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Jin SP, Suh JH, Kim CE, Oh IG, Seo EY, Kim MK, Yoon KN, Chung JH. Functionally similar genes exhibit comparable/similar time-course expression kinetics in the UV-induced photoaged mouse model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290358. [PMID: 37943888 PMCID: PMC10635544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin photoaging induced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation contributes to the formation of thick and coarse wrinkles. Humans are exposed to UV light throughout their lives. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the time-sequential effects of UV on the skin. In this study, we irradiated the mouse back skin with UV light for eight weeks and observed the changes in gene expressions via microarray analysis every week. There were more downregulated genes (514) than upregulated genes (123). The downregulated genes had more functional diversity than the upregulated genes. Additionally, the number of downregulated genes did not increase in a time-dependent manner. Instead, time-dependent kinetic patterns were observed. Interestingly, each kinetic cluster harbored functionally enriched gene sets. Since collagen changes in the dermis are considered to be a major cause of photoaging, we hypothesized that other gene sets contributing to photoaging would exhibit kinetics similar to those of the collagen-regulatory genes identified in this study. Accordingly, co-expression network analysis was conducted using 11 well-known collagen-regulatory seed genes to predict genes with similar kinetics. We ranked all downregulated genes from 1 to 504 based on their expression levels, and the top 50 genes were suggested to be involved in the photoaging process. Additionally, to validate and support our identified top 50 gene lists, we demonstrated that the genes (FN1, CCDC80, PRELP, and TGFBR3) we discovered are downregulated by UV irradiation in cultured human fibroblasts, leading to decreased collagen levels, which is indicative of photoaging processes. Overall, this study demonstrated the time-sequential genetic changes in chronically UV-irradiated skin and proposed 50 genes that are involved in the mechanisms of photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Pil Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong Heon Suh
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Eop Kim
- Department of Physiology, Department of Physiology, Gachon University College of Korean Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Inn Gyung Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Seo
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-No Yoon
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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He M, Borlak J. A genomic perspective of the aging human and mouse lung with a focus on immune response and cellular senescence. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:58. [PMID: 37932771 PMCID: PMC10626779 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aging lung is a complex process and influenced by various stressors, especially airborne pathogens and xenobiotics. Additionally, a lifetime exposure to antigens results in structural and functional changes of the lung; yet an understanding of the cell type specific responses remains elusive. To gain insight into age-related changes in lung function and inflammaging, we evaluated 89 mouse and 414 individual human lung genomic data sets with a focus on genes mechanistically linked to extracellular matrix (ECM), cellular senescence, immune response and pulmonary surfactant, and we interrogated single cell RNAseq data to fingerprint cell type specific changes. RESULTS We identified 117 and 68 mouse and human genes linked to ECM remodeling which accounted for 46% and 27%, respectively of all ECM coding genes. Furthermore, we identified 73 and 31 mouse and human genes linked to cellular senescence, and the majority code for the senescence associated secretory phenotype. These cytokines, chemokines and growth factors are primarily secreted by macrophages and fibroblasts. Single-cell RNAseq data confirmed age-related induced expression of marker genes of macrophages, neutrophil, eosinophil, dendritic, NK-, CD4+, CD8+-T and B cells in the lung of aged mice. This included the highly significant regulation of 20 genes coding for the CD3-T-cell receptor complex. Conversely, for the human lung we primarily observed macrophage and CD4+ and CD8+ marker genes as changed with age. Additionally, we noted an age-related induced expression of marker genes for mouse basal, ciliated, club and goblet cells, while for the human lung, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts marker genes increased with age. Therefore, we infer a change in cellular activity of these cell types with age. Furthermore, we identified predominantly repressed expression of surfactant coding genes, especially the surfactant transporter Abca3, thus highlighting remodeling of surfactant lipids with implications for the production of inflammatory lipids and immune response. CONCLUSION We report the genomic landscape of the aging lung and provide a rationale for its growing stiffness and age-related inflammation. By comparing the mouse and human pulmonary genome, we identified important differences between the two species and highlight the complex interplay of inflammaging, senescence and the link to ECM remodeling in healthy but aged individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng He
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Borlak
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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He Z, Chang T, Chen Y, Wang H, Dai L, Zeng H. PARM1 Drives Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension via AKT/FOXO3A Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076385. [PMID: 37047359 PMCID: PMC10094810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a group of severe, progressive, and debilitating diseases with limited therapeutic options. This study aimed to explore novel therapeutic targets in PAH through bioinformatics and experiments. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to detect gene modules related to PAH, based on the GSE15197, GSE113439, and GSE117261. GSE53408 was applied as validation set. Subsequently, the validated most differentially regulated hub gene was selected for further ex vivo and in vitro assays. PARM1, TSHZ2, and CCDC80 were analyzed as potential intervention targets for PAH. Consistently with the bioinformatic results, our ex vivo and in vitro data indicated that PARM1 expression increased significantly in the lung tissue and/or pulmonary artery of the MCT-induced PAH rats and hypoxia-induced PAH mice in comparison with the respective controls. Besides, a similar expression pattern of PARM1 was found in the hypoxia- and PDGF--treated isolated rat primary pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). In addition, hypoxia/PDGF--induced PARM1 protein expression could promote the elevation of phosphorylation of AKT, phosphorylation of FOXO3A and PCNA, and finally the proliferation of PASMCs in vitro, whereas PARM1 siRNA treatment inhibited it. Mechanistically, PARM1 promoted PAH via AKT/FOXO3A/PCNA signaling pathway-induced PASMC proliferation.
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Exploring the Role of Obesity in Dilated Cardiomyopathy Based on Bio-informatics Analysis. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9120462. [PMID: 36547458 PMCID: PMC9783214 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9120462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), contributing to increasing global disease burdens. Apart from heart failure, coronary artery disease, and arrhythmia, recent research has found that obesity also elevates the risk of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The main purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying biological role of obesity in increasing the risk of DCM. (2) Methods: The datasets GSE120895, GSE19303, and GSE2508 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed using GSE120895 for DCM and GSE2508 for obesity, and the findings were compiled to discover the common genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted for the common genes in RStudio. In addition, CIBERSORT was used to obtain the immune cellular composition from DEGs. The key genes were identified in the set of common genes by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm, the prognostic risk models of which were verified by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves in GSE19303. Finally, Spearman's correlation was used to explore the connections between key genes and immune cells. (3) Results: GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses showed that the main enriched terms of the common genes were transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), fibrillar collagen, NADPH oxidase activity, and multiple hormone-related signaling pathways. Both obesity and DCM had a disordered immune environment, especially obesity. The key genes NOX4, CCDC80, COL1A2, HTRA1, and KLHL29 may be primarily responsible for the changes. Spearman's correlation analysis performed for key genes and immune cells indicated that KLHL29 closely correlated to T cells and M2 macrophages, and HTRA1 very tightly correlated to plasma cells. (4) Conclusions: Bio-informatics analyses performed for DCM and obesity in our study suggested that obesity disturbed the immune micro-environment, promoted oxidative stress, and increased myocardial fibrosis, resulting in ventricular remodeling and an increased risk of DCM. The key genes KLHL29 and HTRA1 may play critical roles in obesity-related DCM.
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Yin A, Yuan R, Xiao Q, Zhang W, Xu K, Yang X, Yang W, Xu L, Wang X, Zhuang F, Li Y, Cai Z, Sun Z, Zhou B, He B, Shen L. Exercise-derived peptide protects against pathological cardiac remodeling. EBioMedicine 2022; 82:104164. [PMID: 35843176 PMCID: PMC9297110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise training protects the heart against pathological cardiac remodeling and confers cardioprotection from heart failure. However, the underlying mechanism is still elusive. Methods An integrative analysis of multi-omics data of the skeletal muscle in response to exercise is performed to search for potential exerkine. Then, CCDC80tide is examined in humans after acute exercise. The role of CCDC80tide is assessed in a mouse model of hypertensive cardiac remodeling and in hypertension-mediated cell injury models. The transcriptomic analysis and immunoprecipitation assay are conducted to explore the mechanism. Findings The coiled-coil domain-containing protein 80 (CCDC80) is found strongly positively associated with exercise. Interestingly, exercise stimuli induce the secretion of C-terminal CCDC80 (referred as CCDC80tide hereafter) via EVs-encapsulated CCDC80tide into the circulation. Importantly, cardiac-specific expression of CCDC80tide protects against angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice. In in vitro studies, the expression of CCDC80tide reduces Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, cardiac microvascular endothelial cell (CMEC) inflammation, and mitigated vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and collagen formation. To understand the cardioprotective effect of CCDC80tide, a transcriptomic analysis reveals a dramatic inhibition of the STAT3 (Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) signaling pathway in CCDC80tide overexpressing cells. Mechanistically, CCDC80tide selectively interacts with the kinase-active form of JAK2 (Janus kinase 2) and consequently inhibits its kinase activity to phosphorylate and activate STAT3. Interpretation The results provide new insights into exercise-afforded cardioprotection in pathological cardiac remodeling and highlight the therapeutic potential of CCDC80tide in heart failure treatment. Funding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant/Award Numbers: 81770428, 81830010, 82130012, 81900438, 82100447); Shanghai Science and Technology Committee [Grant/Award Numbers: 21S11903000, 19JC1415702]; Emerging and Advanced Technology Programs of Hospital Development Center of Shanghai [Grant/Award Number: SHDC12018129]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2021M692108]; and China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents [BX20200211].
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwen Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ruosen Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qingqing Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wentao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Fei Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhaohua Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ben He
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Linghong Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
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Adachi Y, Higuchi A, Wakai E, Shiromizu T, Koiwa J, Nishimura Y. Involvement of homeobox transcription factor Mohawk in palatogenesis. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2022; 62:27-37. [PMID: 34816492 DOI: 10.1111/cga.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Palatogenesis is affected by many factors, including gene polymorphisms and exposure to toxic chemicals during sensitive developmental periods. Cleft palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies, and ongoing efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying palatogenesis are providing useful insights to reduce the risk of this disorder. To identify novel potential regulators of palatogenesis, we analyzed public transcriptome datasets from a mouse model of cleft palate caused by selective deletion of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) receptor type 2 in cranial neural crest cells. We identified the homeobox transcription factor Mohawk (Mkx) as a gene downregulated in the maxilla of TGFβ knockout mice compared with wild-type mice. To examine the role of mkx in palatogenesis, we used CRISPR/Cas9 editing to generate zebrafish with impaired expression of mkxa and mkxb, the zebrafish homologs of Mkx. We found that mkx crispants expressed reduced levels of gli1, a critical transcription factor in the Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway that plays an important role in the regulation of palatogenesis. Furthermore, we found that mkxa-/- zebrafish were more susceptible than mkxa+/+ zebrafish to the deleterious effects of cyclopamine, an inhibitor of SHH signaling, on upper jaw development. These results suggest that Mkx may be involved in palatogenesis regulated by TGFβ and SHH signaling, and that impairment in Mkx function may be related to the etiology of cleft palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Adachi
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Aina Higuchi
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Eri Wakai
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Takashi Shiromizu
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Junko Koiwa
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Yuhei Nishimura
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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Changes in chromatin accessibility landscape and histone H3 core acetylation during valproic acid-induced differentiation of embryonic stem cells. Epigenetics Chromatin 2021; 14:58. [PMID: 34955095 PMCID: PMC8711205 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-021-00432-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Directed differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provides powerful models to dissect the molecular mechanisms leading to the formation of specific cell lineages. Treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors can significantly enhance the efficiency of directed differentiation. However, the mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we use CUT&RUN in combination with ATAC-seq to determine changes in both histone modifications and genome-wide chromatin accessibility following valproic acid (VPA) exposure. VPA induced a significant increase in global histone H3 acetylation (H3K56ac), a core histone modification affecting nucleosome stability, as well as enrichment at loci associated with cytoskeletal organization and cellular morphogenesis. In addition, VPA altered the levels of linker histone H1 subtypes and the total histone H1/nucleosome ratio indicative of initial differentiation events. Notably, ATAC-seq analysis revealed changes in chromatin accessibility of genes involved in regulation of CDK serine/threonine kinase activity and DNA duplex unwinding. Importantly, changes in chromatin accessibility were evident at several key genomic loci, such as the pluripotency factor Lefty, cardiac muscle troponin Tnnt2, and the homeodomain factor Hopx, which play critical roles in cardiomyocyte differentiation. Massive parallel transcription factor (TF) footprinting also indicates an increased occupancy of TFs involved in differentiation toward mesoderm and endoderm lineages and a loss of footprints of POU5F1/SOX2 pluripotency factors following VPA treatment. Our results provide the first genome-wide analysis of the chromatin landscape following VPA-induced differentiation in mESCs and provide new mechanistic insight into the intricate molecular processes that govern departure from pluripotency and early lineage commitment.
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Kolur V, Vastrad B, Vastrad C, Kotturshetti S, Tengli A. Identification of candidate biomarkers and therapeutic agents for heart failure by bioinformatics analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:329. [PMID: 34218797 PMCID: PMC8256614 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-02146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heart failure (HF) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome and affects millions of people all over the world. HF occurs when the cardiac overload and injury, which is a worldwide complaint. The aim of this study was to screen and verify hub genes involved in developmental HF as well as to explore active drug molecules. METHODS The expression profiling by high throughput sequencing of GSE141910 dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, which contained 366 samples, including 200 heart failure samples and 166 non heart failure samples. The raw data was integrated to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and were further analyzed with bioinformatics analysis. Gene ontology (GO) and REACTOME enrichment analyses were performed via ToppGene; protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of the DEGs was constructed based on data from the HiPPIE interactome database; modules analysis was performed; target gene-miRNA regulatory network and target gene-TF regulatory network were constructed and analyzed; hub genes were validated; molecular docking studies was performed. RESULTS A total of 881 DEGs, including 442 up regulated genes and 439 down regulated genes were observed. Most of the DEGs were significantly enriched in biological adhesion, extracellular matrix, signaling receptor binding, secretion, intrinsic component of plasma membrane, signaling receptor activity, extracellular matrix organization and neutrophil degranulation. The top hub genes ESR1, PYHIN1, PPP2R2B, LCK, TP63, PCLAF, CFTR, TK1, ECT2 and FKBP5 were identified from the PPI network. Module analysis revealed that HF was associated with adaptive immune system and neutrophil degranulation. The target genes, miRNAs and TFs were identified from the target gene-miRNA regulatory network and target gene-TF regulatory network. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and RT-PCR analysis revealed that ESR1, PYHIN1, PPP2R2B, LCK, TP63, PCLAF, CFTR, TK1, ECT2 and FKBP5 might serve as prognostic, diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic target for HF. The predicted targets of these active molecules were then confirmed. CONCLUSION The current investigation identified a series of key genes and pathways that might be involved in the progression of HF, providing a new understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayakrishna Kolur
- Vihaan Heart Care & Super Specialty Centre, Vivekananda General Hospital, Deshpande Nagar, Hubli, Karnataka, 580029, India
| | - Basavaraj Vastrad
- Department of Biochemistry, Basaveshwar College of Pharmacy, Gadag, Karnataka, 582103, India
| | - Chanabasayya Vastrad
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad, 580001, Karnataka, India.
| | - Shivakumar Kotturshetti
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad, 580001, Karnataka, India
| | - Anandkumar Tengli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru and JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India
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Cornelissen A, Guo L, Fernandez R, Kelly MC, Janifer C, Kuntz S, Sakamoto A, Jinnouchi H, Sato Y, Paek KH, Kolodgie FD, Romero ME, Surve D, Virmani R, Finn AV. Endothelial Recovery in Bare Metal Stents and Drug-Eluting Stents on a Single-Cell Level. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2277-2292. [PMID: 34162228 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Cornelissen
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., L.G., R.F., C.J., S.K., A.S., H.J., Y.S., K.H.P., F.D.K., M.E.R., D.S., R.V., A.V.F.).,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany (A.C.)
| | - Liang Guo
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., L.G., R.F., C.J., S.K., A.S., H.J., Y.S., K.H.P., F.D.K., M.E.R., D.S., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Raquel Fernandez
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., L.G., R.F., C.J., S.K., A.S., H.J., Y.S., K.H.P., F.D.K., M.E.R., D.S., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Michael C Kelly
- Single Cell Analysis Facility, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD (M.C.K.)
| | - Christine Janifer
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., L.G., R.F., C.J., S.K., A.S., H.J., Y.S., K.H.P., F.D.K., M.E.R., D.S., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Salome Kuntz
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., L.G., R.F., C.J., S.K., A.S., H.J., Y.S., K.H.P., F.D.K., M.E.R., D.S., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Atsushi Sakamoto
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., L.G., R.F., C.J., S.K., A.S., H.J., Y.S., K.H.P., F.D.K., M.E.R., D.S., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Hiroyuki Jinnouchi
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., L.G., R.F., C.J., S.K., A.S., H.J., Y.S., K.H.P., F.D.K., M.E.R., D.S., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Yu Sato
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., L.G., R.F., C.J., S.K., A.S., H.J., Y.S., K.H.P., F.D.K., M.E.R., D.S., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Ka Hyun Paek
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., L.G., R.F., C.J., S.K., A.S., H.J., Y.S., K.H.P., F.D.K., M.E.R., D.S., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Frank D Kolodgie
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., L.G., R.F., C.J., S.K., A.S., H.J., Y.S., K.H.P., F.D.K., M.E.R., D.S., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Maria E Romero
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., L.G., R.F., C.J., S.K., A.S., H.J., Y.S., K.H.P., F.D.K., M.E.R., D.S., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Dipti Surve
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., L.G., R.F., C.J., S.K., A.S., H.J., Y.S., K.H.P., F.D.K., M.E.R., D.S., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Renu Virmani
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., L.G., R.F., C.J., S.K., A.S., H.J., Y.S., K.H.P., F.D.K., M.E.R., D.S., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Aloke V Finn
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., L.G., R.F., C.J., S.K., A.S., H.J., Y.S., K.H.P., F.D.K., M.E.R., D.S., R.V., A.V.F.).,University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore (A.V.F.)
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Sun H, Hodgkinson CP, Pratt RE, Dzau VJ. CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Deletion of the Angiotensinogen Gene Reduces Hypertension: A Potential for Cure? Hypertension 2021; 77:1990-2000. [PMID: 33813849 PMCID: PMC9896968 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualing Sun
- Mandel Center and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Conrad P. Hodgkinson
- Mandel Center and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Richard E. Pratt
- Mandel Center and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Victor J. Dzau
- Mandel Center and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
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Wang HH, Luo WY, Lin M, Li XJ, Xiang GD, D Triganti S. Plasma asprosin, CCDC80 and ANGPTL4 levels are associated with metabolic and cardiovascular risk in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Physiol Res 2021; 70:203-211. [PMID: 33676388 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Asprosin, coiled-coil domain-containing 80(CCDC80) and angiopoietin-like4(ANGPTL4) are newly discovered adipocytokine that affects glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. The goal of this study was to investigate if a relationship exists among asprosin, CCDC80 and ANGPTL4 and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Fifty subjects with newly diagnosed IBD and fifty healthy individuals were enrolled. Patients were treated with standard therapies for 3 months. Plasma asprosin, CCDC80 and ANGPTL4 levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. High resolution ultrasound was used to measure brachial artery diameter at rest, after reactive hyperemia (flow-mediated dilation, FMD) and after sublingual glyceryltrinitrate.Compare with healthy individuals, plasma CCDC80,erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and homeostasis modelassessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were significantly higher (p < 0.05, respectively), whereas plasma asprosin,ANGPTL4 levels and FMD were significantly lower inboth UC and CD patients(p <0.05). Plasma CCDC80 levels were significantly higher in patients with CD (p<0.05), while plasma asprosin and ANGPTL4 levels were lower (p<0.05) as compared with those in patients with UC. Standard therapies increased plasma asprosin, ANGPTL4 levels and FMD in both UC and CD (p<0.05),UC and CD patientswhile decreased plasma CCDC80, ESR, CRP levels and HOMA-IR (p<0.05). The changes in HOMA-IR and FMD were correlated with the changes in plasma asprosin, CCDC80 and ANGPTL4 levels over the study period (p<0.05). Plasma asprosin, CCDC80 and ANGPTL4 levels may be applied as a significant marker for early stage of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis in IBD, especially of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Hua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tungwah Hospitalof Sun Yat-Sen University, Dongguan, China.
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Hemnes A, Rothman AMK, Swift AJ, Zisman LS. Role of biomarkers in evaluation, treatment and clinical studies of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pulm Circ 2020; 10:2045894020957234. [PMID: 33282185 PMCID: PMC7682212 DOI: 10.1177/2045894020957234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a complex disease resulting from the interplay of myriad biological and environmental processes that lead to remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature with consequent pulmonary hypertension. Despite currently available therapies, there remains significant morbidity and mortality in this disease. There is great interest in identifying and applying biomarkers to help diagnose patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, inform prognosis, guide therapy, and serve as surrogate endpoints. An extensive literature on potential biomarker candidates is available, but barriers to the implementation of biomarkers for clinical use in pulmonary arterial hypertension are substantial. Various omic strategies have been undertaken to identify key pathways regulated in pulmonary arterial hypertension that could serve as biomarkers including genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic approaches. Other biologically relevant components such as circulating cells, microRNAs, exosomes, and cell-free DNA have recently been gaining attention. Because of the size of the datasets generated by these omic approaches and their complexity, artificial intelligence methods are being increasingly applied to decipher their meaning. There is growing interest in imaging the lung with various modalities to understand and visualize processes in the lung that lead to pulmonary vascular remodeling including high resolution computed tomography, Xenon magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography. Such imaging modalities have the potential to demonstrate disease modification resulting from therapeutic interventions. Because right ventricular function is a major determinant of prognosis, imaging of the right ventricle with echocardiography or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging plays an important role in the evaluation of patients and may also be useful in clinical studies of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hemnes
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Andrew J Swift
- University of Sheffield and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
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13
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Ashikawa Y, Shiromizu T, Miura K, Adachi Y, Matsui T, Bessho Y, Tanaka T, Nishimura Y. C3orf70 Is Involved in Neural and Neurobehavioral Development. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12040156. [PMID: 31623237 PMCID: PMC6958487 DOI: 10.3390/ph12040156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogenesis is the process by which undifferentiated progenitor cells develop into mature and functional neurons. Defects in neurogenesis are associated with neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders; therefore, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying neurogenesis can advance our understanding of the pathophysiology of these disorders and facilitate the discovery of novel therapeutic targets. In this study, we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis to identify common targets of the proneural transcription factors Neurog1/2 and Ascl1 during neurogenesis of human and mouse stem cells. We successfully identified C3orf70 as a novel common target gene of Neurog1/2 and Ascl1 during neurogenesis. Using in situ hybridization, we demonstrated that c3orf70a and c3orf70b, two orthologs of C3orf70, were expressed in the midbrain and hindbrain of zebrafish larvae. We generated c3orf70 knockout zebrafish using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and demonstrated that loss of c3orf70 resulted in significantly decreased expression of the mature neuron markers elavl3 and eno2. We also found that expression of irx3b, a zebrafish ortholog of IRX3 and a midbrain/hindbrain marker, was significantly reduced in c3orf70 knockout zebrafish. Finally, we demonstrated that neurobehaviors related to circadian rhythm and altered light–dark conditions were significantly impaired in c3orf70 knockout zebrafish. These results suggest that C3orf70 is involved in neural and neurobehavioral development and that defects in C3orf70 may be associated with midbrain/hindbrain-related neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Ashikawa
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (Y.A.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.A.)
| | - Takashi Shiromizu
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (Y.A.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.A.)
| | - Koki Miura
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (Y.A.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.A.)
| | - Yuka Adachi
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (Y.A.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.A.)
| | - Takaaki Matsui
- Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama, Nara 630-0192, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.B.)
| | - Yasumasa Bessho
- Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama, Nara 630-0192, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.B.)
| | - Toshio Tanaka
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan;
| | - Yuhei Nishimura
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (Y.A.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.A.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Benchoula K, Khatib A, Jaffar A, Ahmed QU, Sulaiman WMAW, Wahab RA, El-Seedi HR. The promise of zebrafish as a model of metabolic syndrome. Exp Anim 2019; 68:407-416. [PMID: 31118344 PMCID: PMC6842808 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.18-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster including hyperglycaemia, obesity, hypertension, and
hypertriglyceridaemia as a result of biochemical and physiological alterations and can
increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Fundamental research on this
disease requires validated animal models. One potential animal model that is rapidly
gaining in popularity is zebrafish (Danio rerio). The use of zebrafish as
an animal model conveys several advantages, including high human genetic homology,
transparent embryos and larvae that allow easier visualization. This review discusses how
zebrafish models contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome studies. Different
diseases in the cluster of metabolic syndrome, such as hyperglycaemia, obesity, diabetes,
and hypertriglyceridaemia, have been successfully studied using zebrafish; and the model
is promising for hypertension and cardiovascular metabolic-related diseases due to its
genetic similarity to mammals. Genetic mutation, chemical induction, and dietary
alteration are among the tools used to improve zebrafish models. This field is expanding,
and thus, more effective and efficient techniques are currently developed to fulfil the
increasing demand for thorough investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Benchoula
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Sultan Ahmad Shah Street, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Alfi Khatib
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Sultan Ahmad Shah Street, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia.,Central Research and Animal Facility (CREAM), Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Sultan Ahamad Shah Street, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ashika Jaffar
- School of Biosciences & Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Qamar Udin Ahmed
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Sultan Ahmad Shah Street, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Wan Mohd Azizi Wan Sulaiman
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Sultan Ahmad Shah Street, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ridhwan Abd Wahab
- Kulliyah of Allied Health Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Sultan Ahmad Shah Street, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.,Alrayan Medical colleges, Medina 42541, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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15
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Naert T, Vleminckx K. CRISPR/Cas9 disease models in zebrafish and Xenopus: The genetic renaissance of fish and frogs. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2018; 28:41-52. [PMID: 30205880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The speed by which clinical genomics is currently identifying novel potentially pathogenic variants is outperforming the speed by which these can be functionally (genotype-phenotype) annotated in animal disease models. However, over the past few years the emergence of CRISPR/Cas9 as a straight-forward genome editing technology has revolutionized disease modeling in vertebrate non-mammalian model organisms such as zebrafish, medaka and Xenopus. It is now finally possible, by CRISPR/Cas9, to rapidly establish clinically relevant disease models in these organisms. Interestingly, these can provide both cost-effective genotype-phenotype correlations for gene-(variants) and genomic rearrangements obtained from clinical practice, as well as be exploited to perform translational research to improve prospects of disease afflicted patients. In this review, we show an extensive overview of these new CRISPR/Cas9-mediated disease models and provide future prospects that will allow increasingly accurate modeling of human disease in zebrafish, medaka and Xenopus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Naert
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kris Vleminckx
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium; Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium.
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16
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Dyjack N, Goleva E, Rios C, Kim BE, Bin L, Taylor P, Bronchick C, Hall CF, Richers BN, Seibold MA, Leung DYM. Minimally invasive skin tape strip RNA sequencing identifies novel characteristics of the type 2-high atopic dermatitis disease endotype. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 141:1298-1309. [PMID: 29309794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression profiling of skin biopsy specimens has established molecular features of the skin in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). The invasiveness of biopsies has prevented their use in defining individual-level AD pathobiological mechanisms (endotypes) in large research studies. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether minimally invasive skin tape strip transcriptome analysis identifies gene expression dysregulation in AD and molecular disease endotypes. METHODS We sampled nonlesional and lesional skin tape strips and biopsy specimens from white adult patients with AD (18 male and 12 female patients; age [mean ± SE], 36.3 ± 2.2 years) and healthy control subjects (9 male and 16 female subjects; age [mean ± SE], 34.8 ± 2.2 years). AmpliSeq whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed on extracted RNA. Differential expression, clustering/pathway analyses, immunostaining of skin biopsy specimens, and clinical trait correlations were performed. RESULTS Skin tape expression profiles were distinct from skin biopsy profiles and better sampled epidermal differentiation complex genes. Skin tape expression of 29 immune and epidermis-related genes (false discovery rate < 5%) separated patients with AD from healthy subjects. Agnostic gene set analyses and clustering revealed 50% of patients with AD exhibited a type 2 inflammatory signature (type 2-high endotype) characterized by differential expression of 656 genes, including overexpression of IL13, IL4R, CCL22, CCR4 (log2 fold change = 5.5, 2.0, 4.0, and 4.1, respectively) and at a pathway level by TH2/dendritic cell activation. Both expression and immunostaining of skin biopsy specimens indicated this type 2-high group was enriched for inflammatory, type 2-skewed dendritic cells expressing FcεRI. The type 2-high endotype group exhibited more severe disease by using both the Eczema Area and Severity Index score and body surface area covered by lesions. CONCLUSION Minimally invasive expression profiling of nonlesional skin reveals stratification in AD molecular pathology by type 2 inflammation that correlates with disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Dyjack
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Elena Goleva
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Cydney Rios
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Byung Eui Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Lianghua Bin
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Patricia Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | | | - Clifton F Hall
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | | | - Max A Seibold
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo; Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo; Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colo.
| | - Donald Y M Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colo.
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17
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Potential protective function of the sterol regulatory element binding factor 1-fatty acid desaturase 1/2 axis in early-stage age-related macular degeneration. Heliyon 2017; 3:e00266. [PMID: 28367511 PMCID: PMC5362043 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of vision loss in elderly individuals throughout the developed world. Inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor have been successfully used to treat choroidal neovascularization in late-stage AMD. The pathogenesis of early-stage AMD, however, remains largely unknown, impairing efforts to develop effective therapies that prevent progression to late-stage AMD. To address this, we performed comparative transcriptomics of macular and extramacular retinal pigmented epithelium-choroid (RPE-choroid) tissue from early-stage AMD patients. We found that expression of fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1), FADS2, and acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) is increased in macular but not extramacular tissue, possibly through activation of sterol regulatory element binding factor 1 (SREBF1). Consistent with this, we also found that expression of Fads1 is increased in RPE-choroid in a mouse model of early-stage AMD. In zebrafish, deletion of fads2, which encodes a protein that functions as both Fads1 and Fads2 in other species, enhanced apoptosis in the retina upon exposure to intense light. Similarly, pharmacological inhibition of Srebf1 enhanced apoptosis and reduced fads2 expression in zebrafish exposed to intense light. These results suggest that the SREBF1-FADS1/2 axis may be activated in macular RPE-choroid as a protective response during early-stage AMD and could thus be a therapeutic target for early-stage AMD.
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18
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Elçin AE, Parmaksiz M, Dogan A, Seker S, Durkut S, Dalva K, Elçin YM. Differential gene expression profiling of human adipose stem cells differentiating into smooth muscle-like cells by TGFβ1/BMP4. Exp Cell Res 2017; 352:207-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Integrated Approaches to Drug Discovery for Oxidative Stress-Related Retinal Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:2370252. [PMID: 28053689 PMCID: PMC5174186 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2370252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress induces dysregulation of functional networks in the retina, resulting in retinal diseases such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Although various therapies have been developed to reduce oxidative stress in retinal diseases, most have failed to show efficacy in clinical trials. This may be due to oversimplification of target selection for such a complex network as oxidative stress. Recent advances in high-throughput technologies have facilitated the collection of multilevel omics data, which has driven growth in public databases and in the development of bioinformatics tools. Integration of the knowledge gained from omics databases can be used to generate disease-related biological networks and to identify potential therapeutic targets within the networks. Here, we provide an overview of integrative approaches in the drug discovery process and provide simple examples of how the approaches can be exploited to identify oxidative stress-related targets for retinal diseases.
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20
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Stemmler S, Hoffjan S. Trying to understand the genetics of atopic dermatitis. Mol Cell Probes 2016; 30:374-385. [PMID: 27725295 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common and complex skin disease associated with both genetic and environmental factors. Loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin gene, encoding a structural protein with an important role in epidermal barrier function, constitutes a well recognised susceptibility locus for AD. Further, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including large meta-analyses, have discovered 38 additional susceptibility loci with genome-wide significance. However, the reported variations only explain a fraction of the overall heritability of AD. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the role of filaggrin and the epidermal differentiation complex as well as the results of GWAS, with an emphasis on novel findings and observations made in the past two years. Additionally, we present first results of exome sequencing for AD and discuss novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabine Hoffjan
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
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21
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Sasagawa S, Nishimura Y, Okabe S, Murakami S, Ashikawa Y, Yuge M, Kawaguchi K, Kawase R, Okamoto R, Ito M, Tanaka T. Downregulation of GSTK1 Is a Common Mechanism Underlying Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:162. [PMID: 27378925 PMCID: PMC4905960 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy and is associated with a number of potential outcomes, including impaired diastolic function, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. Various etiologies have been described for HCM, including pressure overload and mutations in sarcomeric and non-sarcomeric genes. However, the molecular pathogenesis of HCM remains incompletely understood. In this study, we performed comparative transcriptome analysis to identify dysregulated genes common to five mouse HCM models of differing etiology: (i) mutation of myosin heavy chain 6, (ii) mutation of tropomyosin 1, (iii) expressing human phospholamban on a null background, (iv) knockout of frataxin, and (v) transverse aortic constriction. Gene-by-gene comparison identified five genes dysregulated in all five HCM models. Glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 (Gstk1) was significantly downregulated in the five models, whereas myosin heavy chain 7 (Myh7), connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf), periostin (Postn), and reticulon 4 (Rtn4) were significantly upregulated. Gene ontology comparison revealed that 51 cellular processes were significantly enriched in genes dysregulated in each transcriptome dataset. Among them, six processes (oxidative stress, aging, contraction, developmental process, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation) were related to four of the five genes dysregulated in all HCM models. GSTK1 was related to oxidative stress only, whereas the other four genes were related to all six cell processes except MYH7 for oxidative stress. Gene–gene functional interaction network analysis suggested correlative expression of GSTK1, MYH7, and actin alpha 2 (ACTA2). To investigate the implications of Gstk1 downregulation for cardiac function, we knocked out gstk1 in zebrafish using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9 system. We found that expression of the zebrafish homologs of MYH7, ACTA2, and actin alpha 1 were increased in the gstk1-knockout zebrafish. In vivo imaging of zebrafish expressing a fluorescent protein in cardiomyocytes showed that gstk1 deletion significantly decreased the end diastolic volume and, to a lesser extent, end systolic volume. These results suggest that downregulation of GSTK1 may be a common mechanism underlying HCM of various etiologies, possibly through increasing oxidative stress and the expression of sarcomere genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Sasagawa
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu Japan
| | - Yuhei Nishimura
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, TsuJapan; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, TsuJapan; Mie University Medical Zebrafish Research Center, TsuJapan; Department of Omics Medicine, Mie University Industrial Technology Innovation Institute, TsuJapan; Department of Bioinformatics, Mie University Life Science Research Center, TsuJapan
| | - Shiko Okabe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu Japan
| | - Soichiro Murakami
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Ashikawa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu Japan
| | - Mizuki Yuge
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu Japan
| | - Koki Kawaguchi
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu Japan
| | - Reiko Kawase
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu Japan
| | - Ryuji Okamoto
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu Japan
| | - Masaaki Ito
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu Japan
| | - Toshio Tanaka
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, TsuJapan; Mie University Medical Zebrafish Research Center, TsuJapan; Department of Omics Medicine, Mie University Industrial Technology Innovation Institute, TsuJapan; Department of Bioinformatics, Mie University Life Science Research Center, TsuJapan
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