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Javed T, Shabbir R, Hussain S, Naseer MA, Ejaz I, Ali MM, Ahmar S, Yousef AF. Nanotechnology for endorsing abiotic stresses: a review on the role of nanoparticles and nanocompositions. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:831-849. [PMID: 36043237 DOI: 10.1071/fp22092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stresses, including the salt and heavy metals contaminated sites, signify a threat to sustainable crop production. The existence of these stresses has increased in recent years due to human-induced climate change. In view of this, several remediation strategies including nanotechnology have been studied to find more effective approaches for sustaining the environment. Nanoparticles, due to unique physiochemical properties; i.e. high mobility, reactivity, high surface area, and particle morphology, have shown a promising solution to promote sustainable agriculture. Crop plants easily take up nanoparticles, which can penetrate into the cells to play essential roles in growth and metabolic events. In addition, different iron- and carbon-based nanocompositions enhance the removal of metals from the contaminated sites and water; these nanoparticles activate the functional groups that potentially target specific molecules of the metal pollutants to obtain efficient remediation. This review article emphasises the recent advancement in the application of nanotechnology for the remediation of contaminated soils with metal pollutants and mitigating different abiotic stresses. Different implementation barriers are also discussed. Furthermore, we reported the opportunities and research directions to promote sustainable development based on the application of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; and Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Rubab Shabbir
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Sadam Hussain
- College of Agronomy, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Muhammad Asad Naseer
- College of Agronomy, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Irsa Ejaz
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100194, China
| | - Muhamamd Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Sunny Ahmar
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology, and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ahmed Fathy Yousef
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Taria S, Arora A, Krishna H, Manjunath KK, Meena S, Kumar S, Singh B, Krishna P, Malakondaiah AC, Das R, Alam B, Kumar S, Singh PK. Multivariate analysis and genetic dissection of staygreen and stem reserve mobilisation under combined drought and heat stress in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Front Genet 2023; 14:1242048. [PMID: 37705611 PMCID: PMC10496116 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1242048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Abiotic stresses significantly reduce crop yield by adversely affecting many physio-biochemical processes. Several physiological traits have been targeted and improved for yield enhancement in limiting environmental conditions. Amongst them, staygreen and stem reserve mobilisation are two important mutually exclusive traits contributing to grain filling under drought and heat stress in wheat. Henceforth, the present study was carried out to identify the QTLs governing these traits and to identify the superiors' lines through multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index (MGIDI) Methods: A mapping population consisting of 166 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between HD3086 and HI1500 was utilized in this study. The experiment was laid down in alpha lattice design in four environmental conditions viz. Control, drought, heat and combined stress (heat and drought). Genotyping of parents and RILs was carried out with 35 K Axiom® array (Wheat breeder array). Results and Discussion: Medium to high heritability with a moderate to high correlation between traits was observed. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to derive latent variables in the original set of traits and the relationship of these traits with latent variables.From this study, 14 QTLs were identified, out of which 11, 2, and 1 for soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value, leaf senescence rate (LSR), and stem reserve mobilisation efficiency (SRE) respectively. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for SPAD value harbored various genes like Dirigent protein 6-like, Protein FATTY ACID EXPORT 3, glucan synthase-3 and Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase, whereas QTLs for LSR were found to contain various genes like aspartyl protease family protein, potassium transporter, inositol-tetrakisphosphate 1-kinase, and DNA polymerase epsilon subunit D-like. Furthermore, the chromosomal region for SRE was found to be associated with serine-threonine protein kinase. Serine-threonine protein kinases are involved in many signaling networks such as ABA mediated ROS signaling and acclimation to environmental stimuli. After the validation of QTLs in multilocation trials, these QTLs can be used for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukumar Taria
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajay Arora
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Hari Krishna
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Shashi Meena
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Biswabiplab Singh
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Pavithra Krishna
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Ritwika Das
- Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Badre Alam
- ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sushil Kumar
- ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Mikołajczak K, Kuczyńska A, Krajewski P, Kempa M, Nuc M. Transcriptome profiling disclosed the effect of single and combined drought and heat stress on reprogramming of genes expression in barley flag leaf. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1096685. [PMID: 36726667 PMCID: PMC9885109 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1096685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous studies aimed at unraveling the genetic background of barley's response to abiotic stress, the modulation of the transcriptome induced by combinatorial drought and increased temperature remains largely unrecognized. Very limited studies were done, especially on the flag leaf, which plays an important role in grain filling in cereals. In the present study, transcriptome profiles, along with chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield components, were compared between barley genotypes with different flag leaf sizes under single and combined drought and heat stress. High-throughput mRNA sequencing revealed 2,457 differentially expressed genes, which were functionally interpreted using Gene Ontology term enrichment analysis. The transcriptomic signature under double stress was more similar to effects caused by drought than by elevated temperature; it was also manifested at phenotypic and chlorophyll fluorescence levels. Both common and stress-specific changes in transcript abundance were identified. Genes regulated commonly across stress treatments, determining universal stress responses, were associated, among others, with responses to drought, heat, and oxidative stress. In addition, changes specific to the size of the flag leaf blade were found. Our study allowed us to identify sets of genes assigned to various processes underlying the response to drought and heat, including photosynthesis, the abscisic acid pathway, and lipid transport. Genes encoding LEA proteins, including dehydrins and heat shock proteins, were especially induced by stress treatments. Some association between genetic composition and flag leaf size was confirmed. However, there was no general coincidence between SNP polymorphism of genotypes and differential expression of genes induced by stress factors. This research provided novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of barley flag leaf that determine drought and heat response, as well as their co-occurrence.
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Lotfi R, Abbasi A, Kalaji HM, Eskandari I, Sedghieh V, Khorsandi H, Sadeghian N, Yadav S, Rastogi A. The role of potassium on drought resistance of winter wheat cultivars under cold dryland conditions: Probed by chlorophyll a fluorescence. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 182:45-54. [PMID: 35462197 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K) is an important cation that regulates plant metabolism. Therefore the effect of different concentrations of potassium (0, 75, 150 kg ha-1 K2SO4) on photosynthesis efficiency of three winter wheat cultivars (Baran, Homa, Hashtrud) was investigated during the growing seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 under cold dryland conditions in Maragheh, Iran. Accumulation of potassium ion (K+) was observed to be increased with an increase in the concentration of K2SO4. With an increase in K+ the Hashtrud cultivar was observed to have more relative water content (RWC), normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI), and stomatal conductance (gs) than other cultivars. This resulted in a higher grain yield for the Hashtrud cultivar. RWC (R2 = 0.97), NDVI (R2 = 0.96), and gs (R2 = 0.92) had a positive relationship with KUE (grain yield/unit of K fertilizer used), especially in dryer years. K deficiency induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in plants. The application of K increased superoxide dismutases and reduced abscisic acid, to maintain the plants' stomatal conductance. Chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF) and the calculation of double normalized relative variable fluorescence reveal detailed information's about the response of wheat plants to K application under dryland conditions. The application of a high concentration of K (150 kg ha-1 K2SO4) on Hashtrud plants had a beneficial effect on the ChlF efficiency at different OJIP phases (KJ and JI). We found the efficiency of ChlF at the ΔWK-I phase with the values of FV/FO and PIABS improved with the application of 150 kg ha-1 K2SO4 and can be correlated with total yield improvement. These observations indicated that the application of a high concentration of K in stressed conditions for dryland areas could improve photosynthetic efficiency and wheat plant performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Lotfi
- Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Amin Abbasi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Maragheh University, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iraj Eskandari
- Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh, Iran
| | - Vahid Sedghieh
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Maragheh University, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Hadi Khorsandi
- Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh, Iran
| | - Nasrin Sadeghian
- Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh, Iran
| | - Saurabh Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal (Central) University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Anshu Rastogi
- Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649, Poznan, Poland; Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7500, AE Enschede, the Netherlands.
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Réthoré E, Jing L, Ali N, Yvin JC, Pluchon S, Hosseini SA. K Deprivation Modulates the Primary Metabolites and Increases Putrescine Concentration in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:681895. [PMID: 34484256 PMCID: PMC8409508 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.681895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K) plays a crucial role in plant growth and development and is involved in different physiological and biochemical functions in plants. Brassica napus needs higher amount of nutrients like nitrogen (N), K, phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and boron (B) than cereal crops. Previous studies in B. napus are mainly focused on the role of N and S or combined deficiencies. Hence, little is known about the response of B. napus to K deficiency. Here, a physiological, biochemical, and molecular analysis led us to investigate the response of hydroponically grown B. napus plants to K deficiency. The results showed that B. napus was highly sensitive to the lack of K. The lower uptake and translocation of K induced BnaHAK5 expression and significantly declined the growth of B. napus after 14 days of K starvation. The lower availability of K was associated with a decrease in the concentration of both S and N and modulated the genes involved in their uptake and transport. In addition, the lack of K induced an increase in Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentration which led partially to the accumulation of positive charge. Moreover, a decrease in the level of arginine as a positively charged amino acid was observed which was correlated with a substantial increase in the polyamine, putrescine (Put). Furthermore, K deficiency induced the expression of BnaNCED3 as a key gene in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetic pathway which was associated with an increase in the levels of ABA. Our findings provided a better understanding of the response of B. napus to K starvation and will be useful for considering the importance of K nutrition in this crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Réthoré
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Agro Innovation International—TIMAC AGRO, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Lun Jing
- Plateformes Analytiques de Recherche, Agro Innovation International—TIMAC AGRO, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Nusrat Ali
- Plateformes Analytiques de Recherche, Agro Innovation International—TIMAC AGRO, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Jean-Claude Yvin
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Agro Innovation International—TIMAC AGRO, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Sylvain Pluchon
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Agro Innovation International—TIMAC AGRO, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Seyed Abdollah Hosseini
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Agro Innovation International—TIMAC AGRO, Saint-Malo, France
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Siddiqui MH, Khan MN, Mukherjee S, Alamri S, Basahi RA, Al-Amri AA, Alsubaie QD, Al-Munqedhi BMA, Ali HM, Almohisen IAA. Hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) and potassium (K +) synergistically induce drought stress tolerance through regulation of H +-ATPase activity, sugar metabolism, and antioxidative defense in tomato seedlings. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:1543-1564. [PMID: 34142217 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02731-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous potassium (K+) and endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) synergistically alleviate drought stress through regulating H+-ATPase activity, sugar metabolism and redox homoeostasis in tomato seedlings. Present work evaluates the role of K+ in the regulation of endogenous H2S signaling in modulating the tolerance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. Mill.) seedlings to drought stress. The findings reveal that exposure of seedlings to 15% (w/v) polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG) led to a substantial decrease in leaf K+ content which was associated with reduced H+-ATPase activity. Treatment with sodium orthovanadate (SOV, PM H+-ATPase inhibitor) and tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA, K+ channel blocker) suggests that exogenous K+ stimulated H+-ATPase activity that further regulated endogenous K+ content in tomato seedlings subjected to drought stress. Moreover, reduction in H+-ATPase activity by hypotaurine (HT; H2S scavenger) substantiates the role of endogenous H2S in the regulation of H+-ATPase activity. Elevation in endogenous K+ content enhanced the biosynthesis of H2S through enhancing the synthesis of cysteine, the H2S precursor. Synergistic action of H2S and K+ effectively neutralized drought stress by regulating sugar metabolism and redox homoeostasis that resulted in osmotic adjustment, as witnessed by reduced water loss, and improved hydration level of the stressed seedlings. The integrative role of endogenous H2S in K+ homeostasis was validated using HT and TEA which weakened the protection against drought stress induced impairments. In conclusion, exogenous K+ and endogenous H2S regulate H+-ATPase activity which plays a decisive role in the maintenance of endogenous K+ homeostasis. Thus, present work reveals that K+ and H2S crosstalk is essential for modulation of drought stress tolerance in tomato seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia.
| | - M Nasir Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 742213, India
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyadh A Basahi
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Al-Amri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qasi D Alsubaie
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bander M A Al-Munqedhi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A A Almohisen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqra, P. O. Box 33, Quwayiyah, 11961, Saudi Arabia
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Jia X, Mao K, Wang P, Wang Y, Jia X, Huo L, Sun X, Che R, Gong X, Ma F. Overexpression of MdATG8i improves water use efficiency in transgenic apple by modulating photosynthesis, osmotic balance, and autophagic activity under moderate water deficit. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:81. [PMID: 33790273 PMCID: PMC8012348 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00521-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit is one of the major limiting factors for apple (Malus domestica) production on the Loess Plateau, a major apple cultivation area in China. The identification of genes related to the regulation of water use efficiency (WUE) is a crucial aspect of crop breeding programs. As a conserved degradation and recycling mechanism in eukaryotes, autophagy has been reported to participate in various stress responses. However, the relationship between autophagy and WUE regulation has not been explored. We have shown that a crucial autophagy protein in apple, MdATG8i, plays a role in improving salt tolerance. Here, we explored its biological function in response to long-term moderate drought stress. The results showed that MdATG8i-overexpressing (MdATG8i-OE) apple plants exhibited higher WUE than wild-type (WT) plants under long-term moderate drought conditions. Plant WUE can be increased by improving photosynthetic efficiency. Osmoregulation plays a critical role in plant stress resistance and adaptation. Under long-term drought conditions, the photosynthetic capacity and accumulation of sugar and amino acids were higher in MdATG8i-OE plants than in WT plants. The increased photosynthetic capacity in the OE plants could be attributed to their ability to maintain optimal stomatal aperture, organized chloroplasts, and strong antioxidant activity. MdATG8i overexpression also promoted autophagic activity, which was likely related to the changes described above. In summary, our results demonstrate that MdATG8i-OE apple lines exhibited higher WUE than WT under long-term moderate drought conditions because they maintained robust photosynthesis, effective osmotic adjustment processes, and strong autophagic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ke Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xumei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liuqing Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Runmin Che
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoqing Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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Ho LH, Rode R, Siegel M, Reinhardt F, Neuhaus HE, Yvin JC, Pluchon S, Hosseini SA, Pommerrenig B. Potassium Application Boosts Photosynthesis and Sorbitol Biosynthesis and Accelerates Cold Acclimation of Common Plantain ( Plantago major L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:plants9101259. [PMID: 32987723 PMCID: PMC7598673 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K) is essential for the processes critical for plant performance, including photosynthesis, carbon assimilation, and response to stress. K also influences translocation of sugars in the phloem and regulates sucrose metabolism. Several plant species synthesize polyols and transport these sugar alcohols from source to sink tissues. Limited knowledge exists about the involvement of K in the above processes in polyol-translocating plants. We, therefore, studied K effects in Plantago major, a species that accumulates the polyol sorbitol to high concentrations. We grew P. major plants on soil substrate adjusted to low-, medium-, or high-potassium conditions. We found that biomass, seed yield, and leaf tissue K contents increased in a soil K-dependent manner. K gradually increased the photosynthetic efficiency and decreased the non-photochemical quenching. Concomitantly, sorbitol levels and sorbitol to sucrose ratio in leaves and phloem sap increased in a K-dependent manner. K supply also fostered plant cold acclimation. High soil K levels mitigated loss of water from leaves in the cold and supported cold-dependent sugar and sorbitol accumulation. We hypothesize that with increased K nutrition, P. major preferentially channels photosynthesis-derived electrons into sorbitol biosynthesis and that this increased sorbitol is supportive for sink development and as a protective solute, during abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hsuan Ho
- Plant Physiology, University Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Str., 67663 Kaiserlautern, Germany; (L.-H.H.); (R.R.); (M.S.); (F.R.); (H.E.N.)
| | - Regina Rode
- Plant Physiology, University Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Str., 67663 Kaiserlautern, Germany; (L.-H.H.); (R.R.); (M.S.); (F.R.); (H.E.N.)
| | - Maike Siegel
- Plant Physiology, University Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Str., 67663 Kaiserlautern, Germany; (L.-H.H.); (R.R.); (M.S.); (F.R.); (H.E.N.)
| | - Frank Reinhardt
- Plant Physiology, University Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Str., 67663 Kaiserlautern, Germany; (L.-H.H.); (R.R.); (M.S.); (F.R.); (H.E.N.)
| | - H. Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Plant Physiology, University Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Str., 67663 Kaiserlautern, Germany; (L.-H.H.); (R.R.); (M.S.); (F.R.); (H.E.N.)
| | - Jean-Claude Yvin
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation Roullier—Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, 18 avenue Franklin Roosevelt 35400 Saint-Malo, France; (J.-C.Y.); (S.P.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Sylvain Pluchon
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation Roullier—Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, 18 avenue Franklin Roosevelt 35400 Saint-Malo, France; (J.-C.Y.); (S.P.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Seyed Abdollah Hosseini
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation Roullier—Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, 18 avenue Franklin Roosevelt 35400 Saint-Malo, France; (J.-C.Y.); (S.P.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Plant Physiology, University Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Str., 67663 Kaiserlautern, Germany; (L.-H.H.); (R.R.); (M.S.); (F.R.); (H.E.N.)
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9
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Yan K, Ran M, Li S, Zhang J, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wei D, Tang Q. The delayed senescence of postharvest buds in salt ions was related to antioxidant activity, HDA9 and CCX1 in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italic Planch.). Food Chem 2020; 324:126887. [PMID: 32339788 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation and salt ions play essential roles in senescence control, but the underlying regulatory mechanism of senescence has not been thoroughly revealed in broccoli postharvest buds. Here, we found 200 mmol·L-1 NaCl, 400 mmol·L-1 KCl, 40 mmol·L-1 CaCl2 and 0.5 μmol·L-1 Trichostatin-A (TSA, a histone deacetylase inhibitor) delayed the bud senescence. They resulted in significantly inhibiting the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and dramatically promoting the contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and Chlorophyll. Furthermore, the expression of PHEOPHYTINASE (PPH) and NONYELLOWING (NYE1), but not SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1), were remarkably repressed by salt ions and TSA. Interestingly, HISTONE DEACETYLASE 9 (HDA9) and CATION/Ca2+ EXCHANGER 1 (CCX1) were down-regulated by NaCl, CaCl2 and TSA. Further assays demonstrated that HDA9 could not interact with CCX1 promoter. It suggested that CCX1 along with HDA9 were involved in inhibiting the senescence of broccoli buds, and regulated aging by indirect interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chengdu Agricultural College, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Maolin Ran
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Rice and Sorghum Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sichuan Deyang 618000, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Junli Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dayong Wei
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Qinglin Tang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China.
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10
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Huihui Z, Yue W, Xin L, Guoqiang H, Yanhui C, Zhiyuan T, Jieyu S, Nan X, Guangyu S. Chlorophyll synthesis and the photoprotective mechanism in leaves of mulberry (Morus alba L.) seedlings under NaCl and NaHCO 3 stress revealed by TMT-based proteomics analyses. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110164. [PMID: 31927191 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll (Chl) and effective photoprotective mechanism are important prerequisites to ensure the photosynthetic function of plants under stress. In this study, the effects of 100 mmol L-1 NaCl and NaHCO3 stress on chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthetic function of mulberry seedlings were studied by physiological combined with proteomics technology. The results show that: NaCl stress had little effect on the expression of Chl synthesis related proteins, and there were no significant changes in Chl content and Chl a:b ratio. However, 13 of the 15 key proteins in the process of Chl synthesis were significantly decreased under NaHCO3 stress, and the contents of Chl a and Chl b were significantly decreased (especially Chl a). Although stomatal conductance (Gs) decreased significantly under NaCl stress, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), PSII maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and electron transfer rate (ETR) did not change significantly, but under NaHCO3 stress, not only Gs decreased significantly, PSII activity and photosynthetic carbon were the same. In the photoprotective mechanism under NaCl stress, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH)-dependent cyclic electron flow (CEF) enhanced, the expression of related proteins subunit, ndhH, ndhI, ndhK, and ndhM, the key enzyme of the xanthophyll cycle, violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) were up-regulated, the ratio of (A + Z)/(V + A + Z) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) was increased. The expressions of proteins FTR and Fd-NiR were also significant up-regulated under NaCl stress, Fd-dependent ROS metabolism and nitrogen metabolism can effectively reduce the electronic pressure on Fd. Under NaHCO3 stress, the expressions of NDH-dependent CEF related proteins subunit (ndhH, ndhI, ndhK, ndhM and ndhN), VDE, ZE, FTR, Fd-NiR and Fd-GOGAT, were significant down-regulated, and ZE, CP26, ndhK, ndhM, Fd-NiR, Fd-GOGAT and FTR genes expression also significantly decreased, the photoprotective mechanism, like the xanthophyll cycle,CEF and Fd-dependent ROS metabolism and nitrogen metabolism might be damaged, resulting in the inhibition of PSII electron transfer and carbon assimilation in mulberry leaves under NaHCO3 stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Huihui
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wang Yue
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Xin
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - He Guoqiang
- Mudanjang Tobacco Science Research Institute, Mudanjang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Che Yanhui
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Teng Zhiyuan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shao Jieyu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xu Nan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Natural Resources and Ecology Institute, Heilongjiang Sciences Academy, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Sun Guangyu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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11
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Ahkami AH, Wang W, Wietsma TW, Winkler T, Lange I, Jansson C, Lange BM, McDowell NG. Metabolic shifts associated with drought-induced senescence in Brachypodium. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 289:110278. [PMID: 31623774 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic underpinnings of plant survival under severe drought-induced senescence conditions are poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the morphological, physiological and metabolic responses to sustained water deficit in Brachypodium distachyon, a model organism for research on temperate grasses. Relative to control plants, fresh biomass, leaf water potential, and chlorophyll levels decreased rapidly in plants grown under drought conditions, demonstrating an early onset of senescence. The leaf C/N ratio and protein content showed an increase in plants subjected to drought stress. The concentrations of several small molecule carbohydrates and amino acid-derived metabolites previously implicated in osmotic protection increased rapidly in plants experiencing water deficit. Malic acid, a low molecular weight organic acid with demonstrated roles in stomatal closure, also increased rapidly as a response to drought treatment. The concentrations of prenyl lipids, such as phytol and α-tocopherol, increased early during the drought treatment but then dropped dramatically. Surprisingly, continued changes in the quantities of metabolites were observed, even in samples harvested from visibly senesced plants. The data presented here provide insights into the processes underlying persistent metabolic activity during sustained water deficit and can aid in identifying mechanisms of drought tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir H Ahkami
- The Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, USA.
| | - Wenzhi Wang
- Earth Systems Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, USA
| | - Thomas W Wietsma
- The Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, USA
| | - Tanya Winkler
- The Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, USA
| | - Iris Lange
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and M.J. Murdock Metabolomics Laboratory, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Christer Jansson
- The Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, USA
| | - B Markus Lange
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and M.J. Murdock Metabolomics Laboratory, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Nate G McDowell
- Earth Systems Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, USA.
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12
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Cai K, Gao H, Wu X, Zhang S, Han Z, Chen X, Zhang G, Zeng F. The Ability to Regulate Transmembrane Potassium Transport in Root Is Critical for Drought Tolerance in Barley. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4111. [PMID: 31443572 PMCID: PMC6747136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the effect of drought on K+ uptake in root and its translocation from root to shoot was investigated using six barley genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance. Results showed that drought conditions caused significant changes in K+ uptake and translocation in a time- and genotype-specific manner, which consequently resulted in a significant difference in tissue K+ contents and drought tolerance levels between the contrasting barley genotypes. The role of K+ transporters and channels and plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase in barley's adaptive response to drought stress was further investigated at the transcript level. The expression of genes conferring K+ uptake (HvHAK1, HvHAK5, HvKUP1, HvKUP2 and HvAKT1) and xylem loading (HvSKOR) in roots were all affected by drought stress in a time- and genotype-specific manner, indicating that the regulation of these K+ transporters and channels is critical for root K+ uptake and root to shoot K+ translocation in barley under drought stress. Furthermore, the barley genotypes showed a strong correlation between H+ efflux and K+ influx under drought stress, which was further confirmed by the significant up-regulation of HvHA1 and HvHA2. These results suggested an important role of plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity and/or expression in regulating the activity of K+ transporters and channels under drought stress. Taken together, it may be concluded that the genotypic difference in drought stress tolerance in barley is conferred by the difference in the ability to regulate K+ transporters and channels in root epidermis and stele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangfeng Cai
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huaizhou Gao
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaojian Wu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhigang Han
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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13
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Calcium Application Enhances Drought Stress Tolerance in Sugar Beet and Promotes Plant Biomass and Beetroot Sucrose Concentration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153777. [PMID: 31382384 PMCID: PMC6696248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the potential of sugar beet to lose the final sugar yield under water limiting regime. Ample evidences have revealed the important role of mineral nutrition in increasing plant tolerance to abiotic stresses. Despite the vital role of calcium (Ca2+) in plant growth and development, as well as in stress responses as an intracellular messenger, its role in alleviating drought stress in sugar beet has been rarely addressed. Here, an attempt was undertaken to investigate whether, and to what extent, foliar application of Ca2+ confers drought stress tolerance in sugar beet plants exposed to drought stress. To achieve this goal, sugar beet plants, which were grown in a high throughput phenotyping platform, were sprayed with Ca2+ and submitted to drought stress. The results showed that foliar application of Ca2+ increased the level of magnesium and silicon in the leaves, promoted plant growth, height, and leaf coverage area as well as chlorophyll level. Ca2+, in turn, increased the carbohydrate levels in leaves under drought condition and regulated transcriptionally the genes involved in sucrose transport (BvSUC3 and BvTST3). Subsequently, Ca2+ enhanced the root biomass and simultaneously led to induction of root (BvSUC3 and BvTST1) sucrose transporters which eventually supported the loading of more sucrose into beetroot under drought stress. Metabolite analysis revealed that the beneficial effect of Ca2+ in tolerance to drought induced-oxidative stress is most likely mediated by higher glutathione pools, increased levels of free polyamine putrescine (Put), and lower levels of amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Taken together, this work demonstrates that foliar application of Ca2+ is a promising fertilization strategy to improve mineral nutrition efficiency, sugar metabolism, redox state, and thus, drought stress tolerance.
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14
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Zhang X, Wu H, Chen L, Wang N, Wei C, Wan X. Mesophyll cells' ability to maintain potassium is correlated with drought tolerance in tea (Camellia sinensis). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 136:196-203. [PMID: 30685699 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tea plant is an important economic crop and is vulnerable to drought. A good understanding of tea drought tolerance mechanisms is required for breeding robust drought tolerant tea varieties. Previous studies showed mesophyll cells' ability to maintain K+ is associated with its stress tolerance. Here, in this study, 12 tea varieties were used to investigate the role of mesophyll K+ retention ability towards tea drought stress tolerance. A strong and negative correlation (R2 = 0.8239, P < 0.001) was found between PEG (mimic drought stress)-induced K+ efflux from tea mesophyll cells and overall drought tolerance in 12 tea varieties. In agreement with this, a significantly higher retained leaf K+ content was found in drought tolerant than the sensitive tea varieties. Furthermore, exogenous applied K+ (5 mM) significantly alleviated drought-induced symptom in tea plants, further supporting our finding that mesophyll K+ retention is an important component for drought tolerance mechanisms in tea plants. Moreover, pharmacological experiments showed that the contribution of K+ outward rectifying channels and non-selective cation channels in controlling PEG-induced K+ efflux from mesophylls cells are varied between drought tolerant and sensitive tea varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Honghong Wu
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, 92521, USA; College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Linmu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Chaoling Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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15
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Transport and detoxification of metalloids in plants in relation to plant-metalloid tolerance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2019.100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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16
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Maintenance of mesophyll potassium and regulation of plasma membrane H+-ATPase are associated with physiological responses of tea plants to drought and subsequent rehydration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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17
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Ramireddy E, Hosseini SA, Eggert K, Gillandt S, Gnad H, von Wirén N, Schmülling T. Root Engineering in Barley: Increasing Cytokinin Degradation Produces a Larger Root System, Mineral Enrichment in the Shoot and Improved Drought Tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 177:1078-1095. [PMID: 29871980 PMCID: PMC6052998 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Root size and architecture are important crop plant traits, as they determine access to water and soil nutrients. The plant hormone cytokinin is a negative regulator of root growth and branching. Here, we generated transgenic barley (Hordeum vulgare) plants with an enlarged root system by enhancing cytokinin degradation in roots to explore the potential of cytokinin modulations in improving root functions. This was achieved through root-specific expression of a CYTOKININ OXIDASE/DEHYDROGENASE gene. Enhanced biomass allocation to roots did not penalize shoot growth or seed yield, indicating that these plants were not source limited. In leaves of transgenic lines, the concentrations of several macroelements and microelements were increased, particularly those with low soil mobility (phosphorus, manganese, and zinc). Importantly, seeds contained up to 44% more zinc, which is beneficial for human nutrition. Transgenic lines also demonstrated dampened stress responses to long-term drought conditions, indicating lower drought sensitivity. Taken together, this work demonstrates that root engineering of cereals is a promising strategy to improve nutrient efficiency, biofortification, and drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eswarayya Ramireddy
- Institute of Biology/Applied Genetics, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Biology Division, Tirupati-517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Seyed A Hosseini
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, D-06466 Stadt Seeland OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Kai Eggert
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, D-06466 Stadt Seeland OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Sabine Gillandt
- Institute of Biology/Applied Genetics, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Gnad
- Saaten-Union Biotec, D-06466 Stadt Seeland OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, D-06466 Stadt Seeland OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmülling
- Institute of Biology/Applied Genetics, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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18
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Li M, Li B, Guo G, Chen Y, Xie J, Lu P, Wu Q, Zhang D, Zhang H, Yang J, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Liu Z. Mapping a leaf senescence gene els1 by BSR-Seq in common wheat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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19
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Ali N, Schwarzenberg A, Yvin JC, Hosseini SA. Regulatory Role of Silicon in Mediating Differential Stress Tolerance Responses in Two Contrasting Tomato Genotypes Under Osmotic Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1475. [PMID: 30349552 PMCID: PMC6187069 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown the role of silicon (Si) in mitigating the adverse effect of drought stress in different crop species. However, data are lacking on a comparison of drought tolerant and drought sensitive crop cultivars in response to Si nutrition. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism (s) by which two contrasting tomato genotypes respond to Si nutrition under osmotic stress condition. Two tomato lines contrasting in their response to drought stress were hydroponically grown under polyethylene glycol (PEG, 6000) and two regimes of Si (0 and 1.5 mM). Metabolite profiling was performed in two lines. Growth and relevant physiological parameters, and expression levels of selected genes were also measured. Si application resulted in improved osmotic stress tolerance in both drought tolerant line LA0147 and drought sensitive line FERUM. In the drought tolerant line, Si enhanced uptake of sulfur (S) and ammonium ( NH 4 + ) which led to a significantly higher production of amino acids arginine, methionine, serine, and glycine. While in the drought sensitive line, Si significantly increased production of amino acids proline and GABA which further lowered the level of GSSG to GSH ratio and thus balanced the redox homeostasis under osmotic stress. The higher significant production of amino acids arginine, methionine, GABA, and proline enhanced production of free polyamines putrescine and spermidine and improved osmotic stress tolerance. Therefore, we conclude that Si distinctively regulated osmotic stress tolerance in two contrasting tomato genotypes by differential accumulation of relevant amino acids which eventually led to enhanced polyamine metabolism.
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20
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Hosseini SA, Maillard A, Hajirezaei MR, Ali N, Schwarzenberg A, Jamois F, Yvin JC. Induction of Barley Silicon Transporter HvLsi1 and HvLsi2, increased silicon concentration in the shoot and regulated Starch and ABA Homeostasis under Osmotic stress and Concomitant Potassium Deficiency. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1359. [PMID: 28824688 PMCID: PMC5541011 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the major stress factors reducing cereal production worldwide. There is ample evidence that the mineral nutrient status of plants plays a critical role in increasing plant tolerance to different biotic and abiotic stresses. In this regard, the important role of various nutrients e.g., potassium (K) or silicon (Si) in the mitigation of different stress factors, such as drought, heat or frost has been well documented. Si application has been reported to ameliorate plant nutrient deficiency. Here, we used K and Si either solely or in combination to investigate whether an additive positive effect on barley growth can be achieved under osmotic stress and which mechanisms contribute to a better tolerance to osmotic stress. To achieve this goal, barley plants were subjected to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced osmotic stress under low or high K supply and two Si regimes. The results showed that barley silicon transporters HvLsi1 and HvLsi2 regulate the accumulation of Si in the shoot only when plant suffered from K deficiency. Si, in turn, increased the starch level under both osmotic stress and K deficiency and modulated the glycolytic and TCA pathways. Hormone profiling revealed that the beneficial effect of Si is most likely mediated also by ABA homeostasis and active cytokinin isopentenyl adenine (iP). We conclude that Si may effectively improve stress tolerance under K deficient condition in particular when additional stress like osmotic stress interferes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed A Hosseini
- Plant Nutrition Department, Centre Mondial de I'lnnovation RoullierSaint Malo, France
| | - Anne Maillard
- Plant Nutrition Department, Centre Mondial de I'lnnovation RoullierSaint Malo, France
| | - Mohammad R Hajirezaei
- Molecular Plant Nutrition Group, Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchGatersleben, Germany
| | - Nusrat Ali
- Plant Nutrition Department, Centre Mondial de I'lnnovation RoullierSaint Malo, France
| | - Adrian Schwarzenberg
- Plant Nutrition Department, Centre Mondial de I'lnnovation RoullierSaint Malo, France
| | - Frank Jamois
- Plant Nutrition Department, Centre Mondial de I'lnnovation RoullierSaint Malo, France
| | - Jean-Claude Yvin
- Plant Nutrition Department, Centre Mondial de I'lnnovation RoullierSaint Malo, France
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