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Gill A, Nawar M, Rowshanfarzad P, Hirst A, Skorska M, Milan T, Bucknell N, Sabet M. Improved commissioning of lung stereotactic body radiotherapy using a customized respiratory motion Phantom: a single- institutional study. Phys Eng Sci Med 2025:10.1007/s13246-025-01550-0. [PMID: 40358817 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-025-01550-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025]
Abstract
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) involves delivering high doses of radiation with geometric precision in a few hypofractionated schedules. In lung SBRT, respiratory motion is an additional concern as it could cause the delivered dose distribution to deviate from the treatment plan. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct accurate commissioning tests on a dynamic phantom. In this study, the QUASAR™ Respiratory Motion Phantom was customized using 3D-printed parts to minimize motion-induced errors in measurements. The customisations included a specialized ion chamber insert designed to move with the tumour and measure the average dose at its centre. A film insert was also developed for secure fixation, enabling precise dose verification on a static plane while minimizing the risk of friction-related damage. The quality assurance (QA) tests were performed on the plans created for phantom studies indicated that ion chamber measurements were within 1.9% of the planned dose, and film gamma analysis demonstrated pass rates over 95% using the 3%/1 mm criteria. A set of SBRT volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans were created for a suite of test patients using both flattened and flattening filter free (FFF) 6 MV beams and utilising robust optimization. A standardized patient-specific QA protocol was used to evaluate the treatment plans of 20 test patients, yielding film gamma pass rates above 98.8%. The suggested approach, using the 3D-printed inserts, effectively mitigated dose-blurring, providing a robust tool for lung SBRT commissioning and ensuring the reliability of lung cancer treatment with SBRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlesha Gill
- School of Physics, Mathematics and Computing, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway Crawley, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
- Centre for Advanced Technologies in Cancer Research (CATCR), Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Mohamed Nawar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Pejman Rowshanfarzad
- School of Physics, Mathematics and Computing, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway Crawley, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Technologies in Cancer Research (CATCR), Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Andrew Hirst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Malgorzata Skorska
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Tom Milan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Nicholas Bucknell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Mahsheed Sabet
- School of Physics, Mathematics and Computing, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway Crawley, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Technologies in Cancer Research (CATCR), Perth, WA, Australia
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Singh P, Semwal P, Gargi B, Painuli S, Aschner M, Alsharif KF, Khan H, Bachheti RK, Worku LA. Global research and current trends on nanotherapy in lung cancer research: a bibliometric analysis of 20 years. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:539. [PMID: 39384612 PMCID: PMC11465009 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01332-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer ranks as one of the most rapidly growing malignancies. Which is characterized by its poor prognosis and a low survival rate due to late diagnosis and limited efficacy of conventional treatments. In recent years nanotechnology has emerged as a promising frontier in the management of lung cancer, presenting novel strategies to enhance drug administration, improve therapeutic efficiency, and mitigate side effects. This research comprehensively evaluates the current state and research trends concerning the application of nanomaterials in lung cancer through bibliometric analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We employed a systematic approach by retrieving studies from the Scopus database that focused on nanomaterials and lung cancer between 2003 and 2023. Subsequently, we carefully selected relevant articles based on predetermined inclusion criteria. The selected publications were then subjected to bibliometric and visual analysis using softwares such as VOSviewer and Biblioshiny. RESULTS A total of 3523 studies that meet inclusion criteria were selected for bibliometric analysis. We observed a progressive increase in the number of annual publications from 2003 to 2023, indicating the growing interest in this field. According to our analysis, China is the primary contributor to publication output among the countries. The "Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China" was the most influential institution. Among the authors, "Dr. Jack A. Roth" and "Dr. Huang Leaf" had the highest number of publications and cited publications, respectively. The "International Journal of Nanomedicine" was found to be the most prolific journal in this field. Additionally, "Biomaterials" emerged as the most cited journal. Through keyword analysis, we identified five main research themes and future research directions; nono-immunotherapy and green synthesis are the hot topics in this research field. CONCLUSION Our study summarized the key characteristics of publications in this field and identified the most influential countries, institutions, authors, journals, hot topics, and trends related to the application of nanomaterials in lung cancer. These findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge and serve as a foundation for future research endeavors in this area. More effective efforts are needed in this field to reduce the burden of lung cancer and help achieve the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), 566/6 Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Prabhakar Semwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), 566/6 Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India.
- Research and Development Cell, Graphic Era Hill University, Society Area, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Baby Gargi
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), 566/6 Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sakshi Painuli
- Uttarakhand Council for Biotechnology (UCB), Premnagar, Dehradun, 248006, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10463, USA
| | - Khalaf F Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Nardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Rakesh Kumar Bachheti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Addis Ababa Sciences and Technology University, P. O. Box-16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Allied Sciences, Graphic Era Hill University, Society Area, Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Limenew Abate Worku
- College of Natural and Computational Science, Department of Chemistry, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
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Xu W, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Huang W, Guo X, Zhang J. Mapping the global research landscape on depression for patients with chronic kidney disease: a bibliometric and visualized analysis from 2006 to 2022. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1388641. [PMID: 39086390 PMCID: PMC11288862 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1388641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), a complex and multifaceted health issue, significantly contributes to global mortality rates. Accompanying chronic conditions, depression notably exacerbates health outcomes, increasing both mortality risk and the burden on affected individuals. This study employs bibliometric and visual analytics to evaluate the evolution, current trends, and future research directions in the field of CKD and depression. Methods We conducted a thorough investigation using the Web of Science Core Collection, focusing on literature published from 2006 to 2022 that examines the interplay between CKD and depression. The analysis was enriched with bibliometric and visualization tools such as bibliometrix, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer to distill the essence of the research corpus. Results Our analysis incorporated 2,409 CKD-related publications, with significant contributions from the United States, China, and England. BMC Nephrology emerged as the leading publication outlet, while the American Journal of Kidney Diseases featured the most cited articles. Key terms such as "depression," "quality-of-life," "mortality," "prevalence," and "hemodialysis" dominated the keyword landscape, indicating the research focus areas. Conclusion This bibliometric analysis offers an in-depth view of the research trajectory in CKD and depression. It provides valuable insights for researchers seeking relevant literature, potential collaborators, and an understanding of the field's current hotspots and emerging frontiers. The findings of this study are instrumental in guiding and enriching future research endeavors in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zitong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Zhao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Wenyong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyu Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou, China
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Cheng SH, Tu KY, Lee HH. The dynamic duo: A narrative review on the synergy between stereotactic body radiotherapy and immunotherapy in lung cancer treatment (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 52:96. [PMID: 38874014 PMCID: PMC11188053 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), is undoubtedly one of the major breakthroughs in lung cancer research. Patient survival and prognosis have all been improved as a result, although numerous patients do not respond to immunotherapy due to various immune escape mechanisms of the tumor cells. Recent preclinical and clinical evidence has shown that stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), also known as stereotactic ablative radiotherapy, has a prominent immune priming effect that could elicit antitumor immunity against specific tumor antigens and destroy distant tumor cells, thereby achieving the elusive abscopal effect, with the resulting immuno‑active tumor environment also being more conducive to ICIs. Some landmark trials have already demonstrated the survival benefit of the dynamic duo of SBRT plus immunotherapy in metastatic non‑small‑cell lung cancer, while others such as PEMBRO‑RT further suggest that the addition of SBRT to immunotherapy could expand the current indication to those who have historically responded poorly to ICIs. In the present review, the biological mechanisms that drive the synergistic effect of SBRT and immunotherapy were first briefly outlined; then, the current understanding from clinical trials was summarized and new insight into the evolving role of immunotherapy and SBRT synergy in lung cancer treatment was provided. Finally, novel avenues for discovery were highlighted. The innovation of the present review lies in the inclusion of non‑ICI immunotherapy in the discussion, which provides a more comprehensive view on the current development and future trend of SBRT + immunotherapy synergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hsin Cheng
- Department of Clinical Education and Training, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuan-Yi Tu
- School of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsin-Hua Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
- PhD Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Yang J, Yang W, Zhang J, Huang A, Yin S, Zhang H, Luo Z, Li X, Chen Y, Ma L, Wang C. Non-small cell lung cancer and metabolism research from 2013 to 2023: a visual analysis and bibliometric study. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1322090. [PMID: 38863621 PMCID: PMC11165026 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1322090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background As one of the most prevalent primary lung tumors, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has garnered considerable research interest due to its high metastasis rates and poor prognosis outcomes. Across different cancer types, metabolic processes are required for tumors progression and growth, thus interfering with such processes in NSCLC may therapeutically viable for limiting/halting disease progression. Therefore, comprehending how metabolic processes contribute to growth and survival mechanisms in cancers, including NSCLC, may elucidate key functions underpinning tumor cell metabolism. However, no bibliometric analyses have been published in this field, therefore we address this knowledge gap here. Methods Between 2013 and 2023 (December 28th), articles related to the NSCLC and metabolism (NSCLC-Met) field were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). To fully dissect NSCLC-Met research directions and articles, we used the Bibliometrix package in R, VOSviewer and CiteSpace software to visually represent global trends and hotspots. Results Between 2013 and 2023, 2,246 NSCLC-Met articles were retrieved, with a continuous upward trend and rapid development observed year on year. Cancers published the most articles, with Cancer Research recording the highest average citation numbers. Zhang Li from China was the most prolific author, but the highest number of authors came from the USA. China, USA, and Italy were the top three countries with the highest number of published articles, with close cooperation identified between countries. Recent hotspots and research directions were reflected by "lung adenocarcinoma", "immunotherapy", "nivolumab", "checkpoint inhibitors", "blockade", and "pembrolizumab", while "gut microbiome", "egfr" and "dose painting" were important topics for researchers. Conclusion From our analyses, scientists can now explore new hotspots and research directions in the NSCLC-Met field. Further in-depth research in this field will undoubtedly provide more new insights on disease diagnostics, treatment, and prognostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Library, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Aiping Huang
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyuan Yin
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Zongrui Luo
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Human Resource, Yibin Sixth People’s Hospital, Yibin, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijie Ma
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
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Liu Y, Jiang X, Wu Y, Yu H. Global research landscape and trends of cancer radiotherapy plus immunotherapy: A bibliometric analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27103. [PMID: 38449655 PMCID: PMC10915415 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to present current research trends on the synergistic use of radiotherapy and immunotherapy (IRT) for cancer treatment. On March 1, 2023, we conducted a literature search for IRT papers using the Web of Science database. We extracted information and constructed two databases - the Core Database (CD) with 864 papers and Generalized Database (GD) with 6344 papers. A bibliometric analysis was performed to provide insights into the research landscape, to identify emerging trends and highly cited papers and journals in the field of IRT. The CD contained 864 papers that were collectively cited 31,818 times. Prominent journals in this area included the New England Journal of Medicine, Lancet Oncology, and the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Corresponding authors from the USA contributed the most publications. In recent years, lung cancer, melanoma, stereotactic radiotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and the tumor microenvironment emerged as hot research areas. This bibliometric analysis presented quantitative insights into research concerning IRT and proposed potential avenues for further exploration. Moreover, researchers can use our findings to select appropriate journals for publication or identify prospective collaborators. In summary, this bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the historical progression and recent advancements in IRT research that may serve as inspiration for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhao Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Oncology, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Yujuan Wu
- Department of Oncology, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Haiming Yu
- Department of Oncology, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Hospital), Qingdao, China
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Liu Y, Cheng X, Han X, Cheng X, Jiang S, Lin Y, Zhang Z, Lu L, Qu B, Chen Y, Zhang X. Global research landscape and trends of lung cancer immunotherapy: A bibliometric analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1032747. [PMID: 36532038 PMCID: PMC9751816 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1032747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunotherapy for lung cancer has been a hot research area for years. This bibliometric analysis aims to present the research trends on lung cancer immunotherapy. Method On 1 July, 2022, the authors identified 2,941 papers on lung cancer immunotherapy by the Web of Science and extracted their general information and the total number of citations. A bibliometric analysis was carried out to present the research landscape, demonstrate the research trends, and determine the most cited papers (top papers) as well as major journals on lung cancer immunotherapy. After that, recent research hotspots were analyzed based on the latest publications in major journals. Results These 2,941 papers were cited a total of 122,467 times. "Nivolumab vs. docetaxel in advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer" published in 2015 by Borghaei H et al. was the most cited paper (5,854 citations). Among the journals, New England Journal of Medicine was most influential. Corresponding authors represented China took part in most articles (904) and papers with corresponding authors from the USA were most cited (139.46 citations per paper). Since 2015, anti-PD-(L)1 has become the hottest research area. Conclusions This bibliometric analysis comprehensively and quantitatively presents the research trends and hotspots based on thousands of publications, and further suggests future research directions. Moreover, the results can benefit researchers to select journals and find potential collaborators. This study can help researchers get a comprehensive impression of the research landscape, historical development, and recent hotspots in lung cancer immunotherapy and provide inspiration for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhao Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaona Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaru Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Linlin Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Baozhen Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxian Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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