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Srimai N, Tonum K, Soodvilai S. Activation of farnesoid X receptor retards expansion of renal collecting duct cell-derived cysts via inhibition of CFTR-mediated Cl - secretion. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2024; 326:F600-F610. [PMID: 38299213 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00363.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) regulates energy metabolism. Specifically, FXR functions to regulate cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-mediated Cl- secretion in intestinal epithelial cells. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of FXR in CFTR-mediated Cl- secretion in renal tubular cells and to further elucidate its effects on renal cyst formation and growth. CFTR-mediated Cl- transport was evaluated via short-circuit current (ISC) measurements in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell monolayers and primary rat inner medullary collecting duct cells. The role of FXR in renal cyst formation and growth was determined by the MDCK cell-derived cyst model. Incubation with synthesized (GW4064) and endogenous (CDCA) FXR ligands reduced CFTR-mediated Cl- secretion in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of FXR ligands was not due to the result of reduced cell viability and was attenuated by cotreatment with an FXR antagonist. FXR activation significantly decreased CFTR protein but not its mRNA. In addition, FXR activation inhibited CFTR-mediated Cl- secretion in primary renal collecting duct cells. FXR activation decreased ouabain-sensitive ISC without altering Na+-K+-ATPase mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, FXR activation significantly reduced the number of cysts and renal cyst expansion. These inhibitory effects were correlated with a decrease in the expression of protein synthesis regulators mammalian target of rapamycin/S6 kinase. This study shows that FXR activation inhibits Cl- secretion in renal cells via inhibition of CFTR expression and retards renal cyst formation and growth. The discoveries point to a physiological role of FXR in the regulation of CFTR and a potential therapeutic application in polycystic kidney disease treatment.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The present study reveals that farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activation reduces microcyst formation and enlargement. This inhibitory effect of FXR activation is involved with decreased cell proliferation and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-mediated Cl- secretion in renal collecting duct cells. FXR might represent a novel target for the treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipitpon Srimai
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanlayanee Tonum
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sunhapas Soodvilai
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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2
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Liu J, Malekoltojari A, Asokakumar A, Chow V, Li L, Li H, Grimaldi M, Dang N, Campbell J, Barrett H, Sun J, Navarre W, Wilson D, Wang H, Mani S, Balaguer P, Anakk S, Peng H, Krause HM. Diindoles produced from commensal microbiota metabolites function as endogenous CAR/Nr1i3 ligands. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2563. [PMID: 38519460 PMCID: PMC10960024 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the correlation between human gut bacteria and host physiology, mediated primarily via nuclear receptors (NRs). Despite this body of work, the systematic identification and characterization of microbe-derived ligands that regulate NRs remain a considerable challenge. In this study, we discover a series of diindole molecules produced from commensal bacteria metabolites that act as specific agonists for the orphan constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). Using various biophysical analyses we show that their nanomolar affinities are comparable to those of synthetic CAR agonists, and that they can activate both rodent and human CAR orthologues, which established synthetic agonists cannot. We also find that the diindoles, diindolylmethane (DIM) and diindolylethane (DIE) selectively up-regulate bona fide CAR target genes in primary human hepatocytes and mouse liver without causing significant side effects. These findings provide new insights into the complex interplay between the gut microbiome and host physiology, as well as new tools for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Liu
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Ainaz Malekoltojari
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anjana Asokakumar
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Vimanda Chow
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Linhao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology; Department of Genetics; Department of Medicine; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Marina Grimaldi
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Université Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, Inserm, U1194, France
| | - Nathanlown Dang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jhenielle Campbell
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Holly Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jianxian Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
- School of the Environment, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - William Navarre
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Derek Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Hongbing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology; Department of Genetics; Department of Medicine; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Université Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, Inserm, U1194, France
| | - Sayeepriyadarshini Anakk
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada.
- School of the Environment, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Henry M Krause
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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3
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Yu Cai Lim M, Kiat Ho H. Pharmacological modulation of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) as a therapeutic strategy for hypercholesterolemia. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 220:115985. [PMID: 38154545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite the availability of many therapeutic options, the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia remains high. There exists a significant unmet medical need for novel drugs and/or treatment combinations to effectively combat hypercholesterolemia while minimizing adverse reactions. The modulation of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) expression via perturbation of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) - dependent pathways, primarily FXR/small heterodimer partner (SHP) and FXR/ fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-19/ fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-4 pathways, presents as a potential option to lower cholesterol levels. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the important role that CYP7A1 plays in cholesterol homeostasis and how its expression can be exploited to assert differential control of bile acid synthesis and cholesterol metabolism. Additionally, the paper also summarizes the current therapeutic options for hypercholesterolemia, and positions modulators of CYP7A1 expression, namely FGFR4 inhibitors and FXR antagonists, as emerging and distinct pharmacological agents to complement and diversify the treatment regime. Their mechanistic and clinical considerations are also extensively described to interrogate the benefits and risks associated with using FXR-mediating agents, either singularly or in combination with recognised agents such as statins to target hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Yu Cai Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Han Kiat Ho
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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4
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Morioka N, Tsuruta M, Masuda N, Yamano K, Nakano M, Kochi T, Nakamura Y, Hisaoka-Nakashima K. Inhibition of Nuclear Receptor Related Orphan Receptor γ Ameliorates Mechanical Hypersensitivity Through the Suppression of Spinal Microglial Activation. Neuroscience 2023; 526:223-236. [PMID: 37419402 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are crucial in induction of central sensitization under a chronic pain state. Therefore, control of microglial activity is important to ameliorate nociceptive hypersensitivity. The nuclear receptor retinoic acid related orphan receptor γ (RORγ) contributes to the regulation of inflammation-related gene transcription in some immune cells, including T cells and macrophages. Their role and function in regulation of microglial activity and nociceptive transduction have yet to be elaborated. Treatment of cultured microglia with specific RORγ inverse agonists, SR2211 or GSK2981278, significantly suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mRNA expression of pronociceptive molecules interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Intrathecal treatment of naïve male mice with LPS markedly induced mechanical hypersensitivity and upregulation of ionized calcium-biding adaptor molecule (Iba1) in the spinal dorsal horn, indicating microglial activation. In addition, intrathecal treatment with LPS significantly induced mRNA upregulation of IL-1β and IL-6 in the spinal dorsal horn. These responses were prevented by intrathecal pretreatment with SR2211. In addition, intrathecal administration of SR2211 significantly ameliorated established mechanical hypersensitivity and upregulation of Iba1 immunoreactivity in the spinal dorsal horn of male mice following peripheral sciatic nerve injury. The current findings demonstrate that blockade of RORγ in spinal microglia exerts anti-inflammatory effects, and that RORγ may be an appropriate target for the treatment of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norimitsu Morioka
- Department of Pharmacology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Maho Tsuruta
- Department of Pharmacology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Nao Masuda
- Department of Pharmacology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kiichi Yamano
- Department of Pharmacology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Manaya Nakano
- Department of Pharmacology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kochi
- Department of Pharmacology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yoki Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kazue Hisaoka-Nakashima
- Department of Pharmacology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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Braeuning A, Balaguer P, Bourguet W, Carreras-Puigvert J, Feiertag K, Kamstra JH, Knapen D, Lichtenstein D, Marx-Stoelting P, Rietdijk J, Schubert K, Spjuth O, Stinckens E, Thedieck K, van den Boom R, Vergauwen L, von Bergen M, Wewer N, Zalko D. Development of new approach methods for the identification and characterization of endocrine metabolic disruptors-a PARC project. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1212509. [PMID: 37456981 PMCID: PMC10349382 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1212509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In past times, the analysis of endocrine disrupting properties of chemicals has mainly been focused on (anti-)estrogenic or (anti-)androgenic properties, as well as on aspects of steroidogenesis and the modulation of thyroid signaling. More recently, disruption of energy metabolism and related signaling pathways by exogenous substances, so-called metabolism-disrupting chemicals (MDCs) have come into focus. While general effects such as body and organ weight changes are routinely monitored in animal studies, there is a clear lack of mechanistic test systems to determine and characterize the metabolism-disrupting potential of chemicals. In order to contribute to filling this gap, one of the project within EU-funded Partnership for the Assessment of Risks of Chemicals (PARC) aims at developing novel in vitro methods for the detection of endocrine metabolic disruptors. Efforts will comprise projects related to specific signaling pathways, for example, involving mTOR or xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptors, studies on hepatocytes, adipocytes and pancreatic beta cells covering metabolic and morphological endpoints, as well as metabolism-related zebrafish-based tests as an alternative to classic rodent bioassays. This paper provides an overview of the approaches and methods of these PARC projects and how this will contribute to the improvement of the toxicological toolbox to identify substances with endocrine disrupting properties and to decipher their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Braeuning
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- IRCM (Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier), Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France
| | - William Bourguet
- CBS Centre de Biologie Structurale, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Jordi Carreras-Puigvert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katreece Feiertag
- Department of Pesticides Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jorke H Kamstra
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dajana Lichtenstein
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Marx-Stoelting
- Department of Pesticides Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonne Rietdijk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kristin Schubert
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ola Spjuth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Evelyn Stinckens
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Kathrin Thedieck
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rik van den Boom
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Neele Wewer
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Zalko
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de Recherche Pour L'Agriculture, L'Alimentation et L'Environnement (INARE), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
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6
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Liang Y, Jiang Q, Gong Y, Yu Y, Zou H, Zhao J, Zhang T, Zhang J. In vitro and in silico assessment of endocrine disrupting effects of food contaminants through pregnane X receptor. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 175:113711. [PMID: 36893891 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
As a promiscuous xenobiotic receptor, pregnane X receptor (PXR) has been confirmed to participate in numerous physiological process. In addition to the conventional estrogen/androgen receptor, PXR also serves as an alternative target for environmental chemical contaminants. In this work, the PXR-mediated endocrine disrupting effects of typical food contaminants were explored. Firstly, the time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer assays confirmed the PXR binding affinities of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, chlorpyrifos, bisphenol A, and zearalenone, with IC50 values ranging from 1.88 to 4284.00 nM. Then their PXR agonist activities were assessed by PXR-mediated CYP3A4 reporter gene assays. Subsequently, the regulation of gene expressions of PXR and its targets CYP3A4, UGT1A1, and MDR1 by these compounds was further investigated. Intriguingly, all the tested compounds interfered with these gene expressions, confirming their endocrine disrupting effects via PXR-mediated signaling. The compound-PXR-LBD binding interactions were explored by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations to unravel the structural basis of their PXR binding capacities. The weak intermolecular interactions are key players in stabilizing these compound-PXR-LBD complexes. During the simulation process, 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl remained stable while the other 5 compounds underwent relatively severe disturbances. In conclusion, these food contaminants might exhibit endocrine disrupting effects via PXR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Qiuyan Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yiyao Gong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yifan Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Haoyang Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Jingqi Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Tiehua Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
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Poudel S, Huber AD, Chen T. Regulation of Nuclear Receptors PXR and CAR by Small Molecules and Signal Crosstalk: Roles in Drug Metabolism and Beyond. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:228-236. [PMID: 36116789 PMCID: PMC9900866 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.000858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate the expression of drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters. Since their discoveries, they have been studied as important factors for regulating processes related to drug efficacy, drug toxicity, and drug-drug interactions. However, their vast ligand-binding profiles extend into additional spaces, such as endogenously produced chemicals, microbiome metabolites, dietary compounds, and environmental pollutants. Therefore, PXR and CAR can respond to an enormous abundance of stimuli, resulting in significant shifts in metabolic programs and physiologic homeostasis. Naturally, PXR and CAR have been implicated in various diseases related to homeostatic perturbations, such as inflammatory bowel disorders, diabetes, and certain cancers. Recent findings have injected the field with new signaling mechanisms and tools to dissect the complex PXR and CAR biology and have strengthened the potential for future PXR and CAR modulators in the clinic. Here, we describe the historical and ongoing importance of PXR and CAR in drug metabolism pathways and how this history has evolved into new mechanisms that regulate and are regulated by these xenobiotic receptors, with a specific focus on small molecule ligands. To effectively convey the impact of newly emerging research, we have arranged five diverse and representative key recent advances, four specific challenges, and four perspectives on future directions. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: PXR and CAR are key transcription factors that regulate homeostatic detoxification of the liver and intestines. Diverse chemicals bind to these nuclear receptors, triggering their transcriptional tuning of the cellular metabolic response. This minireview revisits the importance of PXR and CAR in pharmaceutical drug responses and highlights recent results with implications beyond drug metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyaron Poudel
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Andrew D Huber
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Taosheng Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
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Dev S, Muchenditsi A, Gottlieb A, Deme P, Murphy S, Gabrielson KL, Dong Y, Hughes R, Haughey NJ, Hamilton JP, Lutsenko S. Oxysterol misbalance critically contributes to Wilson disease pathogenesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadc9022. [PMID: 36260680 PMCID: PMC9581482 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adc9022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD) is a metabolic disorder caused by inactivation of the copper-transporting ATPase 2 (ATP7B) and copper (Cu) overload in tissues. Excess Cu causes oxidative stress and pathologic changes with poorly understood mechanistic connections. In Atp7b-/- mice with established liver disease, Cu overload activates the stress-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2). Nrf2 targets, especially sulfotransferase 1e1 (Sult1e1), are strongly induced and cause elevation of sulfated sterols, whereas oxysterols are decreased. This sterol misbalance results in inhibition of the liver X receptor (LXR) and up-regulation of LXR targets associated with inflammatory responses. Pharmacological inhibition of Sult1e1 partially reverses oxysterol misbalance and LXR inhibition. Contribution of this pathway to advanced hepatic WD was demonstrated by treating mice with an LXR agonist. Treatment decreased inflammation by reducing expression of proinflammatory molecules, diminished fibrosis by down-regulating the noncanonical transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway, and improved liver morphology and function. Thus, the identified pathway is an important driver of WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Som Dev
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Abigael Muchenditsi
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Aline Gottlieb
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Pragney Deme
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Sean Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kathleen L. Gabrielson
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yixuan Dong
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Robert Hughes
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Norman J. Haughey
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - James P. Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Corresponding author. (S.L.); (J.P.H.)
| | - Svetlana Lutsenko
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Corresponding author. (S.L.); (J.P.H.)
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Peng S, Song Z, Wang C, Liang D, Wan X, Liu Z, Lu A, Ning Z. Frankincense vinegar-processing improves the absorption of boswellic acids by regulating bile acid metabolism. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153931. [PMID: 35104761 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boswellic acids in Olibanum (known as frankincense) are potent anti-inflammatory properties in treating ulcerative colitis (UC), but its low bioavailability limited drug development. Evidence accumulated that vinegar processing of frankincense exerts positive effects on improving absorption of compositions. The underlying mechanism is unknown. In recent decades, spectacular growth and multidisciplinary integration of metabolic application were witnessed. The relationship between drug absorption and curative effect has been more or less established. However, it remains a knowledge gap in the field between drug absorption and endocrine metabolism. PURPOSE To investigate the enhancement mechanism of vinegar processing in the absorption of boswellic acids via the aspect of bile acid metabolism. METHODS The effects of raw frankincense (RF) and processed frankincense (PF) were compared by the UC model of rats. The plasma concentration of boswellic acids and the hepatic and colonic bile acids contents were quantified by UPLC-TQ-MS. The levels of mRNA and protein associated with bile acid metabolism were also compared. RESULTS The results showed that PF exhibited re-markable mitigating effects on UC with the elevated plasma level of boswellic acid and upregulated expression of the absorption-related protein multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) and organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (OATP1B3) in the liver and colon. It improved colonic lithocholic acid (LCA), which promoted the expression of bile acid nuclear receptors constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR), resulting in the upregulation of MRP2 and OATP1B3. CONCLUSION This paper revealed the mechanisms behind the absorption promotion effects of processing. Bile acids metabolism exhibits potential status in pharmaceutical development. The results shed light on the interdisciplinary collaboration between the metabolism and drug absorption fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitao Peng
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhiqian Song
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chun Wang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dongrui Liang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaoying Wan
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhenli Liu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Aiping Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 00825, China.
| | - Zhangchi Ning
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
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10
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Honkakoski P. Searching for CAR modulators. Drug Metab Dispos 2022; 50:1002-1009. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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11
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Cai P, Mao X, Zhao J, Nie L, Jiang Y, Yang Q, Ni R, He J, Luo L. Farnesoid X Receptor Is Required for the Redifferentiation of Bipotential Progenitor Cells During Biliary-Mediated Zebrafish Liver Regeneration. Hepatology 2021; 74:3345-3361. [PMID: 34320243 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Liver regeneration after extreme hepatocyte loss occurs through transdifferentiation of biliary epithelial cells (BECs), which includes dedifferentiation of BECs into bipotential progenitor cells (BPPCs) and subsequent redifferentiation into nascent hepatocytes and BECs. Although multiple molecules and signaling pathways have been implicated to play roles in the BEC-mediated liver regeneration, mechanisms underlying the dedifferentiation-redifferentiation transition and the early phase of BPPC redifferentiation that is pivotal for both hepatocyte and BEC directions remain largely unknown. APPROACH AND RESULTS The zebrafish extreme liver damage model, genetic mutation, pharmacological inhibition, transgenic lines, whole-mount and fluorescent in situ hybridizations and antibody staining, single-cell RNA sequencing, quantitative real-time PCR, and heat shock-inducible overexpression were used to investigate roles and mechanisms of farnesoid X receptor (FXR; encoded by nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 4 [nr1h4]) in regulating BPPC redifferentiation. The nr1h4 expression was significantly up-regulated in response to extreme liver injury. Genetic mutation or pharmacological inhibition of FXR was ineffective to BEC-to-BPPC dedifferentiation but blocked the redifferentiation of BPPCs to both hepatocytes and BECs, leading to accumulation of undifferentiated or less-differentiated BPPCs. Mechanistically, induced overexpression of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) 1 (encoded by mitogen-activated protein kinase 3) rescued the defective BPPC-to-hepatocyte redifferentiation in the nr1h4 mutant, and ERK1 itself was necessary for the BPPC-to-hepatocyte redifferentiation. The Notch activities in the regenerating liver of nr1h4 mutant attenuated, and induced Notch activation rescued the defective BPPC-to-BEC redifferentiation in the nr1h4 mutant. CONCLUSIONS FXR regulates BPPC-to-hepatocyte and BPPC-to-BEC redifferentiations through ERK1 and Notch, respectively. Given recent applications of FXR agonists in the clinical trials for liver diseases, this study proposes potential underpinning mechanisms by characterizing roles of FXR in the stimulation of dedifferentiation-redifferentiation transition and BPPC redifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Cai
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Mao
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Jieqiong Zhao
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Nie
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Qifen Yang
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Ni
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbo He
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingfei Luo
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
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12
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Chen W, Wang S, Xing D. New Horizons for the Roles and Association of APE1/Ref-1 and ABCA1 in Atherosclerosis. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5251-5271. [PMID: 34703267 PMCID: PMC8526300 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s330147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death worldwide. APE1/Ref-1 and ABCA1 play key roles in the progression of atherosclerosis. APE1/Ref-1 suppresses atherosclerosis via multiple mechanisms, including reducing the IL-6-, TNF-α-, and IL-1β-mediated proinflammatory responses, suppressing ROS-mediated oxidant activity and Bax/Bcl-2-mediated vascular calcification and apoptosis, and reducing LOX-1-mediated cholesterol uptake. However, APE1/Ref-1 also promotes atherosclerosis by increasing the activity of the NK-κB and S1PR1 pathways. APE1/Ref-1 localizes to the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria and can be secreted from the cell. APE1/Ref-1 localization is dynamically regulated by the disease state and may be responsible for its proatherogenic and antiatherogenic effects. ABCA1 promotes cholesterol efflux and anti-inflammatory responses by binding to apoA-I and regulates apoptotic cell clearance and HSPC proliferation to protect against inflammatory responses. Interestingly, in addition to mediating these functions, ABCA1 promotes the secretion of acetylated APE1/Ref-1 (AcAPE1/Ref-1), a therapeutic target, which protects against atherosclerosis development. The APE1/Ref-1 inhibitor APX3330 is being evaluated in a phase II clinical trial. The LXR agonist LXR-623 (WAY-252623) is an agonist of ABCA1 and the first LXR-targeting compound to be evaluated in clinical trials. In this article, we review the roles of ABCA1 and APE1/Ref-1 in atherosclerosis and focus on new insights into the ABCA1-APE1/Ref-1 axis and its potential as a novel therapeutic target in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujun Chen
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Medical Imaging, Radiotherapy Department of Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
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13
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Skandalaki A, Sarantis P, Theocharis S. Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) Polymorphisms and Cancer Treatment. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081142. [PMID: 34439808 PMCID: PMC8394562 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) belongs to the nuclear receptors’ superfamily and mainly functions as a xenobiotic sensor activated by a variety of ligands. PXR is widely expressed in normal and malignant tissues. Drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters are also under PXR’s regulation. Antineoplastic agents are of particular interest since cancer patients are characterized by significant intra-variability to treatment response and severe toxicities. Various PXR polymorphisms may alter the function of the protein and are linked with significant effects on the pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic agents and clinical outcome variability. The purpose of this review is to summarize the roles of PXR polymorphisms in the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic drugs. It is also expected that this review will highlight the importance of PXR polymorphisms in selection of chemotherapy, prediction of adverse effects and personalized medicine.
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14
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Matheux A, Gassiot M, Fromont G, Leenhardt F, Boulahtouf A, Fabbrizio E, Marchive C, Garcin A, Agherbi H, Combès E, Evrard A, Houédé N, Balaguer P, Gongora C, Mbatchi LC, Pourquier P. PXR Modulates the Prostate Cancer Cell Response to Afatinib by Regulating the Expression of the Monocarboxylate Transporter SLC16A1. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143635. [PMID: 34298852 PMCID: PMC8305337 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Many kinase inhibitors have been tested as potential alternatives for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancers. However, none of these clinical trials led to drug approval despite interesting responses. Our study reveals that genes involved in drug metabolism and their master regulator PXR (Pregnane X Receptor) could be responsible, at least in part, for these disappointing results as they can modulate tumor cell response to specific kinase inhibitors. We found that stable expression of PXR sensitized prostate cancer cells to erlotinib, dabrafenib, and afatinib, while it rendered cells resistant to dasatinib and had no effect for other inhibitors tested. We also report for the first time that sensitization to afatinib is due to an alteration in drug transport that involves the SLC16A1 monocarboxylate transporter. Together, our results further indicate that PXR might be considered as a biomarker of response to kinase inhibitors in castration-resistant prostate cancers. Abstract Resistance to castration is a crucial issue in the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. Kinase inhibitors (KIs) have been tested as potential alternatives, but none of them are approved yet. KIs are subject of extensive metabolism at both the hepatic and the tumor level. Here, we studied the role of PXR (Pregnane X Receptor), a master regulator of metabolism, in the resistance to KIs in a prostate cancer setting. We confirmed that PXR is expressed in prostate tumors and is more frequently detected in advanced forms of the disease. We showed that stable expression of PXR in 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells conferred a resistance to dasatinib and a higher sensitivity to erlotinib, dabrafenib, and afatinib. Higher sensitivity to afatinib was due to a ~ 2-fold increase in its intracellular accumulation and involved the SLC16A1 transporter as its pharmacological inhibition by BAY-8002 suppressed sensitization of 22Rv1 cells to afatinib and was accompanied with reduced intracellular concentration of the drug. We found that PXR could bind to the SLC16A1 promoter and induced its transcription in the presence of PXR agonists. Together, our results suggest that PXR could be a biomarker of response to kinase inhibitors in castration-resistant prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Matheux
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU Carémeau, F-30029 Nîmes, France
| | - Matthieu Gassiot
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Gaëlle Fromont
- Département de Pathologie, CHU de Tours, Université François Rabelais, Inserm UMR 1069, F-37044 Tours, France;
| | - Fanny Leenhardt
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
- Laboratoire de Pharmacocinétique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Abdelhay Boulahtouf
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Eric Fabbrizio
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Candice Marchive
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Aurélie Garcin
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Hanane Agherbi
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Eve Combès
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Alexandre Evrard
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU Carémeau, F-30029 Nîmes, France
- Laboratoire de Pharmacocinétique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Nadine Houédé
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
- Département d’Oncologie Médicale, Institut de Cancérologie du Gard—CHU Carémeau, F-30029 Nîmes, France
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Céline Gongora
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Litaty C. Mbatchi
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU Carémeau, F-30029 Nîmes, France
- Laboratoire de Pharmacocinétique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Pourquier
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, F-34298 Montpellier, France; (A.M.); (M.G.); (F.L.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (C.M.); (A.G.); (H.A.); (E.C.); (A.E.); (N.H.); (P.B.); (C.G.); (L.C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-4-66-68-32-31
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Hall A, Chanteux H, Ménochet K, Ledecq M, Schulze MSED. Designing Out PXR Activity on Drug Discovery Projects: A Review of Structure-Based Methods, Empirical and Computational Approaches. J Med Chem 2021; 64:6413-6522. [PMID: 34003642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This perspective discusses the role of pregnane xenobiotic receptor (PXR) in drug discovery and the impact of its activation on CYP3A4 induction. The use of structural biology to reduce PXR activity on drug discovery projects has become more common in recent years. Analysis of this work highlights several important molecular interactions, and the resultant structural modifications to reduce PXR activity are summarized. The computational approaches undertaken to support the design of new drugs devoid of PXR activation potential are also discussed. Finally, the SAR of empirical design strategies to reduce PXR activity is reviewed, and the key SAR transformations are discussed and summarized. In conclusion, this perspective demonstrates that PXR activity can be greatly diminished or negated on active drug discovery projects with the knowledge now available. This perspective should be useful to anyone who seeks to reduce PXR activity on a drug discovery project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Hall
- UCB, Avenue de l'Industrie, Braine-L'Alleud 1420, Belgium
| | | | | | - Marie Ledecq
- UCB, Avenue de l'Industrie, Braine-L'Alleud 1420, Belgium
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16
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Identifying selective agonists targeting LXRβ from terpene compounds of alismatis rhizoma. J Mol Model 2021; 27:91. [PMID: 33616795 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04699-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is thought of as an important contributor to coronary disease, diabetes, and fatty liver. Liver X receptor β (LXRβ) was considered as a validated target for hyperlipidemia therapy due to its role in regulating cholesterol homeostasis and immunity. However, many current drugs applied in clinics are not selectively targeting LXRβ, and they can also activate LXRα which activates SREBP-1c that worked as an activator of lipogenic genes. Therefore, exploiting agonists selectively targeting LXRβ is urgent. Here, computational tools were used to screen potential agonists selectively targeting LXRβ from 112 terpenes of alismatis rhizoma. Firstly, a structural analysis between selective and nonselective agonists was used to explore key residues of selective binding with LXRβ. Our data indicated that Phe271, Ser278, Met312, His435, and Trp457 were important to compounds binding with LXRβ, suggesting that engaging ligand interaction with these residues may provide directions for the development of ligands with improved selective profiles. Then, ADMET analysis, molecular docking, MD simulations, and calculation of binding free energy and its decomposition were executed to screen the agonists whose bioactivity was favorable from 112 terpenes of alismatis rhizoma. We found that two triterpenes 16-hydroxy-alisol B 23-acetate and alisol M 23-acetate showed favorable ADMET properties and high binding affinity against LXRβ. These compounds could be considered as promising selective agonists targeting LXRβ. Our work provides an alternative strategy for screening agonists selectively targeting LXRβ from alismatis rhizoma for hyperlipidemia disease treatment.
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