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Xu X, Yuan H, Lv Q, Wu Z, Fan W, Liu J. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase Regulates the Differentiation of T Lymphocytes to Promote the Growth of Gastric Cancer Cells through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway. Cell Biochem Biophys 2025; 83:2289-2299. [PMID: 39695014 PMCID: PMC12089202 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01641-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 12/03/2024] [Indexed: 12/20/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the regulatory mechanism of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) in T lymphocyte differentiation and its role in promoting the growth of gastric cancer (GC) cells through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. GC cell lines (MFC and NCI-N87) and PBMC cells were co-cultured and IDO inhibitor 1-methyl-tryptophan (1-MT) was added. The proliferation was detected by CCK-8, the apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and the contents of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and INF-γ were detected by ELISA. The expression levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, mTOR, and p-mTOR were tested using Western blot, and the proportion of CD4+/CD8+, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells was detected by flow cytometry. C57BL/6 mice were used to establish the MFC GC mouse model and treated with 1-MT. The changes in body weight and tumor diameter were measured. Ki-67, CD4+, CD8+, and CD25+ expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry. IDO promoted the proliferation of MFC and NCI-N87 cells, inhibited apoptosis, and decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and INF-γ in the supernatant after co-culture with BPMC. The expressions of p-AKT, p-mTOR, and p-PI3K increased after 1-MT treatment. The proportion of CD4+/CD8+ cells was increased and the proportion of Treg cells was decreased in PBMC cells after the addition of 1-MT. Overexpression of IDO suppressed T cells differentiation by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. In vivo, 1-MT treatment reduced the tumor size and weight, increased CD4+ and CD8+ positive area proportion, and decreased Ki-67 and CD25+ positive area proportion. Co-culture of GC cells and immune cells promotes the proliferation of GC cells and inhibits apoptosis, which can be reversed by 1-MT. IDO may suppress the proliferation of T lymphocyte through inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. This provides new evidence for the potential of exploiting IDO inhibitors for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulian Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Huayan Yuan
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Qijun Lv
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenjiang Wu
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenhai Fan
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China.
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Li H, Chen J, Chen Z, Liao J. Predicting immune status and gene mutations in stomach adenocarcinoma patients based on inflammatory response-related prognostic features. Discov Oncol 2025; 16:497. [PMID: 40205166 PMCID: PMC11982005 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-025-02210-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2025] [Indexed: 04/11/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is an aggressive malignant tumor. Herein, we characterized the prognosis based on inflammatory response-related features and evaluated their potential impact on survival and immune status of STAD patients. METHODS Inflammation-related genes obtained from public databases were used to analyze the inflammatory response scores of STAD samples. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between STAD and adjacent gastric tissue were then analyzed using the "limma" package. Genes associated with STAD prognosis were obtained from the intersection of inflammation-related genes and DEGs. The key genes screened by last absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox and stepwise regression analyses were used to construct prognostic models and nomograms. The tumor immune dysfunction exclusion (TIDE) algorithm was used to assess potential differences in immunotherapy response between high- and low-risk groups and to explore gene mutation signatures using the R software maftools package. In addition, GSEA was used to predict pathway characteristics between different subgroups. Finally, scratch and transwell assays were performed to explore the role of SERPINE1 in STAD cells. RESULTS We found that a high-inflammatory group was associated with poor prognosis in STAD patients. 14 inflammation-related DEGs out of 126 DEGs were identified to be associated with the prognosis of STAD patients, and the prognostic models and nomograms constructed from the subsequently identified key genes (SLC7A1, CD82, SERPINE1 ROS1 and SLC7A2) demonstrated a good predictive performance in terms of prognosis of STAD. Patients in the STAD high-risk group had higher StromalScore and TIDE scores. It was also found that patients in the STAD low-risk group may have a higher mutation burden. Enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis and KRAS pathways in the high-risk group. In-vitro experiments showed that down-regulation of SERPINE1 attenuated the migratory and invasive abilities of AGS cells. CONCLUSION This study provides new insights into prognostic prediction and immunotherapy for STAD from the perspective of the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanjun Li
- Medical Oncology, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Tumors, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, 523888, China
| | - Jingtang Chen
- Medical Oncology, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Tumors, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, 523888, China
| | - Zhiliang Chen
- General Surgery Department, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, 523888, China
| | - Jingsheng Liao
- Medical Oncology, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Tumors, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, 523888, China.
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Jasim SA, Pallathadka H, Sivaprasad GV, Kumar A, Mustafa YF, Mohammed JS, Eldesoqui M, Pramanik A, Abdukarimovna RK, Zwamel AH. New approaches of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-immune cell-based therapy in gastric cancer; highlight CAR-T and CAR-NK. Funct Integr Genomics 2025; 25:72. [PMID: 40133688 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-025-01584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2024] [Revised: 01/14/2025] [Accepted: 03/17/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025]
Abstract
One characteristic that makes gastric cancer (GC) against other cancers is the intricate immune system's reaction, particularly to tenacious inflammation. Consequently, the immunological function is essential to the growth of this malignancy. Tumor immunotherapy has yielded several encouraging outcomes, but despite this, different patients continue to not respond to treatment, and a far larger number become resistant to it. Also, activated CAR-T cells express a majority of immunological checkpoint factors, containing PD1, CTLA4, and LAG3, which counteracts the anti-tumor actions of CAR-T cells. Moreover, cytokine release syndrome is one of the possible adverse responses of CAR-T cell therapy. Therefore, producing universal allogeneic T lymphocytes with potent anti-tumor activity is essential. This study demonstrates current research on this cutting-edge technology, including the composition and mode of action of CAR-NK and CAR-T cells in GC. Also, in this study, we examined recent studies about various specific GC biomarkers that target CAR-T cells and CAR-NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saade Abdalkareem Jasim
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, College of Health and Medical Technology, University of Al-maarif, Anbar, Iraq.
| | | | - G V Sivaprasad
- Department of Basic Science & Humanities, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Life Scienzces, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-Be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560069, India
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul-41001, Iraq
| | | | - Mamdouh Eldesoqui
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Almaarefa University, 13713, DiriyahRiyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Atreyi Pramanik
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Divison of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal University Dehradun, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rakhimova Khusnidakhon Abdukarimovna
- Department of Folk Medicine and Pharmacology, Fergana Public Health Medical Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan
- Western Caspian University, Scientific Researcher, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Ahmed Hussein Zwamel
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
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4
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Luo D, Liu Y, Lu Z, Huang L. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy for gastric cancer: rational strategies, novel advancements, challenges, and future perspectives. Mol Med 2025; 31:52. [PMID: 39923010 PMCID: PMC11806620 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-025-01075-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2025] [Indexed: 02/10/2025] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, and its treatment has been a focus of medical research. Herein we systematically review the current status of and advancements in targeted therapy and immunotherapy for GC, which have emerged as important treatment strategies in recent years with great potential, and summarize the efficacy and safety of such treatments. Targeted therapies against key targets in GC, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor (VEGFR), have shown remarkable therapeutic efficacies by inhibiting tumor progression and/or blood supply. In particular, markable breakthroughs have been made in HER2-targeting drugs for HER2-positive GC patients. To address intrinsic and acquired resistances to HER2-targeting drugs, novel therapeutic agents including bispecific antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) targeting HER2 have been developed. Immunotherapy enhances the recognition and elimination of cancer cells by activating body anticancer immune system. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies are the most commonly used immunotherapeutic agents and have been used with some success in GC treatment. Innovative immunotherapy modalities, including adoptive immune cell therapy, tumor vaccines, and non-specific immunomodulators therapy, and oncolytic viruses have shown promise in early-stage clinical trials for GC. Clinical trials have supported that targeted therapy and immunotherapy can significantly improve the survival and quality of life of GC patients. However, the effects of such therapies need to be further improved and more personalized, with advancement in researches on tumor immune microenvironment. Further studies remain needed to address the issues of drug resistance and adverse events pertaining to such therapies for GC. The combined application of such therapies and individualized treatment strategies should be further explored with novel drugs developed, to provide more effective treatments for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University/Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Center of Structural Heart Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yunmei Liu
- School of Cultural Heritage and Information Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Zhengmao Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University/Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Changhai Clinical Research Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University/Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Cozac-Szőke AR, Cozac DA, Negovan A, Tinca AC, Vilaia A, Cocuz IG, Sabău AH, Niculescu R, Chiorean DM, Tomuț AN, Cotoi OS. Immune Cell Interactions and Immune Checkpoints in the Tumor Microenvironment of Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:1156. [PMID: 39940924 PMCID: PMC11818890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26031156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2025] [Revised: 01/26/2025] [Accepted: 01/27/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) ranks as the fifth most prevalent malignant neoplasm globally, with an increased death rate despite recent advancements in research and therapeutic options. Different molecular subtypes of GC have distinct interactions with the immune system, impacting the tumor microenvironment (TME), prognosis, and reaction to immunotherapy. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the TME are crucial for preventing tumor growth and metastasis, as evidenced by research showing that patients with GC who have a significant density of TILs have better survival rates. But cancer cells have evolved a variety of mechanisms to evade immune surveillance, both sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 15 (Siglec-15) and Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) playing a pivotal role in the development of an immunosuppressive TME. They prevent T cell activation and proliferation resulting in a decrease in the immune system's capacity to recognize and eliminate malignant cells. These immune checkpoint molecules function via different but complementary mechanisms, the expression of Siglec-15 being mutually exclusive with PD-L1 and, therefore, providing a different therapeutic approach. The review explores how TILs affect tumor growth and patient outcomes in GC, with particular emphasis on their interactions within the TME and potential targeting of the PD-L1 and Siglec-15 pathways for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea-Raluca Cozac-Szőke
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.-R.C.-S.); (A.H.S.); (R.N.); (D.M.C.)
- Pathophysiology Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.C.T.); (I.-G.C.); (O.S.C.)
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Dan Alexandru Cozac
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.-R.C.-S.); (A.H.S.); (R.N.); (D.M.C.)
- Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases and Transplantation Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Anca Negovan
- Department of Clinical Science-Internal Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Andreea Cătălina Tinca
- Pathophysiology Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.C.T.); (I.-G.C.); (O.S.C.)
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Alexandra Vilaia
- Department of Infectious Diseases I, Doctoral School of Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Iuliu-Gabriel Cocuz
- Pathophysiology Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.C.T.); (I.-G.C.); (O.S.C.)
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Adrian Horațiu Sabău
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.-R.C.-S.); (A.H.S.); (R.N.); (D.M.C.)
- Pathophysiology Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.C.T.); (I.-G.C.); (O.S.C.)
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Raluca Niculescu
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.-R.C.-S.); (A.H.S.); (R.N.); (D.M.C.)
- Pathophysiology Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.C.T.); (I.-G.C.); (O.S.C.)
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Diana Maria Chiorean
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.-R.C.-S.); (A.H.S.); (R.N.); (D.M.C.)
- Pathophysiology Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.C.T.); (I.-G.C.); (O.S.C.)
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Alexandru Nicușor Tomuț
- Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Ovidiu Simion Cotoi
- Pathophysiology Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.C.T.); (I.-G.C.); (O.S.C.)
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania
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Voutsadakis IA. Gastric Adenocarcinomas with CDX2 Induction Show Higher Frequency of TP53 and KMT2B Mutations and MYC Amplifications but Similar Survival Compared with Cancers with No CDX2 Induction. J Clin Med 2024; 13:7635. [PMID: 39768557 PMCID: PMC11727917 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13247635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2024] [Revised: 12/07/2024] [Accepted: 12/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal cancers. Mortality is high, and improved treatments are needed. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease and discovery of biomarkers for targeted therapies are paramount for therapeutic progress. CDX2, a transcription factor of hindgut specification, is induced in several gastric cancers, especially with intestinal differentiation, and could be helpful for defining sub-types with particular characteristics. Methods: Gastric cancers with induced CDX2 mRNA expression were identified from the gastric cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and were compared with cancers that had no CDX2 mRNA induction. Induced CDX2 mRNA expression was defined as mRNA expression z-score relative to all samples above 0, and non-induced CDX2 mRNA expression was defined as mRNA expression z-score relative to all samples below -1. Results: Patients with gastric cancers with CDX2 mRNA induction were older, had less frequently diffuse histology, and more often had mutations in TP53 and KMT2B and amplifications in MYC. CDX2 induction was correlated with HNF4α induction and was reversely correlated with SOX2. Gastric cancers with CDX2 mRNA induction showed lower PD-L1 expression than cancers with lower CDX2 expression but did not differ in CLDN18 mRNA expression. Progression-free and overall survival of the two groups was also not significantly different. Conclusion: Gastric cancers with CDX2 mRNA induction displayed specific characteristics that differentiate them from cancers with no CDX2 induction and could be of interest for optimizing current and future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis A. Voutsadakis
- Algoma District Cancer Program, Sault Area Hospital, 750 Great Northern Road, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6B 0A8, Canada; or
- Division of Clinical Sciences, Section of Internal Medicine, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
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7
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Sallah S, Warwicker J. Computational investigation of missense somatic mutations in cancer and potential links to pH-dependence and proteostasis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0314022. [PMID: 39561123 PMCID: PMC11575792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 11/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes during tumour development lead to acidification of the extracellular environment and a smaller increase of intracellular pH. Searches for somatic missense mutations that could reveal adaptation to altered pH have focussed on arginine to histidine changes, part of a general arginine depletion that originates from DNA mutational mechanisms. Analysis of mutations to histidine, potentially a simple route to the introduction of pH-sensing, shows no clear biophysical separation overall of subsets that are more and less frequently mutated in cancer genomes. Within the more frequently mutated subset, individual sites predicted to mediate pH-dependence upon mutation include NDST1 (a Golgi-resident heparan sulphate modifying enzyme), the HLA-C chain of MHCI complex, and the water channel AQP-7. Arginine depletion is a general feature that persists in the more frequently mutated subset, and is complemented by over-representation of mutations to lysine. Arginine to lysine balance is a known factor in determining protein solubility, with higher lysine content being more favourable. Proteins with greater change in arginine to lysine balance are enriched for cell periphery location, where proteostasis is likely to be challenged in tumour cells. Somatic missense mutations in a cancer genome number only in the 10s typically, although can be much higher. Whether the altered arginine to lysine balance is of sufficient scale to play a role in tumour development is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalaw Sallah
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Warwicker
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Oleksiewicz U, Kuciak M, Jaworska A, Adamczak D, Bisok A, Mierzejewska J, Sadowska J, Czerwinska P, Mackiewicz AA. The Roles of H3K9me3 Writers, Readers, and Erasers in Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:11466. [PMID: 39519018 PMCID: PMC11546771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252111466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2024] [Revised: 10/19/2024] [Accepted: 10/22/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The interplay between cancer and the immune system has captivated researchers for a long time. Recent developments in cancer immunotherapy have substantiated this interest with a significant benefit to cancer patients. Tumor and immune cells are regulated via a wide range of molecular mechanisms involving intricate transcriptional and epigenetic networks. Epigenetic processes influence chromatin structure and accessibility, thus governing gene expression, replication, and DNA damage repair. However, aberrations within epigenetic signatures are frequently observed in cancer. One of the key epigenetic marks is the trimethylation of histone 3 at lysine 9 (H3K9me3), confined mainly within constitutive heterochromatin to suppress DNA accessibility. It is deposited at repetitive elements, centromeric and telomeric loci, as well as at the promoters of various genes. Dysregulated H3K9me3 deposition disrupts multiple pathways, including immune signaling. Consequently, altered H3K9me3 dynamics may modify the efficacy of immunotherapy. Indeed, growing evidence highlights the pivotal roles of various proteins mediating H3K9me3 deposition (SETDB1/2, SUV39H1/2), erasure (KDM3, KDM4 families, KDM7B, LSD1) and interpretation (HP1 proteins, KAP1, CHD4, CDYL, UHRF1) in modulating immunotherapy effectiveness. Here, we review the existing literature to synthesize the available information on the influence of these H3K9me3 writers, erasers, and readers on the response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Oleksiewicz
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Monika Kuciak
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Jaworska
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Dominika Adamczak
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Bisok
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Julia Mierzejewska
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Justyna Sadowska
- Department of Health Sciences, The Jacob of Paradies University, 66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland
| | - Patrycja Czerwinska
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej A. Mackiewicz
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
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9
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Yang S, Yang X, Hou Z, Zhu L, Yao Z, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Teng J, Fang C, Chen S, Jia M, Liu Z, Kang S, Chen Y, Li G, Niu Y, Cai Q. Rationale for immune checkpoint inhibitors plus targeted therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29215. [PMID: 38623200 PMCID: PMC11016731 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a frequent urological malignancy characterized by a high rate of metastasis and lethality. The treatment strategy for advanced RCC has moved through multiple iterations over the past three decades. Initially, cytokine treatment was the only systemic treatment option for patients with RCC. With the development of medicine, antiangiogenic agents targeting vascular endothelial growth factor and mammalian target of rapamycin and immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged and received several achievements in the therapeutics of advanced RCC. However, ICIs have still not brought completely satisfactory results due to drug resistance and undesirable side effects. For the past years, the interests form researchers have been attracted by the combination of ICIs and targeted therapy for advanced RCC and the angiogenesis and immunogenic tumor microenvironmental variations in RCC. Therefore, we emphasize the potential principle and the clinical progress of ICIs combined with targeted treatment of advanced RCC, and summarize the future direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Yang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianrui Yang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zekai Hou
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhili Yao
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Yanzhuo Chen
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Teng
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Taihe County People's Hospital, Anhui, China
| | - Songmao Chen
- Department of Urology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, China
- Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Mingfei Jia
- Department of Urology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Zhifei Liu
- Department of Urology, Tangshan People's Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Shaosan Kang
- Department of Urology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Yegang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanjie Niu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiliang Cai
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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10
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Liu Y, Zhang L, Lei X, Yin X, Liu S. Development of an immunogenic cell death prognostic signature for predicting clinical outcome and immune infiltration characterization in stomach adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:11389-11411. [PMID: 37862109 PMCID: PMC10637829 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is a common gastric histological cancer type with a high mortality rate. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) plays a key factor during carcinogenesis progress, whereas the prognostic value and role of ICD-related genes (ICDRGs) in STAD remain unclear. The MSigDB database collecting ICDRGs were selected by univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO algorithm to establish a novel risk model. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated a significant difference of OS rate of patients by risk score stratification. ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, and single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithms were conducted to estimate the immune infiltration landscape by risk stratification. Subgroup analysis and tumor mutation burden analysis were also analyzed to identify characteristics between groups. Differences in therapeutic responsiveness to chemotherapeutic drugs and targeted drugs were also analyzed between high-risk group and low-risk group. The impact of one ICDRG, GPX1, on the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of was confirmed by in vitro experiments in GC cells to test the reliability of bioinformatics results. This study gives evidence of the involvement of ICD process in STAD and provides a new perspective for further accurate assessment of prognosis and therapeutic efficacy in STAD patients. Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is a common gastric histological cancer type with a high mortality rate. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) plays a key factor during carcinogenesis progress, whereas the prognostic value and role of ICD-related genes (ICDRGs) in STAD remains unclear. The MSigDB database collected ICDRGs were selected by univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO algorithm to establish a novel risk model. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated a significant difference of OS rate of patients by risk score stratification. ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, and single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithms were conducted to estimate the immune infiltration landscape by risk stratification. Subgroup analysis and tumor mutation burden analysis were also analyzed to identify characteristics between groups. Differences in therapeutic responsiveness to chemotherapeutic drugs and targeted drugs were also analyzed between high-risk group and low-risk group. The impact of one ICDRG, GPX1, on the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of was confirmed by in vitro experiments in GC cells to test the reliability of bioinformatics results. This study gives evidence of the involvement of ICD process in STAD and provides a new perspective for further accurate assessment of prognosis and therapeutic efficacy in STAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lijia Zhang
- Ethics Committee Office, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xue Lei
- Department of Clinical Specialty of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xinyu Yin
- Department of Clinical Specialty of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Songjiang Liu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
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11
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Zhang Z, Su D, Thakur A, Zhang K, Xia F, Yan Y. Immune cell death-related lncRNA signature as a predictive factor of clinical outcomes and immune checkpoints in gastric cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1162995. [PMID: 37081965 PMCID: PMC10110873 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1162995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Immune cell death (ICD) is a type of tumor cell death that has recently been shown to activate and regulate tumor immunity. However, the role of ICD-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in gastric cancer remains to be clarified. Methods: We obtained 375 tumor samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and randomly assigned them to training and verification groups. LASSO and Cox regression analysis were utilized to identify ICD-related lncRNAs and establish a risk model. The changes in the immune microenvironment of the two groups were compared by examining the tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Results: We established a tumor signature based on nine ICD-related lncRNAs. In light of the receiver operating characteristic and Kaplan-Meier curves, the prognostic values of this risk model were verified. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the risk score was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients in both the training cohort (HR 2.52; 95% CI: 1.65-3.87) and validation cohort (HR 2.70; 95% CI: 1.54-4.8). A nomogram was developed to predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival of patients with gastric cancer, and the signature was linked to high levels of immunological checkpoint expression (B7-H3, VSIR). Conclusions: An ICD-related lncRNA signature could predict the immune response and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. This prognostic signature could be employed to independently monitor the efficacy of immunotherapy for gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Duntao Su
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Abhimanyu Thakur
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fada Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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