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Chen P, Wu M, He Y, Jiang B, He ML. Metabolic alterations upon SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential therapeutic targets against coronavirus infection. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:237. [PMID: 37286535 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection has become a global pandemic due to the high viral transmissibility and pathogenesis, bringing enormous burden to our society. Most patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms. Although only a small proportion of patients progressed to severe COVID-19 with symptoms including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), disseminated coagulopathy, and cardiovascular disorders, severe COVID-19 is accompanied by high mortality rates with near 7 million deaths. Nowadays, effective therapeutic patterns for severe COVID-19 are still lacking. It has been extensively reported that host metabolism plays essential roles in various physiological processes during virus infection. Many viruses manipulate host metabolism to avoid immunity, facilitate their own replication, or to initiate pathological response. Targeting the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and host metabolism holds promise for developing therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent studies dedicated to uncovering the role of host metabolism during the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2 in aspects of entry, replication, assembly, and pathogenesis with an emphasis on glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism. Microbiota and long COVID-19 are also discussed. Ultimately, we recapitulate metabolism-modulating drugs repurposed for COVID-19 including statins, ASM inhibitors, NSAIDs, Montelukast, omega-3 fatty acids, 2-DG, and metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiran Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mandi Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yaqing He
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Binghua Jiang
- Cell Signaling and Proteomic Center, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ming-Liang He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, Hong Kong, China.
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2
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Hirsch J, Uzun G, Zlamal J, Singh A, Bakchoul T. Platelet-neutrophil interaction in COVID-19 and vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1186000. [PMID: 37275917 PMCID: PMC10237318 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1186000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is known to commonly induce a thrombotic diathesis, particularly in severely affected individuals. So far, this COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC) has been partially explained by hyperactivated platelets as well as by the prothrombotic effects of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) released from neutrophils. However, precise insight into the bidirectional relationship between platelets and neutrophils in the pathophysiology of CAC still lags behind. Vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare autoimmune disorder caused by auto-antibody formation in response to immunization with adenoviral vector vaccines. VITT is associated with life-threatening thromboembolic events and thus, high fatality rates. Our concept of the thrombophilia observed in VITT is relatively new, hence a better understanding could help in the management of such patients with the potential to also prevent VITT. In this review we aim to summarize the current knowledge on platelet-neutrophil interplay in COVID-19 and VITT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hirsch
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Center for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Günalp Uzun
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Center for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jan Zlamal
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Center for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Anurag Singh
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tamam Bakchoul
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Center for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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3
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Farooqui AA, Farooqui T, Sun GY, Lin TN, Teh DBL, Ong WY. COVID-19, Blood Lipid Changes, and Thrombosis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041181. [PMID: 37189799 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Although there is increasing evidence that oxidative stress and inflammation induced by COVID-19 may contribute to increased risk and severity of thromboses, the underlying mechanism(s) remain to be understood. The purpose of this review is to highlight the role of blood lipids in association with thrombosis events observed in COVID-19 patients. Among different types of phospholipases A2 that target cell membrane phospholipids, there is increasing focus on the inflammatory secretory phospholipase A2 IIA (sPLA2-IIA), which is associated with the severity of COVID-19. Analysis indicates increased sPLA2-IIA levels together with eicosanoids in the sera of COVID patients. sPLA2 could metabolise phospholipids in platelets, erythrocytes, and endothelial cells to produce arachidonic acid (ARA) and lysophospholipids. Arachidonic acid in platelets is metabolised to prostaglandin H2 and thromboxane A2, known for their pro-coagulation and vasoconstrictive properties. Lysophospholipids, such as lysophosphatidylcholine, could be metabolised by autotaxin (ATX) and further converted to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Increased ATX has been found in the serum of patients with COVID-19, and LPA has recently been found to induce NETosis, a clotting mechanism triggered by the release of extracellular fibres from neutrophils and a key feature of the COVID-19 hypercoagulable state. PLA2 could also catalyse the formation of platelet activating factor (PAF) from membrane ether phospholipids. Many of the above lipid mediators are increased in the blood of patients with COVID-19. Together, findings from analyses of blood lipids in COVID-19 patients suggest an important role for metabolites of sPLA2-IIA in COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhlaq A Farooqui
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tahira Farooqui
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Grace Y Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Teng-Nan Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11929, Taiwan
| | - Daniel B L Teh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore
- Neurobiology Research Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore
| | - Wei-Yi Ong
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore
- Neurobiology Research Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore
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4
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McCarthy MW. Montelukast as a potential treatment for COVID-19. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2023; 24:551-555. [PMID: 36927284 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2023.2192866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Montelukast is a leukotriene inhibitor that is widely used to treat chronic asthma and allergic rhinitis. The drug interferes with molecular signaling pathways produced by leukotrienes in a variety of cells and tissues throughout the human body that lead to tightening of airway muscles, production of aberrant pulmonary fluid (airway edema), and in some cases, pulmonary inflammation. AREAS COVERED Montelukast has also been noted to have anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting it may have a role in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has been noted to induce misfiring of the immune system in some patients. A literature search of PubMed was performed to identify all relevant studies of montelukast and SARS-CoV-2 through 27 January 2023. EXPERT OPINION Montelukast has been the subject of small studies of SARS-CoV-2 and will be included in a large, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of outpatients with COVID-19 sponsored by the United States National Institutes of Health known as Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines-6. This paper reviews what is known about montelukast, an inexpensive, well-tolerated, and widely available medication, and examines the rationale for using this drug to potentially treat patients with COVID-19.
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Reina-Couto M, Roboredo-Madeira M, Pereira-Terra P, Silva-Pereira C, Martins S, Teixeira-Santos L, Pinho D, Dias A, Cordeiro G, Dias CC, Sarmento A, Tavares M, Guimarães JT, Roncon-Albuquerque R, Paiva JA, Albino-Teixeira A, Sousa T. Evaluation of urinary cysteinyl leukotrienes as biomarkers of severity and putative therapeutic targets in COVID-19 patients. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:475-491. [PMID: 36617343 PMCID: PMC9826622 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01682-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLT) are potent inflammation-promoting mediators, but remain scarcely explored in COVID-19. We evaluated urinary CysLT (U-CysLT) relationship with disease severity and their usefulness for prognostication in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The impact on U-CysLT of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) and of comorbidities such as hypertension and obesity was also assessed. METHODS Blood and spot urine were collected in "severe" (n = 26), "critically ill" (n = 17) and "critically ill on VV-ECMO" (n = 17) patients with COVID-19 at days 1-2 (admission), 3-4, 5-8 and weekly thereafter, and in controls (n = 23) at a single time point. U-CysLT were measured by ELISA. Routine markers, prognostic scores and outcomes were also evaluated. RESULTS U-CysLT did not differ between groups at admission, but significantly increased along hospitalization only in critical groups, being markedly higher in VV-ECMO patients, especially in hypertensives. U-CysLT values during the first week were positively associated with ICU and total hospital length of stay in critical groups and showed acceptable area under curve (AUC) for prediction of 30-day mortality (AUC: 0.734, p = 0.001) among all patients. CONCLUSIONS U-CysLT increase during hospitalization in critical COVID-19 patients, especially in hypertensives on VV-ECMO. U-CysLT association with severe outcomes suggests their usefulness for prognostication and as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Reina-Couto
- Departamento de Biomedicina-Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal.
- Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa da Universidade do Porto (MEDInUP), Porto, Portugal.
- Serviço de Medicina Intensiva, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João (CHUSJ), Porto, Portugal.
- Serviço de Farmacologia Clínica, CHUSJ, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Roboredo-Madeira
- Departamento de Biomedicina-Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Pereira-Terra
- Departamento de Biomedicina-Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa da Universidade do Porto (MEDInUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Carolina Silva-Pereira
- Departamento de Biomedicina-Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa da Universidade do Porto (MEDInUP), Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Luísa Teixeira-Santos
- Departamento de Biomedicina-Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa da Universidade do Porto (MEDInUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Dora Pinho
- Departamento de Biomedicina-Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa da Universidade do Porto (MEDInUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Dias
- Serviço de Farmacologia Clínica, CHUSJ, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Cláudia Camila Dias
- Departamento de Medicina da Comunidade, Informação e Decisão em Saúde, FMUP, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS-Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - António Sarmento
- Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas, CHUSJ, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Medicina, FMUP, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Tavares
- Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas, CHUSJ, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João T Guimarães
- Serviço de Patologia Clínica, CHUSJ, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Biomedicina-Unidade de Bioquímica, FMUP, Porto, Portugal
| | - Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque
- Serviço de Medicina Intensiva, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João (CHUSJ), Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, FMUP, Porto, Portugal
| | - José-Artur Paiva
- Serviço de Medicina Intensiva, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João (CHUSJ), Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Medicina, FMUP, Porto, Portugal
| | - António Albino-Teixeira
- Departamento de Biomedicina-Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa da Universidade do Porto (MEDInUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresa Sousa
- Departamento de Biomedicina-Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal.
- Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa da Universidade do Porto (MEDInUP), Porto, Portugal.
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Serezani CH, Divangahi M, Peters-Golden M. Leukotrienes in Innate Immunity: Still Underappreciated after All These Years? JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:221-227. [PMID: 36649580 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Leukotrienes (LTs) are lipid mediators derived from the 5-lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonate metabolism. Though best known for their role in asthma, they have broad actions that touch on virtually every aspect of mammalian biology. In a Brief Review published in the journal in 2005, we presented the existing evidence supporting a role for LTs in host defense. In this updated Brief Review, we focus on selected advances since then. We detail new insights into mechanisms and regulation of LT biosynthesis; the protective roles of LTs in the host response to diverse classes of pathogens, with an emphasis on viruses, including SARS-CoV-2; the phagocyte signal transduction mechanisms by which LTs exert their antimicrobial actions; the capacity for overexuberant LT production to promote tissue damage; and roles of LTs in the noninfectious immune-relevant conditions neuroinflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Henrique Serezani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Maziar Divangahi
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill International TB Centre, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marc Peters-Golden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; and
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
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Chiang KC, Gupta A, Sundd P, Krishnamurti L. Thrombo-Inflammation in COVID-19 and Sickle Cell Disease: Two Faces of the Same Coin. Biomedicines 2023; 11:338. [PMID: 36830874 PMCID: PMC9953430 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
People with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at greater risk of severe illness and death from respiratory infections, including COVID-19, than people without SCD (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA). Vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) in SCD and severe SARS-CoV-2 infection are both characterized by thrombo-inflammation mediated by endothelial injury, complement activation, inflammatory lipid storm, platelet activation, platelet-leukocyte adhesion, and activation of the coagulation cascade. Notably, lipid mediators, including thromboxane A2, significantly increase in severe COVID-19 and SCD. In addition, the release of thromboxane A2 from endothelial cells and macrophages stimulates platelets to release microvesicles, which are harbingers of multicellular adhesion and thrombo-inflammation. Currently, there are limited therapeutic strategies targeting platelet-neutrophil activation and thrombo-inflammation in either SCD or COVID-19 during acute crisis. However, due to many similarities between the pathobiology of thrombo-inflammation in SCD and COVID-19, therapies targeting one disease may likely be effective in the other. Therefore, the preclinical and clinical research spurred by the COVID-19 pandemic, including clinical trials of anti-thrombotic agents, are potentially applicable to VOC. Here, we first outline the parallels between SCD and COVID-19; second, review the role of lipid mediators in the pathogenesis of these diseases; and lastly, examine the therapeutic targets and potential treatments for the two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ajay Gupta
- KARE Biosciences, Orange, CA 89128, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine (UCI) School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Prithu Sundd
- Vascular Medicine Institute and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Lakshmanan Krishnamurti
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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El-Khateeb E, El-Berri EI, Mosalam EM, Nooh MZ, Abdelsattar S, Alghamdi AM, Alrubia S, Abdallah MS. Evaluating the safety and efficacy of the leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast as adjuvant therapy in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1153653. [PMID: 37113754 PMCID: PMC10126434 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1153653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is common with obesity. Metformin is a first-line therapy for this condition. However, it has only a minor impact on weight loss in some patients. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of combining montelukast therapy with metformin in obese diabetic patients. Methods: One hundred obese diabetic adult patients were recruited and randomized into two equal groups. Group 1 received placebo plus metformin 2 g/d, and Group 2 received 2 g/d metformin plus 10 mg/d montelukast. Demographic, anthropometric measurements (e.g., body weight, body mass index [BMI], and visceral adiposity index), lipid profile, diabetes control measures (fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]), adiponectin, and inflammatory markers (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6, and leukotriene B4) were assessed and reported for each group at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment. Results: Both interventions significantly reduced all the measured parameters, except for adiponectin and HDL-C, levels of which increased compared to baseline data (p < 0.001). The montelukast group significantly improved in all parameters compared to the placebo group (ANCOVA test p < 0.001). The percentage changes in BMI, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and inflammatory markers were 5%, 9%, 41%, and 5%-30%, respectively, in the placebo group compared to 8%, 16%, 58%, and 50%-70%, respectively, in the montelukast group. Conclusion: Montelukast adjuvant therapy was superior to metformin-only therapy in diabetes control and weight loss, most likely due to its increased insulin sensitivity and anti-inflammatory properties. The combination was tolerable and safe throughout the study duration. Clinical Trial Registration: [Clinicaltrial.gov], identifier [NCT04075110].
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman El-Khateeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Al-Gharbia, Egypt
- Certara UK Limited (Simcyp Division), Sheffield, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Eman El-Khateeb,
| | - Eman I. El-Berri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Al-Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Esraa M. Mosalam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shebin ElKoum, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z. Nooh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin ElKoum, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Abdelsattar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin ElKoum, Egypt
| | - Amira M. Alghamdi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alrubia
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud S. Abdallah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt
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Sharma S, Tyagi T, Antoniak S. Platelet in thrombo-inflammation: Unraveling new therapeutic targets. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1039843. [PMID: 36451834 PMCID: PMC9702553 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1039843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the broad range of human diseases, thrombo-inflammation appears as a clinical manifestation. Clinically, it is well characterized in context of superficial thrombophlebitis that is recognized as thrombosis and inflammation of superficial veins. However, it is more hazardous when developed in the microvasculature of injured/inflamed/infected tissues and organs. Several diseases like sepsis and ischemia-reperfusion can cause formation of microvascular thrombosis subsequently leading to thrombo-inflammation. Thrombo-inflammation can also occur in cases of antiphospholipid syndrome, preeclampsia, sickle cell disease, bacterial and viral infection. One of the major contributors to thrombo-inflammation is the loss of normal anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory potential of the endothelial cells of vasculature. This manifest itself in the form of dysregulation of the coagulation pathway and complement system, pathologic platelet activation, and increased recruitment of leukocyte within the microvasculature. The role of platelets in hemostasis and formation of thrombi under pathologic and non-pathologic conditions is well established. Platelets are anucleate cells known for their essential role in primary hemostasis and the coagulation pathway. In recent years, studies provide strong evidence for the critical involvement of platelets in inflammatory processes like acute ischemic stroke, and viral infections like Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This has encouraged the researchers to investigate the contribution of platelets in the pathology of various thrombo-inflammatory diseases. The inhibition of platelet surface receptors or their intracellular signaling which mediate initial platelet activation and adhesion might prove to be suitable targets in thrombo-inflammatory disorders. Thus, the present review summarizes the concept and mechanism of platelet signaling and briefly discuss their role in sterile and non-sterile thrombo-inflammation, with the emphasis on role of platelets in COVID-19 induced thrombo-inflammation. The aim of this review is to summarize the recent developments in deciphering the role of the platelets in thrombo-inflammation and discuss their potential as pharmaceutical targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sharma
- UNC Blood Research Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Tarun Tyagi
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Silvio Antoniak
- UNC Blood Research Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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10
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Zhu L, Chen G, Guo Y, Zheng J, Yang H, Sun X, Liu Y, Hu B, Liu H. Structural characterization of Poria cocos oligosaccharides and their effects on the hepatic metabolome in high-fat diet-fed mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:6813-6829. [PMID: 35671132 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00638c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, novel Poria cocos oligosaccharides (PCO) were prepared by enzymatic degradation, and their polymerization degree was determined to be 2-6 by LC-MS analysis. By monosaccharide composition analysis, methylation assay, FT-IR, and NMR analysis, PCO were deduced to contain the sugar residues of (1 → 2)-β-D-Glcp, (1 → 2)-α-D-Glcp, and (1 → 4)-α-D-Glcp. Using an HFD-fed mouse model with dyslipidemia, PCO could significantly suppress lipid metabolism disorders, characterized by the reduction of lipid accumulation and inflammatory responses in the blood and liver tissues. Based on the non-targeted metabolomic analysis and Spearman's correlation analysis, we presume that the preventive effect of PCO on dyslipidemia might contribute to the reversal of changed metabolic pathways, which were related to the metabolisms of glycerophospholipids, unsaturated fatty acids, amino acids, choline, bile acids, tryptophan, sphingolipids, and glutathione. Our research shed light on the potential application of PCO for the treatment of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- College of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Synergy Innovation Center of Biological Peptide Antidiabetics of Hubei Province, Engineering Technology Research Center of Biological Peptide Antidiabetics of Hubei Province, Jiangxia Avenue 16, Wuhan 430223, P. R. China.,College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, P. R. China.
| | - Guangming Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, P. R. China.
| | - Yanlei Guo
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing 400065, P. R. China
| | - Junping Zheng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, P. R. China.
| | - Huabing Yang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, P. R. China.
| | - Xiongjie Sun
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Synergy Innovation Center of Biological Peptide Antidiabetics of Hubei Province, Engineering Technology Research Center of Biological Peptide Antidiabetics of Hubei Province, Jiangxia Avenue 16, Wuhan 430223, P. R. China
| | - Baifei Hu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, P. R. China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, P. R. China.
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11
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Sokolowska M, Rovati GE, Diamant Z, Untersmayr E, Schwarze J, Lukasik Z, Sava F, Angelina A, Palomares O, Akdis C, O'Mahony L, Jesenak M, Pfaar O, Torres MJ, Sanak M, Dahlén S, Woszczek G. Effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and other eicosanoid pathway modifiers on antiviral and allergic responses: EAACI task force on eicosanoids consensus report in times of COVID-19. Allergy 2022; 77:2337-2354. [PMID: 35174512 PMCID: PMC9111413 DOI: 10.1111/all.15258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and other eicosanoid pathway modifiers are among the most ubiquitously used medications in the general population. Their broad anti‐inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effects are applied against symptoms of respiratory infections, including SARS‐CoV‐2, as well as in other acute and chronic inflammatory diseases that often coexist with allergy and asthma. However, the current pandemic of COVID‐19 also revealed the gaps in our understanding of their mechanism of action, selectivity, and interactions not only during viral infections and inflammation, but also in asthma exacerbations, uncontrolled allergic inflammation, and NSAIDs‐exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD). In this context, the consensus report summarizes currently available knowledge, novel discoveries, and controversies regarding the use of NSAIDs in COVID‐19, and the role of NSAIDs in asthma and viral asthma exacerbations. We also describe here novel mechanisms of action of leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs), outline how to predict responses to LTRA therapy and discuss a potential role of LTRA therapy in COVID‐19 treatment. Moreover, we discuss interactions of novel T2 biologicals and other eicosanoid pathway modifiers on the horizon, such as prostaglandin D2 antagonists and cannabinoids, with eicosanoid pathways, in context of viral infections and exacerbations of asthma and allergic diseases. Finally, we identify and summarize the major knowledge gaps and unmet needs in current eicosanoid research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne ‐ Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
| | - G Enrico Rovati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Section of Pharmacology and Biosciences University of Milan Milano Italy
| | - Zuzana Diamant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Skane University Hospital Lund Sweden
- Department Microbiology Immunology and Transplantation Ku Leuven, Catholic University of Leuven Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Medicine First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and Thomayer Hospital Prague Czech Republic
| | - Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Jürgen Schwarze
- Child Life and Health and Centre for Inflammation Research The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Zuzanna Lukasik
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Florentina Sava
- London North Genomic Laboratory Hub Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - Alba Angelina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Chemistry Complutense University Madrid Spain
| | - Oscar Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Chemistry Complutense University Madrid Spain
| | - Cezmi Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne ‐ Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology APC Microbiome IrelandUniversity College Cork Cork Ireland
| | - Milos Jesenak
- Department of Pulmonology and Phthisiology Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology Department of Pediatrics Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin Comenius University in BratislavaUniversity Teaching Hospital in Martin Slovakia
| | - Oliver Pfaar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Section of Rhinology and Allergy University Hospital MarburgPhilipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - María José Torres
- Allergy Unit Málaga Regional University Hospital‐IBIMA‐UMA Málaga Spain
| | - Marek Sanak
- Department of Medicine Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow Poland
| | - Sven‐Erik Dahlén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and the Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institute, and the Department of Respiratory Medicine Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Grzegorz Woszczek
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences King's College London London UK
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