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Song L, Yu Y, Chen H, Feng Y, Chen S, Zhang H, Zhou H, Meng L, Wang Y. Response of photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant system in the leaves of safflower to NaCl and NaHCO 3. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:146. [PMID: 38764051 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03234-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Compared with NaCl, NaHCO3 caused more serious oxidative damage and photosynthesis inhibition in safflower by down-regulating the expression of related genes. Salt-alkali stress is one of the important factors that limit plant growth. NaCl and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) are neutral and alkaline salts, respectively. This study investigated the physiological characteristics and molecular responses of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) leaves treated with 200 mmol L-1 of NaCl or NaHCO3. The plants treated with NaCl treatment were less effective at inhibiting the growth of safflower, but increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in leaves. Meanwhile, safflower alleviated stress damage by increasing proline (Pro), soluble protein (SP), and soluble sugar (SS). Both fresh weight and dry weight of safflower was severely decreased when it was subjected to NaHCO3 stress, and there was a significant increase in the permeability of cell membranes and the contents of osmotic regulatory substances. An enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes identified significant enrichment of photosynthesis and pathways related to oxidative stress. Furthermore, a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) showed that the darkgreen module had the highest correlation with photosynthesis and oxidative stress traits. Large numbers of transcription factors, primarily from the MYB, GRAS, WRKY, and C2H2 families, were predicted from the genes within the darkgreen module. An analysis of physiological indicators and DEGs, it was found that under saline-alkali stress, genes related to chlorophyll synthesis enzymes were downregulated, while those related to degradation were upregulated, resulting in inhibited chlorophyll biosynthesis and decreased chlorophyll content. Additionally, NaCl and NaHCO3 stress downregulated the expression of genes related to the Calvin cycle, photosynthetic antenna proteins, and the activity of photosynthetic reaction centers to varying degrees, hindering the photosynthetic electron transfer process, suppressing photosynthesis, with NaHCO3 stress causing more pronounced adverse effects. In terms of oxidative stress, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) did not change significantly under the NaCl treatment, but the contents of hydrogen peroxide and the rate of production of superoxide anions increased significantly under NaHCO3 stress. In addition, treatment with NaCl upregulated the levels of expression of the key genes for superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, and the thioredoxin-peroxiredoxin pathway, and increased the activity of these enzymes, thus, reducing oxidative damage. Similarly, NaHCO3 stress increased the activities of SOD, CAT, and POD and the content of ascorbic acid and initiated the glutathione-S-transferase pathway to remove excess ROS but suppressed the regeneration of glutathione and the activity of peroxiredoxin. Overall, both neutral and alkaline salts inhibited the photosynthetic process of safflower, although alkaline salt caused a higher level of stress than neutral salt. Safflower alleviated the oxidative damage induced by stress by regulating its antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Song
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Henan, China
| | - Yongliang Yu
- Institute of Chinese Herbel Medicines, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongzhi Chen
- College of Bioengineering, Xinxiang Institute of Engineering, Henan, China
| | - Yuwei Feng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haijia Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Henan, China
| | - Li Meng
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Henan, China.
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Fang L, Liu T, Li M, Dong X, Han Y, Xu C, Li S, Zhang J, He X, Zhou Q, Luo D, Liu Z. MODMS: a multi-omics database for facilitating biological studies on alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhad245. [PMID: 38239810 PMCID: PMC10794946 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a globally important forage crop. It also serves as a vegetable and medicinal herb because of its excellent nutritional quality and significant economic value. Multi-omics data on alfalfa continue to accumulate owing to recent advances in high-throughput techniques, and integrating this information holds great potential for expediting genetic research and facilitating advances in alfalfa agronomic traits. Therefore, we developed a comprehensive database named MODMS (multi-omics database of M. sativa) that incorporates multiple reference genomes, annotations, comparative genomics, transcriptomes, high-quality genomic variants, proteomics, and metabolomics. This report describes our continuously evolving database, which provides researchers with several convenient tools and extensive omics data resources, facilitating the expansion of alfalfa research. Further details regarding the MODMS database are available at https://modms.lzu.edu.cn/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfa Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Mingyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - XueMing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Yuling Han
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Congzhuo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Siqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Xiaojuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
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Sarkar A, Roy S. Metabolome profile variation in Azolla filiculoides exposed to Bisphenol A assists in the identification of stress-responsive metabolites. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 266:106792. [PMID: 38086201 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
This study attempted to explore the metabolome profile of Azolla filiculoides subjected to two different concentrations of BPA (1 and 30 mg L-1) in congruence with two different durations (3 and 9 days) of treatment. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitously occurring environmental pollutant that imparts acute toxicity in aquatic plants. Therefore, studying the variations in the fern metabolome profile and identifying stress-responsive metabolites can help develop criteria for assessing the aquatic ecosystem. In recent times, metabolomics has drawn attention for its ability to detect biochemical processes and help link plant responses with environmental stresses. However, the studies concerning the metabolome profile of A. filiculoides exposed to environmental contaminants are limited. In the present study, the untargeted metabolomics study allowed the detection of a large array of metabolites, with 767 shared metabolites representing 41 crucial pathways. Exposure to 30 mg L-1 BPA seemingly disrupted the primary metabolism of the fern and induced a shift toward defense-related pathways. Additionally, BPA stress triggered the expression of metabolites like 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol, perillic acid, and perillaldehyde in BPA_L3 (1 mg L-1 for 3 days) and BPA_L9 (1 mg L-1 for 9 days) samples indicating protective mechanism of the plants. Conversely, the BPA_H3 (30 mg L-1 for 3 days) and BPA_H9 (30 mg L-1 for 9 days) samples expressed a distinct set of markers like luteolin, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, cinnamaldehyde, and l-DOPA indicating the onset of senescence and apoptosis related pathways can help in the health assessment of freshwater ecosystems and also appraisal of ecotoxicological risks imposed by BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashis Sarkar
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal 734013, India
| | - Swarnendu Roy
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal 734013, India.
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Li Y, Shi X, Chen Y, Luo S, Qin Z, Chen S, Wu Y, Yu F. Quantitative proteomic analysis of the mechanism of Cd toxicity in Enterobacter sp. FM-1: Comparison of different growth stages. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122513. [PMID: 37673320 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Enterobacter sp. are widely used in bioremediation, but the mechanism of Cadmium (Cd) toxicity in Enterobacter sp. has been poorly studied. In the present study, we determined the tolerance of Enterobacter sp. FM-1 to Cd by analyzing the physiological and biochemical responses of FM-1 induced under Cd stress. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) under exposure to different Cd environments were analyzed by 4D-label-free proteomics to provide a comprehensive understanding of Cd toxicity in FM-1. The greatest total number of DEPs, 1148, was found in the High concentration vs. Control comparison group at 10 h. When protein expression was compared after different incubation times, FM-1 showed the highest Cd tolerance at 48 h. Additionally, with an increasing incubation time, different comparison groups gradually began to show similar growth patterns, which was reflected in the GO enrichment analysis. Notably, only 815 proteins were identified in the High concentration vs. Control group, and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that these proteins were significantly enriched in the pyruvate metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, peroxisome, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and citrate cycle pathways. These results suggested that an increased incubation time allows FM-1 adapt and survive in an environment with Cd toxicity, and protein expression significantly increased in response to oxidative stress in a Cd-contaminated environment during the pre-growth period. This study provides new perspectives on bacterial participation in bioremediation and expands our understanding of the mechanism of bacterial resistance under Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Xinwei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Yuyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Shiyu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Zhongkai Qin
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Shuairen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Yamei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Fangming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China.
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Wang Z, Wang W, Wu W, Wang H, Zhang S, Ye C, Guo L, Wei Z, Huang H, Liu Y, Zhu S, Zhu Y, Wang Y, He X. Integrated analysis of transcriptome, metabolome, and histochemistry reveals the response mechanisms of different ages Panax notoginseng to root-knot nematode infection. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1258316. [PMID: 37780502 PMCID: PMC10539906 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1258316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) is an invaluable perennial medicinal herb. However, the roots of P. notoginseng are frequently subjected to severe damage caused by root-knot nematode (RKN) infestation. Although we have observed that P. notoginseng possessed adult-plant resistance (APR) against RKN disease, the defense response mechanisms against RKN disease in different age groups of P. notoginseng remain unexplored. We aimed to elucidate the response mechanisms of P. notoginseng at different stages of development to RKN infection by employing transcriptome, metabolome, and histochemistry analyses. Our findings indicated that distinct age groups of P. notoginseng may activate the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways in varying ways, leading to the synthesis of phenolics, flavonoids, lignin, and anthocyanin pigments as both the response and defense mechanism against RKN attacks. Specifically, one-year-old P. notoginseng exhibited resistance to RKN through the upregulation of 5-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid and key genes involved in monolignol biosynthesis, such as PAL, CCR, CYP73A, CYP98A, POD, and CAD. Moreover, two-year-old P. notoginseng enhanced the resistance by depleting chlorogenic acid and downregulating most genes associated with monolignol biosynthesis, while concurrently increasing cyanidin and ANR in flavonoid biosynthesis. Three-year-old P. notoginseng reinforced its resistance by significantly increasing five phenolic acids related to monolignol biosynthesis, namely p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, 1-O-sinapoyl-D-glucose, coniferyl alcohol, and ferulic acid. Notably, P. notoginseng can establish a lignin barrier that restricted RKN to the infection site. In summary, P. notoginseng exhibited a potential ability to impede the further propagation of RKN through the accumulation or depletion of the compounds relevant to resistance within the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways, as well as the induction of lignification in tissue cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Academy of Science and Technology, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong, Yunnan, China
| | - Wentao Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Huiling Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chen Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Liwei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongping Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shusheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Youyong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiahong He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- School of Landscape and Horticulture, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Wang X, Hu Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Gao S, Zhang T, Guo J, Shi L. Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic strategies to reveal alkali-resistance mechanisms in wild soybean during post-germination growth stage. PLANTA 2023; 257:95. [PMID: 37036535 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The keys to alkali-stress resistance of barren-tolerant wild soybean lay in enhanced reutilization of reserves in cotyledons as well as improved antioxidant protection and organic acid accumulation in young roots. Soil alkalization of farmlands is increasingly serious, adversely restricting crop growth and endangering food security. Here, based on integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics, we systematically investigated changes in cotyledon weight and young root growth in response to alkali stress in two ecotypes of wild soybean after germination to reveal alkali-resistance mechanisms in barren-tolerant wild soybean. Compared with barren-tolerant wild soybean, the dry weight of common wild soybean cotyledons under alkali stress decreased slowly and the length of young roots shortened. In barren-tolerant wild soybean, nitrogen-transport amino acids asparagine and glutamate decreased in cotyledons but increased in young roots, and nitrogen-compound transporter genes and genes involved in asparagine metabolism were significantly up-regulated in both cotyledons and young roots. Moreover, isocitric, succinic, and L-malic acids involved in the glyoxylate cycle significantly accumulated and the malate synthetase gene was up-regulated in barren-tolerant wild soybean cotyledons. In barren-tolerant wild soybean young roots, glutamate and glycine related to glutathione metabolism increased significantly and the glutathione reductase gene was up-regulated. Pyruvic acid and citric acid involved in pyruvate-citrate metabolism increased distinctly and genes encoding pyruvate decarboxylase and citrate synthetase were up-regulated. Integrated analysis showed that the keys to alkali-stress resistance of barren-tolerant wild soybean lay in enhanced protein decomposition, amino acid transport, and lipolysis in cotyledons as well as improved antioxidant protection and organic acid accumulation in young roots. This study provides new ideas for the exploitation and utilization of wild soybean resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Wang
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yunan Hu
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yida Wang
- College of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Shujuan Gao
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jixun Guo
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Lianxuan Shi
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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Hou R, Yang L, Wuyun T, Chen S, Zhang L. Genes related to osmoregulation and antioxidation play important roles in the response of Trollius chinensis seedlings to saline-alkali stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1080504. [PMID: 36778702 PMCID: PMC9911134 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1080504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Saline-alkali stress is one of the main abiotic stress factors affecting plant growth and development. Trollius chinensis is a perennial herbal medicinal plant with high values for garden application. However, its response and tolerance to saline-alkali stress is unclear. In this study, we mixed four salts (NaCl: Na2SO4: NaHCO3: Na2CO3) with a concentration ratio of 1:9:9:1, and applied low (40 and 80 mM) and high (120 and 160 mM) saline-alkali stress to analyze osmotic regulation substances, antioxidant systems and the gene expression of T. chinensis. Along with higher saline-alkali stress, the leaf relative water content (RWC) started to decrease only from high stress, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves decreased continuously, and the contents of proline (Pro), soluble sugar (SS) and soluble protein (SP) increased compared with control. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and the contents of non-enzymatic antioxidants were increased positively with the accumulation of superoxide anion (O2 •-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). For instance, the ascorbic acid-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle was enhanced in T. chinensis seedling leaves subject to saline-alkali stress. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicates that MDA, Pro, SS, SP, H2O2, O2 •-, and GSH are important indexes to evaluate the response and tolerance of T. chinensis to saline-alkali stress. Through RNA-Seq, a total of 474 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in plant under low saline-alkaline stress (40 mM, MSA1) vs. control. Among them, 364 genes were up-regulated and 110 genes were down-regulated. DEGs were extensively enriched in carbohydrate transport, transferase activity, zeatin biosynthesis, ABC transporters, and spliceosome. The transcription factor family MYB, BZIP, WRKY, and NAC were related to its saline-alkali tolerance. In addition, some DEGs encode key enzymes in the processes of osmoregulation and antioxidation, including betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH), inositol monophosphatase (IMP), chloroperoxidase (CPO), thioredoxin (Trx), and germin-like protein (GLPs) were found. Overall, these findings provide new insights into the physiological changes and molecular mechanism of T. chinensis to saline-alkali stress and lay a foundation for application of T. chinensis in saline-alkali environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongmiao Hou
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Lizhi Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Tana Wuyun
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Shiyao Chen
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
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Wang XL, Peng L, Wang J, Liu JL, Jia JJ, Tang LP. Transcriptome analyses reveal the effects of mixed saline-alkali stress on indoleacetic acid and cytokinins in Malus hupehensis Rehd. leaves. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:11-22. [PMID: 36733836 PMCID: PMC9886786 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01275-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Saline-alkali stress is a universal abiotic stress factor limiting fruit tree cultivation worldwide. Apple (Malus×domestica Borkh.) is one of the fruits with the largest yields worldwide. Tea crabapple (Malus hupehensis Rehd. var. pingyiensis Jiang) is a type of common apple rootstock in China. Because facultative apomixis occurs in this species, it is often used in molecular research. The present study investigated the molecular mechanism of the response of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins [zeatin, trans-zeatin riboside (tZR), isopentenyladenine (iP), and isopentenyladenosine (iPA)] to mixed saline-alkali stress (MSAS) in tea crabapple leaves. The endogenous hormone content of tea crabapple leaves under MSAS was measured, and the expression of stress response-related genes was analyzed by RNA sequencing. The results showed that the concentration of IAA was initially higher and then lower than that in the control, whereas the concentration of zeatin, tZR, iP, and iPA was higher than that in the control. A total of 1262 differentially expressed genes were identified in the three comparison groups. Further analyses suggested that IAA and cytokinin biosynthetic genes were mostly upregulated in tea crabapple leaves, indicating that auxin and cytokinin signaling pathway regulation occurred in response to MSAS. These findings suggest that IAA and cytokinins play an important role in the response of tea crabapple to MSAS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01275-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Liang Wang
- Editorial Department of Journal of Binzhou University, Binzhou University, 391 Huanghe 5th Road, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, 391 Huanghe 5th Road, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Binzhou University, 391 Huanghe 5th Road, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Peng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, 391 Huanghe 5th Road, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Editorial Department of Journal of Binzhou University, Binzhou University, 391 Huanghe 5th Road, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Lei Liu
- Editorial Department of Journal of Binzhou University, Binzhou University, 391 Huanghe 5th Road, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Jia
- Editorial Department of Journal of Binzhou University, Binzhou University, 391 Huanghe 5th Road, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Ping Tang
- Editorial Department of Journal of Binzhou University, Binzhou University, 391 Huanghe 5th Road, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
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The Role of Taraxacum mongolicum in a Puccinellia tenuiflora Community under Saline-Alkali Stress. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248746. [PMID: 36557878 PMCID: PMC9783931 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Coexisting salt and alkaline stresses seriously threaten plant survival. Most studies have focused on halophytes; however, knowledge on how plants defend against saline-alkali stress is limited. This study investigated the role of Taraxacum mongolicum in a Puccinellia tenuiflora community under environmental saline-alkali stress to analyse the response of elements and metabolites in T. mongolicum, using P. tenuiflora as a control. The results show that the macroelements Ca and Mg are significantly accumulated in the aboveground parts (particularly in the stem) of T. mongolicum. Microelements B and Mo are also accumulated in T. mongolicum. Microelement B can adjust the transformation of sugars, and Mo contributes to the improvement in nitrogen metabolism. Furthermore, the metabolomic results demonstrate that T. mongolicum leads to decreased sugar accumulation and increased amounts of amino acids and organic acids to help plants resist saline-alkali stress. The resource allocation of carbon (sugar) and nitrogen (amino acids) results in the accumulation of only a few phenolic metabolites (i.e., petunidin, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside) in T. mongolicum. These phenolic metabolites help to scavenge excess reactive oxygen species. Our study primarily helps in understanding the contribution of T. mongolicum in P. tenuiflora communities on coping with saline-alkali stress.
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Phour M, Sindhu SS. Mitigating abiotic stress: microbiome engineering for improving agricultural production and environmental sustainability. PLANTA 2022; 256:85. [PMID: 36125564 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03997-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The responses of plants to different abiotic stresses and mechanisms involved in their mitigation are discussed. Production of osmoprotectants, antioxidants, enzymes and other metabolites by beneficial microorganisms and their bioengineering ameliorates environmental stresses to improve food production. Progressive intensification of global agriculture, injudicious use of agrochemicals and change in climate conditions have deteriorated soil health, diminished the microbial biodiversity and resulted in environment pollution along with increase in biotic and abiotic stresses. Extreme weather conditions and erratic rains have further imposed additional stress for the growth and development of plants. Dominant abiotic stresses comprise drought, temperature, increased salinity, acidity, metal toxicity and nutrient starvation in soil, which severely limit crop production. For promoting sustainable crop production in environmentally challenging environments, use of beneficial microbes has emerged as a safer and sustainable means for mitigation of abiotic stresses resulting in improved crop productivity. These stress-tolerant microorganisms play an effective role against abiotic stresses by enhancing the antioxidant potential, improving nutrient acquisition, regulating the production of plant hormones, ACC deaminase, siderophore and exopolysaccharides and accumulating osmoprotectants and, thus, stimulating plant biomass and crop yield. In addition, bioengineering of beneficial microorganisms provides an innovative approach to enhance stress tolerance in plants. The use of genetically engineered stress-tolerant microbes as inoculants of crop plants may facilitate their use for enhanced nutrient cycling along with amelioration of abiotic stresses to improve food production for the ever-increasing population. In this chapter, an overview is provided about the current understanding of plant-bacterial interactions that help in alleviating abiotic stress in different crop systems in the face of climate change. This review largely focuses on the importance and need of sustainable and environmentally friendly approaches using beneficial microbes for ameliorating the environmental stresses in our agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Phour
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Satyavir S Sindhu
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India.
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11
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Jin F, Hu Q, Zhao Y, Lin X, Zhang J, Zhang J. Enhancing quinoa growth under severe saline-alkali stress by phosphate solubilizing microorganism Penicillium funicuiosum P1. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273459. [PMID: 36067185 PMCID: PMC9447905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoting the growth of plants and improving plant stress-resistance by plant growth-promoting microorganism increasingly become a hotpot. While, most researchers focus on their supply role of nutrition or plant hormone. In this study, a novel mechanism that phosphate solubilizing microorganisms promoted plant growth under saline-alkali stress through secretion of organic acids, was proposed. The effects of desulfurization gypsum, humic acid, organic fertilizer and phosphate-solubilizing microorganism Penicillium funicuiosum P1 (KX400570) on the growth of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa cv. Longli 1), showed that the survival rate, stem length and dry weight of quinoa treated with P1 were 2.5, 1.5, 1 and 1.5 times higher than those of sterile water (CK) under severe saline-alkali stress. The growth-promoting effect of P1 on quinoa was much better than that of other treatment groups. In addition, P1 promoted the growth of quinoa because the organic acids (malic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, etc.) from P1 stimulated the antioxidant system and promote the photosynthesis of quinoa, further promote quinoa growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qilin Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yingxu Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiejing Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- * E-mail:
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12
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Shi H, Sun G, Gou L, Guo Z. Rhizobia–Legume Symbiosis Increases Aluminum Resistance in Alfalfa. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11101275. [PMID: 35631700 PMCID: PMC9145821 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alfalfa is the most important forage legume with symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodule in roots, but it is sensitive to aluminum (Al), which limits its plantation in acidic soils. One rhizobia clone of Sinorhizobium meliloti with Al tolerance (AT1) was isolated from the nodule in AlCl3-treated alfalfa roots. AT1 showed a higher growth rate than the standard rhizobia strain Sm1021 under Al-stressed conditions. Alfalfa growth was improved by inoculation with AT1 under Al-stressed conditions, with increased length and fresh weight in shoots and roots. High nitrogenase activity and pink effective nodules were obtained in AT1-inoculated plant roots under Al stress, with increased total nitrogen compared with the non-inoculated control. The application of exogenous NH4+-nitrogen increased the Al resistance in alfalfa. It is suggested that rhizobia’s increase of the Al resistance in alfalfa is associated with its improved nitrogen status. Inoculation with Al-tolerant rhizobia is worth testing in an acidic field for improved alfalfa productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifan Shi
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.S.); (G.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Guoli Sun
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.S.); (G.S.); (L.G.)
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng 224002, China
| | - Lanming Gou
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.S.); (G.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Zhenfei Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.S.); (G.S.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Ondrasek G, Rathod S, Manohara KK, Gireesh C, Anantha MS, Sakhare AS, Parmar B, Yadav BK, Bandumula N, Raihan F, Zielińska-Chmielewska A, Meriño-Gergichevich C, Reyes-Díaz M, Khan A, Panfilova O, Seguel Fuentealba A, Romero SM, Nabil B, Wan C(C, Shepherd J, Horvatinec J. Salt Stress in Plants and Mitigation Approaches. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11060717. [PMID: 35336599 PMCID: PMC8950276 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Salinization of soils and freshwater resources by natural processes and/or human activities has become an increasing issue that affects environmental services and socioeconomic relations. In addition, salinization jeopardizes agroecosystems, inducing salt stress in most cultivated plants (nutrient deficiency, pH and oxidative stress, biomass reduction), and directly affects the quality and quantity of food production. Depending on the type of salt/stress (alkaline or pH-neutral), specific approaches and solutions should be applied to ameliorate the situation on-site. Various agro-hydrotechnical (soil and water conservation, reduced tillage, mulching, rainwater harvesting, irrigation and drainage, control of seawater intrusion), biological (agroforestry, multi-cropping, cultivation of salt-resistant species, bacterial inoculation, promotion of mycorrhiza, grafting with salt-resistant rootstocks), chemical (application of organic and mineral amendments, phytohormones), bio-ecological (breeding, desalination, application of nano-based products, seed biopriming), and/or institutional solutions (salinity monitoring, integrated national and regional strategies) are very effective against salinity/salt stress and numerous other constraints. Advances in computer science (artificial intelligence, machine learning) provide rapid predictions of salinization processes from the field to the global scale, under numerous scenarios, including climate change. Thus, these results represent a comprehensive outcome and tool for a multidisciplinary approach to protect and control salinization, minimizing damages caused by salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrijel Ondrasek
- Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska c. 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (J.S.); (J.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Santosha Rathod
- ICAR—Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.R.); (C.G.); (M.S.A.); (A.S.S.); (B.P.); (N.B.)
| | | | - Channappa Gireesh
- ICAR—Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.R.); (C.G.); (M.S.A.); (A.S.S.); (B.P.); (N.B.)
| | | | - Akshay Sureshrao Sakhare
- ICAR—Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.R.); (C.G.); (M.S.A.); (A.S.S.); (B.P.); (N.B.)
| | - Brajendra Parmar
- ICAR—Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.R.); (C.G.); (M.S.A.); (A.S.S.); (B.P.); (N.B.)
| | | | - Nirmala Bandumula
- ICAR—Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.R.); (C.G.); (M.S.A.); (A.S.S.); (B.P.); (N.B.)
| | - Farzana Raihan
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh;
| | - Anna Zielińska-Chmielewska
- Department of Business Activity and Economic Policy, Institute of Economics, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Al. Niepodległości 10, 61-875 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Cristian Meriño-Gergichevich
- Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Marjorie Reyes-Díaz
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Amanullah Khan
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan;
| | - Olga Panfilova
- Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK), 302530 Zhilina, Orel District, Orel Region, Russia;
| | - Alex Seguel Fuentealba
- Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | | | - Beithou Nabil
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan;
| | - Chunpeng (Craig) Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
| | - Jonti Shepherd
- Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska c. 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (J.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Jelena Horvatinec
- Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska c. 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (J.S.); (J.H.)
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Yuan Y, Song T, Yu J, Zhang W, Hou X, Kong Ling Z, Cui G. Genome-Wide Investigation of the Cysteine Synthase Gene Family Shows That Overexpression of CSase Confers Alkali Tolerance to Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:792862. [PMID: 35058952 PMCID: PMC8765340 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.792862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Alfalfa is widely grown worldwide as a perennial high-quality legume forage and as a good ecological landcover. The cysteine synthase (CSase) gene family is actively involved in plant growth and development and abiotic stress resistance but has not been systematically investigated in alfalfa. We identified 39 MsCSase genes on 4 chromosomes of the alfalfa genome. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that these genes were clustered into six subfamilies, and members of the same subfamily had similar physicochemical properties and sequence structures. Overexpression of the CSase gene in alfalfa increased alkali tolerance. Compared with control plants, the overexpression lines presented higher proline, soluble sugars, and cysteine and reduced glutathione contents and superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities as well as lower hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion contents after alkali stress. The relative expression of γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase gene (a downstream gene of CSase) in the overexpression lines was much higher than that in the control line. The CSase gene enhanced alkalinity tolerance by regulating osmoregulatory substances and improving antioxidant capacity. These results provide a reference for studying the CSase gene family in alfalfa and expanding the alkali tolerance gene resources of forage plants.
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15
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Lei S, Yu G, Rossi S, Yu J, Huang B. LpNOL-knockdown suppression of heat-induced leaf senescence in perennial ryegrass involving regulation of amino acid and organic acid metabolism. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:1979-1991. [PMID: 34455589 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The nonyellow COLORING 1-like gene (NOL) is known for its roles in accelerating leaf senescence, but the underlying metabolic mechanisms for heat-induced leaf senescence remain unclear. The objectives of this study were to identify metabolites and associated metabolic pathways regulated by knockdown of NOL in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and to determine the metabolic mechanisms of NOL controlling heat-induced leaf senescence. Wild-type (WT; cv. "Pinnacle") and two lines (Noli-1 and Noli-2) of perennial ryegrass with LpNOL knockdown were exposed to heat stress at 35/33°C (day/night) or nonstress control temperatures at 25/22°C (day/night) for 30 days in growth chambers. Leaf electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll (Chl) content, photochemical efficiency (Fv /Fm ), and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) were measured as physiological indicators of leaf senescence, while gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to identify metabolites regulated by LpNOL. Knockdown of LpNOL suppressed heat-induced leaf senescence and produced a stay-green phenotype in perennial ryegrass, as manifested by increased Chl content, photochemical efficiency, net photosynthetic rate, and cell membrane stability in Noli-1 and Noli-2. Five metabolites (valine, malic acid, threonic acid, shikimic acid, chlorogenic acid) were uniquely upregulated in LpNOL plants exposed to heat stress, and six metabolites (aspartic acid, glutamic acid, 5-oxoproline, phenylalanine, proline, tartaric acid) exhibited more pronounced increases in their content in LpNOL plants than the WT. LpNOL could regulate heat-induced leaf senescence in perennial ryegrass through metabolic reprogramming in the pathways of respiration, secondary metabolism, antioxidant metabolism, and protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Lei
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Guohui Yu
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Stephanie Rossi
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jinjing Yu
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingru Huang
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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16
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Wang Y, Wang J, Guo D, Zhang H, Che Y, Li Y, Tian B, Wang Z, Sun G, Zhang H. Physiological and comparative transcriptome analysis of leaf response and physiological adaption to saline alkali stress across pH values in alfalfa (Medicago sativa). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:140-152. [PMID: 34352517 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is a critical factor limiting growth and causing physiological dysfunction in plants. The damage from alkaline salt in most plants is significantly greater than that from neutral salt. However, there is still a lack of research on the action mechanism by which saline alkali stress on plants under the same salt concentration across different pH values. The present study examined the effects of different pH values (7.0, 8.0, 9.0, and 10.0) under the same salt concentration (200 mmolL-1) on photosynthetic function, photoprotective mechanism, nitrogen metabolism, and osmotic regulation in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) leaves, including a transcriptomic analysis of changes in gene expression related to the above metabolic processes. The results showed that low pH saline alkali stress (pH 7.0 and 8.0) promoted chlorophyll synthesis in alfalfa leaves, and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and cyclic electron transfer (CEF) were promoted. There was no significant effect on plant growth or photochemical activity. The soluble sugar, proline, and soluble protein contents did not change significantly, and there was no obvious oxidative damage in alfalfa leaves. However, when pH increased to 9.0 and 10.0, KEGG enrichment analysis showed that photosynthesis (map00195) and nitrogen metabolism (map00910) were significantly enriched (P < 0.05), and PSII antenna protein coding genes were down-regulated under pH 9.0 and 10.0 treatments. The activities of PSII and PSI were decreased under high pH saline alkali stress, and the expression levels of the photosynthetic electron transporter-related genes PetA, PetB, petE, and petF were also significantly down-regulated. PSII was more sensitive to high pH saline alkali stress than PSI, and the PSII receptor side was more sensitive to high pH saline alkali stress than the PSII donor side. The activities of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) and PSI were significantly damaged only at pH 10.0. The activities of nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR), the expression levels of their genes, and the content of soluble protein were also decreased under pH 9.0 and 10.0 treatments. The inhibition of plant growth and oxidative damage to alfalfa leaves caused by high pH saline alkali stress were mainly related to the inhibition of photosynthesis (light energy absorption, electron transfer) and nitrogen metabolism (NO3- reduction). Under high pH saline alkali stress (pH 10.0), the photoprotection mechanisms such as CEF and NPQ were inhibited, which was also one of the important reasons for photoinhibition in alfalfa leaves. The accumulation of osmotic adjustment substances, such as soluble sugar and proline, was an important mechanism by which alfalfa physiologically adapted to high pH alkaline salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiechen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dandan Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanhui Che
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bei Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guangyu Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Wang X, Chen J, Ni H, Mustafa G, Yang Y, Wang Q, Fu H, Zhang L, Yang B. Use Chou's 5-steps rule to identify protein post-translational modification and its linkage to secondary metabolism during the floral development of Lonicera japonica Thunb. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:1035-1048. [PMID: 34600181 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lonicera japonica Thunb. is widely used in traditional medicine systems of East Asian and attracts a large amount of studies on the biosynthesis of its active components. Currently, there is little understanding regarding the regulatory mechanisms behind the accumulation of secondary metabolites during its developmental stages. In this study, published transcriptomic and proteomic data were mined to evaluate potential linkage between protein modification and secondary metabolism during the floral development. Stronger correlations were observed between differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their corresponding differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in the comparison of juvenile bud stage (JBS)/third green stage (TGS) vs. silver flowering stage (SFS). Seventy-five and 76 cor-rDEGs and cor-rDAPs (CDDs) showed opposite trends at both transcriptional and translational levels when comparing their levels at JBS and TGS relative to those at SFS. CDDs were mainly involved in elements belonging to the protein metabolism and the TCA cycle. Protein-protein interaction analysis indicated that the interacting proteins in the major cluster were primarily involved in TCA cycle and protein metabolism. In the simple phenylpropanoids biosynthetic pathway of SFS, both phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxyheptonate aldolase (PDA) and glutamate/aspartate-prephenate aminotransferase (AAT) were decreased at the protein level, but increased at the gene level. A confirmatory experiment indicated that protein ubiquitination and succinylation were more prominent during the early floral developmental stages, in correlation with simple phenylpropanoids accumulation. Taken together, those data indicates that phenylpropanoids metabolism and floral development are putatively regulated through the ubiquitination and succinylation modifications of PDA, AAT, and TCA cycle proteins in L. japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Haofu Ni
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Ghazala Mustafa
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Yuling Yang
- Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenshan, 663000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Hongwei Fu
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Bingxian Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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Shi C, Yang F, Liu Z, Li Y, Di X, Wang J, Lin J. Uniform Water Potential Induced by Salt, Alkali, and Drought Stresses Has Different Impacts on the Seedling of Hordeum jubatum: From Growth, Photosynthesis, and Chlorophyll Fluorescence. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:733236. [PMID: 34659299 PMCID: PMC8514703 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.733236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hordeum jubatum is a halophyte ornamental plant wildly distributed in the Northeast of China, where the low water potential induced by various abiotic stresses is a major factor limiting plant growth and development. However, little is known about the comparative effects of salt, alkali, and drought stresses at uniform water potential on the plants. In the present study, the growth, gas exchange parameters, photosynthetic pigments, and chlorophyll fluorescence in the seedlings of H. jubatum under three low water potentials were measured. The results showed that the growth and photosynthetic parameters under these stresses were all decreased except for carotenoid (Car) with the increasing of stress concentration, and alkali stress caused the most damaging effects on the seedlings. The decreased net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), and intercellular CO2 concentrations (Ci) values under salt stress were mainly attributed to stomatal factors, while non-stomatal factors were dominate under drought and alkali stresses. The reduced chlorophyll and slightly increased Car contents occurred under these stresses, and most significant changed under alkali stress. In addition, the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII), and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) under the stresses were all decreased, indicating that salt, alkali, and drought stresses all increased susceptibility of PSII to photoinhibition, reduced the photosynthetic activity by the declined absorption of light for photochemistry, and increased PSII active reaction centers. Moreover, the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) of alkali stress was different from salt and drought stresses, showing that the high pH of alkali stress caused more damaging effects on the photoprotection mechanism depending on the xanthophyll cycle. The above results suggest that the H. jubatum has stronger tolerance of salt than drought and alkali stresses, and the negative effects of alkali stress on the growth and photosynthetic performance of this species was most serious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Shi
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zihao Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yueming Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaolin Di
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinghong Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Jixiang Lin
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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19
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Sun J, Li S, Guo H, Hou Z. Ion homeostasis and Na+ transport-related gene expression in two cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties under saline, alkaline and saline-alkaline stresses. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256000. [PMID: 34375358 PMCID: PMC8354432 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The sensitivity of cotton to salt stress depends on the genotypes and salt types. Understanding the mechanism of ion homeostasis under different salt stresses is necessary to improve cotton performance under saline conditions. A pot experiment using three salt stresses saline stress (NaCl+Na2SO4), alkaline stress (Na2CO3+NaHCO3), and saline-alkaline stress (NaCl+Na2SO4+Na2CO3+NaHCO3) and two cotton varieties (salt-tolerant variety L24 and salt-sensitive variety G1) was conducted. The growth, ion concentrations, and Na+ transport-related gene expression in the cotton varieties were determined. The inhibitory effects of saline-alkaline stress on cotton growth were greater than that of either saline stress or alkaline stress alone. The root/shoot ratio under alkaline stress was significantly lower than that under saline stress. The salt-tolerant cotton variety had lower Na and higher K concentrations in the leaves, stems and roots than the salt-sensitive variety under different salt stresses. For the salt-sensitive cotton variety, saline stress significantly inhibited the absorption of P and the transport of P, K, and Mg, while alkaline stress and saline-alkaline stress significantly inhibited the uptake and transport of P, K, Ca, Mg, and Zn. Most of the elements in the salt-tolerant variety accumulated in the leaves and stems under different salt stresses. This indicated that the salt-tolerant variety had a stronger ion transport capacity than the salt-sensitive variety under saline conditions. Under alkaline stress and salt-alkaline stress, the relative expression levels of the genes GhSOS1, GhNHX1 and GhAKT1 in the salt-tolerant variety were significantly higher than that in the salt-sensitive variety. These results suggest that this salt-tolerant variety of cotton has an internal mechanism to maintain ionic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Sun
- Department of Resources and Environmental Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangnan Li
- Department of Resources and Environmental Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Guo
- Department of Resources and Environmental Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenan Hou
- Department of Resources and Environmental Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
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Cotton transcriptome analysis reveals novel biological pathways that eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3) alkaline stress. Genomics 2021; 113:1157-1169. [PMID: 33689783 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline stress is one of the abiotic stresses limiting cotton production. Though RNA-Seq analyses, have been conducted to investigate genome-wide gene expression in response to alkaline stress in plants, the response of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) stress-related genes in cotton has not been reported. To explore the mechanisms of cotton response to this alkaline stress, we used next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to study transcriptional changes of cotton under NaHCO3 alkaline stress. A total of 18,230 and 11,177 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in cotton roots and leaves, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated the enrichment of DEGs involved in various stimuli or stress responses. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that DEGs associated with plant hormone signal transduction, amino acid biosynthesis, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites were regulated in response to the NaHCO3 stress. We further analyzed genes enriched in secondary metabolic pathways and found that secondary metabolites were regulated to eliminate the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improve the cotton tolerance to the NaHCO3 stress. In this study, we learned that the toxic effect of NaHCO3 was more profound than that of NaOH at the same pH. Thus, Na+, HCO3- and pH had a great impact on the growth of cotton plant. The novel biological pathways and candidate genes for the cotton tolerance to NaHCO3 stress identified from the study would be useful in the genetic improvement of the alkaline tolerance in cotton.
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21
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Chen J, Li X, Ye X, Guo P, Hu Z, Qi G, Cui F, Liu S. An S-ribonuclease binding protein EBS1 and brassinolide signaling are specifically required for Arabidopsis tolerance to bicarbonate. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:1449-1459. [PMID: 33165537 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) present in soils is usually considered to be a mixed stress for plants, with salts and high pH. NaHCO3-specific signaling in plants has rarely been reported. In this study, transcriptome analyses were conducted in order to identify NaHCO3-specific signaling in Arabidopsis. Weighted correlation network analysis was performed to isolate NaHCO3-specific modules in comparison with acetate treatment. The genes in the NaHCO3-root-specific module, which exhibited opposite expression to that in sodium acetate treatments, were further examined with their corresponding knock-out mutants. The gene Exclusively Bicarbonate Sensitive 1 (EBS1) encoding an S-ribonuclease binding protein, was identified to be specifically involved in plant tolerance to NaHCO3, but not to the other two alkaline salts, acetate and phosphate. We also identified the genes that are commonly regulated by bicarbonate, acetate and phosphate. Multiple brassinosteroid-associated gene ontology terms were enriched in these genes. Genetic assays showed that brassinosteroid signaling positively regulated plant tolerance to NaHCO3 stress, but negatively regulated tolerance to acetate and phosphate. Overall, our data identified bicarbonate-specific genes, and confirmed that alkaline stress is mainly dependent on the specificities of the weak acid ions, rather than high pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jipeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxue Ye
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore
| | - Peng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhubing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Institute of Plant Stress Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guoning Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fuqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Song T, Sun N, Dong L, Cai H. Enhanced alkali tolerance of rhizobia-inoculated alfalfa correlates with altered proteins and metabolic processes as well as decreased oxidative damage. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 159:301-311. [PMID: 33418189 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Alkaline salt is one of the most devastating environmental factors limiting alfalfa productivity, however, the mechanisms underlying adaptation of alfalfa to alkaline remain unclear. Our aim is to investigate proteomic and metabolomic differences in growth and root of alfalfa under alkaline salt in Rhizobium-alfalfa symbiotic relationships. METHODS Rhizobium-inoculated and non-inoculated alfalfa plants were treated with 200 mmol/L NaHCO3 to investigate physiological, metabolic, and proteomic responses of root-nodule symbiosis under alkaline-induced stress, using an integrated approach combining metabolome and proteome analysis with measurements of physiological parameters. RESULTS The improved tolerance to alkalinity was observed in RI-plants compared with NI-plants. RI-plants accumulated more proline and MDH, and had higher antioxidant activity and relatively high RWC but low MDA content and low Na+/K+ ratio. The stress-related genes (P5CS, GST13, H+-Ppase, NADP-Me, SDH, and CS) were actively upregulated in RI plants under alkaline stress. In RI-plants, damage caused by alkaline stress was mainly alleviated by decreasing oxidative damage, enhancing the organic acid and amino acid metabolic processes, and scavenging harmful ROS by activating the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway. CONCLUSIONS We revealed distinct proteins and metabolites related to alkali tolerance in RI-plants compared to NI-plants. Alkali tolerance of rhizobia-inoculated alfalfa was enhanced by altered proteins and metabolic processes as well as decreased oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Song
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Na Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Li Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hua Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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23
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Ondrasek G, Rengel Z. Environmental salinization processes: Detection, implications & solutions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:142432. [PMID: 33254867 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A great portion of Earth's freshwater and land resources are salt-affected and thus have restricted use or may become unsuitable for most human activities. Some of the recent scenarios warn that environmental salinization processes will continue to be exacerbated due to global climate change. The most relevant implications and side-effects in ecosystems under excessive salinity are destructive and long lasting (e.g. soil dispersion, water/soil hypersalinity, desertification, ruined biodiversity), often with non-feasible on site remediation, especially at larger scales. Agro-ecosystems are very sensitive to salinization; after a certain threshold is reached, yields and food quality start to deteriorate sharply. Additionally, salinity often coincides with numerous other environmental constrains (drought, waterlogging, pollution, acidity, nutrient deficiency, etc.) that progressively aggravate the threat to food security and general ecosystem resilience. Some well-proven, widely-used and cost-effective traditional ameliorative strategies (e.g. conservation agriculture, application of natural conditioners) help against salinity and other constraints, especially in developing countries. Remotely-sensed and integrated data of salt-affected areas combined with in situ and lab-based observations have never been so easy and rapid to acquire, precise and applicable on huge scales, representing a valuable tool for policy-makers and other stakeholders in implementing targeted measures to control and prevent ecosystem degradation (top-to-bottom approach). Continued progress in biotechnology and ecoengineering offers some of the most advanced and effective solutions against salinity (e.g. nanomaterials, marker-assisted breeding, genome editing, plant-microbial associations), albeit many knowledge gaps and ethical frontiers remain to be overcome before a successful transfer of these potential solutions to the industrial-scale food production can be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrijel Ondrasek
- The University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetosimunska c. 25, Croatia.
| | - Zed Rengel
- The University of Western Australia, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, Stirling Highway 35, Perth, W. Australia, Australia; Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, Split, Croatia
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24
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Gheshlaghi Z, Luis-Villarroya A, Álvarez-Fernández A, Khorassani R, Abadía J. Iron deficient Medicago scutellata grown in nutrient solution at high pH accumulates and secretes large amounts of flavins. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 303:110664. [PMID: 33487332 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flavin synthesis and secretion is an integral part of the toolbox of root-borne Fe facilitators used by Strategy I species upon Fe deficiency. The Fe-deficiency responses of the wild legume Medicago scutellata grown in nutrient solution have been studied at two different pH values (5.5 and 7.5). Parameters studied include leaf chlorophyll, nutrient solution pH, concentrations and contents of micronutrients, flavin accumulation in roots, flavin export to the medium, and root ferric chelate reductase and acidification activities. Results show that M. scutellata behaves upon Fe deficiency as a Strategy I species, with a marked capacity for synthesizing flavins (riboflavin and three hydroxylated riboflavin derivatives), which becomes more intense at high pH. Results also show that this species is capable of exporting a large amount of flavins to the external medium, both at pH 5.5 and 7.5. This is the first report of a species having a major flavin secretion at pH 7.5, in contrast with the very low flavin secretion found in other flavin-producing species such as Beta vulgaris and M. truncatula. These results provide further support to the hypothesis that flavin secretion is relevant for Fe acquisition at high pH, and open the possibility to improve the Fe-efficiency responses in legumes of agronomic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Gheshlaghi
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 9177948974, Iran.
| | - Adrián Luis-Villarroya
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Aula Dei Experimental Station, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EEAD-CSIC), Av. Montañana 1005, E-50059, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Ana Álvarez-Fernández
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Aula Dei Experimental Station, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EEAD-CSIC), Av. Montañana 1005, E-50059, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Reza Khorassani
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 9177948974, Iran.
| | - Javier Abadía
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Aula Dei Experimental Station, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EEAD-CSIC), Av. Montañana 1005, E-50059, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Bai J, Jin K, Qin W, Wang Y, Yin Q. Proteomic Responses to Alkali Stress in Oats and the Alleviatory Effects of Exogenous Spermine Application. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:627129. [PMID: 33868329 PMCID: PMC8049610 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.627129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Alkali stress limits plant growth and yield more strongly than salt stress and can lead to the appearance of yellow leaves; however, the reasons remain unclear. In this study, we found that (1) the down-regulation of coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, protoporphyrinogen oxidase, and Pheophorbide a oxygenase in oats under alkali stress contributes to the appearance of yellow leaves (as assessed by proteome and western blot analyses). (2) Some oat proteins that are involved in the antioxidant system, root growth, and jasmonic acid (JA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) synthesis are up-regulated in response to alkalinity and help increase alkali tolerance. (3) We added exogenous spermine to oat plants to improve their alkali tolerance, which resulted in higher chlorophyll contents and plant dry weights than in plants subjected to alkaline stress alone. This was due to up-regulation of chitinase and proteins related to chloroplast structure, root growth, and the antioxidant system. Spermine addition increased sucrose utilization efficiency, and promoted carbohydrate export from leaves to roots to increase energy storage in roots. Spermine addition also increased the IAA and JA contents required for root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Bai
- Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Ke Jin
- Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, China
- *Correspondence: Ke Jin,
| | - Wei Qin
- Inner Mongolia Technical College of Construction, Hohhot, China
- Wei Qin,
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Qiang Yin
- Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, China
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26
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Kaiwen G, Zisong X, Yuze H, Qi S, Yue W, Yanhui C, Jiechen W, Wei L, Huihui Z. Effects of salt concentration, pH, and their interaction on plant growth, nutrient uptake, and photochemistry of alfalfa ( Medicago sativa) leaves. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1832373. [PMID: 33073686 PMCID: PMC7671061 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1832373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to explore the main limiting factors affecting the growth and physiological function of alfalfa under salt and alkali stress, the effect of the salt and alkali stress on the growth and physiological function of alfalfa was studied. The results showed that effects of the excessive salt concentration (100 and 200 mM) on the growth and physiological characteristics were significantly greater than that of pH (7.0 and 9.0). Under 100 mM salt stress, there was no significant difference in the growth and photosynthetic function between pH 9.0 and pH 7.0. Under the 200 mM salt concentration the absorption of Na+ by alfalfa treated at the pH 9.0 did not increase significantly compared with absorption at the pH 7.0. However, the higher pH directly reduced the root activity, leaf's water content, and N-P-K content also decreased significantly. The PSII and PSI activities decreased with increasing the salt concentration, especially the damage degree of PSI. Although the photoinhibition of PSII was not significant, PSII donor and electron transfer from the QA to QB of the PSII receptor sides was inhibited. In a word, alfalfa showed relatively strong salt tolerance capacity, at the 100 mM salt concentration, even when the pH reached 9.0. Thus, the effect on the growth and photosynthetic function was not significant. However, at 200 mM salt concentration, pH 9.0 treatment caused damage to root system and the photosynthetic function in leaves of alfalfa was seriously injured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Kaiwen
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xu Zisong
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huo Yuze
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Sun Qi
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wang Yue
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Che Yanhui
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wang Jiechen
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Wei
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhang Huihui
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- CONTACT Zhang Huihui College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Li Wei
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27
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Zhang H, Huo Y, Xu Z, Guo K, Wang Y, Zhang X, Xu N, Sun G. Physiological and proteomics responses of nitrogen assimilation and glutamine/glutamine family of amino acids metabolism in mulberry ( Morus alba L.) leaves to NaCl and NaHCO 3 stress. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1798108. [PMID: 32729371 PMCID: PMC8550533 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1798108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to find out the response mechanism of nitrogen assimilation and glutamine/glutamine family of amino acids metabolism in mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves under NaCl and NaHCO3 stress, and to reveal its role in salt alkali adaptation. The effects of the nitrogen metabolism of mulberry leaves were studied under 100 mmol L-1 NaCl and NaHCO3 stress.The results showed that the activity of NR and the content of TN and SP did not change significantly, the expression of NiR, Fd-NiR, Fd-NiR gene and theactivity of NiR increased significantly under NaCl stress, but nitrogen assimilation was inhibited under NaHCO3 stress. NaCl stress had no significant effect on the expression and activity of GS and GOGAT in mulberry leaves. Under NaHCO3 stress, the expression of Fd-GOGAT, Fd-GOGAT2, Fd-GOGAT gene, and the activity of GS and GOGAT were significantly decreased. NaCl stress can promote the accumulation of Pro, Put and Spd in mulberry leaves. The accumulation of Pro under NaHCO3 stress is greater than that under NaCl stress. NaCl stress also induced the up-regulation of GAD, GAD1 and GAD1 gene expression, so promoting the synthesis of GABA may be an adaptive mechanism for mulberry to cope with NaCl stress, but the expression of GAD did not change significantly and GAD gene expression lower than CK under NaHCO3 stress. Although both NaCl and NaHCO3 stress could promote the synthesis of GSH by up-regulation of GCLM expression, GSH under NaHCO3 stress was significantly higher than that under NaCl stress, the content of H2O2 was still significantly higher than that of NaCl stress, that means GSH may not play a key role in alleviating the oxidative damage in mulberry leaves caused by salt and alkali.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, NortheastAgriculturalUniversity, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuze Huo
- College of Resources and Environment, NortheastAgriculturalUniversity, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zisong Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, NortheastAgriculturalUniversity, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kaiwen Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, NortheastAgriculturalUniversity, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaosong Zhang
- Department of Research and Education, Dalian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Province Key Laboratory of Cold Region Wetland Ecology and Environment Research, Harbin University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Natural Resources and Ecology Institute, Heilongjiang Sciences Academy, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guangyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Sharma MP, Grover M, Chourasiya D, Bharti A, Agnihotri R, Maheshwari HS, Pareek A, Buyer JS, Sharma SK, Schütz L, Mathimaran N, Singla-Pareek SL, Grossman JM, Bagyaraj DJ. Deciphering the Role of Trehalose in Tripartite Symbiosis Among Rhizobia, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, and Legumes for Enhancing Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:509919. [PMID: 33042042 PMCID: PMC7527417 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.509919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is a critical factor limiting the productivity of legumes worldwide. Legumes can enter into a unique tripartite symbiotic relationship with root-nodulating bacteria of genera Rhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, or Sinorhizobium and colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Rhizobial symbiosis provides nitrogen necessary for growth. AMF symbiosis enhances uptake of diffusion-limited nutrients such as P, Zn, Cu, etc., and also water from the soil via plant-associated fungal hyphae. Rhizobial and AMF symbioses can act synergistically in promoting plant growth and fitness, resulting in overall yield benefits under drought stress. One of the approaches that rhizobia use to survive under stress is the accumulation of compatible solutes, or osmolytes, such as trehalose. Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide and an osmolyte reported to accumulate in a range of organisms. High accumulation of trehalose in bacteroids during nodulation protects cells and proteins from osmotic shock, desiccation, and heat under drought stress. Manipulation of trehalose cell concentrations has been directly correlated with stress response in plants and other organisms, including AMF. However, the role of this compound in the tripartite symbiotic relationship is not fully explored. This review describes the biological importance and the role of trehalose in the tripartite symbiosis between plants, rhizobia, and AMF. In particular, we review the physiological functions and the molecular investigations of trehalose carried out using omics-based approaches. This review will pave the way for future studies investigating possible metabolic engineering of this biomolecule for enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahaveer P. Sharma
- Microbiology Section, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Indore, India
| | - Minakshi Grover
- Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Dipanti Chourasiya
- Microbiology Section, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Indore, India
| | - Abhishek Bharti
- Microbiology Section, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Indore, India
| | - Richa Agnihotri
- Microbiology Section, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Indore, India
| | | | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Jeffrey S. Buyer
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, United States
| | - Sushil K. Sharma
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur, India
| | - Lukas Schütz
- Department of Environmental Sciences-Botany, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Natarajan Mathimaran
- Department of Environmental Sciences-Botany, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- M S Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Sneh L. Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Julie M. Grossman
- Department of Horticultural Science, College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Davis J. Bagyaraj
- Center for Natural Biological Resources and Community Development, Bengaluru, India
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Liu J, Shen F, Xiao Y, Fang H, Qiu C, Li W, Wu T, Xu X, Wang Y, Zhang X, Han Z. Genomics-assisted prediction of salt and alkali tolerances and functional marker development in apple rootstocks. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:550. [PMID: 32778069 PMCID: PMC7430842 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06961-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Saline, alkaline, and saline-alkaline stress severely affect plant growth and development. The tolerance of plants to these stressors has long been important breeding objectives, especially for woody perennials like apple. The aims of this study were to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and to develop genomics-assisted prediction models for salt, alkali, and salt-alkali tolerance in apple rootstock. Results A total of 3258 hybrids derived from the apple rootstock cultivars ‘Baleng Crab’ (Malus robusta Rehd., tolerant) × ‘M9’ (M. pumila Mill., sensitive) were used to identify 17, 13, and two QTLs for injury indices of salt, alkali, and salt–alkali stress via bulked segregant analysis. The genotype effects of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers designed on candidate genes in each QTL interval were estimated. The genomic predicted value of an individual hybrid was calculated by adding the sum of all marker genotype effects to the mean phenotype value of the population. The prediction accuracy was 0.6569, 0.6695, and 0.5834 for injury indices of salt, alkali, and salt–alkali stress, respectively. SNP182G on MdRGLG3, which changes a leucine to an arginine at the vWFA-domain, conferred tolerance to salt, alkali, and salt-alkali stress. SNP761A on MdKCAB, affecting the Kv_beta domain that cooperated with the linked allelic variation SNP11, contributed to salt, alkali, and salt–alkali tolerance in apple rootstock. Conclusions The genomics-assisted prediction models can potentially be used in breeding saline, alkaline, and saline-alkaline tolerant apple rootstocks. The QTLs and the functional markers may provide insight for future studies into the genetic variation of plant abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Shen
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongcheng Fang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Changpeng Qiu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhenhai Han
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Huihui Z, Xin L, Yupeng G, Mabo L, Yue W, Meijun A, Yuehui Z, Guanjun L, Nan X, Guangyu S. Physiological and proteomic responses of reactive oxygen species metabolism and antioxidant machinery in mulberry (Morus alba L.) seedling leaves to NaCl and NaHCO 3 stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 193:110259. [PMID: 32097787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the effects of 100 mM NaCl and NaHCO3 stress on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and physiological and proteomic aspects of ROS metabolism in mulberry seedling leaves were studied. The results showed that NaCl stress had little effect on photosynthesis and respiration of mulberry seedling leaves. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the expression of related proteins in leaves increased by varying degrees, and accumulation of superoxide anion (O2·-) not observed. Under NaHCO3 stress, photosynthesis and respiration were significantly inhibited, while the rate of O2·- production rate and H2O2 content increased. The activity of catalase (CAT) and the expression of CAT (W9RJ43) increased under NaCl stress. In response to NaHCO3 stress, the activity and expression of CAT were significantly decreased, but the ability of H2O2 scavenging of peroxidase (POD) was enhanced. The ascorbic acid-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle in mulberry seedling leaves was enhancement in both NaCl and NaHCO3 stress. The expression of 2-Cys peroxiredoxin BAS1 (2-Cys Prx BAS1), together with thioredoxin F (TrxF), thioredoxin O1 (TrxO1), thioredoxin-like protein CITRX (Trx CITRX), and thioredoxin-like protein CDSP32 (Trx CDSP32) were significantly increased under NaCl stress. Under NaHCO3 stress, the expression of the electron donor of ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase (FTR), together with Trx-related proteins, such as thioredoxin M (TrxM), thioredoxin M4 (TrxM4), thioredoxin X (TrxX), TrxF, and Trx CSDP32 were significantly decreased, suggesting that the thioredoxin-peroxiredoxin (Trx-Prx) pathway's function of scavenging H2O2 of in mulberry seedling leaves was inhibited. Taken together, under NaCl stress, excessive production of O2·- mulberry seedlings leaves was inhibited, and H2O2 was effectively scavenged by CAT, AsA-GSH cycle and Trx-Prx pathway. Under NaHCO3 stress, despite the enhanced functions of POD and AsA-GSH cycle, the scavenging of O2·- by SOD was not effective, and that of H2O2 by CAT and Trx-Prx pathway were inhibited; and in turn, the oxidative damage to mulberry seedling leaves could not be reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Huihui
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Xin
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guan Yupeng
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Mabo
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wang Yue
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - An Meijun
- Developmental Center of Heilongjiang Provincial Sericulture and Bee Industry, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhang Yuehui
- Developmental Center of Heilongjiang Provincial Sericulture and Bee Industry, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Liu Guanjun
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xu Nan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Natural Resources and Ecology Institute, Heilongjiang Sciences Academy, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Sun Guangyu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Li Z, He J, Li B, Zhang J, He K, Duan X, Huang R, Wu Z, Xiang G. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptotic cell death in liver cancer cells. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520903652. [PMID: 32281441 PMCID: PMC7155242 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520903652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Titanium oxide (TiO2) acts as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy by mediating reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TiO2 on ER stress in liver cancer cells. Methods Normal human liver and human hepatocarcinoma cell lines were incubated with various concentrations of TiO2 nanotubes for 48 hours. Cell growth, apoptosis, cell cycle, and cellular ROS were detected. Expression levels of ER stress sensors (PERK and ATF6) and Bax were evaluated by western blot. The effect of TiO2 on liver cancer growth was also investigated in mice in vivo. Results TiO2 inhibited cell growth, increased apoptosis and cellular ROS levels, and arrested the cell cycle in G1 stage in liver cancer cells. TiO2 also increased PERK, ATF6, and Bax expression levels in liver cancer cells in dose-dependent manners. TiO2 had no significant effect on cell growth, apoptosis, ROS level, cell cycle distribution, or PERK, ATF6, or Bax expression in normal liver cells. TiO2 administration reduced tumor volume and increased PERK, Bax, and ATF6 expression levels in tumor tissues in vivo. Conclusions TiO2 nanoparticles increased ROS-induced ER stress and activated the PERK/ATF6/Bax axis in liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, China
| | - Jingliang He
- Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Bowei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinqian Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke He
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaopeng Duan
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Huang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuguang Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, China
| | - Guoan Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Dogan M. Effect of salt stress on in vitro organogenesis from nodal explant of Limnophila aromatica (Lamk.) Merr. and Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. and their physio-morphological and biochemical responses. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:803-816. [PMID: 32255941 PMCID: PMC7113342 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00798-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most severe abiotic stress factors that limit crop productivity by affecting the growth of plants. Therefore, it is significant to know the responses of plants against salt stress. In this study, the callus formation capabilities of nodal explants of Limnophila aromatica (Lamk.) Merr. and Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. incubated under different NaCl concentrations (0-100 mM) in in vitro culture conditions were investigated and also the effect of NaCl on the release of regenerated shoots from these calluses was examined. Furthermore, the plants under NaCI stress were evaluated physiologically and biochemically. Callus formation percentages and callus intensities from the nodal explants decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations. In addition, yellowing, browning and even deaths were observed in calluses under salt toxicity. The callus was taken into the subculture, and the increased NaCl concentration in both plant species adversely affected the regeneration ability of the shoots. The number of shoots per callus for L. aromatica and B. monnieri was 6.72-17.49 and 7.42-15.38, respectively. The length of shoots in L. aromatica was between 0.95 and 1.65 cm, and in B. monnieri between 1.17 and 1.81 cm. The lowest number of shoots per callus and the shoot lengths were found in medium containing 100 mM NaCl. Moreover, photosynthetic pigmentation, lipid peroxidation, protein content, and proline content was damaged with increased salinity compared to the control group. This comprehensive study in tissue culture conditions can a be potential contributor to the literature and can help other studies to be carried out in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Dogan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Yunus Emre Campus, 70100 Karaman, Turkey
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33
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Huihui Z, Yue W, Xin L, Guoqiang H, Yanhui C, Zhiyuan T, Jieyu S, Nan X, Guangyu S. Chlorophyll synthesis and the photoprotective mechanism in leaves of mulberry (Morus alba L.) seedlings under NaCl and NaHCO 3 stress revealed by TMT-based proteomics analyses. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110164. [PMID: 31927191 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll (Chl) and effective photoprotective mechanism are important prerequisites to ensure the photosynthetic function of plants under stress. In this study, the effects of 100 mmol L-1 NaCl and NaHCO3 stress on chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthetic function of mulberry seedlings were studied by physiological combined with proteomics technology. The results show that: NaCl stress had little effect on the expression of Chl synthesis related proteins, and there were no significant changes in Chl content and Chl a:b ratio. However, 13 of the 15 key proteins in the process of Chl synthesis were significantly decreased under NaHCO3 stress, and the contents of Chl a and Chl b were significantly decreased (especially Chl a). Although stomatal conductance (Gs) decreased significantly under NaCl stress, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), PSII maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and electron transfer rate (ETR) did not change significantly, but under NaHCO3 stress, not only Gs decreased significantly, PSII activity and photosynthetic carbon were the same. In the photoprotective mechanism under NaCl stress, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH)-dependent cyclic electron flow (CEF) enhanced, the expression of related proteins subunit, ndhH, ndhI, ndhK, and ndhM, the key enzyme of the xanthophyll cycle, violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) were up-regulated, the ratio of (A + Z)/(V + A + Z) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) was increased. The expressions of proteins FTR and Fd-NiR were also significant up-regulated under NaCl stress, Fd-dependent ROS metabolism and nitrogen metabolism can effectively reduce the electronic pressure on Fd. Under NaHCO3 stress, the expressions of NDH-dependent CEF related proteins subunit (ndhH, ndhI, ndhK, ndhM and ndhN), VDE, ZE, FTR, Fd-NiR and Fd-GOGAT, were significant down-regulated, and ZE, CP26, ndhK, ndhM, Fd-NiR, Fd-GOGAT and FTR genes expression also significantly decreased, the photoprotective mechanism, like the xanthophyll cycle,CEF and Fd-dependent ROS metabolism and nitrogen metabolism might be damaged, resulting in the inhibition of PSII electron transfer and carbon assimilation in mulberry leaves under NaHCO3 stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Huihui
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wang Yue
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Xin
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - He Guoqiang
- Mudanjang Tobacco Science Research Institute, Mudanjang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Che Yanhui
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Teng Zhiyuan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shao Jieyu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xu Nan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Natural Resources and Ecology Institute, Heilongjiang Sciences Academy, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Sun Guangyu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Yang C, Zhao W, Wang Y, Zhang L, Huang S, Lin J. Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Alkali Tolerance Mechanism in Puccinellia tenuiflora Plants Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E327. [PMID: 32110985 PMCID: PMC7142761 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil alkalization is a major environmental threat that affects plant distribution and yield in northeastern China. Puccinellia tenuiflora is an alkali-tolerant grass species that is used for salt-alkali grassland restoration. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance P. tenuiflora responses to alkali stress. Here, metabolite profiling in P. tenuiflora seedlings with or without arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) under alkali stress was conducted using liquid chromatography combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/TOF-MS). The results showed that AMF colonization increased seedling biomass under alkali stress. In addition, principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) demonstrated that non-AM and AM seedlings showed different responses under alkali stress. A heat map analysis showed that the levels of 88 metabolites were significantly changed in non-AM seedlings, but those of only 31 metabolites were significantly changed in AM seedlings. Moreover, the levels of a total of 62 metabolites were significantly changed in P. tenuiflora seedlings after AMF inoculation. The results suggested that AMF inoculation significantly increased amino acid, organic acid, flavonoid and sterol contents to improve osmotic adjustment and maintain cell membrane stability under alkali stress. P. tenuiflora seedlings after AMF inoculation produced more plant hormones (salicylic acid and abscisic acid) than the non-AM seedlings, probably to enhance the antioxidant system and facilitate ion balance under stress conditions. In conclusion, these findings provide new insights into the metabolic mechanisms of P. tenuiflora seedlings with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under alkali conditions and clarify the role of AM in the molecular regulation of this species under alkali stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxue Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Wenna Zhao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Yingnan Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Liang Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Shouchen Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Jixiang Lin
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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Genetic regulatory networks for salt-alkali stress in Gossypium hirsutum with differing morphological characteristics. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:15. [PMID: 31906862 PMCID: PMC6945603 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6375-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cotton grows in altering environments that are often unfavorable or stressful for its growth and development. Consequently, the plant must cope with abiotic stresses such as soil salinity, drought, and excessive temperatures. Alkali-salt stress response remains a cumbersome biological process and is regulated via a multifaceted transcriptional regulatory network in cotton. Results To discover the molecular mechanisms of alkali-salt stress response in cotton, a comprehensive transcriptome analysis was carried out after alkali-salt stress treatment in three accessions of Gossypium hirsutum with contrasting phenotype. Expression level analysis proved that alkali-salt stress response presented significant stage-specific and tissue-specific. GO enrichment analysis typically suggested that signal transduction process involved in salt-alkali stress response at SS3 and SS12 stages in leaf; carbohydrate metabolic process and oxidation-reduction process involved in SS48 stages in leaf; the oxidation-reduction process involved at all three phases in the root. The Co-expression analysis suggested a potential GhSOS3/GhCBL10-SOS2 network was involved in salt-alkali stress response. Furthermore, Salt-alkali sensitivity was increased in GhSOS3 and GhCBL10 Virus-induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) plants. Conclusion The findings may facilitate to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of alkali-salt stress response and provide an available resource to scrutinize the role of candidate genes and signaling pathway governing alkali-salt stress response.
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Hui-Hui Z, Guang-Liang S, Jie-Yu S, Xin L, Ma-Bo L, Liang M, Nan X, Guang-Yu S. Photochemistry and proteomics of mulberry (Morus alba L.) seedlings under NaCl and NaHCO 3 stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 184:109624. [PMID: 31487570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In order to explore the response and adaptation mechanisms of photosynthesis of the leaves of mulberry (Morus alba L.) seedlings to saline-alkali stress. Photosynthetic activity, and the response of related proteomics of M. alba seedling leaves under NaCl and NaHCO3 stress were studied by using chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange technique combined with TMT proteomics. The results showed that NaCl stress had no significant effect on photosystem II (PSII) activity in M. alba seedling leaves. In addition, the expressions of proteins of the PSII oxygen-evolving complex (OEE3-1 and PPD4) and the LHCII antenna (CP24 10A, CP26, and CP29) were increased, and the photosystem I (PSI) activity in the leaves of M. alba seedlings was increased, as well as expressions of proteins, such as PsaF, PsaG, PsaH, PsaL, PsaN, and Ycf4. Under NaHCO3 stress, the activity of PSII and PSI and the expression of their protein complexes and the electron transfer-related proteins significantly decreased. NaCl stress had little effect on RuBP regeneration during dark reaction in the leaves and the expressions of glucose synthesis related proteins and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) did not decrease significantly. The leaves could adapt to NaCl stress by reducing stomatal conductance (Gs) and increasing water use efficiency (WUE). Under NaHCO3 stress, the expression of dark reaction-related proteins was mostly down-regulated, while Gs was reduced, which indicated that non-stomatal factors can be responsible for inhibition of carbon assimilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Hui-Hui
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shi Guang-Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shao Jie-Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Xin
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Ma-Bo
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Meng Liang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xu Nan
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Natural Resources and Ecology Institute, Heilongjiang Sciences Academy, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Sun Guang-Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Li Y, Liu K, Zhu J, Jiang Y, Huang Y, Zhou Z, Chen C, Yu F. Manganese accumulation and plant physiology behavior of Camellia oleifera in response to different levels of nitrogen fertilization. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 184:109603. [PMID: 31473561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) pollution in soil, especially around the mining areas, is a severe problem in China. Seeking for effective remediation methods for Mn-contaminated soil is therefore urgent and necessary. Camellia oleifera (C. oleifera) is one of the world's four major woody oil plants, which is widely cultivated in subtropical acidic soils for oil production and has become an important economic and ecological resource in Guangxi Province. Nitrogen (N) is one of the most common limiting factors for plant growth and development in soils. We carried out this study to evaluate the effects of different N fertilization levels (0, 100, 300 and 500 mg kg-1) on the morphological and physiological characteristics of C. oleifera in two soils with different Mn-contamination degrees. The results indicate that N fertilization affected the plant growth and the content of photosynthetic pigments, while C. oleifera accumulated great amounts of Mn in both soils. However, the plant biomass reduced significantly at the high-level N fertilization (≥300 mg kg-1), and the oxidative stress was stimulated under Mn contamination. As a comparison, the plant biomass remained unaffected at the low-level N fertilization (100 mg kg-1), and the ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity in C. oleifera leaves were enhanced to alleviate the oxidative stress and therefore protecting the plant from Mn contamination. Meanwhile, plants supplemented with a low-level of N fertilizer (100 mg kg-1) had appropriate antioxidant enzyme and nonenzymatic antioxidant activities, which indicates that this was favorable growth conditions for C. oleifera. Thus, the recommended N fertilization level for maintaining plant biomass and increasing Mn accumulation in plant is 100 mg kg-1 N; at which level the efficiency of Mn phytoremediation by C. oleifera can be further enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environment Change of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China; College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Kehui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environment Change of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China; College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Yongrong Jiang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zhenming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environment Change of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China; College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Chaoshu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environment Change of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China; College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Fangming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environment Change of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China; College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China.
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Wang Y, Zeng X, Xu Q, Mei X, Yuan H, Jiabu D, Sang Z, Nyima T. Metabolite profiling in two contrasting Tibetan hulless barley cultivars revealed the core salt-responsive metabolome and key salt-tolerance biomarkers. AOB PLANTS 2019; 11:plz021. [PMID: 31037214 PMCID: PMC6482114 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plz021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress represents one of the most harmful abiotic stresses for agricultural productivity. Tibetan hulless barley is an important economic crop widely grown in highly stressful conditions in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and is often challenged by salinity stress. To investigate the temporal metabolic responses to salinity stress in hulless barley, we performed a widely targeted metabolomic analysis of 72 leaf samples from two contrasting cultivars. We identified 642 compounds 57 % of which were affected by salt stress in the two cultivars, principally amino acids and derivatives, organic acids, nucleotides, and derivatives and flavonoids. A total of 13 stress-related metabolites including piperidine, L-tryptophan, L-glutamic acid, L-saccharopine, L-phenylalanine, 6-methylcoumarin, cinnamic acid, inosine 5'-monophosphate, aminomalonic acid, 6-aminocaproic acid, putrescine, tyramine and abscisic acid (ABA) represent the core metabolome responsive to salinity stress in hulless barley regardless of the tolerance level. In particular, we found that the ABA signalling pathway is essential to salt stress response in hulless barley. The high tolerance of the cultivar 0119 is due to a metabolic reprogramming at key stress times. During the early salt stress stages (0-24 h), 0119 tended to save energy through reduced glycolysis, nucleotide metabolism and amino acid synthesis, while increased antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids. Under prolonged stress (48-72 h), 0119 significantly enhanced energy production and amino acid synthesis. In addition, some important compatible solutes were strongly accumulated. By comparing the two cultivars, nine salt-tolerance biomarkers, mostly unreported salt-tolerance compounds in plants, were uncovered. Our study indicated that the salt tolerant hulless barley cultivar invokes a tolerance strategy which is conserved in other plant species. Overall, we provide for the first time some extensive metabolic data and some important salt-tolerance biomarkers which may assist in efforts to improve hulless barley tolerance to salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Xingquan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Qijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Xiao Mei
- Wuhan Metware Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Dunzhu Jiabu
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Zha Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Tashi Nyima
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, Tibet, China
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Budzinski IGF, de Moraes FE, Cataldi TR, Franceschini LM, Labate CA. Network Analyses and Data Integration of Proteomics and Metabolomics From Leaves of Two Contrasting Varieties of Sugarcane in Response to Drought. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1524. [PMID: 31850025 PMCID: PMC6892781 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Uncovering the molecular mechanisms involved in the responses of crops to drought is crucial to understand and enhance drought tolerance mechanisms. Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is an important commercial crop cultivated mainly in tropical and subtropical areas for sucrose and ethanol production. Usually, drought tolerance has been investigated by single omics analysis (e.g. global transcripts identification). Here we combine label-free quantitative proteomics and metabolomics data (GC-TOF-MS), using a network-based approach, to understand how two contrasting commercial varieties of sugarcane, CTC15 (tolerant) and SP90-3414 (susceptible), adjust their leaf metabolism in response to drought. To this aim, we propose the utilization of regularized canonical correlation analysis (rCCA), which is a modification of classical CCA, and explores the linear relationships between two datasets of quantitative variables from the same experimental units, with a threshold set to 0.99. Light curves revealed that after 4 days of drought, the susceptible variety had its photosynthetic capacity already significantly reduced, while the tolerant variety did not show major reduction. Upon 12 days of drought, photosynthesis in the susceptible plants was completely reduced, while the tolerant variety was at a third of its rate under control conditions. Network analysis of proteins and metabolites revealed that different biological process had a stronger impact in each variety (e.g. translation in CTC15, generation of precursor metabolites, response to stress and energy in SP90-3414). Our results provide a reference data set and demonstrate that rCCA can be a powerful tool to infer experimentally metabolite-protein or protein-metabolite associations to understand plant biology.
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Physiological and TMT-based proteomic analysis of oat early seedlings in response to alkali stress. J Proteomics 2018; 193:10-26. [PMID: 30576833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oats are an important cereal crop worldwide, and they also serve as a phytoremediation crop to ameliorate salinized and alkalized soils. However, the mechanism of the oat response to alkali remains unclear. Physiological and tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic analyses were employed to elucidate the mechanism of the oat response to alkali stress. Physiological and phenotypic data showed that oat root growth was inhibited more severely than shoot growth after alkali stress. In total, 164 proteins were up-regulated and 241 proteins were down-regulated in roots, and 93 proteins were up-regulated and 139 proteins were down-regulated in shoots. Under high pH stress, transmembrane proton transporters were down-regulated; conversely, organic acid synthesis related enzymes were increased. Transporters of N, P, Fe, Cu and Ca in addition to N assimilation enzymes in the root were highly increased. This result revealed that higher efficiency of P, Fe, Cu and Ca transport, especially higher efficiency of N intake and assimilation, greatly promoted oat root resistance to alkali stress. Furthermore, many resistance proteins, such as late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) mainly in shoots, GDSL esterase lipase mainly in roots, and WD40-like beta propeller repeat families, greatly accumulated to contribute to oat resistance to alkali stress. SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, physiological and tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic analyses were employed to elucidate oats early seedlings in response to alkali stress. Many difference expression proteins were found involving in oats response to alkali stress. Also, higher efficiency transport of P, Fe, Cu, Ca and N greatly promoted oat resistance to alkali stress.
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Wu S, Zhu P, Jia B, Yang J, Shen Y, Cai X, Sun X, Zhu Y, Sun M. A Glycine soja group S2 bZIP transcription factor GsbZIP67 conferred bicarbonate alkaline tolerance in Medicago sativa. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:234. [PMID: 30316294 PMCID: PMC6186066 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1466-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though bicarbonate alkaline stress is a serious threat to crop growth and yields, it attracts much fewer researches than high salinity stress. The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors have been well demonstrated to function in diverse abiotic stresses; however, their biological role in alkaline tolerance still remains elusive. In this study, we functionally characterized a bZIP gene from Glycine soja GsbZIP67 in bicarbonate alkaline stress responses. RESULTS GsbZIP67 was initially identified as a putative bicarbonate responsive gene, on the basis of previous RNA-seq data of 50 mM NaHCO3-treated Glycine soja roots. GsbZIP67 protein possessed a conserved bZIP domain, and belonged to the group S2 bZIP, which is yet less well-studied. Our studies showed that GsbZIP67 targeted to nucleus in Arabidopsis protoplasts, and displayed transcriptional activation activity in yeast cells. The quantitative real-time PCR analyses unraveled the bicarbonate stress responsive expression and tissue specific expression of GsbZIP67 in wild soybean. Further phenotypic analysis illustrated that GsbZIP67 overexpression in alfalfa promoted plant growth under bicarbonate alkaline stress, as evidenced by longer roots and shoots. Furthermore, GsbZIP67 overexpression also modified the physiological indices of transgenic alfalfa under bicarbonate alkaline stress. In addition, the expression levels of several stress responsive genes were also augmented by GsbZIP67 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, in this study, we demonstrated that GsbZIP67 acted as a positive regulator of plant tolerance to bicarbonate alkaline stress. These results provide direct genetic evidence of group S2 bZIPs in bicarbonate alkaline stress, and will facilitate further studies concerning the cis-elements and/or downstream genes targeted by GsbZIP67 in stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyang Wu
- Plant Bioengineering Laboratory, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 People’s Republic of China
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Pinhui Zhu
- Plant Bioengineering Laboratory, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bowei Jia
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Junkai Yang
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Shen
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxi Cai
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanming Zhu
- Plant Bioengineering Laboratory, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 People’s Republic of China
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingzhe Sun
- Plant Bioengineering Laboratory, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 People’s Republic of China
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
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Chen C, Liu A, Ren H, Yu Y, Duanmu H, Duan X, Sun X, Liu B, Zhu Y. Genome-Wide Analysis of Glycine soja Response Regulator GsRR Genes Under Alkali and Salt Stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1306. [PMID: 30245700 PMCID: PMC6137175 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Soil salt-alkalization is a dramatic challenging factor for plant growth. Wild soybean (Glycine soja) exhibits a favorable trait of superior tolerance to salt-alkali stress, and recent discoveries show that response regulator family genes are involved in diverse abiotic stresses. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses of all response regulator genes in wild soybean will provide insight into their function in plant stress response. In this study, we identified and characterized a total of 56 Glycine soja response regulator (GsRR) genes. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that GsRR genes could be classified into five subclasses (A1, A2, B1, B2, and C). We further investigated the chromosome locations, gene duplications and conserved domains of the GsRRs. Furthermore, the clustering analysis of GsRR transcript profiles revealed five different expression patterns under alkali stress. The A1 and A2 subclasses display significantly higher transcriptional levels than the B subclass. In addition, quantitative real-time PCR results verified that the GsRR genes were also significantly influenced by salt stress. Notably, GsRR2a in the A1 subclass showed opposite expression patterns under salt stress comparing with alkali stress. Moreover, overexpression of GsRR2a in Arabidopsis significantly improved the tolerance to alkali stress, but not salt stress. These results suggest the important roles of GsRR genes in response to salt and alkaline stresses, and also provide valuable clues for further functional characterization of GsRR family genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ailin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Huizi Duanmu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangbo Duan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Agronomy College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Beidong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yanming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Sun S, Guo Z, Fu H, Ge X, Zhu J, Gu Z. Based on the Metabolomic Approach the Energy Metabolism Responses of Oriental River Prawn Macrobrachium nipponense Hepatopancreas to Acute Hypoxia and Reoxygenation. Front Physiol 2018; 9:76. [PMID: 29686619 PMCID: PMC5900017 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia represents a major physiological challenge for prawns and is a problem in aquaculture. Therefore, an understanding of the metabolic response mechanism of economically important prawn species to hypoxia and re-oxygenation is essential. However, little is known about the intrinsic mechanisms by which the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense copes with hypoxia at the metabolic level. In this study, we conducted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics studies and assays of energy metabolism-related parameters to investigate the metabolic mechanisms in the hepatopancreas of M. nipponense in response to 2.0 O2/L hypoxia for 6 and 24 h, and reoxygenation for 6 h following hypoxia for 24 h. Prawns under hypoxic stress displayed higher glycolysis-related enzyme activities and lower mRNA expression levels of aerobic respiratory enzymes than those in the normoxic control group, and those parameters returned to control levels in the reoxygenated group. Our results showed that hypoxia induced significant metabolomic alterations in the prawn hepatopancreas within 24 h. The main metabolic alterations were depletion of amino acids and 2-hydroxybutanoic acid and accumulation of lactate. Further, the findings indicated that hypoxia disturbed energy metabolism and induced antioxidant defense regulation in prawns. Surprisingly, recovery from hypoxia (i.e., reoxygenation) significantly affected 25 metabolites. Some amino acids (valine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, glutamate, and methionine) were markedly decreased compared to the control group, suggesting that increased degradation of amino acids occurred to provide energy in prawns at reoxygenation conditions. This study describes the acute metabolomic alterations that occur in prawns in response to hypoxia and demonstrates the potential of the altered metabolites as biomarkers of hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhongbao Guo
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Hongtuo Fu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Xianping Ge
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhimin Gu
- Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
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Qiao K, Wang M, Takano T, Liu S. Overexpression of Acyl-CoA-Binding Protein 1 ( ChACBP1) From Saline-Alkali-Tolerant Chlorella sp. Enhances Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1772. [PMID: 30555504 PMCID: PMC6282033 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A large proportion of the world's arable land is saline-alkali land, and this is becoming an urgent environmental problem for agriculture. One approach to address this problem is to develop new varieties of stress-resistant plants through genetic engineering. The algae (Chlorella sp.) JB6, which was previously isolated from saline-alkali land, was found to exhibit strong NaHCO3 tolerance. Here, we explored saline-alkali-tolerance genes in this alga that might be useful for producing abiotic stress-resistant transgenic plants. We identified a gene encoding acyl-CoA-binding protein 1 (ACBP1) from JB6 by screening a full-length cDNA library in yeast under NaHCO3 stress. Northern blot analyses showed that the ChACBP1 mRNA levels were significantly up-regulated under abiotic stresses such as salinity, oxidation, heavy metals, and low temperature stresses. The recombinant ChACBP1 protein was found to bind phosphatidylcholine in vitro. Green fluorescent protein-labeled ChACBP1 was localized to the cytosol. Overexpression of ChACBP1 in yeast and Arabidopsis increased their resistance to high salinity, oxidation, heavy metals, and low temperature stresses. These results suggested that ChACBP1 may mediate plant abiotic stress adaptation through phospholipid metabolism. Thus, ChACBP1 may be useful to genetically improve the tolerance of plants to saline-alkali soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Qiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’an, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Science, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field (SAVER), Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center (ASNESC), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tetsuo Takano
- Asian Natural Environment Science Center (ANESC), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shenkui Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’an, China
- *Correspondence: Shenkui Liu,
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