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Shi ZY, Li CY, Chen RY, Shi JJ, Liu YJ, Lu JF, Yang GJ, Chen J. The emerging role of deubiquitylating enzyme USP21 as a potential therapeutic target in cancer. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107400. [PMID: 38688196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Although certain members of the Ubiquitin-specific peptidases (USPs) have been recognized as promising therapeutic targets for various diseases, research progress regarding USP21 has been relatively sluggish in its early stages. USP21 is a crucial member of the USPs subfamily, involved in diverse cellular processes such as apoptosis, DNA repair, and signal transduction. Research findings from the past decade demonstrate that USP21 mediates the deubiquitination of multiple well-known target proteins associated with critical cellular processes relevant to both disease and homeostasis, particularly in various cancers.This reviewcomprehensively summarizes the structure and biological functions of USP21 with an emphasis on its role in tumorigenesis, and elucidates the advances on the discovery of tens of small-molecule inhibitors targeting USP21, which suggests that targeting USP21 may represent a potential strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chang-Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ru-Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jin-Jin Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yan-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jian-Fei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Guan-Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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2
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Huang H, Liang X, Wu W, Yuan T, Chen Z, Wang L, Wu Z, Zhang T, Yang K, Wen K. FOXP3-regulated lncRNA NONHSAT136151 promotes colorectal cancer progression by disrupting QKI interaction with target mRNAs. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18068. [PMID: 38041531 PMCID: PMC10826441 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC), has repeatedly been demonstrated. However, very few lncRNAs have been well annotated functionally. Our study identified a novel lncRNA upregulated in CRC, NONHSAT136151, which was correlated with clinical progression. In functional assays, NONHSAT136151 significantly enhanced CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Mechanistically, NONHSAT136151 interacted with RNA-binding protein (RBP) QKI (Quaking) to interfere with QKI binding to target mRNAs and regulate their expression. As well, FOXP3 may be causally related to the dysregulation of NONHSAT136151 in CRC cells through its transcriptional activity. In conclusion, our findings identified a novel lncRNA regulated by FOXP3 participates in CRC progression through interacting with QKI, indicating a novel lncRNA-RBP interaction mechanism is involved in CRC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handong Huang
- Soochow University Medical CollegeSuzhouJiangsuChina
- Department of General SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Xiaoxiang Liang
- Department of General SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Weizheng Wu
- Department of General SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Tao Yuan
- Department of General SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Zhengquan Chen
- Department of General SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of General SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Zhenyu Wu
- Department of General SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of General SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Kunming Wen
- Soochow University Medical CollegeSuzhouJiangsuChina
- Department of General SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
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3
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Mohammadpour S, Noukabadi FN, Esfahani AT, Kazemi F, Esmaeili S, Zafarjafarzadeh N, Sarpash S, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E. Non-coding RNAs in Precursor Lesions of Colorectal Cancer: Their Role in Cancer Initiation and Formation. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:565-575. [PMID: 37226783 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230523155719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the world's most common types of malignancy. The proliferation of precancerous lesions causes this type of cancer. Two distinct pathways for CRC carcinogenesis have been identified: the conventional adenoma-carcinoma pathway and the serrated neoplasia pathway. Recently, evidence has demonstrated the regulatory roles of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the initiation and progression of precancerous lesions, especially in the adenoma-carcinoma pathway and serrated neoplasia pathway. By expanding the science of molecular genetics and bioinformatics, several studies have identified dysregulated ncRNAs that function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in cancer initiation and formation by diverse mechanisms via intracellular signaling pathways known to act on tumor cells. However, many of their roles are still unclear. This review summarizes the functions and mechanisms of ncRNAs (such as long non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, long intergenic non-coding RNAs, small interfering RNAs, and circRNAs) in the initiation and formation of precancerous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Mohammadpour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Naderi Noukabadi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Torshizi Esfahani
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kazemi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Esmaeili
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikta Zafarjafarzadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - SeyedKasra Sarpash
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Liang W, Liu D, Wu J. c-JUN-induced upregulation of LINC00174 contributes to colorectal cancer proliferation and invasion through accelerating USP21 expression. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:1782-1798. [PMID: 37434557 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common human malignancies due to its invasiveness and metastasis. Recent studies revealed the pivotal roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis and progressions of various tumors. However, the biological roles and molecular mechanisms of long intergenic noncoding RNA 00174 (LINC00174) in human CRC remain unclear. Here, we report that LINC00174 expression was higher in human CRC tissues and cell lines than in adjacent normal tissues and a colon epithelial cell line (FHC). High expression of LINC00174 was positively correlated with poor overall and disease-free survival in patients with CRC. Loss- and gain-of-function of LINC00174 demonstrated its critical roles in promoting cell proliferation, apoptosis resistance, migration, and invasion of CRC cells in vitro. Moreover, overexpression of LINC00174 enhanced tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistic experiments revealed that LINC00174 could bind to microRNA (miR)-2467-3p and augment the expression and function of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21). Rescue assays found that miR-2467-3p inhibition can offset the actions of LINC00174 or USP21 knockdown in CRC cells. Additionally, transcriptional factor c-JUN transcriptionally activated LINC00174 expression and mediated LINC00174-induced malignant phenotypes of CRC cell lines. Totally, our findings shed light on a new therapeutic strategy in modulating LINC00174/miR-2467-3p, which may interfere with the expression of USP21, and revealed that LINC00174 could be a new therapeutic target or prognostic marker in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan Province, China
| | - Dongdong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan Province, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Ultrasound Intervention, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, He'nan Province, China
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Liu W, Zhang Z, Luo X, Qian K, Huang B, Liang J, Ma Z, Deng J, Yang C. m 6A‑mediated LINC02038 inhibits colorectal cancer progression via regulation of the FAM172A/PI3K/AKT pathway via competitive binding with miR‑552‑5p. Int J Oncol 2023; 63:81. [PMID: 37264959 PMCID: PMC10552712 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type of regulatory molecule with potential roles in the development of several different malignancies. However, the underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) are incompletely understood. The present study investigated the molecular mechanism of LINC02038 in CRC. LINC02038 expression was decreased in CRC tissues compared to the para‑cancerous tissues and LINC02038 overexpression markedly reduced the proliferation, vitality, migration and invasive ability and greatly accelerated apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells. Bioinformatics examination indicated that LINC02038 may have targeted microRNA (miR)‑552‑5p. RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays showed that LINC02038 served as a sponge for miR‑552‑5p, hindering target gene FAM172A of miR‑552‑5p degradation. Moreover, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP)‑qualitative PCR assays revealed that YTHDF2 could identify and regulate the METTL3‑mediated LINC02038 N6‑methyladenosine (m6A) modification and increase its degradation, thereby promoting CRC progression via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Based on the CRC clinical specimens, it was shown that LINC02038 was negatively associated with lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis. These results revealed that m6A/LINC02038/miR‑552‑5p/FAM172A may be a novel anti‑tumor axis and LINC02038 may serve as a biomarker and treatment option for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Liu
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150
| | - Zilang Zhang
- Department of AnoRectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528010
| | - Xitu Luo
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150
| | - Kai Qian
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Baojun Huang
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150
| | - Jianmin Liang
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150
| | - Zhihao Ma
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150
| | - Jianzhong Deng
- Department of AnoRectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528010
| | - Chengyu Yang
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150
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LncGMDS-AS1 promotes the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer through HuR-STAT3/Wnt axis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:165. [PMID: 36849492 PMCID: PMC9970971 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation promotes the tumorigenesis and cell stemness maintenance of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the bridge role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in linking chronic inflammation to CRC development and progression needs better understanding. Here, we elucidated a novel function of lncRNA GMDS-AS1 in persistently activated signal transducer and transcription activator 3 (STAT3) and Wnt signaling and CRC tumorigenesis. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Wnt3a induced lncRNA GMDS-AS1 expression, which was highly expressed in the CRC tissues and plasma of CRC patients. GMDS-AS1 knockdown impaired the survival, proliferation and stem cell-like phenotype acquisition of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. We performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and mass spectrometry (MS) to probe target proteins and identify their contributions to the downstream signaling pathways of GMDS-AS1. In CRC cells, GMDS-AS1 physically interacted with the RNA-stabilizing protein HuR, thereby protecting the HuR protein from polyubiquitination- and proteasome-dependent degradation. HuR stabilized STAT3 mRNA and upregulated the levels of basal and phosphorylated STAT3 protein, persistently activating STAT3 signaling. Our research revealed that the lncRNA GMDS-AS1 and its direct target HuR constitutively activate STAT3/Wnt signaling and promote CRC tumorigenesis, the GMDS-AS1-HuR-STAT3/Wnt axis is a therapeutic, diagnostic and prognostic target in CRC.
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Tümen D, Heumann P, Gülow K, Demirci CN, Cosma LS, Müller M, Kandulski A. Pathogenesis and Current Treatment Strategies of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:3202. [PMID: 36551958 PMCID: PMC9775527 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent liver cancer with high lethality and low five-year survival rates leading to a substantial worldwide burden for healthcare systems. HCC initiation and progression are favored by different etiological risk factors including hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, non-/and alcoholic fatty liver disease (N/AFLD), and tobacco smoking. In molecular pathogenesis, endogenous alteration in genetics (TP53, TERT, CTNNB1, etc.), epigenetics (DNA-methylation, miRNA, lncRNA, etc.), and dysregulation of key signaling pathways (Wnt/β-catenin, JAK/STAT, etc.) strongly contribute to the development of HCC. The multitude and complexity of different pathomechanisms also reflect the difficulties in tailored medical therapy of HCC. Treatment options for HCC are strictly dependent on tumor staging and liver function, which are structured by the updated Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification system. Surgical resection, local ablative techniques, and liver transplantation are valid and curative therapeutic options for early tumor stages. For multifocal and metastatic diseases, systemic therapy is recommended. While Sorafenib had been the standalone HCC first-line therapy for decades, recent developments had led to the approval of new treatment options as first-line as well as second-line treatment. Anti-PD-L1 directed combination therapies either with anti-VEGF directed agents or with anti-CTLA-4 active substances have been implemented as the new treatment standard in the first-line setting. However, data from clinical trials indicate different responses on specific therapeutic regimens depending on the underlying pathogenesis of hepatocellular cancer. Therefore, histopathological examinations have been re-emphasized by current international clinical guidelines in addition to the standardized radiological diagnosis using contrast-enhanced cross-sectional imaging. In this review, we emphasize the current knowledge on molecular pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. On this occasion, the treatment sequences for early and advanced tumor stages according to the recently updated Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification system and the current algorithm of systemic therapy (first-, second-, and third-line treatment) are summarized. Furthermore, we discuss novel precautional and pre-therapeutic approaches including therapeutic vaccination, adoptive cell transfer, locoregional therapy enhancement, and non-coding RNA-based therapy as promising treatment options. These novel treatments may prolong overall survival rates in regard with quality of life and liver function as mainstay of HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Arne Kandulski
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases University Hospital Regensburg Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Cui M, Zhang H, Han S, Huo F, Shen Z, Ding D. Screening of biomarkers associated with diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Genes Genet Syst 2022; 97:101-110. [PMID: 36104170 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to explore biomarkers associated with diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Differentially expressed protein (DEP) genes were obtained and validated. Moreover, co-expressed genes were screened and their prognostic value was evaluated. In addition, miRNAs that were negatively correlated with DEP genes were identified and used to construct a competitive endogenous RNA network. Furthermore, a support vector machine model was built using DEP genes, and a receiver operating characteristic curve was implemented to confirm its prediction performance. The results showed that only one DEP gene, CCL26, was obtained. Moreover, 43 genes co-expressed with CCL26 were identified, among which six (AP3M2, DAPK1, ISYNA1, PPM1K, PRR4 and RNF122) were linked with the prognosis of colorectal cancer. Besides, the axis RP11-47122.2/RP11-527N22.1-hsa-miR-3192-5p-CCL26 was identified as an lncRNA-miRNA-target gene network. Support vector machine model analysis showed that the area under the curve of CCL26 reached 0.878 based on GEO data and 0.743 based on our protein data. In conclusion, AP3M2, DAPK1, ISYNA1, PPM1K, PRR4, RNF122, CCL26 and hsa-miR-3192-5p appear to be related to the progression of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfu Cui
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University
| | - Songyun Han
- Department of Emergency, Tonghua Central Hospital, Jilin University
| | - Feng Huo
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Changchun Tumor Hospital
| | - Zhaoming Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Changchun People's Hospital
| | - Dayong Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University
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Russo V, Lallo E, Munnia A, Spedicato M, Messerini L, D’Aurizio R, Ceroni EG, Brunelli G, Galvano A, Russo A, Landini I, Nobili S, Ceppi M, Bruzzone M, Cianchi F, Staderini F, Roselli M, Riondino S, Ferroni P, Guadagni F, Mini E, Peluso M. Artificial Intelligence Predictive Models of Response to Cytotoxic Chemotherapy Alone or Combined to Targeted Therapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4012. [PMID: 36011003 PMCID: PMC9406544 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14164012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tailored treatments for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) have not yet completely evolved due to the variety in response to drugs. Therefore, artificial intelligence has been recently used to develop prognostic and predictive models of treatment response (either activity/efficacy or toxicity) to aid in clinical decision making. In this systematic review, we have examined the ability of learning methods to predict response to chemotherapy alone or combined with targeted therapy in mCRC patients by targeting specific narrative publications in Medline up to April 2022 to identify appropriate original scientific articles. After the literature search, 26 original articles met inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in the study. Our results show that all investigations conducted on this field have provided generally promising results in predicting the response to therapy or toxic side-effects. By a meta-analytic approach we found that the overall weighted means of the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) were 0.90, 95% C.I. 0.80-0.95 and 0.83, 95% C.I. 0.74-0.89 in training and validation sets, respectively, indicating a good classification performance in discriminating response vs. non-response. The calculation of overall HR indicates that learning models have strong ability to predict improved survival. Lastly, the delta-radiomics and the 74 gene signatures were able to discriminate response vs. non-response by correctly identifying up to 99% of mCRC patients who were responders and up to 100% of patients who were non-responders. Specifically, when we evaluated the predictive models with tests reaching 80% sensitivity (SE) and 90% specificity (SP), the delta radiomics showed an SE of 99% and an SP of 94% in the training set and an SE of 85% and SP of 92 in the test set, whereas for the 74 gene signatures the SE was 97.6% and the SP 100% in the training set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Russo
- Research and Development Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPRO-Study, Prevention and Oncology Network Institute, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Eleonora Lallo
- Research and Development Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPRO-Study, Prevention and Oncology Network Institute, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Armelle Munnia
- Research and Development Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPRO-Study, Prevention and Oncology Network Institute, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Miriana Spedicato
- Research and Development Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPRO-Study, Prevention and Oncology Network Institute, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Messerini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Romina D’Aurizio
- Institute of Informatics and Telematics, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elia Giuseppe Ceroni
- Institute of Informatics and Telematics, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Brunelli
- Institute of Informatics and Telematics, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonio Galvano
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ida Landini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Nobili
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marcello Ceppi
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16131 Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Bruzzone
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16131 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Cianchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Staderini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Roselli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Riondino
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ferroni
- BioBIM (InterInstitutional Multidisciplinary Biobank), IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences & Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorella Guadagni
- BioBIM (InterInstitutional Multidisciplinary Biobank), IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences & Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Mini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Peluso
- Research and Development Branch, Regional Cancer Prevention Laboratory, ISPRO-Study, Prevention and Oncology Network Institute, 50139 Florence, Italy
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10
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Sargazi ML, Jafarinejad-Farsangi S, Moazzam-Jazi M, Rostamzadeh F, Karam ZM. The crosstalk between long non-coding RNAs and the hedgehog signaling pathway in cancer. Med Oncol 2022; 39:127. [PMID: 35716241 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01710-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) is a conserved signaling pathway that is involved in embryo development as well as adult tissue maintenance and repair in invertebrates and vertebrates. Abnormal activation of this pathway in various types of malignant drug- and apoptosis-resistant tumors has made it a therapeutic target against tumorigenesis. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms that promote the activation or inhibition of this pathway is critical. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a subclass of non-coding RNAs with a length of > 200 nt, affect the expression of Hh signaling components via a variety of transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes. This review focuses on the crosstalk between lncRNAs and the Hh pathway in carcinogenesis, outlines the broad role of Hh-related lncRNAs in tumor progression, and illustrates their clinical diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potential in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Lotfian Sargazi
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Jehad Blvd, Ebn Sina Avenue, 7619813159, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeideh Jafarinejad-Farsangi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 7619813159, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Maryam Moazzam-Jazi
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 19839-63113, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rostamzadeh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 7619813159, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Miri Karam
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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11
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Guo T, Peng S, Liu D, Li Y. Long Non-coding RNA LOXL1-AS1 Facilitates Colorectal Cancer Progression via Regulating miR-1224-5p/miR-761/HK2 Axis. Biochem Genet 2022; 60:2416-2433. [PMID: 35441953 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10226-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the development of malignant tumors. The present study aimed to explore the function and potential mechanism of lncRNA LOXL1 antisense RNA 1 (LOXL1-AS1) in CRC. The abundance of LOXL1-AS1, miR-1224-5p, miR-761, and hexokinase 2 (HK2) was detected by quantitative real-time PCR or western blot assay. Cell proliferation was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays. Cell apoptosis, invasion, and migration were examined by flow cytometry, transwell assay, and wound healing assay. Glycolysis was evaluated by detecting glucose consumption, lactate production, and ATP/ADP ratios. Xenograft assay was used for in vivo tumor growth analysis. LOXL1-AS1 and HK2 levels were increased, while miR-1224-5p and miR-761 levels were reduced in CRC tissues and cells. Knockdown of LOXL1-AS1 suppressed CRC cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and glycolysis, and induced cell apoptosis. Silencing of LOXL1-AS1 blocked tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, LOXL1-AS1 accelerated CRC cell progression by absorbing miR-1224-5p/miR-761. Besides, miR-1224-5p and miR-761 inhibited CRC cell progression via targeting HK2. LOXL1-AS1 contributed to CRC progression via modulating miR-1224-5p/miR-761/HK2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 100 Huaihai Avenue, Xinzhan District, Hefei City, 230011, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Shihao Peng
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 100 Huaihai Avenue, Xinzhan District, Hefei City, 230011, Anhui Province, China
| | - Defeng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 100 Huaihai Avenue, Xinzhan District, Hefei City, 230011, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 100 Huaihai Avenue, Xinzhan District, Hefei City, 230011, Anhui Province, China
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12
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MALAT1-related signaling pathways in colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:126. [PMID: 35305641 PMCID: PMC8933897 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02540-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most lethal and prevalent solid malignancies worldwide. There is a great need of accelerating the development and diagnosis of CRC. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) as transcribed RNA molecules play an important role in every level of gene expression. Metastasis‐associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript‐1 (MALAT1) is a highly conserved nucleus-restricted lncRNA that regulates genes at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. High expression of MALAT1 is closely related to numerous human cancers. It is generally believed that MALAT1 expression is associated with CRC cell proliferation, tumorigenicity, and metastasis. MALAT1 by targeting multiple signaling pathways and microRNAs (miRNAs) plays a pivotal role in CRC pathogenesis. Therefore, MALAT1 can be a potent gene for cancer prediction and diagnosis. In this review, we will demonstrate signaling pathways associated with MALAT1 in CRC.
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13
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Golla U, Sesham K, Dallavalasa S, Manda NK, Unnam S, Sanapala AK, Nalla S, Kondam S, Kumar R. ABHD11-AS1: An Emerging Long Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA) with Clinical Significance in Human Malignancies. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8020021. [PMID: 35314614 PMCID: PMC8938790 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aberrant expression of lncRNAs has been linked to the development and progression of different cancers. One such lncRNA is ABHD11 antisense RNA 1 (ABHD11-AS1), which has recently gained attention for its significant role in human malignancies. ABHD11-AS1 is highly expressed in gastric, lung, breast, colorectal, thyroid, pancreas, ovary, endometrium, cervix, and bladder cancers. Several reports highlighted the clinical significance of ABHD11-AS1 in prognosis, diagnosis, prediction of cancer progression stage, and treatment response. Significantly, the levels of ABHD11-AS1 in gastric juice had been exhibited as a clinical biomarker for the assessment of gastric cancer, while its serum levels have prognostic potential in thyroid cancers. The ABHD11-AS1 has been reported to exert oncogenic effects by sponging different microRNAs (miRNAs), altering signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, epigenetic mechanisms, and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification. In contrast, the mouse homolog of AHD11-AS1 (Abhd11os) overexpression had exhibited neuroprotective effects against mutant huntingtin-induced toxicity. Considering the emerging research reports, the authors attempted in this first review on ABHD11-AS1 to summarize and highlight its oncogenic potential and clinical significance in different human cancers. Lastly, we underlined the necessity for future mechanistic studies to unravel the role of ABHD11-AS1 in tumor development, prognosis, progression, and targeted therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upendarrao Golla
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Kishore Sesham
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri 522503, India;
| | - Siva Dallavalasa
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, Mysuru 570015, India;
| | - Naresh Kumar Manda
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India;
| | - Sambamoorthy Unnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sree Dattha Institute of Pharmacy, Ibrahimpatnam 501510, India; (S.U.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Arun Kumar Sanapala
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sree Dattha Institute of Pharmacy, Ibrahimpatnam 501510, India; (S.U.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Sharada Nalla
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palamuru University, Mahabubnagar 509001, India; (S.N.); (S.K.)
| | - Susmitha Kondam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palamuru University, Mahabubnagar 509001, India; (S.N.); (S.K.)
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India;
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14
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Poursheikhani A, Abbaszadegan MR, Kerachian MA. Long non-coding RNA AC087388.1 as a novel biomarker in colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:196. [PMID: 35193569 PMCID: PMC8862536 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09282-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several investigations have reported diverse roles of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in biological processes, tumor development, and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we investigated the lncRNA AC087388.1 tumorigenic role in CRC cells. Methods The CRC tissues were collected at the Reza Radiotherapy and Oncology Center, Mashhad, Iran. The human SW-48 and HT-29 CRC cell lines were obtained from the national cell bank of Iran. The cells were cultured according to ATCC (the American Type Culture Collection) recommendations. Quantitative real-time PCR was applied to assess the RNA expression. ShRNA transfection was done to downregulate the target gene. MTT and apoptosis assays were conducted to evaluate cell proliferation and viability, respectively. Colony formation assay, wound healing assay, and invasion assay were applied to determine growth, motility, and invasion of the cells, respectively. ENCORI online tool was used as downstream enrichment analysis. Results Forty CRC patients were encompassed in this study. The results demonstrated that the lncRNA SLC16A1-AS1, AC087388.1, and ELFN1-AS1 were significantly overexpressed in the CRC tissues in comparison to their normal counterpart margins. All the lncRNAs have shown significant Area Under Curve (AUC) values in the patients. Downregulation of lncRNA AC087388.1 remarkably decreased the cell proliferation and viability of the CRC cells. In addition, the data demonstrated that the downregulation of lncRNA AC087388.1 significantly suppressed cell growth and colony formation capability in the cells. Also, downregulation of lncRNA AC087388.1 attenuated motility and invasion of CRC cells, and significantly decreased the expression of invasion genes. In-silico functional enrichment analysis indicated that the lncRNA AC087388.1 has contributed to crucial signaling pathways in tumorigenesis such as the p53 and Wnt signaling pathways, apoptosis, and cell cycle. Conclusions Altogether, we showed that lncRNA AC087388.1 has an oncogenic role in tumorigenesis of CRC, and it can be considered as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in CRC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09282-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Poursheikhani
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Kerachian
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Cancer Genetics Research Unit, Reza Radiotherapy and Oncology Center, Mashhad, Iran.
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15
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Morgan R, da Silveira WA, Kelly RC, Overton I, Allott EH, Hardiman G. Long non-coding RNAs and their potential impact on diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy in prostate cancer: racial, ethnic, and geographical considerations. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2021; 21:1257-1271. [PMID: 34666586 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2021.1996227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Advances in high-throughput sequencing have greatly advanced our understanding of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in a relatively short period of time. This has expanded our knowledge of cancer, particularly how lncRNAs drive many important cancer phenotypes via their regulation of gene expression. AREAS COVERED Men of African descent are disproportionately affected by PC in terms of incidence, morbidity, and mortality. LncRNAs could serve as biomarkers to differentiate low-risk from high-risk diseases. Additionally, they may represent therapeutic targets for advanced and castrate-resistant cancer. We review current research surrounding lncRNAs and their association with PC. We discuss how lncRNAs can provide new insights and diagnostic biomarkers for African American men. Finally, we review advances in computational approaches that predict the regulatory effects of lncRNAs in cancer. EXPERT OPINION PC diagnostic biomarkers that offer high specificity and sensitivity are urgently needed. PC specific lncRNAs are compelling as diagnostic biomarkers owing to their high tissue and tumor specificity and presence in bodily fluids. Recent studies indicate that PCA3 clinical utility might be restricted to men of European descent. Further work is required to develop lncRNA biomarkers tailored for men of African descent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Morgan
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Institute for Global Food Security (IGFS), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Willian Abraham da Silveira
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Institute for Global Food Security (IGFS), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ryan Christopher Kelly
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ian Overton
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Emma H Allott
- Institute for Global Food Security (IGFS), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gary Hardiman
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Institute for Global Food Security (IGFS), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina
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16
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He RZ, Jiang J, Hu X, Lei M, Li J, Luo W, Duan L, Hu Z, Mo YY, Luo DX, Peng WX. Stabilization of UCA1 by N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation modification promotes colorectal cancer progression. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:616. [PMID: 34809621 PMCID: PMC8609784 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02288-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background UCA1 is frequently upregulated in a variety of cancers, including CRC, and it can play an oncogenic role by various mechanisms. However, how UCA1 is regulated in cancer is largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine whether RNA methylation at N6-methyladenosine (m6A) can impact UCA1 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods qRT-PCR was performed to detect the level of UCA1 and IGF2BP2 in CRC samples. CRISPR/Cas9 was employed to knockout (KO) UCA1, METTL3 and WTAP in DLD-1 and HCT-116 cells, while rescue experiments were carried out to re-express METTL3 and WTAP in KO cells. Immunoprecipitation using m6A antibody was performed to determine the m6A modification of UCA1. In vivo pulldown assays using S1m tagging combined with site-direct mutagenesis was carried out to confirm the recognition of m6A-modified UCA1 by IGF2BP2. Cell viability was measured by MTT and colony formation assays. The expression of UCA1 and IGF2BP2 in TCGA CRC database was obtained from GEPIA (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn). Results Our results revealed that IGF2BP2 serves as a reader for m6A modified UCA1 and that adenosine at 1038 of UCA1 is critical to the recognition by IGF2BP2. Importantly, we showed that m6A writers, METTL3 and WTAP positively regulate UCA1 expression. Mechanically, IGF2BP2 increases the stability of m6A-modified UCA1. Clinically, IGF2BP2 is upregulated in CRC tissues compared with normal tissues. Conclusion These results suggest that m6A modification is an important factor contributing to upregulation of UCA1 in CRC tissues. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02288-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Zhang He
- Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-Through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jing Jiang
- Center of Medical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, Chenzhou, 423000, China
| | - Xinglin Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou of University of South China, Chenzhou, 423000, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, 415003, China
| | - Jia Li
- Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-Through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, China
| | - Weihao Luo
- Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-Through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, China
| | - Lili Duan
- Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-Through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Translational Medicine Institute, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-Through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, China
| | - Yin-Yuan Mo
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Di-Xian Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital (Nanshan Hospital), Guangdong, 518000, China.
| | - Wan-Xin Peng
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA. .,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333, Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
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17
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Bahrami A, Jafari A, Ferns GA. The dual role of microRNA-9 in gastrointestinal cancers: oncomiR or tumor suppressor? Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112394. [PMID: 34781141 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNA are noncoding endogenous RNAs of ∼ 25-nucleotide, involved in RNA silencing and controlling of cell function. Recent evidence has highlighted the important role of various in the biology of human cancers. miR-9 is a highly conserved microRNA and abnormal regulation of miR-9 expression has various impacts on disease pathology. miR-9 may play a dual tumor-suppressive or oncomiR activity in several cancers. There have been conflicting reports concerning the role of miR-9 in gastrointestinal cancers. Several signaling pathways including PDK/AKT, Hippo, Wnt/β-catenin and PDGFRB axes are affected by miR-9 in suppressing proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. Oncogenic miR-9 triggers migration, metastasis and clinic-pathological characteristics of patients with gastrointestinal malignancy by targeting various enzymes and transcription factors such as E-cadherin, HK2, LMX1A, and CDX2. On the other hand, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs can modulate miR-9 expression in human cancers. In this review, we aimed to summarize recent findings about the potential value of miR-9 in gastrointestinal tumors, that include: screening, prognostic and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsane Bahrami
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Akbar Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Amirsajad Jafari
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
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18
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Wang W, Li H, Qiu Y, Li K, Lu Y, Deng Q, Liu T. Maternally expressed 3 inhibits the biological activity of oral squamous cell carcinoma SCC25 and CAL27 cell lines. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:784. [PMID: 34594425 PMCID: PMC8456499 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The abnormal expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed 3 (MEG3) is closely related to several tumor diagnosis and progression, such as endometrial carcinoma and ovarian cancer. However, the role of MEG3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is rarely reported. The current study aimed to evaluate the expression of lncRNA MEG3 in OSCC tissues and cell lines and its effect on the biological behavior of OSCC cell lines. The expression of lncRNA MEG3 in the OSCC tissues and cell lines was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q) PCR. The relationship between MEG3 expression and the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of patients with OSCC was analyzed. The lncRNA MEG3 overexpression plasmid and control plasmid were transfected into SCC25 and CAL27 cell lines using the lipofectin method. MTT assay was performed to detect the growth and proliferation of the cell lines. Transwell chamber test was used to detect changes in cell migration and invasion. Flow cytometry was employed to detect changes in apoptosis. Western blotting and RT-qPCR were conducted to detect the expression of the p53 gene. The expression of lncRNA MEG3 in the OSCC tissues and cell lines was significantly compared with normal tissues and cell lines, respectively. The expression level of MEG3 was related to clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and survival status. Overexpression of lncRNA MEG3 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SCC25 and CAL27 cell lines, induced apoptosis and promoted the expression of p53 gene. lncRNA MEG3 played the role of a tumor inhibitor gene and significantly inhibited the biological activity of OSCC cell lines, which may provide a novel idea for molecular targeted therapy of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Huanju Li
- Department of Surgery, Gucheng County Hospital, Hengshui, Hebei 253800, P.R. China
| | - Yongle Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Kunshan Li
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yueting Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Qianlan Deng
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Tiejun Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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19
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Yao J, Wang C, Dong X, Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhou H, Zhang L. lncRNA SNHG22 sponges miR‑128‑3p to promote the progression of colorectal cancer by upregulating E2F3. Int J Oncol 2021; 59:71. [PMID: 34368861 PMCID: PMC8357263 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The long non‑coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 22 (SNHG22) has been reported as a crucial regulator in several types of human cancer. The present study evaluated the function and mechanism of SNHG22 in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. SNHG22 expression was detected in colorectal adenoma, CRC tumor tissues (TTs) and adjacent non‑cancerous tissues (ANTs) using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR). The biological behaviors of SNHG22 in CRC cell lines were explored in vitro using Cell Counting Kit‑8, flow cytometry, wound scratch assay and Transwell assay, and in vivo using a nude mouse xenograft model. The interaction between SNHG22 and microRNA‑128‑3p (miR‑128‑3p), and the target genes of miR‑128‑3p were explored using online tools, RT‑qPCR, western blotting and a dual‑luciferase reporter assay. The present study revealed that SNHG22 expression was most highly expressed in TTs followed by adenoma tissues and ANTs. In addition, high SNHG22 expression levels were significantly associated with advanced clinicopathological factors and worse survival in patients with CRC. SNHG22 knockdown markedly inhibited CRC cell proliferation, apoptosis resistance, migration and invasion in vitro, and hindered tumor growth in vivo. The mechanistic study revealed that SNHG22 bound to miR‑128‑3p and attenuated its inhibitory effects on E2F transcription factor 3 (E2F3) expression levels and activity. Rescue experiments demonstrated that inhibiting miR‑128‑3p or upregulating E2F3 offset the effects of SNHG22 knockdown on CRC cells. The present findings support the existence of an interactive regulatory network involving SNHG22, miR‑128‑3p and E2F3 in CRC cell lines, indicating that the SNHG22/miR‑128‑3p/E2F3 axis may be considered a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianning Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xuyang Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yanzhen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yanle Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Haining Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Lianfeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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20
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Tang W, Zhu S, Liang X, Liu C, Song L. The Crosstalk Between Long Non-Coding RNAs and Various Types of Death in Cancer Cells. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211033044. [PMID: 34278852 PMCID: PMC8293842 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211033044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing aging population, cancer has become one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the number of cancer cases and deaths is only anticipated to grow further. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are closely associated with the expression level of downstream genes and various types of bioactivity, are regarded as one of the key regulators of cancer cell proliferation and death. Cell death, including apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, plays a vital role in the progression of cancer. A better understanding of the regulatory relationships between lncRNAs and these various types of cancer cell death is therefore urgently required. The occurrence and development of tumors can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the expression of lncRNAs, a method which confers broad prospects for cancer treatment. Therefore, it is urgent for us to understand the influence of lncRNAs on the development of different modes of tumor death, and to evaluate whether lncRNAs have the potential to be used as biological targets for inducing cell death and predicting prognosis and recurrence of chemotherapy. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the various forms of cancer cell death, including apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, and to describe the mechanisms of different types of cancer cell death that are regulated by lncRNAs in order to explore potential targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Tang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, 118385Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaomi Zhu
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, 118385Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, 118385Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Liu
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, 118385Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linjiang Song
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, 118385Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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21
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Micallef I, Baron B. The Mechanistic Roles of ncRNAs in Promoting and Supporting Chemoresistance of Colorectal Cancer. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:24. [PMID: 33807355 PMCID: PMC8103280 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies which has quite a high mortality rate. Despite the advances made in CRC treatment, effective therapy is still quite challenging, particularly due to resistance arising throughout the treatment regimen. Several studies have been carried out to identify CRC chemoresistance mechanisms, with research showing different signalling pathways, certain ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), among others to be responsible for the failure of CRC chemotherapies. In the last decade, it has become increasingly evident that certain non-coding RNA (ncRNA) families are involved in chemoresistance. Research investigations have demonstrated that dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) contribute towards promoting resistance in CRC via different mechanisms. Considering the currently available data on this phenomenon, a better understanding of how these ncRNAs participate in chemoresistance can lead to suitable solutions to overcome this problem in CRC. This review will first focus on discussing the different mechanisms of CRC resistance identified so far. The focus will then shift onto the roles of miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs in promoting 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin (OXA), cisplatin and doxorubicin (DOX) resistance in CRC, specifically using ncRNAs which have been recently identified and validated under in vivo or in vitro conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Byron Baron
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, MSD2080 Msida, Malta;
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22
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Brex D, Barbagallo C, Mirabella F, Caponnetto A, Battaglia R, Barbagallo D, Caltabiano R, Broggi G, Memeo L, Di Pietro C, Purrello M, Ragusa M. LINC00483 Has a Potential Tumor-Suppressor Role in Colorectal Cancer Through Multiple Molecular Axes. Front Oncol 2021; 10:614455. [PMID: 33552987 PMCID: PMC7855711 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.614455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the most heterogeneous class of non-protein-coding RNAs involved in a broad spectrum of molecular mechanisms controlling genome function, including the generation of complex networks of RNA-RNA competitive interactions. Accordingly, their dysregulation contributes to the onset of many tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Through a combination of in silico approaches (statistical screening of expression datasets) and in vitro analyses (enforced expression, artificial inhibition, or activation of pathways), we identified LINC00483 as a potential tumor suppressor lncRNA in CRC. LINC00483 was downregulated in CRC biopsies and metastases and its decreased levels were associated with severe clinical features. Inhibition of the MAPK pathway and cell cycle arrest by starvation induced an upregulation of LINC00483, while the epithelial to mesenchymal transition activation by TGFβ-1 and IL-6 caused its down-modulation. Moreover, enforced expression of LINC00483 provoked a slowing down of cell migration rate without affecting cell proliferation. Since LINC00483 was predominantly cytoplasmic, we hypothesized a “miRNA sponge” role for it. Accordingly, we computationally reconstructed the LINC00483/miRNA/mRNA axes and evaluated the expression of mRNAs in different experimental conditions inducing LINC00483 alteration. By this approach, we identified a set of mRNAs sharing the miRNA response elements with LINC00483 and modulated in accordance with it. Moreover, we found that LINC00483 is potentially under negative control of transcription factor HNF4α. In conclusion, we propose that LINC00483 is a tumor suppressor in CRC that, through an RNA-RNA network, may control cell migration and participate in proliferation signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duilia Brex
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Barbagallo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Federica Mirabella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Caponnetto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosalia Battaglia
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Barbagallo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosario Caltabiano
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Broggi
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology (IOM), Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia Di Pietro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Michele Purrello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Ragusa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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23
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Li C, Pan B, Liu X, Qin J, Wang X, He B, Pan Y, Sun H, Xu T, Xu X, Zeng K, Wang S. Long intergenic non-coding RNA LINC00485 exerts tumor-suppressive activity by regulating miR-581/EDEM1 axis in colorectal cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:3866-3885. [PMID: 33461166 PMCID: PMC7906134 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) play a vital role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. To investigate the role of long intergenic non-coding RNA LINC00485 in CRC, we performed in vitro functional experiments. LoVo tumor-bearing and liver metastasis mice were used as in vivo models. We found that LINC00485 expression was significantly lower in CRC tissues and cancer cells than in paired normal samples and human normal colonic epithelial cells. Lower expression of LINC00485 predicted poor prognosis in CRC patients. LINC00485 knockdown promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of FHC cells, while LINC00485 overexpression weakened these abilities of LoVo cells. MicroRNA miR-581 was the downstream target of LINC00485, which was downregulated in CRC samples and cancer cells compared to normal tissues and normal colonic epithelial cells. MiR-581 overexpression induced proliferation, migration, and invasion of FHC cells, while miR-581 antagomir treatment produced opposite results. MiR-581 directly targeted the 3'UTR of EDEM1 and inhibited its expression and induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition of CRC. In mouse models, LINC00485 knockdown or down-regulation of miR-581 significantly repressed CRC cell growth and prevented CRC liver metastasis. Overall, LINC00485 suppressed CRC tumorigenesis and progression by targeting the miR-581/EDEM1 axis. LINC00485 may be a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenmeng Li
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.,General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bei Pan
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.,General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangxiang Liu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.,General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Qin
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuhong Wang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.,General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bangshun He
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuqin Pan
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiling Sun
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Xu
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueni Xu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.,General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaixuan Zeng
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.,General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shukui Wang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.,General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
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24
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Zhang G, Zhang C, Sun J, Xiong Y, Wang L, Chen D. Phytochemical Regulation of RNA in Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colon Cancer: Inspirations from Cell and Animal Studies. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 376:464-472. [PMID: 33397676 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest an important role for RNA, especially noncoding RNA, in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colon cancer. Drug development based on regulating RNA rather than protein is a promising new area. Phytochemicals are naturally occurring plant-derived compounds with chemical diversity, biologic activity, easy availability, and low toxicity. Many phytochemicals have been shown to exert protective effects on IBD and colon cancer through modulation of RNAs. The aim of this study was to summarize the advancements of phytochemicals in regulating RNA for the treatment of IBD and colon cancer. This review involves many phytochemicals, including polyphenols, flavones, and alkaloids, which can influence various types of RNAs, including microRNA, long noncoding RNA, as well as messenger RNA, by influencing a variety of upstream molecules or regulating epigenetic processes. The limitation for many current studies is that the specific mechanisms of phytochemicals regulating RNA have not been fully uncovered. Accompanied by more identified functions of RNAs, especially noncoding RNA functions, the screening of RNA-regulating phytochemicals has presented challenges as well as opportunities for the prevention and treatment of IBD and colon cancer. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Noncoding RNAs, which constitute the majority of the human transcriptional genome, play a key role in the disease state and are considered as important therapeutic targets in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colon cancer. Recent studies have shown that phytochemicals regulate the expression of many noncoding RNAs involved in IBD and colon cancer. Therefore, identifying the specific molecular mechanism of phytochemicals regulating noncoding RNA in disease models may result in novel and effective therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Zhang
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China (G.Z., C.Z., J.S., L.W., D.C.) and Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (Y.X.)
| | - Chi Zhang
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China (G.Z., C.Z., J.S., L.W., D.C.) and Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (Y.X.)
| | - Jia'ao Sun
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China (G.Z., C.Z., J.S., L.W., D.C.) and Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (Y.X.)
| | - Yongjian Xiong
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China (G.Z., C.Z., J.S., L.W., D.C.) and Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (Y.X.)
| | - Liang Wang
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China (G.Z., C.Z., J.S., L.W., D.C.) and Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (Y.X.)
| | - Dapeng Chen
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China (G.Z., C.Z., J.S., L.W., D.C.) and Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (Y.X.)
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25
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Amir-Shahkarami M, Peymani M. The expression patterns of NBAT1 and CASC15 are associated with colorectal cancer. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Luo X, Yue M, Li C, Sun D, Wang L. Long Non-Coding RNA LINC00239 Functions as a Competitive Endogenous RNA by Sponging microRNA-484 and Enhancing KLF12 Expression to Promote the Oncogenicity of Colorectal Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:12067-12081. [PMID: 33262607 PMCID: PMC7695693 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s278582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 239 (LINC00239) is an oncogenic long non-coding RNA in acute myeloid leukemia. We aimed to determine LINC00239 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) and examine the influences of LINC00239 on tumor behaviors of CRC cells. Furthermore, the mechanism underlying the actions of LINC00239 in CRC was unveiled in detail. Materials and Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect LINC00239 expression in CRC tissues and cell lines. CRC cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were investigated by cell counting kit-8 assays, flow cytometry, and cell migration and invasion assays, respectively. Tumor xenograft experiments were performed to evaluate the tumor growth of CRC cells in vivo. The interactions among LINC00239, microRNA-484 (miR-484), and kruppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) were analyzed by bioinformatics prediction, RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assay. Results LINC00239 was upregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines. LINC00239 knockdown impaired CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted apoptosis in vitro. Additionally, LINC00239 deficiency inhibited CRC growth in vivo. Mechanistically, LINC00239 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA by directly sponging miR-484, thereby enhancing KLF12 expression. Rescue experiments further corroborated that miR-484 inhibition or KLF12 overexpression reversed the inhibitory actions of LINC00239 knockdown in CRC cells. Conclusion The LINC00239/miR-484/KLF12 pathway executed critical roles in CRC oncogenicity and may provide potential targets for CRC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Luo
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Yue
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenguang Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Sun
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China
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27
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Vacante M, Ciuni R, Basile F, Biondi A. The Liquid Biopsy in the Management of Colorectal Cancer: An Overview. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E308. [PMID: 32858879 PMCID: PMC7555636 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is a crucial need for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity in patients with colorectal cancer. A "liquid biopsy" is characterized by the isolation of cancer-derived components, such as circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and proteins, from peripheral blood or other body fluids and their genomic or proteomic assessment. The liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive and repeatable technique that could play a significant role in screening and diagnosis, and predict relapse and metastasis, as well as monitoring minimal residual disease and chemotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer patients. However, there are still some practical issues that need to be addressed before liquid biopsy can be widely used in clinical practice. Potential challenges may include low amounts of circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA in samples, lack of pre-analytical and analytical consensus, clinical validation, and regulatory endorsement. The aim of this review was to summarize the current knowledge of the role of liquid biopsy in the management of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vacante
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (R.C.); (F.B.); (A.B.)
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28
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Tait S, Baldassarre A, Masotti A, Calura E, Martini P, Varì R, Scazzocchio B, Gessani S, Del Cornò M. Integrated Transcriptome Analysis of Human Visceral Adipocytes Unravels Dysregulated microRNA-Long Non-coding RNA-mRNA Networks in Obesity and Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1089. [PMID: 32714872 PMCID: PMC7351520 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, and the obesity-associated inflammation, represents a major risk factor for the development of chronic diseases, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Dysfunctional visceral adipose tissue (AT) is now recognized as key player in obesity-associated morbidities, although the biological processes underpinning the increased CRC risk in obese subjects are still a matter of debate. Recent findings have pointed to specific alterations in the expression pattern of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as mechanisms underlying dysfunctional adipocyte phenotype in obesity. Nevertheless, the regulatory networks and interrelated processes relevant for adipocyte functions, that may contribute to a tumor-promoting microenvironment, are poorly known yet. To this end, based on RNA sequencing data, we identified lncRNAs and miRNAs, which are aberrantly expressed in visceral adipocytes from obese and CRC subjects, as compared to healthy lean control, and validated a panel of modulated ncRNAs by real-time qPCR. Furthermore, by combining the differentially expressed lncRNA and miRNA profiles with the transcriptome analysis dataset of adipocytes from lean and obese subjects affected or not by CRC, lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA adipocyte networks were defined for obese and CRC subjects. This analysis highlighted several ncRNAs modulation that are common to both obesity and CRC or unique of each disorder. Functional enrichment analysis of network-related mRNA targets, revealed dysregulated pathways associated with metabolic processes, lipid and energy metabolism, inflammation, and cancer. Moreover, adipocytes from obese subjects affected by CRC exhibited a higher complexity, in terms of number of genes, lncRNAs, miRNAs, and biological processes found to be dysregulated, providing evidence that the transcriptional and post-transcriptional program of adipocytes from CRC patients is deeply affected by obesity. Overall, this study adds further evidence for a central role of visceral adipocyte dysfunctions in the obesity-cancer relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Tait
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Masotti
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Research Laboratories, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrica Calura
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Martini
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Rosaria Varì
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sandra Gessani
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Del Cornò
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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29
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Contributions of Gene Modules Regulated by Essential Noncoding RNA in Colon Adenocarcinoma Progression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8595473. [PMID: 32280704 PMCID: PMC7128050 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8595473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), have an impact on a variety of important biological processes during colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) progression. This includes chromatin organization, transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation, and cell-cell signaling. The aim of this study is to identify the ncRNA-regulated modules that accompany the progression of COAD and to analyze their mechanisms, in order to screen the potential prognostic biomarkers for COAD. An integrative molecular analysis was carried out to identify the crosstalks of gene modules between different COAD stages, as well as the essential ncRNAs in the posttranscriptional regulation of these modules. 31 ncRNA regulatory modules were found to be significantly associated with overall survival in COAD patients. 17 out of the 31 modules (in which ncRNAs played essential roles) had improved the predictive ability for COAD patient survival compared to only the mRNAs of those modules, which were enriched in the core cancer hallmark pathways with closer interactions. These suggest that the ncRNAs' regulatory modules not only exhibit close relation to COAD progression but also reflect the dynamic significant crosstalk of genes in the modules to the different malignant extent of COAD.
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