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Carvallo C, Ramos-Henderson M. Trail making test - black & white (TMT B&W): Normative study for the Chilean population. J Neuropsychol 2024. [PMID: 38676338 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The trailmaking test (TMT) has an educational bias that makes it inapplicable to people with low levels of education due to its dependence on the alphabet. The TMT standardization is the only one available in Chile, and there is a need for alternative ways of using the TMT that do not depend on the level of education for its applicability. To determine the normative scores of the TMT - black & white (TMT B&W), considering sociodemographic factors in adult and elderly Chilean population. A total sample of 227 participants (133 healthy, 94 cognitively impaired) from the Ageing Mets cohort were recruited from three areas in Chile (Antofagasta, Santiago, and Puerto Montt). The TMT B&W was administered to all participants. A multiple regression model was used to generate normative data only in the cognitively healthy group, considering the effect of age, education and sex. A significant effect of age was found in the score of the TMT B&W Parts A and B. The level of education influenced the part B of the test; however, the completion rate of the TMT B&W parts A and B was over 90% in cognitively healthy people. Norms for the number of errors were obtained, and differences between groups were found after controlling for the effect of age and education. This study is the first to provide normative data for the Chilean version of the TMT B&W and will benefit clinical neuropsychologists by improving the procedures for more accurately assessing executive functions and its impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Carvallo
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Gerontología Aplicada CIGAP, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Miguel Ramos-Henderson
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Gerontología Aplicada CIGAP, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Antofagasta, Chile
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Escuela de Psicología, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
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Pupillo F, Düzel S, Kühn S, Lindenberger U, Shing YL. Deficits in memory metacognitive efficiency in late adulthood are related to distinct brain profile. Memory 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38635864 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2024.2341711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The tendency of falsely remembering events that did not happen in the past increases with age. This is particularly evident in cases in which features presented at study are re-presented at test in a recombined constellation (termed rearranged pairs). Interestingly, older adults also express high confidence in such false memories, a tendency that may indicate reduced metacognitive efficiency. Within an existing cohort study, we aimed at investigating age-related differences in memory metacognitive efficiency (as measured by meta d' ratio) in a sample of 1522 older adults and 397 young adults. The analysis showed an age-related deficit in metacognition which was more pronounced for rearranged pairs than for new pairs. We then explored associations between cortical thickness and memory metacognitive efficiency for rearranged pairs in a subsample of 231 older adults. By using partial least square analysis, we found that a multivariate profile composed by ventromedial prefrontal cortex, insula, and parahippocampal cortex was uniquely associated with between-person differences in memory metacognitive efficiency. These results suggest that the impairment in memory metacognitive efficiency for false alarms is a distinct age-related deficit, above and beyond a general age-related decline in memory discrimination, and that it is associated with brain regions involved in metacognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pupillo
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- TS Social and Behavioural Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Sandra Düzel
- Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center @Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Kühn
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, German
- Lise-Meitner Group for Environmental Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, German
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yee Lee Shing
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- IDeA Center for Individual Development and Adaptive Education, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Li Z, Sang F, Zhang Z, Li X. Effect of the duration of hypertension on white matter structure and its link with cognition. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:580-594. [PMID: 37950676 PMCID: PMC10981405 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231214073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
The relation between hypertension (HTN) and cognition has been reported inclusive results, which may be affected by disease duration. Our study aimed to examine the influence of HTN duration on cognition and its underlying white matter (WM) changes including macrostructural WM hyperintensities (WMH) and microstructural WM integrity. A total of 1218 patients aged ≥55 years with neuropsychological assessment and a subgroup of 233 people with imaging data were recruited and divided into 3 groups (short duration: <5 years, medium duration: 5-20 years, long duration: >20 years). We found that greater HTN duration was preferentially related to worse executive function (EF), processing speed (PS), and more severe WMH, which became more significant during long duration stage. The reductions in WM integrity were evident at the early stage especially in long-range association fibers and then scattered through the whole brain. Increasing WMH and decreasing integrity of specific tracts consistently undermined EF. Furthermore, free water imaging method greatly enhanced the sensitivity in detecting HTN-related WM alterations. These findings supported that the neurological damaging effects of HTN is cumulative and neuroimaging markers of WM at macro- and microstructural level underlie the progressive effect of HTN on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Fu X, Sun P, Zhang X, Zhu D, Qin Q, Lu J, Wang J. GABA in the anterior cingulate cortex mediates the association of white matter hyperintensities with executive function: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:4282-4298. [PMID: 38441529 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
White matter hyperintensities (WMH) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are associated with executive function. Multiple studies suggested cortical alterations mediate WMH-related cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to investigate the crucial role of cortical GABA in the WMH patients. In the 87 WMH patients (46 mild and 41 moderate to severe) examined in this study, GABA levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) assessed by the Meshcher-Garwood point resolved spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) sequence, WMH volume and executive function were compared between the two groups. Partial correlation and mediation analyses were carried out to examine the GABA levels in mediating the association between WMH volume and executive function. Patients with moderate to severe WMH had lower GABA+/Cr in the ACC (p = 0.034) and worse executive function (p = 0.004) than mild WMH patients. In all WMH cases, the GABA+/Cr levels in the ACC mediated the negative correlation between WMH and executive function (ab: effect = -0.020, BootSE = 0.010, 95% CI: -0.042 to -0.004). This finding suggested GABA+/Cr levels in the ACC might serve as a protective factor or potential target for preventing the occurrence and progression of executive function decline in WMH people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Fu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Clinical and Technical Support, Philips Healthcare, Beijing 100600, China
| | - Xinli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dongyong Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qian Qin
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jue Lu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430030, China
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Farkhani S, Demnitz N, Boraxbekk CJ, Lundell H, Siebner HR, Petersen ET, Madsen KH. End-to-end volumetric segmentation of white matter hyperintensities using deep learning. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 245:108008. [PMID: 38290291 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2024.108008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Reliable detection of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) is crucial for studying the impact of diffuse white-matter pathology on brain health and monitoring changes in WMH load over time. However, manual annotation of 3D high-dimensional neuroimages is laborious and can be prone to biases and errors in the annotation procedure. In this study, we evaluate the performance of deep learning (DL) segmentation tools and propose a novel volumetric segmentation model incorporating self-attention via a transformer-based architecture. Ultimately, we aim to evaluate diverse factors that influence WMH segmentation, aiming for a comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art algorithms in a broader context. METHODS We trained state-of-the-art DL algorithms, and incorporated advanced attention mechanisms, using structural fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) image acquisitions. The anatomical MRI data utilized for model training was obtained from healthy individuals aged 62-70 years in the Live active Successful Aging (LISA) project. Given the potential sparsity of lesion volume among healthy aging individuals, we explored the impact of incorporating a weighted loss function and ensemble models. To assess the generalizability of the studied DL models, we applied the trained algorithm to an independent subset of data sourced from the MICCAI WMH challenge (MWSC). Notably, this subset had vastly different acquisition parameters compared to the LISA dataset used for training. RESULTS Consistently, DL approaches exhibited commendable segmentation performance, achieving the level of inter-rater agreement comparable to expert performance, ensuring superior quality segmentation outcomes. On the out of sample dataset, the ensemble models exhibited the most outstanding performance. CONCLUSIONS DL methods generally surpassed conventional approaches in our study. While all DL methods performed comparably, incorporating attention mechanisms could prove advantageous in future applications with a wider availability of training data. As expected, our experiments indicate that the use of ensemble-based models enables the superior generalization in out-of-distribution settings. We believe that introducing DL methods in the WHM annotation workflow in heathy aging cohorts is promising, not only for reducing the annotation time required, but also for eventually improving accuracy and robustness via incorporating the automatic segmentations in the evaluation procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Farkhani
- Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Kattegaard Alle 30, Hvidovre, Denmark.
| | - Naiara Demnitz
- Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Kattegaard Alle 30, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Carl-Johan Boraxbekk
- Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Kattegaard Alle 30, Hvidovre, Denmark; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen (ISMC), Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Lundell
- Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Kattegaard Alle 30, Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hartwig Roman Siebner
- Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Kattegaard Alle 30, Hvidovre, Denmark; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Esben Thade Petersen
- Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Kattegaard Alle 30, Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Hougaard Madsen
- Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Kattegaard Alle 30, Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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Smith AL, Berry A, Brubaker L, Cunningham SD, Gahagan S, Low LK, Mueller M, Sutcliffe S, Williams BR, Brady SS. The brain, gut, and bladder health nexus: A conceptual model linking stress and mental health disorders to overactive bladder in women. Neurourol Urodyn 2024; 43:424-436. [PMID: 38078701 PMCID: PMC10872494 DOI: 10.1002/nau.25356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A small, but growing literature links stressors and mental health disorders (MHDs) across the life course to overactive bladder (OAB) and urinary incontinence symptoms. Mechanisms by which stressors and MHDs may impact bladder health are not fully understood, limiting novel prevention and treatment efforts. Moreover, potential biopsychosocial mechanisms involving the brain and gut have not been considered in an integrated, comprehensive fashion. METHODS Members of the prevention of lower urinary tract symptoms Research Consortium developed conceptual models to inform research on biopsychosocial mechanisms through which stress and MDHs may impact bladder health among girls and women, focusing on brain and gut physiology. RESULTS Two conceptual models were developed-one to explain central (brain-based) and peripheral (gut-based) mechanisms linking stressors and MHDs to OAB and bladder health, and one to highlight bidirectional communication between the brain, gut, and bladder. Traumatic events, chronic stressors, and MHDs may lead to a maladaptive stress response, including dysregulated communication and signaling between the brain, gut, and bladder. Gut bacteria produce molecules and metabolites that alter production of neurotransmitters, amino acids, short-chain fatty acids, and inflammatory immune response molecules that mediate communication between the gut and brain. Microbiota signal neurogenesis, microglia maturation, and synaptic pruning; they also calibrate brain-gut-bladder axis communication through neurotransmission and synaptogenesis, potentially influencing bladder symptom development. Life course trajectories of risk may be prevented or interrupted by central and peripheral resources for neuropsychological resilience. CONCLUSIONS Depicted pathways, including brain-gut-bladder communication, have implications for research and development of novel prevention and treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana L. Smith
- Division of Urology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Amanda Berry
- Division of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Linda Brubaker
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, UC San Diego School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Shayna D. Cunningham
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Sheila Gahagan
- Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego CA
| | - Lisa Kane Low
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan
| | - Margaret Mueller
- Department of Ob/Gyn, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Siobhan Sutcliffe
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Beverly R. Williams
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) and Birmingham/Atlanta Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs
| | - Sonya S. Brady
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN
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Iverson GL, Gaudet CE, Kissinger-Knox A, Karr JE. Normative Reference Values for Crystallized-Fluid Discrepancy Scores for the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2023; 38:608-618. [PMID: 36225110 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acac076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to translate NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) Crystallized-Fluid discrepancy scores into research and clinical practice with adults by providing normative data for discrepancy scores for both age-adjusted standard scores (SSs) and demographically adjusted T-scores. METHOD We included adult participants from the NIHTB-CB standardization sample who denied having neurodevelopmental, medical, psychiatric, or neurological conditions (n = 730; M = 47.4 years old, SD = 17.6, range: 18-85; 64.4% women; 63.1% White). Descriptive statistics were calculated for the Fluid and Crystallized composite scores and Crystallized-Fluid discrepancy score, along with correlations between the composite scores and reliability estimates of the discrepancy score. Percentiles were calculated for the discrepancy score, with stratifications by the gender, education, and Crystallized composite for the age-adjusted SSs and demographically adjusted T-scores (T). RESULTS Crystallized-Fluid discrepancy scores ranged from -40 to 44 (M = -0.63, SD = 14.89, Mdn = -1, interquartile range [IQR]: -11 to 10) for age-adjusted SSs and from -29 to 27 (M = -0.39, SD = 10.49, Mdn = -1, IQR = -8 to 7) for demographically adjusted T-scores. Crystallized-Fluid discrepancy scores of SS = 15 and T = 11 were at the 16th percentile (1 SD below the mean) and discrepancy scores of SS = 21 and T = 15 were at the 7th percentile (1.5 SD below the mean). CONCLUSIONS Crystallized-Fluid discrepancy scores may be, with future research, a useful within-person interpretive approach for detecting a decline from pre-injury or pre-disease levels of cognitive functioning. These normative reference values assist clinicians and researchers in determining the frequency at which given Crystallized-Fluid discrepancy scores occurred among healthy adults in the normative sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant L Iverson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Spaulding Rehabilitation Institute, Charlestown, MA, USA
- MassGeneral Hospital for Children Sports Concussion Program, Boston, MA, USA
- Home Base, A Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Program, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Charles E Gaudet
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Spaulding Rehabilitation Institute, Charlestown, MA, USA
- MassGeneral Hospital for Children Sports Concussion Program, Boston, MA, USA
- Home Base, A Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Program, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Alicia Kissinger-Knox
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Spaulding Rehabilitation Institute, Charlestown, MA, USA
- MassGeneral Hospital for Children Sports Concussion Program, Boston, MA, USA
- Home Base, A Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Program, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Justin E Karr
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Li Z, Wang W, Sang F, Zhang Z, Li X. White matter changes underlie hypertension-related cognitive decline in older adults. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 38:103389. [PMID: 37004321 PMCID: PMC10102561 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension has been well recognized as a risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia. Although the underlying mechanisms of hypertension-affected cognitive deterioration are not fully understood, white matter changes (WMCs) seem to play an important role. WMCs include low microstructural integrity and subsequent white matter macrostructural lesions, which are common on brain imaging in hypertensive patients and are critical for multiple cognitive domains. This article provides an overview of the impact of hypertension on white matter microstructural and macrostructural changes and its link to cognitive dysfunction. Hypertension may induce microstructural changes in white matter, especially for the long-range fibers such as anterior thalamic radiation (ATR) and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), and then macrostructural abnormalities affecting different lobes, especially the periventricular area. Different regions' WMCs would further exert different effects to specific cognitive domains and accelerate brain aging. As a modifiable risk factor, hypertension might provide a new perspective for alleviating and delaying cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Feng Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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Fellows RP, Bangen KJ, Graves LV, Delano-Wood L, Bondi MW. Pathological functional impairment: Neuropsychological correlates of the shared variance between everyday functioning and brain volumetrics. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:952145. [PMID: 36620766 PMCID: PMC9816390 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.952145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Given that several non-cognitive factors can contribute to difficulties with everyday functioning, examining the extent to which cognition is associated with brain-related changes in everyday functioning is critical to accurate characterization of cognitive disorders. In this study, we examined neuropsychological correlates of the shared variance between everyday functioning and pathological indicators of cognitive aging using MRI brain volumetrics. Participants and methods Participants were 600 adults aged 55 and older without dementia [432 cognitively normal; 168 mild cognitive impairment (MCI)] from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center cohort who underwent neuropsychological testing, informant-rated everyday functioning, and brain MRI scanning at baseline. The shared variance between everyday functioning and brain volumetrics (i.e., hippocampal volume, white matter hyperintensity volume) was extracted using the predicted value from multiple regression. The shared variance was used as an indicator of pathological everyday functional impairment. The residual variance from the regression analysis was used to examine functional reserve. Results Larger white matter hyperintensity volumes (p = 0.002) and smaller hippocampal volumes (p < 0.001) were significantly correlated with worse informant-rated everyday functioning. Among individuals with MCI, worse performances on delayed recall (p = 0.013) and category fluency (p = 0.012) were significantly correlated with pathological functional impairment in multiple regression analysis. In the cognitively normal group, only worse auditory working memory (i.e., digit span backward; p = 0.025) significantly correlated with pathological functioning. Functional reserve was inversely related to anxiety (p < 0.001) in the MCI group and was associated with depressive symptoms (p = 0.003) and apathy (p < 0.001) in the cognitively normal group. Conclusion Subtle brain-related everyday functioning difficulties are evident in MCI and track with expected preclinical Alzheimer's disease cognitive phenotypes in this largely amnestic sample. Our findings indicate that functional changes occur early in the disease process and that interventions to target neuropsychiatric symptoms may help to bolster functional reserve in those at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P. Fellows
- Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Robert P. Fellows, ✉
| | - Katherine J. Bangen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States,Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Lisa V. Graves
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Marcos, CA, United States
| | - Lisa Delano-Wood
- Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Mark W. Bondi
- Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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10
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Zhào H, Teulings HL, Xia C, Huang Y. Aged Patients With Severe Small Vessel Disease Exhibit Poor Bimanual Coordination During the Anti-Phase Horizontal Line Drawing Task. Percept Mot Skills 2022; 130:750-769. [PMID: 36562499 DOI: 10.1177/00315125221146230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study explores whether SVD affects bimanual coordination, which is easier to detect than by conventional, MRI-based methods. We tested nine severe SVD patients, eight non-severe (i.e., moderate or mild) SVD patients, eleven healthy age-matched controls, and eight young adults. They were grouped according to Fazekas scale and by age. Participants performed horizontal line drawings with both hands simultaneously on two pen tablets. The movements consisted of rhythmic patterns where participants used both hands to draw horizontal lines in anti-phase on two pen tablets. Each participant underwent a series of neuropsychiatric assessments. Results showed that SVD patients exhibited in each hand smaller horizontal movement amplitudes with variability larger compared to the healthy age-matched controls. Only movement amplitudes appeared to decrease significantly with severity of SVD. Interestingly, we found no relevant differences between the age-matched, elderly controls and the young controls. Therefore, this effect appeared indicative of SVD. The variability of the lines orthogonal to the horizontal lines of the left, non-dominant hand differed only between the severe SVD group and the other groups. Furthermore, partial correlations demonstrated that the mean horizontal movement amplitude of the left hand was positively associated with the clock drawing test score, and the inter-manual asynchrony of the horizontal movements was positively associated with the Trail Making Test-B time. These results indicated that SVD patients show poor bimanual coordination, as reflected by spatial features such as movement amplitudes and variabilities, and abnormal bimanual coordination was associated with executive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hóngyi Zhào
- Department of Neurology, 617516The Seventh Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, NO 984 Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | | | - Cuiqiao Xia
- Department of Neurology, 617516The Seventh Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Huang
- Department of Neurology, 617516The Seventh Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Migeot J, Calivar M, Granchetti H, Ibáñez A, Fittipaldi S. Socioeconomic status impacts cognitive and socioemotional processes in healthy ageing. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6048. [PMID: 35410333 PMCID: PMC9001669 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09580-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Socioeconomic status (SES) negatively impacts cognitive and executive functioning in older adults, yet its effects on socioemotional abilities have not been studied in this population. Also, evidence on neurocognitive processes associated with ageing primarily comes from Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) populations, hindering the generalization of findings to persons from upper-middle- and low-middle-income countries, such as those of Latin America. Here, we compared the performance of low- and high-SES older adults from Argentina in cognitive state, executive functions, social cognition (emotion recognition and theory of mind), and counter-empathic social emotions (envy and Schadenfreude; displeasure at others' fortune and pleasure at others' misfortune, respectively). Subsequently, we developed a path analysis to test the relationship among those variables in a theoretically plausible model and tested the main paths via multiple regression analyses. Relative to the high-SES group, low-SES older adults showed poorer performance on all assessed domains. Convergent evidence from covariance analysis, path analysis, and linear regressions suggested that low-SES impact on socioemotional processes was not primary but mediated by cognitive and executive impairment. These findings offer the first characterization of SES impacts on cognitive and socioemotional processes in a non-WEIRD population and have relevant equity-related implications for brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Migeot
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Mariela Calivar
- Centro de Atención Primaria de la salud Zonda, Ministerio de Salud Pública de La Provincia de San Juan, San Juan, Argentina
| | - Hugo Granchetti
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustín Ibáñez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Victoria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
- Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sol Fittipaldi
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Victoria, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
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12
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Boutzoukas EM, O'Shea A, Kraft JN, Hardcastle C, Evangelista ND, Hausman HK, Albizu A, Van Etten EJ, Bharadwaj PK, Smith SG, Song H, Porges EC, Hishaw A, DeKosky ST, Wu SS, Marsiske M, Alexander GE, Cohen R, Woods AJ. Higher white matter hyperintensity load adversely affects pre-post proximal cognitive training performance in healthy older adults. GeroScience 2022; 44:1441-1455. [PMID: 35278154 PMCID: PMC9213634 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00538-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive training has shown promise for improving cognition in older adults. Age-related neuroanatomical changes may affect cognitive training outcomes. White matter hyperintensities are one common brain change in aging reflecting decreased white matter integrity. The current study assessed (1) proximal cognitive training performance following a 3-month randomized control trial and (2) the contribution of baseline whole-brain white matter hyperintensity load, or total lesion volume (TLV), on pre-post proximal training change. Sixty-two healthy older adults were randomized to either adaptive cognitive training or educational training control interventions. Repeated-measures analysis of covariance revealed two-way group × time interactions such that those assigned cognitive training demonstrated greater improvement on proximal composite (total training composite) and sub-composite (processing speed training composite, working memory training composite) measures compared to education training counterparts. Multiple linear regression showed higher baseline TLV associated with lower pre-post change on processing speed training sub-composite (β = -0.19, p = 0.04), but not other composite measures. These findings demonstrate the utility of cognitive training for improving post-intervention proximal performance in older adults. Additionally, pre-post proximal processing speed training change appears to be particularly sensitive to white matter hyperintensity load versus working memory training change. These data suggest that TLV may serve as an important factor for consideration when planning processing speed-based cognitive training interventions for remediation of cognitive decline in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel M Boutzoukas
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Andrew O'Shea
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jessica N Kraft
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Cheshire Hardcastle
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nicole D Evangelista
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hanna K Hausman
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alejandro Albizu
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Emily J Van Etten
- Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Pradyumna K Bharadwaj
- Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Samantha G Smith
- Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Hyun Song
- Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Eric C Porges
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alex Hishaw
- Department Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Steven T DeKosky
- Department of Neurology and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Samuel S Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael Marsiske
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gene E Alexander
- Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Programs, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona and Arizona Alzheimer's Disease Consortium, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ronald Cohen
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Adam J Woods
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. .,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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