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Guo Z, Hu YH, Feng GS, Valenzuela Ripoll C, Li ZZ, Cai SD, Wang QQ, Luo WW, Li Q, Liang LY, Wu ZK, Zhang JG, Javaheri A, Wang L, Lu J, Liu PQ. JMJD6 protects against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy via inhibition of NF-κB activation by demethylating R149 of the p65 subunit. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:1777-1789. [PMID: 37186122 PMCID: PMC10462732 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01086-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone modification plays an important role in pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. In this study we investigated the role of a histone arginine demethylase, Jumonji C domain-containing protein 6 (JMJD6) in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (ISO, 1.2 mg·kg-1·d-1) for a week. At the end of the experiment, the rats underwent echocardiography, followed by euthanasia and heart collection. We found that JMJD6 levels were compensatorily increased in ISO-induced hypertrophic cardiac tissues, but reduced in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Furthermore, we demonstrated that JMJD6 overexpression significantly attenuated ISO-induced hypertrophy in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) evidenced by the decreased cardiomyocyte surface area and hypertrophic genes expression. Cardiac-specific JMJD6 overexpression in rats protected the hearts against ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, and rescued cardiac function. Conversely, depletion of JMJD6 by single-guide RNA (sgRNA) exacerbated ISO-induced hypertrophic responses in NRCMs. We revealed that JMJD6 interacted with NF-κB p65 in cytoplasm and reduced nuclear levels of p65 under hypertrophic stimulation in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, JMJD6 bound to p65 and demethylated p65 at the R149 residue to inhibit the nuclear translocation of p65, thus inactivating NF-κB signaling and protecting against pathological cardiac hypertrophy. In addition, we found that JMJD6 demethylated histone H3R8, which might be a new histone substrate of JMJD6. These results suggest that JMJD6 may be a potential target for therapeutic interventions in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Yue-Huai Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guo-Shuai Feng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Carla Valenzuela Ripoll
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Zhen-Zhen Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Si-Dong Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wen-Wei Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Li-Ying Liang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhong-Kai Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ji-Guo Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, China
| | - Ali Javaheri
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, China.
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Pei-Qing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, China.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation; Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Diniz MS, Grilo LF, Tocantins C, Falcão-Pires I, Pereira SP. Made in the Womb: Maternal Programming of Offspring Cardiovascular Function by an Obesogenic Womb. Metabolites 2023; 13:845. [PMID: 37512552 PMCID: PMC10386510 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity incidence has been increasing at an alarming rate, especially in women of reproductive age. It is estimated that 50% of pregnancies occur in overweight or obese women. It has been described that maternal obesity (MO) predisposes the offspring to an increased risk of developing many chronic diseases in an early stage of life, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is the main cause of death worldwide among men and women, and it is manifested in a sex-divergent way. Maternal nutrition and MO during gestation could prompt CVD development in the offspring through adaptations of the offspring's cardiovascular system in the womb, including cardiac epigenetic and persistent metabolic programming of signaling pathways and modulation of mitochondrial metabolic function. Currently, despite diet supplementation, effective therapeutical solutions to prevent the deleterious cardiac offspring function programming by an obesogenic womb are lacking. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which an obesogenic intrauterine environment could program the offspring's cardiovascular metabolism in a sex-divergent way, with a special focus on cardiac mitochondrial function, and debate possible strategies to implement during MO pregnancy that could ameliorate, revert, or even prevent deleterious effects of MO on the offspring's cardiovascular system. The impact of maternal physical exercise during an obesogenic pregnancy, nutritional interventions, and supplementation on offspring's cardiac metabolism are discussed, highlighting changes that may be favorable to MO offspring's cardiovascular health, which might result in the attenuation or even prevention of the development of CVD in MO offspring. The objectives of this manuscript are to comprehensively examine the various aspects of MO during pregnancy and explore the underlying mechanisms that contribute to an increased CVD risk in the offspring. We review the current literature on MO and its impact on the offspring's cardiometabolic health. Furthermore, we discuss the potential long-term consequences for the offspring. Understanding the multifaceted effects of MO on the offspring's health is crucial for healthcare providers, researchers, and policymakers to develop effective strategies for prevention and intervention to improve care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana S Diniz
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Ph.D. Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís F Grilo
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Ph.D. Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina Tocantins
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Ph.D. Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês Falcão-Pires
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana P Pereira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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Wu K, Wang Y, Liu R, Wang H, Rui T. The role of mammalian Sirtuin 6 in cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1207133. [PMID: 37497437 PMCID: PMC10366693 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1207133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are severe diseases posing threat to human health because of their high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The incidence of diabetes mellitus is also increasing rapidly. Various signaling molecules are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6), which is a class III histone deacetylase, has attracted numerous attentions since its discovery. Sirt6 enjoys a unique structure, important biological functions, and is involved in multiple cellular processes such as stress response, mitochondrial biogenesis, transcription, insulin resistance, inflammatory response, chromatin silencing, and apoptosis. Sirt6 also plays significant roles in regulating several cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, as well as cardiac remodeling, bringing Sirt6 into the focus of clinical interests. In this review, we examine the recent advances in understanding the mechanistic working through which Sirt6 alters the course of lethal cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus.
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Funamoto M, Imanishi M, Tsuchiya K, Ikeda Y. Roles of histone acetylation sites in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1133611. [PMID: 37008337 PMCID: PMC10050342 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1133611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure results from various physiological and pathological stimuli that lead to cardiac hypertrophy. This pathological process is common in several cardiovascular diseases and ultimately leads to heart failure. The development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure involves reprogramming of gene expression, a process that is highly dependent on epigenetic regulation. Histone acetylation is dynamically regulated by cardiac stress. Histone acetyltransferases play an important role in epigenetic remodeling in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. The regulation of histone acetyltransferases serves as a bridge between signal transduction and downstream gene reprogramming. Investigating the changes in histone acetyltransferases and histone modification sites in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure will provide new therapeutic strategies to treat these diseases. This review summarizes the association of histone acetylation sites and histone acetylases with cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, with emphasis on histone acetylation sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Funamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
- Correspondence: Masafumi Funamoto Yasumasa Ikeda
| | - Masaki Imanishi
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Koichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Ikeda
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
- Correspondence: Masafumi Funamoto Yasumasa Ikeda
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Transcriptome-Wide Study Revealed That N6-Methyladenosine Participates in Regulation Meat Production in Goats. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061159. [PMID: 36981086 PMCID: PMC10048064 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammals, skeletal muscle development is a complex biological process regulated by many factors. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification plays an important role in many biological processes. However, the regulation of m6A on skeletal muscle growth and development in adult goats remains unclear. In this study, Duan goats (DA) and Nubia goats (NBY), both female and 12 months old, were selected as the research objects, and m6A-Seq and RNA-Seq were mainly used to detect the difference of m6A modification and gene expression during the development of the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle in the two breeds. The results showed that compared with DA, the meat production performance of NBY was better than that of DA, and the modification level of m6A was higher than that of DA in LD. The m6A-Seq of LD indicated m6A peaks were mainly enriched in the coding sequence (CDS) and stop codon. A total of 161 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) and 1294 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in two breeds. GO and KEGG analysis showed that DMGs were closely related to cellular metabolism, and most of DMGs were enriched in pathways related to energy metabolism, muscle growth and development, mainly MAPK signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway and CGMP-PKG signaling pathway. The DEGs were significantly enriched in actin binding, calcium ion binding, angiogenesis, and other biological processes, and most of them were enriched in PI3K-Akt and CGMP-PKG signaling pathways. Combined analysis of m6A-Seq and RNA-Seq data revealed a negative correlation between differentially methylated m6A levels and mRNA abundance, and mRNA expression of the gene with m6A peak near 3′UTR will decrease. In addition, 11 DMGs regulating cell differentiation, muscle growth and development were identified. This study displayed the m6A profiles and distribution patterns in the goat transcriptome, determined the potential role of m6A modification in muscle growth and provided a new reference for the further study of goat skeletal muscle development.
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Li ZY, Lu GQ, Lu J, Wang PX, Zhang XL, Zou Y, Liu PQ. SZC-6, a small-molecule activator of SIRT3, attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:546-560. [PMID: 36042291 PMCID: PMC9958013 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00966-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin3 (SIRT3), a class III histone deacetylase, is implicated in various cardiovascular diseases as a novel therapeutic target. SIRT3 has been proven to be cardioprotective in a model of Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. However, a few small-molecule compounds targeting deacetylases could activate SIRT3. In this study, we generated a novel SIRT3 activator, 3-(2-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one (SZC-6), through structural optimization of the first SIRT3 agonist C12. We demonstrated that SZC-6 directly bound to SIRT3 with Kd value of 15 μM, and increased SIRT3 deacetylation activity with EC50 value of 23.2 ± 3.3 µM. In neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs), pretreatment with SZC-6 (10, 20, 40 µM) dose-dependently attenuated isoproterenol (ISO)-induced hypertrophic responses. Administration of SZC-6 (20, 40 and 60 mg·kg-1·d-1, s.c.) for 2 weeks starting from one week prior ISO treatment dose-dependently reversed ISO-induced impairment of diastolic and systolic cardiac function in wild-type mice, but not in SIRT3 knockdown mice. We showed that SZC-6 (10, 20, 40 µM) dose-dependently inhibited cardiac fibroblast proliferation and differentiation into myofibroblasts, which was abolished in SIRT3-knockdown mice. We further revealed that activation of SIRT3 by SZC-6 increased ATP production and rate of mitochondrial oxygen consumption, and reduced ROS, improving mitochondrial function in ISO-treated NRCMs. We also found that SZC-6 dose-dependently enhanced LKB1 phosphorylation, thereby promoting AMPK activation to inhibit Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fragmentation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that SZC-6 is a novel SIRT3 agonist with potential value in the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy partly through activation of the LKB1-AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yu Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratoty for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guo-Qing Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing Lu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratoty for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Pan-Xia Wang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratoty for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yong Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Pei-Qing Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratoty for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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7
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Dong XC. Sirtuin 6-A Key Regulator of Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Liver Health. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040663. [PMID: 36831330 PMCID: PMC9954390 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is an NAD-dependent deacetylase/deacylase/mono-ADP ribosyltransferase, a member of the sirtuin protein family. SIRT6 has been implicated in hepatic lipid homeostasis and liver health. Hepatic lipogenesis is driven by several master regulators including liver X receptor (LXR), carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP), and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1). Interestingly, these three transcription factors can be negatively regulated by SIRT6 through direct deacetylation. Fatty acid oxidation is regulated by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARα) in the liver. SIRT6 can promote fatty acid oxidation by the activation of PPARα or the suppression of miR-122. SIRT6 can also directly modulate acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 5 (ACSL5) activity for fatty acid oxidation. SIRT6 also plays a critical role in the regulation of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol through the regulation of SREBP2 and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), respectively. Hepatic deficiency of Sirt6 in mice has been shown to cause hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, hallmarks of alcoholic and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. SIRT6 can dampen hepatic inflammation through the modulation of macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 type. Hepatic stellate cells are a key cell type in hepatic fibrogenesis. SIRT6 plays a strong anti-fibrosis role by the suppression of multiple fibrogenic pathways including the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)-SMAD family proteins and Hippo pathways. The role of SIRT6 in liver cancer is quite complicated, as both tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting activities have been documented in the literature. Overall, SIRT6 has multiple salutary effects on metabolic homeostasis and liver health, and it may serve as a therapeutic target for hepatic metabolic diseases. To date, numerous activators and inhibitors of SIRT6 have been developed for translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Charlie Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Guo Z, Li P, Ge J, Li H. SIRT6 in Aging, Metabolism, Inflammation and Cardiovascular Diseases. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1787-1822. [PMID: 36465178 PMCID: PMC9662279 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As an important NAD+-dependent enzyme, SIRT6 has received significant attention since its discovery. In view of observations that SIRT6-deficient animals exhibit genomic instability and metabolic disorders and undergo early death, SIRT6 has long been considered a protein of longevity. Recently, growing evidence has demonstrated that SIRT6 functions as a deacetylase, mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase and long fatty deacylase and participates in a variety of cellular signaling pathways from DNA damage repair in the early stage to disease progression. In this review, we elaborate on the specific substrates and molecular mechanisms of SIRT6 in various physiological and pathological processes in detail, emphasizing its links to aging (genomic damage, telomere integrity, DNA repair), metabolism (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, insulin secretion and lipid synthesis, lipolysis, thermogenesis), inflammation and cardiovascular diseases (atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, ischemia-reperfusion injury). In addition, the most recent advances regarding SIRT6 modulators (agonists and inhibitors) as potential therapeutic agents for SIRT6-mediated diseases are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyang Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Guajardo-Correa E, Silva-Agüero JF, Calle X, Chiong M, Henríquez M, García-Rivas G, Latorre M, Parra V. Estrogen signaling as a bridge between the nucleus and mitochondria in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:968373. [PMID: 36187489 PMCID: PMC9516331 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.968373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Epidemiological studies indicate that pre-menopausal women are more protected against the development of CVDs compared to men of the same age. This effect is attributed to the action/effects of sex steroid hormones on the cardiovascular system. In this context, estrogen modulates cardiovascular function in physiological and pathological conditions, being one of the main physiological cardioprotective agents. Here we describe the common pathways and mechanisms by which estrogens modulate the retrograde and anterograde communication between the nucleus and mitochondria, highlighting the role of genomic and non-genomic pathways mediated by estrogen receptors. Additionally, we discuss the presumable role of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) in enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and function in different CVD models and how this protein could act as a master regulator of estrogen protective activity. Altogether, this review focuses on estrogenic control in gene expression and molecular pathways, how this activity governs nucleus-mitochondria communication, and its projection for a future generation of strategies in CVDs treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Guajardo-Correa
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Francisco Silva-Agüero
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Calle
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Center of Applied Nanoscience (CANS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Henríquez
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Red para el Estudio de Enfermedades Cardiopulmonares de Alta Letalidad (REECPAL), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gerardo García-Rivas
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, San Pedro Garza Garcia, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Latorre
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Mauricio Latorre, ; Valentina Parra,
| | - Valentina Parra
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Red para el Estudio de Enfermedades Cardiopulmonares de Alta Letalidad (REECPAL), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Mauricio Latorre, ; Valentina Parra,
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Han Y, Nie J, Wang DW, Ni L. Mechanism of histone deacetylases in cardiac hypertrophy and its therapeutic inhibitors. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:931475. [PMID: 35958418 PMCID: PMC9360326 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.931475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a key process in cardiac remodeling development, leading to ventricle enlargement and heart failure. Recently, studies show the complicated relation between cardiac hypertrophy and epigenetic modification. Post-translational modification of histone is an essential part of epigenetic modification, which is relevant to multiple cardiac diseases, especially in cardiac hypertrophy. There is a group of enzymes related in the balance of histone acetylation/deacetylation, which is defined as histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC). In this review, we introduce an important enzyme family HDAC, a key regulator in histone deacetylation. In cardiac hypertrophy HDAC I downregulates the anti-hypertrophy gene expression, including Kruppel-like factor 4 (Klf4) and inositol-5 phosphatase f (Inpp5f), and promote the development of cardiac hypertrophy. On the contrary, HDAC II binds to myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2 (MEF2), inhibit the assemble ability to HAT and protect against cardiac hypertrophy. Under adverse stimuli such as pressure overload and calcineurin stimulation, the HDAC II transfer to cytoplasm, and MEF2 can bind to nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) or GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4), mediating inappropriate gene expression. HDAC III, also known as SIRTs, can interact not only to transcription factors, but also exist interaction mechanisms to other HDACs, such as HDAC IIa. We also present the latest progress of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi), as a potential treatment target in cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiali Nie
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Dao Wen Wang,
| | - Li Ni
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
- Li Ni,
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11
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Zhong QH, Zha SW, Lau ATY, Xu YM. Recent knowledge of NFATc4 in oncogenesis and cancer prognosis. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:212. [PMID: 35698138 PMCID: PMC9190084 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02619-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 (NFATc4), a transcription factor of NFAT family, which is activated by Ca2+/calcineurin signaling. Recently, it is reported that aberrantly activated NFATc4 participated and modulated in the initiation, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of various cancers (including cancers of the lung, breast, ovary, cervix, skin, liver, pancreas, as well as glioma, primary myelofibrosis and acute myelocytic leukemia). In this review, we cover the latest knowledge on NFATc4 expression pattern, post-translational modification, epigenetic regulation, transcriptional activity regulation and its downstream targets. Furthermore, we perform database analysis to reveal the prognostic value of NFATc4 in various cancers and discuss the current unexplored areas of NFATc4 research. All in all, the result from these studies strongly suggest that NFATc4 has the potential as a molecular therapeutic target in multiple human cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Hua Zhong
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-Wei Zha
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Andy T. Y. Lau
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ming Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
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12
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Shao Y, Wang X, Zhou Y, Jiang Y, Wu R, Lu C. Pterostilbene attenuates RIPK3-dependent hepatocyte necroptosis in alcoholic liver disease via SIRT2-mediated NFATc4 deacetylation. Toxicology 2021; 461:152923. [PMID: 34474091 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK) 3-dependent necroptosis plays a critical role in alcoholic liver disease. RIPK3 also facilitates steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Pterostilbene (PTS) has favorable hepatoprotective activities. The present study was aimed to reveal the therapeutic effects of PTS on ethanol-induced hepatocyte necroptosis and further illustrate possible molecular mechanisms. Human hepatocytes LO2 were incubated with 100 mM ethanol for 24 h to mimic alcoholic hepatocyte injury. Results showed that PTS at 20 μM reduced damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) release, including IL-1α and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and blocked necroptotic signaling, evidenced by decreased RIPK1 and RIPK3 expression. Trypan blue staining visually showed that PTS reduced nonviable hepatocytes after ethanol exposure, which was counteracted by adenovirus-mediated ectopic overexpression of RIPK3 but not RIPK1. Besides, PTS inhibited ethanol-induced hepatocyte steatosis via restricting lipogenesis and enhancing lipolysis, decreased oxidative stress via rescuing mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing oxidative system, and enhancing antioxidant system, and relieved inflammation evidenced by decreased expression of proinflammatory factors. Notably, RIPK3 overexpression diminished these protective effects of PTS. Subsequent work indicated that PTS suppressed the expression and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells 4 (NFATc4), an acetylated protein, in ethanol-exposed hepatocytes, while NFATc4 overexpression impaired the negative regulation of PTS on RIPK3 and DAMPs release. Further, PTS rescued sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) expression, and SIRT2 knockdown abrogated the inhibitory effects of PTS on nuclear translocation and acetylation status of NFATc4 in ethanol-incubated hepatocytes. In conclusion, PTS attenuated RIPK3-dependent hepatocyte necroptosis after ethanol exposure via SIRT2-mediated NFATc4 deacetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiming Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruoman Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunfeng Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Zhang X, Zhang Z, Wang P, Han Y, Liu L, Li J, Chen Y, Liu D, Wang J, Tian X, Zhao Q, Yan F. Bawei Chenxiang Wan Ameliorates Cardiac Hypertrophy by Activating AMPK/PPAR-α Signaling Pathway Improving Energy Metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:653901. [PMID: 34149410 PMCID: PMC8209424 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.653901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bawei Chenxiang Wan (BCW), a well-known traditional Chinese Tibetan medicine formula, is effective for the treatment of acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effect of BCW in cardiac hypertrophy and underlying mechanisms. The dose of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 g/kg BCW treated cardiac hypertrophy in SD rat model induced by isoprenaline (ISO). Our results showed that BCW (0.4 g/kg) could repress cardiac hypertrophy, indicated by macro morphology, heart weight to body weight ratio (HW/BW), left ventricle heart weight to body weight ratio (LVW/BW), hypertrophy markers, heart function, pathological structure, cross-sectional area (CSA) of myocardial cells, and the myocardial enzymes. Furthermore, we declared the mechanism of BCW anti-hypertrophy effect was associated with activating adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) signals, which regulate carnitine palmitoyltransferase1β (CPT-1β) and glucose transport-4 (GLUT-4) to ameliorate glycolipid metabolism. Moreover, BCW also elevated mitochondrial DNA-encoded genes of NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1(ND1), cytochrome b (Cytb), and mitochondrially encoded cytochrome coxidase I (mt-co1) expression, which was associated with mitochondria function and oxidative phosphorylation. Subsequently, knocking down AMPK by siRNA significantly can reverse the anti-hypertrophy effect of BCW indicated by hypertrophy markers and cell surface of cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, BCW prevents ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by activating AMPK/PPAR-α to alleviate the disturbance in energy metabolism. Therefore, BCW can be used as an alternative drug for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhiying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Pengxiang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yiwei Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yichun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Duxia Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jinying Wang
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Tian
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Fengxia Yan
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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The poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of BRD4 mediated by PARP1 promoted pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:1286-1299. [PMID: 34094834 PMCID: PMC8148063 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family member BRD4 is pivotal in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy. BRD4 induces hypertrophic gene expression by binding to the acetylated chromatin, facilitating the phosphorylation of RNA polymerases II (Pol II) and leading to transcription elongation. The present study identified a novel post-translational modification of BRD4: poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation), that was mediated by poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (PARP1) in cardiac hypertrophy. BRD4 silencing or BET inhibitors JQ1 and MS417 prevented cardiac hypertrophic responses induced by isoproterenol (ISO), whereas overexpression of BRD4 promoted cardiac hypertrophy, confirming the critical role of BRD4 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. PARP1 was activated in ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy and facilitated the development of cardiac hypertrophy. BRD4 was involved in the prohypertrophic effect of PARP1, as implied by the observations that BRD4 inhibition or silencing reversed PARP1-induced hypertrophic responses, and that BRD4 overexpression suppressed the anti-hypertrophic effect of PARP1 inhibitors. Interactions of BRD4 and PARP1 were observed by co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence. PARylation of BRD4 induced by PARP1 was investigated by PARylation assays. In response to hypertrophic stimuli like ISO, PARylation level of BRD4 was elevated, along with enhanced interactions between BRD4 and PARP1. By investigating the PARylation of truncation mutants of BRD4, the C-terminal domain (CTD) was identified as the PARylation modification sites of BRD4. PARylation of BRD4 facilitated its binding to the transcription start sites (TSS) of hypertrophic genes, resulting in enhanced phosphorylation of RNA Pol II and transcription activation of hypertrophic genes. The present findings suggest that strategies targeting inhibition of PARP1-BRD4 might have therapeutic potential for pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Key Words
- ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide
- BET, bromodomain and extraterminal domain
- BNP, brain natriuretic polypeptide
- BRD4
- BW, body weight
- CDK9, cyclin-dependent kinase 9
- Cardiac hypertrophy
- EF, ejection fraction
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- FS, fractional shortening
- HATs, histone acetyltransferases
- HDACs, histone deacetylases
- HE, hematoxylin-eosin
- HW, heart weight
- Hypertrophic genes
- IF, immunofluorescence
- ISO, isoproterenol
- Isoproterenol
- LVAW, left ventricular anterior wall thickness
- LVID, left ventricular internal diameter
- LVPW, left ventricular posterior wall thickness
- NC, negative control
- NRCMs, neonatal rat cardiomyocytes
- NS, normal saline
- PARP1
- PARP1, poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1
- PARylation
- PBS, phosphate buffer solution
- PSR, picrosirius red
- RNA Pol II
- RNA Pol II, RNA polymerases II
- SD, Sprague–Dawley
- TL, tibia length
- TSS, transcription start sites
- Transcription activation
- WGA, wheat germ agglutinin
- co-IP, co-immunoprecipitation
- siRNA, small-interfering RNA
- β-AR, β-adrenergic receptor
- β-MHC, β-myosin heavy chain
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15
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Palomer X, Aguilar-Recarte D, García R, Nistal JF, Vázquez-Carrera M. Sirtuins: To Be or Not To Be in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:554-571. [PMID: 33839024 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of death among people with diabetes. Despite its severity and poor prognosis, there are currently no approved specific drugs to prevent or even treat diabetic cardiomyopathy. There is a need to understand the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy to design new therapeutic strategies. These mechanisms are complex and intricate and include metabolic dysregulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and apoptosis. Sirtuins, a group of deacetylase enzymes, play an important role in all these processes and are, therefore, potential molecular targets for treating this disease. In this review, we discuss the role of sirtuins in the heart, focusing on their contribution to the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy and how their modulation could be therapeutically useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Palomer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB); and Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute - Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Aguilar-Recarte
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB); and Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute - Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel García
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - J Francisco Nistal
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiovascular, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Médicas y Quirúrgicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Santander, Spain
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB); and Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute - Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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16
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Li X, Liu L, Li T, Liu M, Wang Y, Ma H, Mu N, Wang H. SIRT6 in Senescence and Aging-Related Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:641315. [PMID: 33855020 PMCID: PMC8039379 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.641315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT6 belongs to the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases and has established diverse roles in aging, metabolism and disease. Its function is similar to the Silent Information Regulator 2 (SIR2), which prolongs lifespan and regulates genomic stability, telomere integrity, transcription, and DNA repair. It has been demonstrated that increasing the sirtuin level through genetic manipulation extends the lifespan of yeast, nematodes and flies. Deficiency of SIRT6 induces chronic inflammation, autophagy disorder and telomere instability. Also, these cellular processes can lead to the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as atherosclerosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Herein, we discuss the implications of SIRT6 regulates multiple cellular processes in cell senescence and aging-related CVDs, and we summarize clinical application of SIRT6 agonists and possible therapeutic interventions in aging-related CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Li
- Department of Cardiology, China Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Manling Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yishi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Mu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, China Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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17
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Liu G, Chen H, Liu H, Zhang W, Zhou J. Emerging roles of SIRT6 in human diseases and its modulators. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:1089-1137. [PMID: 33325563 PMCID: PMC7906922 DOI: 10.1002/med.21753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The biological functions of sirtuin 6 (SIRT6; e.g., deacetylation, defatty-acylation, and mono-ADP-ribosylation) play a pivotal role in regulating lifespan and several fundamental processes controlling aging such as DNA repair, gene expression, and telomeric maintenance. Over the past decades, the aberration of SIRT6 has been extensively observed in diverse life-threatening human diseases. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the critical roles of SIRT6 in the onset and progression of human diseases including cancer, inflammation, diabetes, steatohepatitis, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, viral infections, renal and corneal injuries, as well as the elucidation of the related signaling pathways. Moreover, we discuss the advances in the development of small molecule SIRT6 modulators including activators and inhibitors as well as their pharmacological profiles toward potential therapeutics for SIRT6-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Haiying Chen
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Jia Zhou
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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18
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Wang P, Lan R, Guo Z, Cai S, Wang J, Wang Q, Li Z, Li Z, Wang Q, Li J, Wu Z, Lu J, Liu P. Histone Demethylase JMJD3 Mediated Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy by Suppressing SESN2 Expression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:548605. [PMID: 33117796 PMCID: PMC7552667 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.548605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Jumonji domain-containing 3 (JMJD3) protein, a histone demethylase protein, specifically catalyzes the demethylation of H3K27 (H3K27me3) and regulates gene expression. Sestrin2 (SESN2), a stress-inducible protein, protected against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy by regulating mitophagy and mitochondrial function. Here, the expression of JMJD3 was increased and that of SESN2 was decreased in both the heart samples from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and chronic DOX-stimulation induced cardiomyopathy. Inhibition or knockdown of JMJD3 attenuated DOX-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis, mitochondrial injury and cardiac dysfunction. However, JMJD3 overexpression aggravated DOX-induced cardiomyopathy, which were relieved by SESN2 overexpression. JMJD3 inhibited the transcription of SESN2 by reducing tri-methylation of H3K27 in the promoter region of SESN2. In conclusion, JMJD3 negatively regulated SESN2 via decreasing H3K27me3 enrichment in the promoter region of SESN2, subsequently inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocytes apoptosis. Targeting the JMJD3-SESN2 signaling axis may be a potential therapeutic strategy to protect against DOX-mediated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panxia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Lan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sidong Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeyu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongkai Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Saiyang X, Deng W, Qizhu T. Sirtuin 6: A potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Res 2020; 163:105214. [PMID: 33007414 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are serious diseases endangering human health due to high morbidity and mortality worldwide, and numerous signal molecules are involved in this pathological process. As a member of the Sirtuin family NAD +-dependent deacetylases, indeed, Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) plays an important role in regulating biological homeostasis, longevity, and various diseases. More importantly, SIRT6 performs as an indispensable role in glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation and genomic stability for the occurrence and development of various CVDs. Recent advances: among sirtuins, SIRT6 was frequently unveiled thanks for its protective roles against heart failure, cardiovascular remodeling and atherosclerosis, and identified as an essential intervention target of CVDs, bringing SIRT6 into the focus of clinical interest. Herein, we provide an overview of the current molecular mechanism through which SIRT6 regulates CVDs, and we highlight a potential therapeutic target for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xie Saiyang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, PR China.
| | - Tang Qizhu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, PR China.
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20
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Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden death. Cardiac hypertrophy involves both embryonic gene expression and transcriptional reprogramming, which are tightly regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that epigenetics plays an influential role in the occurrence and development of cardiac hypertrophy. Here, we summarize the latest research progress on epigenetics in cardiac hypertrophy involving DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA, to help understand the mechanism of epigenetics in cardiac hypertrophy. The expression of both embryonic and functional genes can be precisely regulated by epigenetic mechanisms during cardiac hypertrophy, providing a substantial number of therapeutic targets. Thus, epigenetic treatment is expected to become a novel therapeutic strategy for cardiac hypertrophy. According to the research performed to date, epigenetic mechanisms associated with cardiac hypertrophy remain far from completely understood. Therefore, epigenetic mechanisms require further exploration to improve the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lei
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jiahui Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Kaijun Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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