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Khalilimeybodi A, Saucerman JJ, Rangamani P. Modeling cardiomyocyte signaling and metabolism predicts genotype-to-phenotype mechanisms in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Comput Biol Med 2024; 175:108499. [PMID: 38677172 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a significant precursor of heart failure and sudden cardiac death, primarily caused by mutations in sarcomeric and structural proteins. Despite the extensive research on the HCM genotype, the complex and context-specific nature of many signaling and metabolic pathways linking the HCM genotype to phenotype has hindered therapeutic advancements for patients. Here, we have developed a computational model of HCM encompassing cardiomyocyte signaling and metabolic networks and their associated interactions. Utilizing a stochastic logic-based ODE approach, we linked cardiomyocyte signaling to the metabolic network through a gene regulatory network and post-translational modifications. We validated the model against published data on activities of signaling species in the HCM context and transcriptomes of two HCM mouse models (i.e., R403Q-αMyHC and R92W-TnT). Our model predicts that HCM mutation induces changes in metabolic functions such as ATP synthase deficiency and a transition from fatty acids to carbohydrate metabolism. The model indicated major shifts in glutamine-related metabolism and increased apoptosis after HCM-induced ATP synthase deficiency. We predicted that the transcription factors STAT, SRF, GATA4, TP53, and FoxO are the key regulators of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis in HCM in alignment with experiments. Moreover, we identified shared (e.g., activation of PGC1α by AMPK, and FHL1 by titin) and context-specific mechanisms (e.g., regulation of Ca2+ sensitivity by titin in HCM patients) that may control genotype-to-phenotype transition in HCM across different species or mutations. We also predicted potential combination drug targets for HCM (e.g., mavacamten plus ROS inhibitors) preventing or reversing HCM phenotype (i.e., hypertrophic growth, apoptosis, and metabolic remodeling) in cardiomyocytes. This study provides new insights into mechanisms linking genotype to phenotype in familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and offers a framework for assessing new treatments and exploring variations in HCM experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khalilimeybodi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey J Saucerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - P Rangamani
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093, United States of America.
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Stroik D, Gregorich ZR, Raza F, Ge Y, Guo W. Titin: roles in cardiac function and diseases. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1385821. [PMID: 38660537 PMCID: PMC11040099 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1385821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The giant protein titin is an essential component of muscle sarcomeres. A single titin molecule spans half a sarcomere and mediates diverse functions along its length by virtue of its unique domains. The A-band of titin functions as a molecular blueprint that defines the length of the thick filaments, the I-band constitutes a molecular spring that determines cell-based passive stiffness, and various domains, including the Z-disk, I-band, and M-line, serve as scaffolds for stretch-sensing signaling pathways that mediate mechanotransduction. This review aims to discuss recent insights into titin's functional roles and their relationship to cardiac function. The role of titin in heart diseases, such as dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, as well as its potential as a therapeutic target, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawson Stroik
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Zachery R. Gregorich
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Farhan Raza
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ying Ge
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Wei Guo
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Herwig M, Begovic M, Budde H, Delalat S, Zhazykbayeva S, Sieme M, Schneider L, Jaquet K, Mügge A, Akin I, El-Battrawy I, Fielitz J, Hamdani N. Protein Kinase D Plays a Crucial Role in Maintaining Cardiac Homeostasis by Regulating Post-Translational Modifications of Myofilament Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2790. [PMID: 38474037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase D (PKD) enzymes play important roles in regulating myocardial contraction, hypertrophy, and remodeling. One of the proteins phosphorylated by PKD is titin, which is involved in myofilament function. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of PKD in cardiomyocyte function under conditions of oxidative stress. To do this, we used mice with a cardiomyocyte-specific knock-out of Prkd1, which encodes PKD1 (Prkd1loxP/loxP; αMHC-Cre; PKD1 cKO), as well as wild type littermate controls (Prkd1loxP/loxP; WT). We isolated permeabilized cardiomyocytes from PKD1 cKO mice and found that they exhibited increased passive stiffness (Fpassive), which was associated with increased oxidation of titin, but showed no change in titin ubiquitination. Additionally, the PKD1 cKO mice showed increased myofilament calcium (Ca2+) sensitivity (pCa50) and reduced maximum Ca2+-activated tension. These changes were accompanied by increased oxidation and reduced phosphorylation of the small myofilament protein cardiac myosin binding protein C (cMyBPC), as well as altered phosphorylation levels at different phosphosites in troponin I (TnI). The increased Fpassive and pCa50, and the reduced maximum Ca2+-activated tension were reversed when we treated the isolated permeabilized cardiomyocytes with reduced glutathione (GSH). This indicated that myofilament protein oxidation contributes to cardiomyocyte dysfunction. Furthermore, the PKD1 cKO mice exhibited increased oxidative stress and increased expression of pro-inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Both oxidative stress and inflammation contributed to an increase in microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II levels and heat shock response by inhibiting the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the PKD1 cKO mouse myocytes. These findings revealed a previously unknown role for PKD1 in regulating diastolic passive properties, myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity, and maximum Ca2+-activated tension under conditions of oxidative stress. Finally, we emphasized the importance of PKD1 in maintaining the balance of oxidative stress and inflammation in the context of autophagy, as well as cardiomyocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Herwig
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Merima Begovic
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Heidi Budde
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Simin Delalat
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Saltanat Zhazykbayeva
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Marcel Sieme
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Luca Schneider
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Kornelia Jaquet
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Mügge
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Bergmannsheil University Hospitals, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ibrahim El-Battrawy
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Bergmannsheil University Hospitals, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jens Fielitz
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Physiology, University Maastricht, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
- HCEMM-SU Cardiovascular Comorbidities Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
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Vermersch E, Neuvendel S, Jouve C, Ruiz-Velasco A, Pereira C, Seguret M, Cattin-Messaoudi ME, Lotfi S, Dorval T, Berson P, Hulot JS. hsa-miR-548v controls the viscoelastic properties of human cardiomyocytes and improves their relaxation rates. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e161356. [PMID: 38165745 PMCID: PMC11143964 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.161356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The impairment of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function with an inadequate increase in myocardial relaxation velocity directly results in lower LV compliance, increased LV filling pressures, and heart failure symptoms. The development of agents facilitating the relaxation of human cardiomyocytes requires a better understanding of the underlying regulatory mechanisms. We performed a high-content microscopy-based screening in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) using a library of 2,565 human miRNA mimics and measured relaxation kinetics via high-computing analyses of motion movies. We identified hsa-miR-548v, a primate-specific miRNA, as the miRNA producing the largest increase in relaxation velocities. This positive lusitropic effect was reproduced in engineered cardiac tissues generated with healthy and BRAF T599R mutant hiPSC-CMs and was independent of changes in calcium transients. Consistent with improvements in viscoelastic responses to mechanical stretch, RNA-Seq showed that hsa-miR-548v downregulated multiple targets, especially components of the mechanosensing machinery. The exogenous administration of hsa-miR-548v in hiPSC-CMs notably resulted in a significant reduction of ANKRD1/CARP1 expression and localization at the sarcomeric I-band. This study suggests that the sarcomere I-band is a critical control center regulating the ability of cardiomyocytes to relax and is a target for improving relaxation and diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Vermersch
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, PARCC, F-75015 Paris, France
- Institut de recherches Servier, In vitro Pharmacology unit, and
| | | | - Charlène Jouve
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, PARCC, F-75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Céline Pereira
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, PARCC, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Magali Seguret
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, PARCC, F-75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Sofia Lotfi
- Institut de recherches Servier, In vitro Pharmacology unit, and
| | - Thierry Dorval
- Institut de recherches Servier, In vitro Pharmacology unit, and
| | - Pascal Berson
- Institut de recherches Servier, Cardiovascular and Metabolism Therapeutic Area, Croissy-sur-seine, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hulot
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, PARCC, F-75015 Paris, France
- CIC1418 and DMU CARTE, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, F-75015, Paris, France
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5
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Lv C, Zhou L, Meng Y, Yuan H, Geng J. PKD knockdown mitigates Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and ferroptosis via the JNK/P53 signaling pathway. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110974. [PMID: 37972803 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac hypertrophy is studied in relation to energy metabolism, autophagy, and ferroptosis, which are associated with cardiovascular adverse events and chronic heart failure. Protein kinase D (PKD) has been shown to play a degenerative role in cardiac hypertrophy. However, the role of ferroptosis in PKD-involved cardiac hypertrophy remains unclear. METHODS A cardiac hypertrophy model was induced by a subcutaneous injection of angiotensin II (Ang II) for 4 weeks. Adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9)-PKD or AAV9-Negative control were injected through the caudal vein 2 weeks prior to the injection of Ang II. The degree of cardiac hypertrophy was assessed using echocardiography and by observing cardiomyocyte morphology. Levels of ferroptosis and protein expression in the Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/P53 signaling pathway were measured both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS The results indicated that PKD knockdown reduces Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy, enhances cardiac function and inhibits ferroptosis. The involvement of the JNK/P53 pathway in this process was further confirmed by in vivo and in vitro experiments. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our findings suggest that PKD knockdown mitigates Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and ferroptosis via the JNK/P53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanyuan Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; JiNan Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Shandong 250021, China.
| | - Liuyi Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; JiNan Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yongkang Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; JiNan Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Haitao Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; JiNan Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Shandong 250021, China.
| | - Jing Geng
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; JiNan Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Shandong 250021, China.
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6
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Chakraborty AD, Kooiker K, Kobak KA, Cheng Y, Lee CF, Razumova M, Granzier H H, Regnier M, Rabinovitch PS, Moussavi-Harami F, Chiao YA. Late-life Rapamycin Treatment Enhances Cardiomyocyte Relaxation Kinetics and Reduces Myocardial Stiffness. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.12.544619. [PMID: 37398078 PMCID: PMC10312630 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.12.544619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Diastolic dysfunction is a key feature of the aging heart. We have shown that late-life treatment with mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin, reverses age-related diastolic dysfunction in mice but the molecular mechanisms of the reversal remain unclear. To dissect the mechanisms by which rapamycin improves diastolic function in old mice, we examined the effects of rapamycin treatment at the levels of single cardiomyocyte, myofibril and multicellular cardiac muscle. Compared to young cardiomyocytes, isolated cardiomyocytes from old control mice exhibited prolonged time to 90% relaxation (RT 90 ) and time to 90% Ca 2+ transient decay (DT 90 ), indicating slower relaxation kinetics and calcium reuptake with age. Late-life rapamycin treatment for 10 weeks completely normalized RT 90 and partially normalized DT 90 , suggesting improved Ca 2+ handling contributes partially to the rapamycin-induced improved cardiomyocyte relaxation. In addition, rapamycin treatment in old mice enhanced the kinetics of sarcomere shortening and Ca 2+ transient increase in old control cardiomyocytes. Myofibrils from old rapamycin-treated mice displayed increased rate of the fast, exponential decay phase of relaxation compared to old controls. The improved myofibrillar kinetics were accompanied by an increase in MyBP-C phosphorylation at S282 following rapamycin treatment. We also showed that late-life rapamycin treatment normalized the age-related increase in passive stiffness of demembranated cardiac trabeculae through a mechanism independent of titin isoform shift. In summary, our results showed that rapamycin treatment normalizes the age-related impairments in cardiomyocyte relaxation, which works conjointly with reduced myocardial stiffness to reverse age-related diastolic dysfunction.
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Zhazykbayeva S, Hassoun R, Herwig M, Budde H, Kovács Á, Mannherz HG, El-Battrawy I, Tóth A, Schmidt WE, Mügge A, Hamdani N. Oxidative stress and inflammation distinctly drive molecular mechanisms of diastolic dysfunction and remodeling in female and male heart failure with preserved ejection fraction rats. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1157398. [PMID: 37363100 PMCID: PMC10285478 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1157398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex cardiovascular insufficiency syndrome presenting with an ejection fraction (EF) of greater than 50% along with different proinflammatory and metabolic co-morbidities. Despite previous work provided key insights into our understanding of HFpEF, effective treatments are still limited. In the current study we attempted to unravel the molecular basis of sex-dependent differences in HFpEF pathology. We analyzed left ventricular samples from 1-year-old female and male transgenic (TG) rats homozygous for the rat Ren-2 renin gene (mRen2) characterized with hypertension and diastolic dysfunction and compared it to age-matched female and male wild type rats (WT) served as control. Cardiomyocytes from female and male TG rats exhibited an elevated titin-based stiffness (Fpassive), which was corrected to control level upon treatment with reduced glutathione indicating titin oxidation. This was accompanied with high levels of oxidative stress in TG rats with more prominent effects in female group. In vitro supplementation with heat shock proteins (HSPs) reversed the elevated Fpassive indicating restoration of their cytoprotective function. Furthermore, the TG group exhibited high levels of proinflammatory cytokines with significant alterations in apoptotic and autophagy pathways in both sexes. Distinct alterations in the expression of several proteins between both sexes suggest their differential impact on disease development and necessitate distinct treatment options. Hence, our data suggested that oxidative stress and inflammation distinctly drive diastolic dysfunction and remodeling in female and male rats with HFpEF and that the sex-dependent mechanisms contribute to HF pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saltanat Zhazykbayeva
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Roua Hassoun
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Melissa Herwig
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Heidi Budde
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Árpád Kovács
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hans Georg Mannherz
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ibrahim El-Battrawy
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Bergmannsheil University Hospitals, UK RUB, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Attila Tóth
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Wolfgang E. Schmidt
- Department of Medicine I, St. Josef Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Mügge
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Bergmannsheil University Hospitals, UK RUB, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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8
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Landim-Vieira M, Ma W, Song T, Rastegarpouyani H, Gong H, Coscarella IL, Bogaards SJP, Conijn SP, Ottenheijm CAC, Hwang HS, Papadaki M, Knollmann BC, Sadayappan S, Irving TC, Galkin VE, Chase PB, Pinto JR. Cardiac troponin T N-domain variant destabilizes the actin interface resulting in disturbed myofilament function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2221244120. [PMID: 37252999 PMCID: PMC10265946 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2221244120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Missense variant Ile79Asn in human cardiac troponin T (cTnT-I79N) has been associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and sudden cardiac arrest in juveniles. cTnT-I79N is located in the cTnT N-terminal (TnT1) loop region and is known for its pathological and prognostic relevance. A recent structural study revealed that I79 is part of a hydrophobic interface between the TnT1 loop and actin, which stabilizes the relaxed (OFF) state of the cardiac thin filament. Given the importance of understanding the role of TnT1 loop region in Ca2+ regulation of the cardiac thin filament along with the underlying mechanisms of cTnT-I79N-linked pathogenesis, we investigated the effects of cTnT-I79N on cardiac myofilament function. Transgenic I79N (Tg-I79N) muscle bundles displayed increased myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity, smaller myofilament lattice spacing, and slower crossbridge kinetics. These findings can be attributed to destabilization of the cardiac thin filament's relaxed state resulting in an increased number of crossbridges during Ca2+ activation. Additionally, in the low Ca2+-relaxed state (pCa8), we showed that more myosin heads are in the disordered-relaxed state (DRX) that are more likely to interact with actin in cTnT-I79N muscle bundles. Dysregulation of the myosin super-relaxed state (SRX) and the SRX/DRX equilibrium in cTnT-I79N muscle bundles likely result in increased mobility of myosin heads at pCa8, enhanced actomyosin interactions as evidenced by increased active force at low Ca2+, and increased sinusoidal stiffness. These findings point to a mechanism whereby cTnT-I79N weakens the interaction of the TnT1 loop with the actin filament, which in turn destabilizes the relaxed state of the cardiac thin filament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maicon Landim-Vieira
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL32306
| | - Weikang Ma
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL60616
| | - Taejeong Song
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH45267
| | - Hosna Rastegarpouyani
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306
- Institude of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306
| | - Henry Gong
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL60616
| | - Isabella Leite Coscarella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL32306
| | - Sylvia J. P. Bogaards
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan P. Conijn
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Coen A. C. Ottenheijm
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hyun S. Hwang
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306
| | - Maria Papadaki
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60153
| | - Bjorn C. Knollmann
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN37232
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH45267
| | - Thomas C. Irving
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL60616
| | - Vitold E. Galkin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA23507
| | - P. Bryant Chase
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306
| | - Jose Renato Pinto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL32306
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9
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Zou Y, Shi H, Liu N, Wang H, Song X, Liu B. Mechanistic insights into heat shock protein 27, a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1195464. [PMID: 37252119 PMCID: PMC10219228 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1195464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) is a small chaperone protein that is overexpressed in a variety of cellular stress states. It is involved in regulating proteostasis and protecting cells from multiple sources of stress injury by stabilizing protein conformation and promoting the refolding of misfolded proteins. Previous studies have confirmed that HSP27 is involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases and plays an important regulatory role in this process. Herein, we comprehensively and systematically summarize the involvement of HSP27 and its phosphorylated form in pathophysiological processes, including oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and apoptosis, and further explore the potential mechanisms and possible roles of HSP27 in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Targeting HSP27 is a promising future strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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10
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Liu T, Li X, Wang Y, Zhou M, Liang F. Computational modeling of electromechanical coupling in human cardiomyocyte applied to study hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and its drug response. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 231:107372. [PMID: 36736134 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Knowledge of electromechanical coupling in cardiomyocyte and how it is influenced by various pathophysiological factors is fundamental to understanding the pathogenesis of myocardial disease and its response to medication, which is however hard to be thoroughly addressed by clinical/experimental studies due to technical limitations. At this point, computational modeling offers an alternative approach. The main objective of the study was to develop a computational model capable of simulating the process of electromechanical coupling and quantifying the roles of various factors in play in the human left ventricular cardiomyocyte. METHODS A new electrophysiological model was firstly built by combining several existing electrophysiological models and incorporating the mechanism of electrophysiological homeostasis, which was subsequently coupled to models representing the cross-bridge dynamics and active force generation during excitation-contraction coupling and the passive mechanical properties of cardiomyocyte to yield an integrative electromechanical model. Model parameters were calibrated or optimized based on a large amount of experimental data. The resulting model was applied to delineate the characteristics of electromechanical coupling and explore underlying determinant factors in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) cardiomyocyte, as well as quantify their changes in response to different medications. RESULTS Model predictions captured the major electromechanical characteristics of cardiomyocyte under both normal physiological and HCM conditions. In comparison with normal cardiomyocyte, HCM cardiomyocyte suffered from systemic changes in both electrophysiological and mechanical variables. Numerical simulations of drug response revealed that Mavacamten and Metoprolol could both reduce the active contractility and alleviate calcium overload but had marked differential influences on many other electromechanical variables, which theoretically explained why the two drugs have differential therapeutic effects. In addition, our numerical experiments demonstrated the important role of compensatory ion transport in maintaining electrophysiological homeostasis and regulating cytoplasmic volume. CONCLUSIONS A sophisticated computational model has the advantage of providing quantitative and integrative insights for understanding the pathogenesis and drug responses of HCM or other myocardial diseases at the level of cardiomyocyte, and hence may contribute as a useful complement to clinical/experimental studies. The model may also be coupled to tissue- or organ-level models to strengthen the physiological implications of macro-scale numerical simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiwei Liu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xuanyu Li
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fuyou Liang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; World-Class Research Center "Digital biodesign and personalized healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 19991, Russia.
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11
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Halder SS, Rynkiewicz MJ, Creso JG, Sewanan LR, Howland L, Moore JR, Lehman W, Campbell SG. Mechanisms of pathogenicity in the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-associated TPM1 variant S215L. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad011. [PMID: 36896133 PMCID: PMC9991458 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited disorder often caused by mutations to sarcomeric genes. Many different HCM-associated TPM1 mutations have been identified but they vary in their degrees of severity, prevalence, and rate of disease progression. The pathogenicity of many TPM1 variants detected in the clinical population remains unknown. Our objective was to employ a computational modeling pipeline to assess pathogenicity of one such variant of unknown significance, TPM1 S215L, and validate predictions using experimental methods. Molecular dynamic simulations of tropomyosin on actin suggest that the S215L significantly destabilizes the blocked regulatory state while increasing flexibility of the tropomyosin chain. These changes were quantitatively represented in a Markov model of thin-filament activation to infer the impacts of S215L on myofilament function. Simulations of in vitro motility and isometric twitch force predicted that the mutation would increase Ca2+ sensitivity and twitch force while slowing twitch relaxation. In vitro motility experiments with thin filaments containing TPM1 S215L revealed higher Ca2+ sensitivity compared with wild type. Three-dimensional genetically engineered heart tissues expressing TPM1 S215L exhibited hypercontractility, upregulation of hypertrophic gene markers, and diastolic dysfunction. These data form a mechanistic description of TPM1 S215L pathogenicity that starts with disruption of the mechanical and regulatory properties of tropomyosin, leading thereafter to hypercontractility and finally induction of a hypertrophic phenotype. These simulations and experiments support the classification of S215L as a pathogenic mutation and support the hypothesis that an inability to adequately inhibit actomyosin interactions is the mechanism whereby thin-filament mutations cause HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiti S Halder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511
| | | | - Jenette G Creso
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Lorenzo R Sewanan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511
- Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Lindsey Howland
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, MA 01854
| | - Jeffrey R Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, MA 01854
| | - William Lehman
- Department of Physiology/Biophysics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Stuart G Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511
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12
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Johnson JR, Barclay JW. C. elegans dkf-1 (Protein Kinase D1) mutants have age-dependent defects in locomotion and neuromuscular transmission. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2023; 2023:10.17912/micropub.biology.000800. [PMID: 37090152 PMCID: PMC10113962 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Changes in neuronal function that occur with age are an area of increasing importance. A potential significant contributor to age-dependent decline may be alterations to neurotransmitter release. Protein kinases, such as Protein Kinase C and Protein Kinase A, are well characterised modulators of neuronal function and neurotransmission. Protein Kinase D (PRKD) is a serine/threonine kinase whose role in neurons is less well characterised. Here we report that mutations in the C. elegans PRKD homolog, dkf-1 , show an acceleration in age-dependent decline of locomotion rate and an alteration to age-dependent changes in aldicarb sensitivity. These effects could be explained by a pre- or post-synaptic function of the protein kinase as the animal ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Johnson
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England, United Kingdom
| | - Jeff W. Barclay
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England, United Kingdom
- Correspondence to: Jeff W. Barclay (
)
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13
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Khalilimeybodi A, Riaz M, Campbell SG, Omens JH, McCulloch AD, Qyang Y, Saucerman JJ. Signaling network model of cardiomyocyte morphological changes in familial cardiomyopathy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 174:1-14. [PMID: 36370475 PMCID: PMC10230857 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Familial cardiomyopathy is a precursor of heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Over the past several decades, researchers have discovered numerous gene mutations primarily in sarcomeric and cytoskeletal proteins causing two different disease phenotypes: hypertrophic (HCM) and dilated (DCM) cardiomyopathies. However, molecular mechanisms linking genotype to phenotype remain unclear. Here, we employ a systems approach by integrating experimental findings from preclinical studies (e.g., murine data) into a cohesive signaling network to scrutinize genotype to phenotype mechanisms. We developed an HCM/DCM signaling network model utilizing a logic-based differential equations approach and evaluated model performance in predicting experimental data from four contexts (HCM, DCM, pressure overload, and volume overload). The model has an overall prediction accuracy of 83.8%, with higher accuracy in the HCM context (90%) than DCM (75%). Global sensitivity analysis identifies key signaling reactions, with calcium-mediated myofilament force development and calcium-calmodulin kinase signaling ranking the highest. A structural revision analysis indicates potential missing interactions that primarily control calcium regulatory proteins, increasing model prediction accuracy. Combination pharmacotherapy analysis suggests that downregulation of signaling components such as calcium, titin and its associated proteins, growth factor receptors, ERK1/2, and PI3K-AKT could inhibit myocyte growth in HCM. In experiments with patient-specific iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (MLP-W4R;MYH7-R723C iPSC-CMs), combined inhibition of ERK1/2 and PI3K-AKT rescued the HCM phenotype, as predicted by the model. In DCM, PI3K-AKT-NFAT downregulation combined with upregulation of Ras/ERK1/2 or titin or Gq protein could ameliorate cardiomyocyte morphology. The model results suggest that HCM mutations that increase active force through elevated calcium sensitivity could increase ERK activity and decrease eccentricity through parallel growth factors, Gq-mediated, and titin pathways. Moreover, the model simulated the influence of existing medications on cardiac growth in HCM and DCM contexts. This HCM/DCM signaling model demonstrates utility in investigating genotype to phenotype mechanisms in familial cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khalilimeybodi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stuart G Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Omens
- Departments of Bioengineering and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Andrew D McCulloch
- Departments of Bioengineering and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, United States of America; Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey J Saucerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America.
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14
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Manilall A, Mokotedi L, Gunter S, Le Roux R, Fourie S, Flanagan CA, Millen AME. Increased protein phosphatase 5 expression in inflammation-induced left ventricular dysfunction in rats. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:539. [PMID: 36494772 PMCID: PMC9732989 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02977-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Titin phosphorylation contributes to left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction. The independent effects of inflammation on the molecular pathways that regulate titin phosphorylation are unclear. METHODS We investigated the effects of collagen-induced inflammation and subsequent tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibition on mRNA expression of genes involved in regulating titin phosphorylation in 70 Sprague-Dawley rats. LV diastolic function was assessed with echocardiography. Circulating inflammatory markers were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and relative LV gene expression was assessed by Taqman® polymerase chain reaction. Differences in normally distributed variables between the groups were determined by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey post-hoc tests. For non-normally distributed variables, group differences were determined by Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS Collagen inoculation increased LV relative mRNA expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1), pentraxin 3 (PTX3), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) compared to controls, indicating local microvascular inflammation. Collagen inoculation decreased soluble guanylate cyclase alpha-2 (sGCα2) and soluble guanylate cyclase beta-2 (sGCβ2) expression, suggesting downregulation of nitric oxide-soluble guanylate cyclase-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO-sGC-cGMP) signaling. Inhibiting TNF-α prevented collagen-induced changes in VCAM1, iNOS, sGCα2 and sGCβ2 expression. Collagen inoculation increased protein phosphatase 5 (PP5) expression. Like LV diastolic dysfunction, increased PP5 expression was not prevented by TNF-α inhibition. CONCLUSION Inflammation-induced LV diastolic dysfunction may be mediated by a TNF-α-independent increase in PP5 expression and dephosphorylation of the N2-Bus stretch element of titin, rather than by TNF-α-induced downregulation of NO-sGC-cGMP pathway-dependent titin phosphorylation. The steady rise in number of patients with inflammation-induced diastolic dysfunction, coupled with low success rates of current therapies warrants a better understanding of the systemic signals and molecular pathways responsible for decreased titin phosphorylation in development of LV diastolic dysfunction. The therapeutic potential of inhibiting PP5 upregulation in LV diastolic dysfunction requires investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashmeetha Manilall
- grid.11951.3d0000 0004 1937 1135Integrated Molecular Physiology Research Initiative, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193 South Africa
| | - Lebogang Mokotedi
- grid.11951.3d0000 0004 1937 1135Integrated Molecular Physiology Research Initiative, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193 South Africa
| | - Sulè Gunter
- grid.11951.3d0000 0004 1937 1135Integrated Molecular Physiology Research Initiative, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193 South Africa
| | - Regina Le Roux
- grid.11951.3d0000 0004 1937 1135Integrated Molecular Physiology Research Initiative, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193 South Africa
| | - Serena Fourie
- grid.11951.3d0000 0004 1937 1135Integrated Molecular Physiology Research Initiative, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193 South Africa
| | - Colleen A. Flanagan
- grid.11951.3d0000 0004 1937 1135Integrated Molecular Physiology Research Initiative, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193 South Africa
| | - Aletta M. E. Millen
- grid.11951.3d0000 0004 1937 1135Integrated Molecular Physiology Research Initiative, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193 South Africa
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15
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Altered Cellular Protein Quality Control System Modulates Cardiomyocyte Function in Volume Overload-Induced Hypertrophy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112210. [DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Volume-induced hypertrophy is one of the risk factors for cardiac morbidity and mortality. In addition, mechanical and metabolic dysfunction, aging, and cellular redox balance are also contributing factors to the disease progression. In this study, we used volume overload (VO), which was induced by an aortocaval fistula in 2-month-old male Wistar rats, and sham-operated animals served as control. Functional parameters were measured by transthoracic echocardiography at termination 4- or 8-months after VO. The animals showed hypertrophic remodeling that was accompanied by mechanical dysfunction and increased cardiomyocyte stiffness. These alterations were reversible upon treatment with glutathione. Cardiomyocyte dysfunction was associated with elevated oxidative stress markers with unchanged inflammatory signaling pathways. In addition, we observed altered phosphorylation status of small heat shock proteins 27 and 70 and diminished protease expression caspases 3 compared to the matched control group, indicating an impaired protein quality control system. Such alterations might be attributed to the increased oxidative stress as anticipated from the enhanced titin oxidation, ubiquitination, and the elevation in oxidative stress markers. Our study showed an early pathological response to VO, which manifests in cardiomyocyte mechanical dysfunction and dysregulated signaling pathways associated with enhanced oxidative stress and an impaired protein quality control system.
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16
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Bossuyt J, Borst JM, Verberckmoes M, Bailey LRJ, Bers DM, Hegyi B. Protein Kinase D1 Regulates Cardiac Hypertrophy, Potassium Channel Remodeling, and Arrhythmias in Heart Failure. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e027573. [PMID: 36172952 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.027573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Structural and electrophysiological remodeling characterize heart failure (HF) enhancing arrhythmias. PKD1 (protein kinase D1) is upregulated in HF and mediates pathological hypertrophic signaling, but its role in K+ channel remodeling and arrhythmogenesis in HF is unknown. Methods and Results We performed echocardiography, electrophysiology, and expression analysis in wild-type and PKD1 cardiomyocyte-specific knockout (cKO) mice following transverse aortic constriction (TAC). PKD1-cKO mice exhibited significantly less cardiac hypertrophy post-TAC and were protected from early decline in cardiac contractile function (3 weeks post-TAC) but not the progression to HF at 7 weeks post-TAC. Wild-type mice exhibited ventricular action potential duration prolongation at 8 weeks post-TAC, which was attenuated in PKD1-cKO, consistent with larger K+ currents via the transient outward current, sustained current, inward rectifier K+ current, and rapid delayed rectifier K+ current and increased expression of corresponding K+ channels. Conversely, reduction of slowly inactivating K+ current was independent of PKD1 in HF. Acute PKD inhibition slightly increased transient outward current in TAC and sham wild-type myocytes but did not alter other K+ currents. Sham PKD1-cKO versus wild-type also exhibited larger transient outward current and faster early action potential repolarization. Tachypacing-induced action potential duration alternans in TAC animals was increased and independent of PKD1, but diastolic arrhythmogenic activities were reduced in PKD1-cKO. Conclusions Our data indicate an important role for PKD1 in the HF-related hypertrophic response and K+ channel downregulation. Therefore, PKD1 inhibition may represent a therapeutic strategy to reduce hypertrophy and arrhythmias; however, PKD1 inhibition may not prevent disease progression and reduced contractility in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bossuyt
- Department of Pharmacology University of California Davis CA
| | - Johanna M Borst
- Department of Pharmacology University of California Davis CA
| | | | | | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology University of California Davis CA
| | - Bence Hegyi
- Department of Pharmacology University of California Davis CA
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17
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Tangos M, Budde H, Kolijn D, Sieme M, Zhazykbayeva S, Lódi M, Herwig M, Gömöri K, Hassoun R, Robinson EL, Meister TL, Jaquet K, Kovács Á, Mustroph J, Evert K, Babel N, Fagyas M, Lindner D, Püschel K, Westermann D, Mannherz HG, Paneni F, Pfaender S, Tóth A, Mügge A, Sossalla S, Hamdani N. SARS-CoV-2 infects human cardiomyocytes promoted by inflammation and oxidative stress. Int J Cardiol 2022; 362:196-205. [PMID: 35643215 PMCID: PMC9132721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The respiratory illness triggered by severe acute respiratory syndrome virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is often particularly serious or fatal amongst patients with pre-existing heart conditions. Although the mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2-related cardiac damage remain elusive, inflammation (i.e. ‘cytokine storm’) and oxidative stress are likely involved. Methods and results Here we sought to determine: 1) if cardiomyocytes are targeted by SARS-CoV-2 and 2) how inflammation and oxidative stress promote the viral entry into cardiac cells. We analysed pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress and its impact on virus entry and virus-associated cardiac damage from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients and compared it to left ventricular myocardial tissues obtained from non-infected transplanted hearts either from end stage heart failure or non-failing hearts (donor group). We found that neuropilin-1 potentiates SARS-CoV-2 entry into human cardiomyocytes, a phenomenon driven by inflammatory and oxidant signals. These changes accounted for increased proteases activity and apoptotic markers thus leading to cell damage and apoptosis. Conclusion This study provides new insights into the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 entry into the heart and defines promising targets for antiviral interventions for COVID-19 patients with pre-existing heart conditions or patients with co-morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Tangos
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Heidi Budde
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Detmar Kolijn
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marcel Sieme
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Saltanat Zhazykbayeva
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mária Lódi
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Medical Faculty, Bochum, Germany
| | - Melissa Herwig
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kamilla Gömöri
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Roua Hassoun
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Emma Louise Robinson
- School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
| | - Toni Luise Meister
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kornelia Jaquet
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Árpád Kovács
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Julian Mustroph
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katja Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nina Babel
- Center for Translational Medicine and Immune Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical Department I, Marien Hospital Herne, University Hospital of the Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Miklós Fagyas
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Diana Lindner
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Püschel
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Westermann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Hans Georg Mannherz
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland; University Heart Center, Cardiology, Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Pfaender
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Attila Tóth
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andreas Mügge
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Samuel Sossalla
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Clinic for Cardiology & Pneumology, Georg-August University Goettingen, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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18
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Budde H, Hassoun R, Mügge A, Kovács Á, Hamdani N. Current Understanding of Molecular Pathophysiology of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Front Physiol 2022; 13:928232. [PMID: 35874547 PMCID: PMC9301384 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.928232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart Failure (HF) is the most common cause of hospitalization in the Western societies. HF is a heterogeneous and complex syndrome that may result from any dysfunction of systolic or diastolic capacity. Abnormal diastolic left ventricular function with impaired relaxation and increased diastolic stiffness is characteristic of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HFpEF accounts for more than 50% of all cases of HF. The prevalence increases with age: from around 1% for those aged <55 years to >10% in those aged 70 years or over. Nearly 50% of HF patients have HFrEF and the other 50% have HFpEF/HFmrEF, mainly based on studies in hospitalized patients. The ESC Long-Term Registry, in the outpatient setting, reports that 60% have HFrEF, 24% have HFmrEF, and 16% have HFpEF. To some extent, more than 50% of HF patients are female. HFpEF is closely associated with co-morbidities, age, and gender. Epidemiological evidence suggests that HFpEF is highly represented in older obese women and proposed as ‘obese female HFpEF phenotype’. While HFrEF phenotype is more a male phenotype. In addition, metabolic abnormalities and hemodynamic perturbations in obese HFpEF patients appear to have a greater impact in women then in men (Sorimachi et al., European J of Heart Fail, 2022, 22). To date, numerous clinical trials of HFpEF treatments have produced disappointing results. This outcome suggests that a “one size fits all” approach to HFpEF may be inappropriate and supports the use of tailored, personalized therapeutic strategies with specific treatments for distinct HFpEF phenotypes. The most important mediators of diastolic stiffness are the cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM). The complex physiological signal transduction networks that respond to the dual challenges of inflammatory and oxidative stress are major factors that promote the development of HFpEF pathologies. These signalling networks contribute to the development of the diseases. Inhibition and/or attenuation of these signalling networks also delays the onset of disease. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms associated with the physiological responses to inflammation and oxidative stress and emphasize the nature of the contribution of most important cells to the development of HFpEF via increased inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Budde
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Roua Hassoun
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Mügge
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Árpád Kovács
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- *Correspondence: Nazha Hamdani,
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19
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Gömöri K, Herwig M, Budde H, Hassoun R, Mostafi N, Zhazykbayeva S, Sieme M, Modi S, Szabados T, Pipis J, Farkas-Morvay N, Leprán I, Ágoston G, Baczkó I, Kovács Á, Mügge A, Ferdinandy P, Görbe A, Bencsik P, Hamdani N. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and protein kinase G oxidation contributes to impaired sarcomeric proteins in hypertrophy model. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 9:2585-2600. [PMID: 35584900 PMCID: PMC9288768 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Volume overload (VO) induced hypertrophy is one of the hallmarks to the development of heart diseases. Understanding the compensatory mechanisms involved in this process might help preventing the disease progression. Methods and results Therefore, the present study used 2 months old Wistar rats, which underwent an aortocaval fistula to develop VO‐induced hypertrophy. The animals were subdivided into four different groups, two sham operated animals served as age‐matched controls and two groups with aortocaval fistula. Echocardiography was performed prior termination after 4‐ and 8‐month. Functional and molecular changes of several sarcomeric proteins and their signalling pathways involved in the regulation and modulation of cardiomyocyte function were investigated. Results The model was characterized with preserved ejection fraction in all groups and with elevated heart/body weight ratio, left/right ventricular and atrial weight at 4‐ and 8‐month, which indicates VO‐induced hypertrophy. In addition, 8‐months groups showed increased left ventricular internal diameter during diastole, RV internal diameter, stroke volume and velocity‐time index compared with their age‐matched controls. These changes were accompanied by increased Ca2+ sensitivity and titin‐based cardiomyocyte stiffness in 8‐month VO rats compared with other groups. The altered cardiomyocyte mechanics was associated with phosphorylation deficit of sarcomeric proteins cardiac troponin I, myosin binding protein C and titin, also accompanied with impaired signalling pathways involved in phosphorylation of these sarcomeric proteins in 8‐month VO rats compared with age‐matched control group. Impaired protein phosphorylation status and dysregulated signalling pathways were associated with significant alterations in the oxidative status of both kinases CaMKII and PKG explaining by this the elevated Ca2+ sensitivity and titin‐based cardiomyocyte stiffness and perhaps the development of hypertrophy. Conclusions Our findings showed VO‐induced cardiomyocyte dysfunction via deranged phosphorylation of myofilament proteins and signalling pathways due to increased oxidative state of CaMKII and PKG and this might contribute to the development of hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla Gömöri
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melissa Herwig
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Heidi Budde
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Roua Hassoun
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nusratul Mostafi
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Saltanat Zhazykbayeva
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marcel Sieme
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Suvasini Modi
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tamara Szabados
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Pipis
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - István Leprán
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely Ágoston
- Institute of Family Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Baczkó
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Árpád Kovács
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Mügge
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anikó Görbe
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Bencsik
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,HCEMM-Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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20
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Hassoun R, Budde H, Zhazykbayeva S, Herwig M, Sieme M, Delalat S, Mostafi N, Gömöri K, Tangos M, Jarkas M, Pabel S, Bruckmüller S, Skrygan M, Lódi M, Jaquet K, Sequeira V, Gambichler T, Remedios CD, Kovács Á, Mannherz HG, Mügge A, Sossalla S, Hamdani N. Stress activated signalling impaired protein quality control pathways in human hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Int J Cardiol 2021; 344:160-169. [PMID: 34517018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complex myocardial disorder with no well-established disease-modifying therapy so far. Our study aimed to investigate how autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammation, stress signalling pathways, and apoptosis are hallmark of HCM and their contribution to the cardiac dysfunction. Demembranated cardiomyocytes from patients with HCM display increased titin-based stiffness (Fpassive), which was corrected upon antioxidant treatment. Titin as a main determinant of Fpassive was S-glutathionylated and highly ubiquitinated in HCM patients. This was associated with a shift in the balance of reduced and oxidized forms of glutathione (GSH and GSSG, respectively). Both heat shock proteins (HSP27 and α-ß crystalline) were upregulated and S-glutathionylated in HCM. Administration of HSPs in vitro significantly reduced HCM cardiomyocyte stiffness. High levels of the phosphorylated monomeric superoxide anion-generating endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, decreased soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) activity, and high levels of 3-nitrotyrosine were observed in HCM. Many regulators of signal transduction pathways that are involved in autophagy, apoptosis, cardiac contractility, and growth including the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), protein kinase B (AKT), glycogen synthase kinase 3ß (GSK-3ß), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), forkhead box O transcription factor (FOXO), c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK), and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) were modified in HCM. The apoptotic factors cathepsin, procaspase 3, procaspase 9 and caspase 12, but not caspase 9, were elevated in HCM hearts and associated with increased proinflammatory cytokines (Interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 18 (IL-18), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1), the Toll-like receptors 2 (TLR2) and the Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4)) and oxidative stress (3-nitrotyrosine and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)). Here we reveal stress signalling and impaired PQS as potential mechanisms underlying the HCM phenotype. Our data suggest that reducing oxidative stress can be a viable therapeutic approach to attenuating the severity of cardiac dysfunction in heart failure and potentially in HCM and prevent its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roua Hassoun
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Heidi Budde
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Saltanat Zhazykbayeva
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Melissa Herwig
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Marcel Sieme
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Simin Delalat
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Nusratul Mostafi
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Kamilla Gömöri
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Melina Tangos
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Muhammad Jarkas
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Steffen Pabel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Bruckmüller
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Cancer Center, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Marina Skrygan
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Cancer Center, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Mária Lódi
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Medical Faculty, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Kornelia Jaquet
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Vasco Sequeira
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Thilo Gambichler
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Cancer Center, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Cris Dos Remedios
- Molecular Biophysics, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Darlinghurst, Australia.
| | - Árpád Kovács
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Hans Georg Mannherz
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Andreas Mügge
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Samuel Sossalla
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Clinic for Cardiology & Pneumology, Georg-August University Goettingen, and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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21
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Priksz D, Lampe N, Kovacs A, Herwig M, Bombicz M, Varga B, Wilisicz T, Szilvassy J, Posa A, Kiss R, Gesztelyi R, Raduly A, Szekeres R, Sieme M, Papp Z, Toth A, Hamdani N, Szilvassy Z, Juhasz B. Nicotinic-acid derivative BGP-15 improves diastolic function in a rabbit model of atherosclerotic cardiomyopathy. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:2240-2258. [PMID: 34811751 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Small molecule BGP-15 has been reported to alleviate signs of heart failure and improve muscle function in murine models. Here, we investigated the acute and chronic effects of BGP-15 in a rabbit model of atherosclerotic cardiomyopathy. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rabbits were maintained on standard chow (Control) or atherogenic diet (HC) for 16 weeks. BGP-15 was administered intravenously (once) or orally (for 16 weeks), to assess acute and chronic effects. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography, endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation was assessed, and key molecules of the protein kinase G (PKG) axis were examined by ELISA and Western blot. Passive force generation was investigated in skinned cardiomyocytes. KEY RESULTS Both acute and chronic BGP-15 treatment improved the diastolic performance of the diseased heart, however, vasorelaxation and serum lipid markers were unaffected. Myocardial cGMP levels were elevated in the BGP-15-treated group, along with preserved PKG activity and increased phospholamban Ser16-phosphorylation. PDE5 expression decreased in the BGP-15-treated group, and the substance inhibited PDE1 enzyme. Cardiomyocyte passive tension reduced in BGP-15-treated rabbits, the ratio of titin N2BA/N2B isoforms increased, and PKG-dependent N2B-titin phosphorylation elevated in the BGP-15-treated group. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Here we report that BGP-15-treatment improves diastolic function, reduces cardiomyocyte stiffness, and restores titin compliance in a rabbit model of atherosclerotic cardiomyopathy by increasing the activity of the cGMP-PKG axis. As BGP-15 is proven to be safe, it may have clinical value in the treatment of diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Priksz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nora Lampe
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Arpad Kovacs
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Institute of Physiology Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Melissa Herwig
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Institute of Physiology Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mariann Bombicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Balazs Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tician Wilisicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit Szilvassy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Aniko Posa
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rita Kiss
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rudolf Gesztelyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Arnold Raduly
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Reka Szekeres
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Marcel Sieme
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Institute of Physiology Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Zoltan Papp
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Toth
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Institute of Physiology Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Zoltan Szilvassy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Bela Juhasz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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22
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Ormerod KG, Scibelli AE, Littleton JT. Regulation of excitation-contraction coupling at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction. J Physiol 2021; 600:349-372. [PMID: 34788476 DOI: 10.1113/jp282092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Drosophila neuromuscular system is widely used to characterize synaptic development and function. However, little is known about how specific synaptic alterations effect neuromuscular transduction and muscle contractility, which ultimately dictate behavioural output. Here we develop and use a force transducer system to characterize excitation-contraction coupling at Drosophila larval neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), examining how specific neuronal and muscle manipulations disrupt muscle contractility. Muscle contraction force increased with motoneuron stimulation frequency and duration, showing considerable plasticity between 5 and 40 Hz and saturating above 50 Hz. Endogenous recordings of fictive contractions revealed average motoneuron burst frequencies of 20-30 Hz, consistent with the system operating within this plastic range of contractility. Temperature was also a key factor in muscle contractility, as force was enhanced at lower temperatures and dramatically reduced with increasing temperatures. Pharmacological and genetic manipulations of critical components of Ca2+ regulation in both pre- and postsynaptic compartments affected the strength and time course of muscle contractions. A screen for modulators of muscle contractility led to identification and characterization of the molecular and cellular pathway by which the FMRFa peptide, TPAEDFMRFa, increases muscle performance. These findings indicate Drosophila NMJs provide a robust system to correlate synaptic dysfunction, regulation and modulation to alterations in excitation-contraction coupling. KEY POINTS: Larval muscle contraction force increases with stimulation frequency and duration, revealing substantial plasticity between 5 and 40 Hz. Fictive contraction recordings demonstrate endogenous motoneuron burst frequencies consistent with the neuromuscular system operating within the range of greatest plasticity. Genetic and pharmacological manipulations of critical components of pre- and postsynaptic Ca2+ regulation significantly affect the strength and time course of muscle contractions. A screen for modulators of the excitation-contraction machinery identified a FMRFa peptide, TPAEDFMRFa and its associated signalling pathway, that dramatically increases muscle performance. Drosophila serves as an excellent model for dissecting components of the excitation-contraction coupling machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiel G Ormerod
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Biology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - J Troy Littleton
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Biology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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23
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Loescher CM, Hobbach AJ, Linke WA. Titin (TTN): from molecule to modifications, mechanics and medical significance. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2903-2918. [PMID: 34662387 PMCID: PMC9648829 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The giant sarcomere protein titin is a major determinant of cardiomyocyte stiffness and contributor to cardiac strain sensing. Titin-based forces are highly regulated in health and disease, which aids in the regulation of myocardial function, including cardiac filling and output. Due to the enormous size, complexity, and malleability of the titin molecule, titin properties are also vulnerable to dysregulation, as observed in various cardiac disorders. This review provides an overview of how cardiac titin properties can be changed at a molecular level, including the role isoform diversity and post-translational modifications (acetylation, oxidation, and phosphorylation) play in regulating myocardial stiffness and contractility. We then consider how this regulation becomes unbalanced in heart disease, with an emphasis on changes in titin stiffness and protein quality control. In this context, new insights into the key pathomechanisms of human cardiomyopathy due to a truncation in the titin gene (TTN) are discussed. Along the way, we touch on the potential for titin to be therapeutically targeted to treat acquired or inherited cardiac conditions, such as HFpEF or TTN-truncation cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Loescher
- Institute of Physiology II, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27B, Münster, 48149 Germany
| | - Anastasia J Hobbach
- Department of Cardiology I, Coronary, Peripheral Vascular Disease and Heart Failure, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Linke
- Institute of Physiology II, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27B, Münster, 48149 Germany
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24
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Hassoun R, Budde H, Mügge A, Hamdani N. Cardiomyocyte Dysfunction in Inherited Cardiomyopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11154. [PMID: 34681814 PMCID: PMC8541428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited cardiomyopathies form a heterogenous group of disorders that affect the structure and function of the heart. Defects in the genes encoding sarcomeric proteins are associated with various perturbations that induce contractile dysfunction and promote disease development. In this review we aimed to outline the functional consequences of the major inherited cardiomyopathies in terms of myocardial contraction and kinetics, and to highlight the structural and functional alterations in some sarcomeric variants that have been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of the inherited cardiomyopathies. A particular focus was made on mutation-induced alterations in cardiomyocyte mechanics. Since no disease-specific treatments for familial cardiomyopathies exist, several novel agents have been developed to modulate sarcomere contractility. Understanding the molecular basis of the disease opens new avenues for the development of new therapies. Furthermore, the earlier the awareness of the genetic defect, the better the clinical prognostication would be for patients and the better the prevention of development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roua Hassoun
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Heidi Budde
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Mügge
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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25
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De Novo Missense Mutations in TNNC1 and TNNI3 Causing Severe Infantile Cardiomyopathy Affect Myofilament Structure and Function and Are Modulated by Troponin Targeting Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179625. [PMID: 34502534 PMCID: PMC8431798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare pediatric non-compaction and restrictive cardiomyopathy are usually associated with a rapid and severe disease progression. While the non-compaction phenotype is characterized by structural defects and is correlated with systolic dysfunction, the restrictive phenotype exhibits diastolic dysfunction. The molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Target genes encode among others, the cardiac troponin subunits forming the main regulatory protein complex of the thin filament for muscle contraction. Here, we compare the molecular effects of two infantile de novo point mutations in TNNC1 (p.cTnC-G34S) and TNNI3 (p.cTnI-D127Y) leading to severe non-compaction and restrictive phenotypes, respectively. We used skinned cardiomyocytes, skinned fibers, and reconstituted thin filaments to measure the impact of the mutations on contractile function. We investigated the interaction of these troponin variants with actin and their inter-subunit interactions, as well as the structural integrity of reconstituted thin filaments. Both mutations exhibited similar functional and structural impairments, though the patients developed different phenotypes. Furthermore, the protein quality control system was affected, as shown for TnC-G34S using patient's myocardial tissue samples. The two troponin targeting agents levosimendan and green tea extract (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCg) stabilized the structural integrity of reconstituted thin filaments and ameliorated contractile function in vitro in some, but not all, aspects to a similar degree for both mutations.
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26
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Chou C, Chin MT. Pathogenic Mechanisms of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy beyond Sarcomere Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168933. [PMID: 34445638 PMCID: PMC8396307 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiovascular disorder, affecting 1 in 500 people in the general population. Although characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte disarray, and cardiac fibrosis, HCM is in fact a highly complex disease with heterogenous clinical presentation, onset, and complications. While HCM is generally accepted as a disease of the sarcomere, variable penetrance in families with identical genetic mutations challenges the monogenic origin of HCM and instead implies a multifactorial cause. Furthermore, large-scale genome sequencing studies revealed that many genes previously reported as causative of HCM in fact have little or no evidence of disease association. These findings thus call for a re-evaluation of the sarcomere-centered view of HCM pathogenesis. Here, we summarize our current understanding of sarcomere-independent mechanisms of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, highlight the role of extracellular signals in cardiac fibrosis, and propose an alternative but integrated model of HCM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chou
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
| | - Michael T. Chin
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-636-8776
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27
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Caporizzo MA, Prosser BL. Need for Speed: The Importance of Physiological Strain Rates in Determining Myocardial Stiffness. Front Physiol 2021; 12:696694. [PMID: 34393820 PMCID: PMC8361601 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.696694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart is viscoelastic, meaning its compliance is inversely proportional to the speed at which it stretches. During diastolic filling, the left ventricle rapidly expands at rates where viscoelastic forces impact ventricular compliance. In heart disease, myocardial viscoelasticity is often increased and can directly impede diastolic filling to reduce cardiac output. Thus, treatments that reduce myocardial viscoelasticity may provide benefit in heart failure, particularly for patients with diastolic heart failure. Yet, many experimental techniques either cannot or do not characterize myocardial viscoelasticity, and our understanding of the molecular regulators of viscoelasticity and its impact on cardiac performance is lacking. Much of this may stem from a reliance on techniques that either do not interrogate viscoelasticity (i.e., use non-physiological rates of strain) or techniques that compromise elements that contribute to viscoelasticity (i.e., skinned or permeabilized muscle preparations that compromise cytoskeletal integrity). Clinically, cardiac viscoelastic characterization is challenging, requiring the addition of strain-rate modulation during invasive hemodynamics. Despite these challenges, data continues to emerge demonstrating a meaningful contribution of viscoelasticity to cardiac physiology and pathology, and thus innovative approaches to characterize viscoelasticity stand to illuminate fundamental properties of myocardial mechanics and facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Caporizzo
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Benjamin L Prosser
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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28
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The Interplay between S-Glutathionylation and Phosphorylation of Cardiac Troponin I and Myosin Binding Protein C in End-Stage Human Failing Hearts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071134. [PMID: 34356367 PMCID: PMC8301081 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between the antioxidant defense system and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). At low levels, ROS are involved in the regulation of redox signaling for cell protection. However, upon chronical increase in oxidative stress, cell damage occurs, due to protein, DNA and lipid oxidation. Here, we investigated the oxidative modifications of myofilament proteins, and their role in modulating cardiomyocyte function in end-stage human failing hearts. We found altered maximum Ca2+-activated tension and Ca2+ sensitivity of force production of skinned single cardiomyocytes in end-stage human failing hearts compared to non-failing hearts, which was corrected upon treatment with reduced glutathione enzyme. This was accompanied by the increased oxidation of troponin I and myosin binding protein C, and decreased levels of protein kinases A (PKA)- and C (PKC)-mediated phosphorylation of both proteins. The Ca2+ sensitivity and maximal tension correlated strongly with the myofilament oxidation levels, hypo-phosphorylation, and oxidative stress parameters that were measured in all the samples. Furthermore, we detected elevated titin-based myocardial stiffness in HF myocytes, which was reversed by PKA and reduced glutathione enzyme treatment. Finally, many oxidative stress and inflammation parameters were significantly elevated in failing hearts compared to non-failing hearts, and corrected upon treatment with the anti-oxidant GSH enzyme. Here, we provide evidence that the altered mechanical properties of failing human cardiomyocytes are partially due to phosphorylation, S-glutathionylation, and the interplay between the two post-translational modifications, which contribute to the development of heart failure.
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29
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Hamdani N, Costantino S, Mügge A, Lebeche D, Tschöpe C, Thum T, Paneni F. Leveraging clinical epigenetics in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a call for individualized therapies. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:1940-1958. [PMID: 36282124 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Described as the 'single largest unmet need in cardiovascular medicine', heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains an untreatable disease currently representing 65% of new heart failure diagnoses. HFpEF is more frequent among women and associates with a poor prognosis and unsustainable healthcare costs. Moreover, the variability in HFpEF phenotypes amplifies complexity and difficulties in the approach. In this perspective, unveiling novel molecular targets is imperative. Epigenetic modifications-defined as changes of DNA, histones, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)-represent a molecular framework through which the environment modulates gene expression. Epigenetic signals acquired over the lifetime lead to chromatin remodelling and affect transcriptional programmes underlying oxidative stress, inflammation, dysmetabolism, and maladaptive left ventricular remodelling, all conditions predisposing to HFpEF. The strong involvement of epigenetic signalling in this setting makes the epigenetic information relevant for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in patients with HFpEF. The recent advances in high-throughput sequencing, computational epigenetics, and machine learning have enabled the identification of reliable epigenetic biomarkers in cardiovascular patients. Contrary to genetic tools, epigenetic biomarkers mirror the contribution of environmental cues and lifestyle changes and their reversible nature offers a promising opportunity to monitor disease states. The growing understanding of chromatin and ncRNAs biology has led to the development of several Food and Drug Administration approved 'epidrugs' (chromatin modifiers, mimics, anti-miRs) able to prevent transcriptional alterations underpinning left ventricular remodelling and HFpEF. In the present review, we discuss the importance of clinical epigenetics as a new tool to be employed for a personalized management of HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazha Hamdani
- Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany.,Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St-Josef Hospital, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany.,Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sarah Costantino
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren CH-8952, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Mügge
- Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St-Josef Hospital, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Djamel Lebeche
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Cardiovascular Research Institute, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Department of Medicine, Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren CH-8952, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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30
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Powers JD, Malingen SA, Regnier M, Daniel TL. The Sliding Filament Theory Since Andrew Huxley: Multiscale and Multidisciplinary Muscle Research. Annu Rev Biophys 2021; 50:373-400. [PMID: 33637009 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-110320-062613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Two groundbreaking papers published in 1954 laid out the theory of the mechanism of muscle contraction based on force-generating interactions between myofilaments in the sarcomere that cause filaments to slide past one another during muscle contraction. The succeeding decades of research in muscle physiology have revealed a unifying interest: to understand the multiscale processes-from atom to organ-that govern muscle function. Such an understanding would have profound consequences for a vast array of applications, from developing new biomimetic technologies to treating heart disease. However, connecting structural and functional properties that are relevant at one spatiotemporal scale to those that are relevant at other scales remains a great challenge. Through a lens of multiscale dynamics, we review in this article current and historical research in muscle physiology sparked by the sliding filament theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Powers
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Sage A Malingen
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA;
| | - Michael Regnier
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98185, USA
- Center for Translational Muscle Research, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98185, USA
| | - Thomas L Daniel
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA;
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98185, USA
- Center for Translational Muscle Research, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98185, USA
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31
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The molecular mechanisms associated with the physiological responses to inflammation and oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:947-968. [PMID: 32691301 PMCID: PMC7429613 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex physiological signal transduction networks that respond to the dual challenges of inflammatory and oxidative stress are major factors that promote the development of cardiovascular pathologies. These signaling networks contribute to the development of age-related diseases, suggesting crosstalk between the development of aging and cardiovascular disease. Inhibition and/or attenuation of these signaling networks also delays the onset of disease. Therefore, a concept of targeting the signaling networks that are involved in inflammation and oxidative stress may represent a novel treatment paradigm for many types of heart disease. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms associated with the physiological responses to inflammation and oxidative stress especially in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and emphasize the nature of the crosstalk of these signaling processes as well as possible therapeutic implications for cardiovascular medicine.
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