spain. Marisma Mosquito virus, a novel mosquito borne virus, was isolated from Ochlerotatus caspius mosquitoes; Spanish Ochlerotatus flavivirus and Spanish Culex flavivirus, two novel insect flaviviruses, were isolated from Oc. caspius and Culex pipiens, respectively. During this investigation, we designed a sensitive RT-nested polymerase chain reaction method that amplifies a 1019bp fragment of the flavivirus NS5 gene and could be directly used in clinical or environmental samples for flavivirus characterization and surveillance. Analysis of the sequence generated from that amplicon contains enough phylogenetic information for proper taxonomic studies. Moreover, the use of this tool allowed the detection of additional flavivirus DNA forms in Culex, Culiseta, and Ochlerotatus mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vázquez
- Laboratory of Arboviruses and Imported Viral Diseases, National Center for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III-ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Negredo A, Palacios G, Vázquez-Morón S, González F, Dopazo H, Molero F, Juste J, Quetglas J, Savji N, de la Cruz Martínez M, Herrera JE, Pizarro M, Hutchison SK, Echevarría JE, Lipkin WI, Tenorio A. Discovery of an ebolavirus-like filovirus in europe. PLoS Pathog 2011; 7:e1002304. [PMID: 22039362 PMCID: PMC3197594 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Filoviruses, amongst the most lethal of primate pathogens, have only been reported as natural infections in sub-Saharan Africa and the Philippines. Infections of bats with the ebolaviruses and marburgviruses do not appear to be associated with disease. Here we report identification in dead insectivorous bats of a genetically distinct filovirus, provisionally named Lloviu virus, after the site of detection, Cueva del Lloviu, in Spain. A novel filovirus, provisionally named Lloviu virus (LLOV), was detected during the investigation of Miniopterus schreibersii die-offs in Cueva del Lloviu in southern Europe. LLOV is genetically distinct from other marburgviruses and ebolaviruses and is the first filovirus detected in Europe that was not imported from an endemic area in Africa. Filoviruses, amongst the most lethal of primate pathogens, have only been reported as natural infections in sub-Saharan Africa and the Philippines. Infections of bats with the ebolaviruses and marburgviruses do not appear to be associated with disease. Here we report identification of genetically distinct filovirus in dead insectivorous bats in caves in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Negredo
- National Center of Microbiology, (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo Palacios
- Center for Infection and Immunity, and WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnostics, Surveillance and Immunotherapeutics for Emerging Infectious and Zoonotic Diseases, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Félix González
- Grupo Asturiano para el Estudio y Conservacion de los Murciélagos, Posada de Llanera, Principado de Asturias, Spain
| | - Hernán Dopazo
- Evolutionary Genomics Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Javier Juste
- Evolutionary Biology Unit, Estación Biológica Doñana (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan Quetglas
- Evolutionary Biology Unit, Estación Biológica Doñana (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Nazir Savji
- Center for Infection and Immunity, and WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnostics, Surveillance and Immunotherapeutics for Emerging Infectious and Zoonotic Diseases, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Jesus Enrique Herrera
- Center for Infection and Immunity, and WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnostics, Surveillance and Immunotherapeutics for Emerging Infectious and Zoonotic Diseases, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Manuel Pizarro
- Service of Pathology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Veterinary School, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - W. Ian Lipkin
- Center for Infection and Immunity, and WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnostics, Surveillance and Immunotherapeutics for Emerging Infectious and Zoonotic Diseases, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
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15
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Vázquez A, Ruiz S, Herrero L, Moreno J, Molero F, Magallanes A, Sánchez-Seco MP, Figuerola J, Tenorio A. West Nile and Usutu viruses in mosquitoes in Spain, 2008-2009. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011; 85:178-81. [PMID: 21734145 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
West Nile virus lineage 1 (similar to the strains obtained from golden eagles in Spain, 2007) and Usutu virus (similar to the strains obtained from Culex pipiens in Spain, 2006) were detected in pools from Culex perexiguus collected in southern Spain in 2008 and 2009, respectively. This is the first detection and isolation of West Nile virus lineage 1 from mosquitoes in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vázquez
- CNM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.
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16
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Sánchez-Seco MP, Vázquez A, Collao X, Hernández L, Aranda C, Ruiz S, Escosa R, Marqués E, Bustillo MA, Molero F, Tenorio A. Surveillance of arboviruses in Spanish wetlands: detection of new flavi- and phleboviruses. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2010; 10:203-6. [PMID: 19485777 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2008.0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of viruses in arthropods in Spain has been studied over 5 years. Flaviviruses similar to cell-fusing agent, sequences of a flavivirus related to those transmitted by mosquitoes, and a phlebovirus similar to Naples and Toscana viruses were detected. Their potential human or animal pathogenicity should be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Paz Sánchez-Seco
- Unit of Alert and Emergency, Laboratory of Arboviruses and Imported Viral Diseases, National Center for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Vazquez A, Sanchez-Seco MP, Ruiz S, Molero F, Hernandez L, Moreno J, Magallanes A, Tejedor CG, Tenorio A. Putative new lineage of west nile virus, Spain. Emerg Infect Dis 2010; 16:549-52. [PMID: 20202444 PMCID: PMC3322021 DOI: 10.3201/eid1603.091033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To ascertain the presence of West Nile virus (WNV), we sampled mosquitoes in 2006 in locations in southern Spain where humans had been infected. WNV genomic RNA was detected in 1 pool from unfed female Culex pipiens mosquitoes. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that this sequence cannot be assigned to previously described lineages of WNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vazquez
- Centro Nacional de Microbiologia-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.
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18
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Fedele CG, Negredo A, Molero F, Sánchez-Seco MP, Tenorio A. Use of internally controlled real-time genome amplification for detection of variola virus and other orthopoxviruses infecting humans. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44:4464-70. [PMID: 17065259 PMCID: PMC1698395 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00276-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Smallpox, once a devastating disease caused by Variola virus, a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus, was eradicated in 1980. However, the importance of variola virus infections has been stressed widely in the last few years, particularly following recent social events in the world. Today, variola virus is considered to be one of the most significant agents with potential use as a biological weapon. In this study we developed an internally controlled real-time PCR assay for rapid detection and simultaneous differentiation of variola virus from other orthopoxviruses. The assay is based on TaqMan 3'-minor groove binder (MGB) chemistry and uses generic primers, designed in highly conserved genomic regions of the crmB gene, and three TaqMan MGB probes designed to identify orthopoxviruses, variola virus, and an internal control. The results obtained suggest that the assay is rapid, sensitive, specific, and suitable for the generic detection of orthopoxviruses and the identification of variola virus and avoids false-negative results in a single reaction tube.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Fedele
- Alerts and Emergencies Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Pozuelo Majadahonda Km 2, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
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19
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Yuste J, Jado I, Giménez MJ, Aguilar L, Molero F, Fenoll A, Casal J. Modification of bacteraemia by specific antibodies and relation with mortality in a pneumococcal mouse sepsis model. Clin Exp Immunol 2002; 128:411-5. [PMID: 12067294 PMCID: PMC1906260 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01860.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2002] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between mortality and the bacteraemic profile was investigated in a pneumococcal (serotype 6B) sepsis BALB/c mouse model where animals received protection by specific hyperimmune serum. A single intraperitoneal dose of hyperimmune serum obtained from mice immunized with the heat-inactivated strain was administered (non-diluted or diluted to 1/4 or to 1/16) to 5-mice study groups 1 h prior to intraperitoneal inoculation with the infective inoculum (3.57 x 108 cfu/ml). Blood cultures were performed daily over 15 days, with 8 microl of blood being collected from the tail vein; the samples were resuspended in Todd-Hewitt broth containing 10% trisodium citrate and plated onto blood agar for colony counting. Animals included in the control group received placebo (PBS). Mortality was 100% in control animals within the first 48 h. Hyperimmune serum decreased and delayed mortality in a dose-related trend, producing 100%, 80%, 60% and 40% survival rates at 72, 96, 144 and 360 h, with non-diluted serum. Bacteraemic profiles with maximum colony counts > or =5 x 107 cfu/ml in blood during the follow-up period were related to > or =65% probability of death, regardless of the serum dilution administered.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yuste
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
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20
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González C, Gómez C, Molero F, Fernández-Alfonso MS. The upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme during neointima formation does not have functional consequences. Life Sci 2001; 69:1851-60. [PMID: 11693265 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01265-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze if the upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme and AT1 receptors observed in a model of neointima formation results in increased contractions to angiotensin I (AI) and AII. Endothelial denudation was performed in left common carotid arteries of 3-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were killed at days 0, 4, 8 and 14 after injury and vascular reactivity was assessed in an organ bath. Responses were always compared with their contralateral vessels as a control. Contractile responses to 75 mM KCl were similar between groups. Noradrenaline (0.1 microM) induced significantly higher contractions at days 0 and 4. Relaxation to acetylcholine (Ach) (1 nM to 0.1 mM) was suppressed at day 0 and increased with time after injury. Relaxations to sodium nitroprusside (0.1 nM to 0.1 mM) were similar at all time points studied. Responses to AI and AII were increased at early steps of neointima formation and decreased with time after injury correlating with increased responses to Ach. Concentration-response curves to AI and AII had similar EC50 or Emax values at the same time points. These results indicate that in the rat i) neointima formation does not impair contractile responses to KCl nor relaxation to SNP, ii) a functional endothelium seems to regenerate with time after injury, and iii) the increase in ACE activity and AT1 receptor number does not have functional consequences.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylcholine/pharmacology
- Angiotensin I/pharmacology
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Carotid Artery, Common/drug effects
- Carotid Artery, Common/physiology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- In Vitro Techniques
- Male
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle Contraction/physiology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology
- Nitroprusside/pharmacology
- Norepinephrine/pharmacology
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism
- Potassium Chloride/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
- Receptors, Angiotensin/metabolism
- Tunica Intima/drug effects
- Tunica Intima/enzymology
- Tunica Intima/growth & development
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- C González
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
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21
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine whether the adventitia of large arteries modulates vascular function. We developed a method to obtain functional vascular rings devoid of adventitia. Carotid and iliac arteries from 3-mo-old Sprague-Dawley rats were denuded from adventitia after treatment with collagenase followed by gentle peeling. Adventitia removal and integrity of the media was demonstrated by optical and confocal microscopy. Arterial rings with or without adventitia and with or without endothelium were mounted in an organ bath for isometric tension recording. Responses to 75 mM KCl or norepinephrine (0.1 nM–1 μM) were significantly reduced in segments without adventitia. Acetylcholine-induced relaxation (0.1 μM–0.1 mM) was enhanced in arteries without adventitia, whereas sodium nitroprusside-induced responses were not modified. These results demonstrate that the combination of stripping with a previous collagenase treatment allows us to obtain functional rings devoid of adventitia and that this layer plays a role in contractile capacity and in endothelium-modulated responses.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylcholine/pharmacology
- Animals
- Carotid Arteries/drug effects
- Carotid Arteries/physiology
- Collagenases/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiology
- Iliac Artery/drug effects
- Iliac Artery/physiology
- In Vitro Techniques
- Isometric Contraction/drug effects
- Isometric Contraction/physiology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology
- Nitroprusside/pharmacology
- Norepinephrine/pharmacology
- Potassium Chloride/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
- Vasoconstriction/physiology
- Vasoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology
- Vasodilation/drug effects
- Vasodilation/physiology
- Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- M C González
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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