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Lu L, Delrot S, Liang Z. From acidity to sweetness: a comprehensive review of carbon accumulation in grape berries. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2024; 4:22. [PMID: 38835095 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-024-00100-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Most of the carbon found in fruits at harvest is imported by the phloem. Imported carbon provide the material needed for the accumulation of sugars, organic acids, secondary compounds, in addition to the material needed for the synthesis of cell walls. The accumulation of sugars during fruit development influences not only sweetness but also various parameters controlling fruit composition (fruit "quality"). The accumulation of organic acids and sugar in grape berry flesh cells is a key process for berry development and ripening. The present review presents an update of the research on grape berry development, anatomical structure, sugar and acid metabolism, sugar transporters, and regulatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Prominent Crop, Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Oenology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Serge Delrot
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, UMR EGFV, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
| | - Zhenchang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Prominent Crop, Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Oenology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, 100093, China.
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Zhao T, Xie S, Zhang Z. Effects of foliar-sprayed potassium dihydrogen phosphate on accumulation of flavonoids in Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4838-4849. [PMID: 36916448 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In current vineyards, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2 PO4 ) is a common foliar fertilizer with the lowest salt index. It is employed to improve the transportation and distribution of grape photosynthetic products, but the mechanism of its effect on fruit flavonoid synthesis is unclear. RESULTS This study investigated the effects of foliar spraying of KH2 PO4 at different developmental stages (1 week before veraison; the end of veraison (EV)) on flavonoid metabolites and related gene expression of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grape for two consecutive vintages. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry technology was used to identify 6 flavan-3-ols, 11 flavonols, and 16 anthocyanins. KH2 PO4 influenced anthocyanins content, especially when applied at the EV stage, the content of anthocyanins was significantly higher than that of the control. Further, quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that KH2 PO4 treatment applied at the EV stage can increase the expression of anthocyanin synthesis genes and accelerate anthocyanin synthesis. In particular, the expression of VviGST in EV treatment was significantly higher than that of the control during the development process. CONCLUSION These findings have enhanced our understanding of the effect of KH2 PO4 treatment on grape flavonoids. Among them, EV treatment can significantly increase anthocyanins content. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Sha Xie
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
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3
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Villano C, Demurtas OC, Esposito S, Granell A, Rambla JL, Piombino P, Frusciante L, Carputo D, Diretto G, Aversano R. Integrative analysis of metabolome and transcriptome profiles to highlight aroma determinants in Aglianico and Falanghina grape berries. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:241. [PMID: 37149574 PMCID: PMC10163809 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04251-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biochemical makeup of grape berries at harvest is essential for wine quality and depends on a fine transcriptional regulation occurring during berry development. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive survey of transcriptomic and metabolomic changes occurring in different berry tissues and developmental stages of the ancient grapes Aglianico and Falanghina to establish the patterns of the secondary metabolites contributing to their wine aroma and investigate the underlying transcriptional regulation. RESULTS Over two hundred genes related to aroma were found, of which 107 were differentially expressed in Aglianico and 99 in Falanghina. Similarly, 68 volatiles and 34 precursors were profiled in the same samples. Our results showed a large extent of transcriptomic and metabolomic changes at the level of isoprenoids (terpenes, norisoprenoids), green leaf volatiles (GLVs), and amino acid pathways, although the terpenoid metabolism was the most distinctive for Aglianico, and GLVs for Falanghina. Co-expression analysis that integrated metabolome and transcriptome data pinpointed 25 hub genes as points of biological interest in defining the metabolic patterns observed. Among them, three hub genes encoding for terpenes synthases (VvTPS26, VvTPS54, VvTPS68) in Aglianico and one for a GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (VvGFP) in Falanghina were selected as potential active player underlying the aroma typicity of the two grapes. CONCLUSION Our data improve the understanding of the regulation of aroma-related biosynthetic pathways of Aglianico and Falanghina and provide valuable metabolomic and transcriptomic resources for future studies in these varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clizia Villano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Olivia Costantina Demurtas
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Casaccia Research Centre, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy, and Sustainable Development (ENEA), Rome, 00123, Italy
| | - Salvatore Esposito
- CREA Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), S.S. 673, km 25, Foggia, 200-71122, Italy
| | - Antonio Granell
- IBMCP Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (CSIC-UPV), Carrer de l'Enginyer Fausto Elio, s/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - José Luis Rambla
- IBMCP Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (CSIC-UPV), Carrer de l'Enginyer Fausto Elio, s/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Paola Piombino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Luigi Frusciante
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Domenico Carputo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Diretto
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Casaccia Research Centre, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy, and Sustainable Development (ENEA), Rome, 00123, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Aversano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, Naples, 80055, Italy.
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, 12071, Spain.
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Ren Y, Sadeghnezhad E, Leng X, Pei D, Dong T, Zhang P, Gong P, Jia H, Fang J. Assessment of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' Grape Quality Half-Véraison to Maturity for Grapevines Grown in Different Regions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054670. [PMID: 36902101 PMCID: PMC10002954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Grapes are widely cultivated around the world and their quality has distinct regional characteristics. In this study, the qualitative characteristics of the 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grape variety in seven regions, from half-véraison to maturity, were analyzed comprehensively at physiological and transcriptional levels. The results indicated that the quality traits of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grapes in different regions were significantly different with obvious regionality. Total phenols, anthocyanins, and titratable acids were the main factors of the regionality of berry quality, which were very sensitive to changes in the environment. It should be noted that the changes in titrating acids and total anthocyanin of berries vary greatly from half-véraison to maturity between regions. Moreover, the transcriptional analysis showed that the co-expressed genes between regions characterized the core transcriptome of berry development, while the unique genes of each region reflected the regionality of berries. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between half-véraison and maturity can be used to demonstrate that the environment of the regions could promote or inhibit gene expression. The functional enrichment suggested that these DEGs help to understand the interpretation of the plasticity of the quality composition of grapes according to the environment. Taken together, the information generated by this study could contribute to the development of viticultural practices aimed at making better use of native varieties for the development of wines with regional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Ren
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, Horticultural College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ehsan Sadeghnezhad
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, Horticultural College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiangpeng Leng
- Horticultural College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Dan Pei
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, Horticultural College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tianyu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, Horticultural College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Peian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, Horticultural College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Peijie Gong
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, Horticultural College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haifeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, Horticultural College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jinggui Fang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, Horticultural College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Horticultural College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Correspondence:
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Rogiers SY, Greer DH, Liu Y, Baby T, Xiao Z. Impact of climate change on grape berry ripening: An assessment of adaptation strategies for the Australian vineyard. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1094633. [PMID: 36618637 PMCID: PMC9811181 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1094633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Compressed vintages, high alcohol and low wine acidity are but a few repercussions of climate change effects on Australian viticulture. While warm and cool growing regions may have different practical concerns related to climate change, they both experience altered berry and must composition and potentially reduced desirable wine characteristics and market value. Storms, drought and uncertain water supplies combined with excessive heat not only depress vine productivity through altered physiology but can have direct consequences on the fruit. Sunburn, shrivelling and altered sugar-flavour-aroma balance are becoming more prevalent while bushfires can result in smoke taint. Moreover, distorted pest and disease cycles and changes in pathogen geographical distribution have altered biotic stress dynamics that require novel management strategies. A multipronged approach to address these challenges may include alternative cultivars and rootstocks or changing geographic location. In addition, modifying and incorporating novel irrigation regimes, vine architecture and canopy manipulation, vineyard floor management, soil amendments and foliar products such as antitranspirants and other film-forming barriers are potential levers that can be used to manage the effects of climate change. The adoption of technology into the vineyard including weather, plant and soil sensors are giving viticulturists extra tools to make quick decisions, while satellite and airborne remote sensing allow the adoption of precision farming. A coherent and comprehensive approach to climate risk management, with consideration of the environment, ensures that optimum production and exceptional fruit quality is maintained. We review the preliminary findings and feasibility of these new strategies in the Australian context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzy Y. Rogiers
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar, NSW, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Dennis H. Greer
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Yin Liu
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
- School of Agriculture Environmental and Veterinary Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Tintu Baby
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
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Toumi I, Zarrouk O, Ghrab M, Nagaz K. Improving Peach Fruit Quality Traits Using Deficit Irrigation Strategies in Southern Tunisia Arid Area. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131656. [PMID: 35807607 PMCID: PMC9269496 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The peach (Prunus persica L.) is one of Tunisia’s major commercial fruit crops and is considered one of the biggest water consumers of all crops. In warm and arid areas of southern Tunisia, irrigation is necessary to ensure orchard longevity and high yield and fruit quality. Nevertheless, under water-scarcity conditions and low water quality, water management should rely on efficient deficit irrigation strategies. In this study, sustained deficit irrigation (DI) and partial root-zone drying (PRD50) at 50% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) were evaluated for their impact on the primary and secondary metabolites of the peach fruit of early cultivar Flordastar grown in the Tataouine region. A full irrigation (FI) treatment at 100%, etc., was used as a control treatment. Color, dry-matter content, firmness, organic acids, sugars, phenolic compounds, vitamin C, β-carotene and minerals were assessed on harvested mature fruits. Dry-matter content and firmness increased significantly under DI and PRD50 (13% and 15.5%). DI fruit had the highest soluble-solid content (SSC), reaching Brix values of 14.3°. Fruit sorbitol and sucrose contents were not affected by Di and PRD50. Higher glucose in fruit juice was observed in PRD50 (23%) and DI (21.5%) compared to FI, which had the highest malic acid content (33.5–37%). Quinic and citric acids decreased with DI and PRD50, while almost all individual phenolic compounds increased with deficit irrigation. Hydroxycinnamates and anthocyanins were significantly higher in fruits harvested from DI and PRD50 treatments. Proanthocyanidins (catechin and epicatechin) were only improved by DI, while flavone compounds and vitamin C were not affected by irrigation restrictions. β-carotene was higher in fruits yielded under FI (0.71 mg/100 g DM) than DI and PRD50 (0.21–0.43 mg/100 g DM). Macro- and micronutrients significantly increased in DI and PRD50 fruit. A significant difference between DI and PRD50 fruits was observed for Zn and Fe concentrations. This research highlights the positive impact of reduced irrigation on bioactive-fruit quality attributes and the suitability of PRD50 and DI as tools for irrigation management in arid areas of southern Tunisia, contributing to water-saving in orchards and the improvement of fruit commercial value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Toumi
- Arid Regions Institute, University of Gabes, Route de Djorf, km 22.5, Medenine 4119, Tunisia;
- Correspondence: (I.T.); (O.Z.)
| | - Olfa Zarrouk
- Association SFCOLAB-Collaborative Laboratory for Digital Innovation in Agriculture, Rua Cândido dos Reis n° 1, Espaço SFCOLAB, 2560-312 Torres Vedras, Portugal
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Centre, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (I.T.); (O.Z.)
| | - Mohamed Ghrab
- Olive Institute, University of Sfax, BP 1087, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
| | - Kamel Nagaz
- Arid Regions Institute, University of Gabes, Route de Djorf, km 22.5, Medenine 4119, Tunisia;
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Nistor E, Dobrei AG, Mattii GB, Dobrei A. Calcium and Potassium Accumulation during the Growing Season in Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot Grape Varieties. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11121536. [PMID: 35736686 PMCID: PMC9229687 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) accumulation in grape berries during the growing season provided information on the productivity and quality of grape crops, considering that both elements have numerous physiological effects. The aim of the study was to determine and compare Ca and K accumulation in berries from ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ and ‘Merlot’ grape varieties influenced by the number of days after flowering (DAF) over three consecutive growing seasons (2019–2021) in Recaş vineyards, from Banat Region in Western Romania. Results showed that Ca accumulation in the berries continued at slow rates after veraison when water was available for both varieties; accumulation was observed mainly in the skin, suggesting translocation from the flesh. Regression analysis showed a strong dependence on the interval of 65–75 DAF for Ca accumulation in the skin. K accumulation increased after the onset of veraison until 70 to 90 DAF in both varieties, with higher accumulation in the flesh than in the skin. No significant differences were found among varieties regarding the Ca and K content during the study period. In both varieties, the relationship between sugar accumulation and the Ca/K content was highly significant. Given the importance of both elements, new data may contribute to establishing the optimum grape ripeness in relation to the sugar concentration in the berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Nistor
- Department of Horticulture, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (E.N.); (A.G.D.)
| | - Alina Georgeta Dobrei
- Department of Horticulture, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (E.N.); (A.G.D.)
| | - Giovan Battista Mattii
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy;
| | - Alin Dobrei
- Department of Horticulture, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (E.N.); (A.G.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-744-164-469
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Nutrient Management Effects on Wine Grape Tissue Nutrient Content. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11020158. [PMID: 35050046 PMCID: PMC8778823 DOI: 10.3390/plants11020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With limited research supporting local nutrient management decisions in North Carolina grape (Vitis vinifera) production, field studies (2015–17) were conducted to evaluate late season foliar nitrogen (N) application on leaf and petiole N concentration and yeast assimilable N (YAN) in the fruit. Foliar urea (1% v/v) was applied at different rates and application times beginning pre-and post-veraison. Compared to soil applied N, late season foliar N substantially enhanced petiole N and grape YAN. Smaller split N applications were generally more effective in increasing YAN than single larger N rates. These data demonstrate the value of assessing plant N content at full bloom with petiole N analysis or remote sensing to guide foliar N management decisions. Additional field studies (2008–11) were conducted to evaluate pre-bud soil applied phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) effects on petiole P and K nutrient status. Fertilizer P and K were initially broadcast applied (0–896 kg P2O5 ha−1; 0–672 kg K2O ha−1) prior to bud-break in 2008–09 and petiole P and K at full bloom soil test P and K were monitored for three to four years after application. Soil test and petiole P and K were significantly increased with increasing P and K rates, which subsequently declined to near unfertilized levels over the sampling time depending on site and P and K rate applied. These data demonstrate the value of annually monitoring petiole P and K levels to accurately assess plant P and K status to better inform nutrient management decisions.
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Monder H, Maillard M, Chérel I, Zimmermann SD, Paris N, Cuéllar T, Gaillard I. Adjustment of K + Fluxes and Grapevine Defense in the Face of Climate Change. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10398. [PMID: 34638737 PMCID: PMC8508874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine is one of the most economically important fruit crops due to the high value of its fruit and its importance in winemaking. The current decrease in grape berry quality and production can be seen as the consequence of various abiotic constraints imposed by climate changes. Specifically, produced wines have become too sweet, with a stronger impression of alcohol and fewer aromatic qualities. Potassium is known to play a major role in grapevine growth, as well as grape composition and wine quality. Importantly, potassium ions (K+) are involved in the initiation and maintenance of the berry loading process during ripening. Moreover, K+ has also been implicated in various defense mechanisms against abiotic stress. The first part of this review discusses the main negative consequences of the current climate, how they disturb the quality of grape berries at harvest and thus ultimately compromise the potential to obtain a great wine. In the second part, the essential electrical and osmotic functions of K+, which are intimately dependent on K+ transport systems, membrane energization, and cell K+ homeostasis, are presented. This knowledge will help to select crops that are better adapted to adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houssein Monder
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Morgan Maillard
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Isabelle Chérel
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Sabine Dagmar Zimmermann
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Nadine Paris
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Teresa Cuéllar
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398 Montpellier, France;
| | - Isabelle Gaillard
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
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Gutiérrez-Gamboa G, Mengyuan W, Moreno-Simunovic Y, Sun X, Fang Y. Potential opportunities of thinned clusters in viticulture: a mini review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:4435-4443. [PMID: 33611788 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Crop thinning is a common practice performed in the vineyard consisting of whole clusters or individual fruits being removed after flowering is attained. Current studies have reported that unripe grape products as verjuice and sour grape sauce contain high content of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, sugars, organic acids, nitrogenous compounds and sterols. This mini-review overviewed the bioactive components obtained from thinned unripe grapes such as phenolic compounds, sugars, organic acids, minerals, nitrogen compounds and sterols, and their use as antibrowning and whitening agents, natural catalysts, food preservative and food additive. In addition, their beneficial effects for human health also were reviewed, as well as the practices to maximize the extraction of antioxidant compounds. Therefore, revalorizing the waste from this management practice in viticulture can increase the vineyard sustainability and farmers' economic profits. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gastón Gutiérrez-Gamboa
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- College of Enology, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wei Mengyuan
- College of Enology, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | | | - XiangYu Sun
- College of Enology, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yulin Fang
- College of Enology, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Vondras AM, Lerno L, Massonnet M, Minio A, Rowhani A, Liang D, Garcia J, Quiroz D, Figueroa‐Balderas R, Golino DA, Ebeler SE, Al Rwahnih M, Cantu D. Rootstock influences the effect of grapevine leafroll-associated viruses on berry development and metabolism via abscisic acid signalling. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 22:984-1005. [PMID: 34075700 PMCID: PMC8295520 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine leafroll-associated virus (GLRaV) infections are accompanied by symptoms influenced by host genotype, rootstock, environment, and which individual or combination of GLRaVs is present. Using a dedicated experimental vineyard, we studied the responses to GLRaVs in ripening berries from Cabernet Franc grapevines grafted to different rootstocks and with zero, one, or pairs of leafroll infection(s). RNA sequencing data were mapped to a high-quality Cabernet Franc genome reference assembled to carry out this study and integrated with hormone and metabolite abundance data. This study characterized conserved and condition-dependent responses to GLRaV infection(s). Common responses to GLRaVs were reproduced in two consecutive years and occurred in plants grafted to different rootstocks in more than one infection condition. Though different infections were inconsistently distinguishable from one another, the effects of infections in plants grafted to different rootstocks were distinct at each developmental stage. Conserved responses included the modulation of genes related to pathogen detection, abscisic acid (ABA) signalling, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and cytoskeleton remodelling. ABA, ABA glucose ester, ABA and hormone signalling-related gene expression, and the expression of genes in several transcription factor families differentiated the effects of GLRaVs in berries from Cabernet Franc grapevines grafted to different rootstocks. These results support that ABA participates in the shared responses to GLRaV infection and differentiates the responses observed in grapevines grafted to different rootstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M. Vondras
- Department of Viticulture and EnologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Larry Lerno
- Department of Viticulture and EnologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mélanie Massonnet
- Department of Viticulture and EnologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Andrea Minio
- Department of Viticulture and EnologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Adib Rowhani
- Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Dingren Liang
- Department of Viticulture and EnologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jadran Garcia
- Department of Viticulture and EnologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Daniela Quiroz
- Department of Viticulture and EnologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Deborah A. Golino
- Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Susan E. Ebeler
- Department of Viticulture and EnologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Maher Al Rwahnih
- Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Dario Cantu
- Department of Viticulture and EnologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
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12
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Morata A, Loira I, González C, Escott C. Non- Saccharomyces as Biotools to Control the Production of Off-Flavors in Wines. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154571. [PMID: 34361722 PMCID: PMC8348789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Off-flavors produced by undesirable microbial spoilage are a major concern in wineries, as they affect wine quality. This situation is worse in warm areas affected by global warming because of the resulting higher pHs in wines. Natural biotechnologies can aid in effectively controlling these processes, while reducing the use of chemical preservatives such as SO2. Bioacidification reduces the development of spoilage yeasts and bacteria, but also increases the amount of molecular SO2, which allows for lower total levels. The use of non-Saccharomyces yeasts, such as Lachancea thermotolerans, results in effective acidification through the production of lactic acid from sugars. Furthermore, high lactic acid contents (>4 g/L) inhibit lactic acid bacteria and have some effect on Brettanomyces. Additionally, the use of yeasts with hydroxycinnamate decarboxylase (HCDC) activity can be useful to promote the fermentative formation of stable vinylphenolic pyranoanthocyanins, reducing the amount of ethylphenol precursors. This biotechnology increases the amount of stable pigments and simultaneously prevents the formation of high contents of ethylphenols, even when the wine is contaminated by Brettanomyces.
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13
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Walker RP, Bonghi C, Varotto S, Battistelli A, Burbidge CA, Castellarin SD, Chen ZH, Darriet P, Moscatello S, Rienth M, Sweetman C, Famiani F. Sucrose Metabolism and Transport in Grapevines, with Emphasis on Berries and Leaves, and Insights Gained from a Cross-Species Comparison. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7794. [PMID: 34360556 PMCID: PMC8345980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In grapevines, as in other plants, sucrose and its constituents glucose and fructose are fundamentally important and carry out a multitude of roles. The aims of this review are three-fold. First, to provide a summary of the metabolism and transport of sucrose in grapevines, together with new insights and interpretations. Second, to stress the importance of considering the compartmentation of metabolism. Third, to outline the key role of acid invertase in osmoregulation associated with sucrose metabolism and transport in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudio Bonghi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova Agripolis, 35020 Legnaro, Italy;
| | - Serena Varotto
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova Agripolis, 35020 Legnaro, Italy;
| | - Alberto Battistelli
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 05010 Porano, Italy; (A.B.); (S.M.)
| | | | - Simone D. Castellarin
- Wine Research Centre, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 0Z4, Canada;
| | - Zhi-Hui Chen
- College of Life Science, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK;
| | - Philippe Darriet
- Cenologie, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France;
| | - Stefano Moscatello
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 05010 Porano, Italy; (A.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Markus Rienth
- Changins College for Viticulture and Oenology, University of Sciences and Art Western Switzerland, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland;
| | - Crystal Sweetman
- College of Science & Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 5100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia;
| | - Franco Famiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy
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14
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Sabir F, Zarrouk O, Noronha H, Loureiro-Dias MC, Soveral G, Gerós H, Prista C. Grapevine aquaporins: Diversity, cellular functions, and ecophysiological perspectives. Biochimie 2021; 188:61-76. [PMID: 34139292 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
High-scored premium wines are typically produced under moderate drought stress, suggesting that the water status of grapevine is crucial for wine quality. Aquaporins greatly influence the plant water status by facilitating water diffusion across the plasma membrane in a tightly regulated manner. They adjust the hydraulic conductance of the plasma membrane rapidly and reversibly, which is essential in specific physiological events, including adaptation to soil water scarcity. The comprehension of the sophisticated plant-water relations at the molecular level are thus important to optimize agricultural practices or to assist plant breeding programs. This review explores the recent progresses in understanding the water transport in grapevine at the cellular level through aquaporins and its regulation. Important aspects, including aquaporin structure, diversity, cellular localization, transport properties, and regulation at the cellular and whole plant level are addressed. An ecophysiological perspective about the roles of grapevine aquaporins in plant response to drought stress is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Sabir
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Olfa Zarrouk
- Association SFCOLAB - Collaborative Laboratory for Digital Innovation in Agriculture, Rua Cândido dos Reis nº1, Espaço SFCOLAB, 2560-312, Torres Vedras, Portugal
| | - Henrique Noronha
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria C Loureiro-Dias
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Graça Soveral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hernâni Gerós
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal; Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Catarina Prista
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal; Departamento de Recursos Biologicos, Ambiente e Territorio (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
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15
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Gao P, Kasama T, Godonoga M, Ogawa A, Sone C, Komine M, Endo Y, Koide T, Miyake R. A needle-type micro-sampling device for collecting nanoliter sap sample from plants. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:3081-3091. [PMID: 33733702 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03246-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In plant research, measuring the physiological parameters of plants is vital for understanding the behavior and response of plants to changes in the external environment. Plant sap analysis provides an approach for elucidating the physiological condition of plants. However, to facilitate accurate sap analysis, a sampling device capable of collecting sap samples from plants is required. In this paper, a minimally invasive, needle-type micro-sampling device capable of collecting nanoliter (~ 91 nL) quantities of sap from plants is described. The developed micro-sampling system showed great reproducibility (3%) in experiments designed to assess sampling performance. As a proof of concept, sap samples were collected continuously from target plants with the micro-sampling system, and the dynamic changes in potassium ions, plant hormones and sugar levels inside plants were analyzed. The results demonstrated the feasibility of the micro-sampling device and its potential for developing a measurement system for plant research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Gao
- Microfluidic Integrated Circuits Research Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kasama
- Microfluidic Integrated Circuits Research Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maia Godonoga
- Microfluidic Integrated Circuits Research Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ogawa
- Department of Biological Production, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, 010-0195, Japan
| | - Chiharu Sone
- Department of Biological Production, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, 010-0195, Japan
| | - Masashi Komine
- Department of Biological Production, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, 010-0195, Japan
| | - Yoshishige Endo
- Microfluidic Integrated Circuits Research Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Koide
- Research Institute for Nanodevice and Bio Systems, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - Ryo Miyake
- Microfluidic Integrated Circuits Research Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan.
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16
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Ahumada GE, Catania A, Fanzone ML, Belmonte MJ, Giordano CV, González CV. Effect of leaf-to-fruit ratios on phenolic and sensory profiles of Malbec wines from single high-wire-trellised vineyards. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:1467-1478. [PMID: 32835409 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The single high-wire system is a free canopy trellis system suitable for warm to hot climates. In a global warming scenario, it arouses as a technological solution since it prevents berry overheating and sunburn. Canopy management practices manipulate leaf-to-fruit ratios, affecting berry and wine composition. We aimed to evaluate the phenolic and sensory profiles of Malbec wines from single high-wire trellised vineyards in a hot region in Mendoza (Argentina) and to assess the effect of varying leaf-to-fruit ratios on these attributes. We manipulated leaf-to-fruit ratios by varying shoot trimming (experiment 1: 0.45 m, 0.80 m, and untrimmed) and winter pruning severity (experiment 2: 16, 24, 32, and >32 countable buds per meter). We characterized wine attributes by a descriptive analysis, color by the CIELAB space, and global phenolics compounds and anthocyanins by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. RESULTS We found that wines where shoots were trimmed to 0.80 m or left untrimmed had similar and greater intensity of color, violet hue, astringency, and alcohol and a richer aroma profile than wines where shoots were trimmed to 0.45 m. Meanwhile, wines from 16 and >32 buds/m treatments (the latter simulating a box pruning) were similar to each other and had higher color intensity, violet hue, acidity, alcohol, and astringency and a more complex aroma profile than the other pruning treatments. CONCLUSIONS The best quality wines were achieved by leaving 16 or >32 buds/m and by trimming shoots to 0.80 m or leaving them untrimmed. The modulation of cultural practices in sprawling canopies offers the potential to produce wines with different styles in hot regions. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anibal Catania
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Luján de Cuyo, Argentina
| | - Martin L Fanzone
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Luján de Cuyo, Argentina
| | | | - Carla V Giordano
- Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones en Zonas Áridas, CONICET-UNCuyo-Gobierno de Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Carina V González
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza, FCA UNCuyo-CONICET, Luján de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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17
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Burbidge CA, Ford CM, Melino VJ, Wong DCJ, Jia Y, Jenkins CLD, Soole KL, Castellarin SD, Darriet P, Rienth M, Bonghi C, Walker RP, Famiani F, Sweetman C. Biosynthesis and Cellular Functions of Tartaric Acid in Grapevines. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:643024. [PMID: 33747023 PMCID: PMC7970118 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.643024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Tartaric acid (TA) is an obscure end point to the catabolism of ascorbic acid (Asc). Here, it is proposed as a "specialized primary metabolite", originating from carbohydrate metabolism but with restricted distribution within the plant kingdom and lack of known function in primary metabolic pathways. Grapes fall into the list of high TA-accumulators, with biosynthesis occurring in both leaf and berry. Very little is known of the TA biosynthetic pathway enzymes in any plant species, although recently some progress has been made in this space. New technologies in grapevine research such as the development of global co-expression network analysis tools and genome-wide association studies, should enable more rapid progress. There is also a lack of information regarding roles for this organic acid in plant metabolism. Therefore this review aims to briefly summarize current knowledge about the key intermediates and enzymes of TA biosynthesis in grapes and the regulation of its precursor, ascorbate, followed by speculative discussion around the potential roles of TA based on current knowledge of Asc metabolism, TA biosynthetic enzymes and other aspects of fruit metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Darren Chern Jan Wong
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Yong Jia
- Western Barley Genetic Alliance, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Kathleen Lydia Soole
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Simone Diego Castellarin
- Wine Research Centre, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Philippe Darriet
- Université Bordeaux, Unité de recherche OEnologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRAE, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Markus Rienth
- University of Sciences and Art Western Switzerland, Changins College for Viticulture and Oenology, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Bonghi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Robert Peter Walker
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Franco Famiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Crystal Sweetman
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
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18
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Lima MMM, Hernandez D, Yeh A, Reiter T, Runnebaum RC. Reproducibility of elemental profile across two vintages in Pinot noir wines from fourteen different vineyard sites. Food Res Int 2021; 141:110045. [PMID: 33641957 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The reproducibility of elemental profile in wines produced across vintages of 2015 and 2016 has been studied using grapes from a single scion clone of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot noir. Grapevines were grown on fourteen different vineyard sites, from Oregon to southern California in the U.S.A., which span distances from approximately hundreds of meters to 1450 km, while elevations range from near sea level to nearly 500 m. The number of elements quantified in the wines made from the 2016 vintage was thirty, by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). These data were compared with the twenty-seven elements quantified and previously reported in wines made from 2015 vintage, including twenty-four elements reported in both vintages. The composition of each element was analyzed by analysis of variance with main effect of vineyard. Wines were classified according to vineyard origin and environmental growing site with a combination of factors correlated with the wine elemental profile. The low variability (< 25%) of certain elements in wines from at least eight sites across both vintages, including Group 1 (Cs, K, Na and Rb), Group 2 (Ba, Ca, Mg and Sr), Group 3B (Eu), Group 13 (Al, B and Ga), Group 15 (As and P) and Co, Fe, Mn, Ni and V, demonstrated the reproducibility over the seasons analyzed (2015 and 2016). The comparison of elemental profile of wines across growing seasons demonstrates the opportunity to reproduce one key aspect of wine chemistry across vintages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisa M M Lima
- Department of Viticulture & Enology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Desmon Hernandez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Alexander Yeh
- Department of Viticulture & Enology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Taylor Reiter
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ron C Runnebaum
- Department of Viticulture & Enology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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19
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Ross KA, DeLury N, Fukumoto L, Diarra MS. Dried berry pomace as a source of high value-added bioproduct: drying kinetics and bioactive quality indices. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2020.1847144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. A. Ross
- Summerland Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, BC, Canada
| | - N. DeLury
- Summerland Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, BC, Canada
| | - L. Fukumoto
- Summerland Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, BC, Canada
| | - M. S. Diarra
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
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20
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Bigard A, Romieu C, Sire Y, Torregrosa L. Vitis vinifera L. Diversity for Cations and Acidity Is Suitable for Breeding Fruits Coping With Climate Warming. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:01175. [PMID: 33072139 PMCID: PMC7536366 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The selection of grapevine varieties is considered to be the smartest strategy for adapting the viticulture to climate warming. Present knowledge of the diversity of grape solutes known to be influenced by temperature is too limited to perform genetic improvement strategies. This study aimed to characterize the diversity for major cations (K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, NH4 +) of the Vitis vinifera fruit and their effect on acidity. Two developmental stages were targeted: the end of green growth, when organic acids reach a maximum, and the physiological ripe stage defined by the stopping of solutes and water import at the maximum volume of the berry. Twelve varieties and 21 microvines from the same segregating population were selected from preliminary phenotyping. The concentration of cations depended on the stage of fruit development, the genotype and the environment with GxE effects. In the ripe grape, K+ concentration varied from 28 to 57 mmol.L-1 with other cations being less concentrated. Combined with the variation in organic acids, cation concentration diversity resulted in titratable acidity of the ripe fruit ranging from 38 to 215 meq.L-1. These results open new perspectives for the selection of varieties to mitigate the adverse effects of climate warming on grape quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Bigard
- AGAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAe, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- UE INRAe de Pech Rouge, University of Montpellier, INRAe, Gruissan, France
| | - Charles Romieu
- AGAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAe, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- GENOVIGNE, University of Montpellier, IFV, INRAe, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Yannick Sire
- UE INRAe de Pech Rouge, University of Montpellier, INRAe, Gruissan, France
| | - Laurent Torregrosa
- AGAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAe, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- UE INRAe de Pech Rouge, University of Montpellier, INRAe, Gruissan, France
- GENOVIGNE, University of Montpellier, IFV, INRAe, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
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21
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Evaluating Alternatives to Cold Stabilization in Wineries: The Use of Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Potassium Polyaspartate, Electrodialysis and Ion Exchange Resins. Foods 2020; 9:foods9091275. [PMID: 32932844 PMCID: PMC7554854 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The tartaric stabilization of wines before bottling to avoid the precipitation of tartaric acid salts is an important and common step during wine production. The presence of precipitated salt crystals in bottled wines is detrimental to their quality and can even be a legal issue in some countries. Different methodologies are used in wineries to substitute the classical low-temperature stabilization process, which is an effective but costly process. This study comprises two years of experiments with red wines at an industrial scale. In the first year of the experiment, two subtractive methods (ionic exchange resins and electrodialysis) were tested, whereas two additive methods (potassium polyaspartate and carboxymethyl cellulose, both of them containing gum Arabic) were tested the second year. The tartaric stability of the wines, together with the oenological, chromatic and sensory characteristics, were followed during one year in the bottle. The results indicate that carboxymethyl cellulose and potassium polyaspartate (both combined with gum Arabic) were best at maintaining the sensory and chromatic characteristics during storage, with potassium polyaspartate providing a good tartaric stability to the treated wine and this wine being, in general, preferred in a sensory analysis test.
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22
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Mucalo A, Maletić E, Zdunić G. Extended Harvest Date Alter Flavonoid Composition and Chromatic Characteristics of Plavac Mali ( Vitis vinifera L.) Grape Berries. Foods 2020; 9:foods9091155. [PMID: 32825764 PMCID: PMC7555124 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study delivers a comprehensive flavonoid fingerprint profile, physiochemical and external color characterization of Plavac Mali grapes through four harvest dates at two distinct vineyards (Split and Zadar) in the Eastern Adriatic region. The experimental harvest lasted 56 days, at total soluble solids content from 18.4 to 22.4°Brix in Split and 16.8 to 20.4°Brix in Zadar. Patterns of 27 skin and seed flavonoid compounds at each location indicate unique flavonoid composition of berries at each harvest date. Extended harvest increased six compounds in skin with maximum values of main anthocyanin malvidin-3-O-glucoside in H3 (4406.6 and 6389.5 mg kg−1, Split and Zadar, respectively) followed by a decrease in October. Peak values of seed and skin catechins and galloylated flavan-3-ol subunits are seen in H1 and H2 at Split, while constantly high values are reported in the case of Zadar, with an incoherent pattern of those in skin extracts. Minimal values of epigallocatechin were detected with an extended harvest date at both locations. Berries of extended harvest dates underwent colorimetric improvements, trough decrease in L*, a*, b* and C characteristics and increase in skin color index for red grapes CIRG. The extended harvest date promotes flavonoid composition, and improves the quality of Plavac Mali grape berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mucalo
- Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-21-434-496
| | - Edi Maletić
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Zdunić
- Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia;
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Iuga M, Mironeasa S. Potential of grape byproducts as functional ingredients in baked goods and pasta. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:2473-2505. [PMID: 33336974 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Wine making industry generates high quantities of valuable byproducts that can be used to enhance foods in order to diminish the environmental impact and to obtain more economic benefits. Grape byproducts are rich in phenolic compounds and dietary fiber, which make them suitable to improve the nutritional value of bakery, pastry, and pasta products. The viscoelastic behavior of dough and the textural and the sensory characteristics of baked goods and pasta containing grape byproducts depend on the addition level and particle size. Thus, an optimal dose of a finer grape byproducts flour must be found in order to minimize the negative effects such as low loaf volume and undesirable sensory and textural characteristics they may have on the final product quality. In the same time, an enrichment of the nutritional and functional value of the product by increasing the fiber and antioxidant compounds contents is desired. The aim of this review was to summarize the effects of the chemical components of grape byproducts on the nutritional, functional, rheological, textural, physical, and sensory characteristics of the baked goods and pasta. Further researches about the impact of foods enriched with grape byproducts on the human health, about molecular interactions between components, and about the effects of grape pomace compounds on the shelf life of baked goods and pasta are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mădălina Iuga
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
| | - Silvia Mironeasa
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
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Rogiers SY, Greer DH, Moroni FJ, Baby T. Potassium and Magnesium Mediate the Light and CO 2 Photosynthetic Responses of Grapevines. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9070144. [PMID: 32605293 PMCID: PMC7407654 DOI: 10.3390/biology9070144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) deficiency are common stresses that can impact on grape yield and quality, but their effects on photosynthesis have received little attention. Understanding the diffusional and biochemical limitations to photosynthetic constraints will help to guide improvements in cultural practices. Accordingly, the photosynthetic response of Vitis vinifera cvs. Shiraz and Chardonnay to K or Mg deficiency was assessed under hydroponic conditions using miniature low-nutrient-reserve vines. Photosynthesis was at least partly reduced by a decline in stomatal conductance. Light and CO2-saturated photosynthesis, maximum rate of ribulose 1.5 bisphospate (RuBP) carboxylation (Vcmax) and maximum rate of electron transport (Jmax) all decreased under K and Mg deficiency. Likewise, chlorophyll fluorescence and electron transport were lower under both nutrient deficiencies while dark respiration increased. K deficiency drastically reduced shoot biomass in both cultivars, while root biomass was greatly reduced under both Mg and K deficiency. Taken together, these results indicate that the decrease in biomass was likely due to both stomatal and biochemical limitations in photosynthesis. Optimising photosynthesis through adequate nutrition will thus support increases in biomass with carry-on positive effects on crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzy Y. Rogiers
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (D.H.G.); (F.J.M.); (T.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Dennis H. Greer
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (D.H.G.); (F.J.M.); (T.B.)
| | - Francesca J. Moroni
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (D.H.G.); (F.J.M.); (T.B.)
| | - Tintu Baby
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (D.H.G.); (F.J.M.); (T.B.)
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25
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Oddo E, Abbate L, Inzerillo S, Carimi F, Motisi A, Sajeva M, Nardini A. Water relations of two Sicilian grapevine cultivars in response to potassium availability and drought stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 148:282-290. [PMID: 31986482 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the response of two Sicilian grapevine cultivars, Catarratto and Nero d'Avola, to potassium deficiency and drought stress. Two-year-old plants grafted on 1103 Paulsen were grown in agriperlite, with or without potassium in the fertigation solution for six weeks, and subjected to moderate drought stress by suspending irrigation for one week. Potassium content of leaves, roots and xylem sap were measured with an ion-selective electrode. Changes in stomatal conductance, stem and leaf water potential and hydraulic conductance were compared between genotypes and treatments. Potassium deficiency led to significant decreases in leaf potassium content in both cultivars and under both well-watered and drought stress conditions. Potassium content in xylem sap showed no significant differences between cultivars and was correlated with stem hydraulic conductance, particularly in the drought stress treatments. Under drought stress conditions, potassium availability led to an increase in stomatal conductance, particularly in Nero d'Avola. Both cultivars showed a rather isohydric behavior under these experimental conditions, and the level of isohydry varied with potassium availability. These results can be useful for the development of optimal fertigation practices and the selection of drought tolerant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Oddo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 20, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Loredana Abbate
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Corso Calatafimi 414, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simone Inzerillo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 20, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Carimi
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Corso Calatafimi 414, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Motisi
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Corso Calatafimi 414, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sajeva
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 20, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Nardini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Giorgieri 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy
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Duchêne É, Dumas V, Butterlin G, Jaegli N, Rustenholz C, Chauveau A, Bérard A, Le Paslier MC, Gaillard I, Merdinoglu D. Genetic variations of acidity in grape berries are controlled by the interplay between organic acids and potassium. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2020; 133:993-1008. [PMID: 31932953 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03524-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In a grapevine segregating population, genomic regions governing berry pH were identified, paving the way for breeding new grapevine varieties best adapted to a warming climate. As a consequence of global warming, grapevine berry acidity is expected to dramatically decrease. Adapting grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties to the climatic conditions of the future requires a better understanding of the genetic architecture of acidity-related traits. For this purpose, we studied during five growing seasons 120 individuals from a grapevine biparental cross. Each offspring was genotyped by simple sequence repeats markers and by hybridization on a 20-K Grapevine Illumina® SNP chip. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for pH colocalized with QTLs for the ratio between potassium and tartaric acid concentrations, on chromosomes 10, 11 and 13. Strong QTLs for malic acid concentration or for the malic acid-to-tartaric acid ratio, on chromosomes 6 and 8, were not associated with variations of pH but can be useful for controlling pH stability under high temperatures. Our study highlights the interdependency between acidity parameters and consequently the constraints and degrees of freedom for designing grapevine genotypes better adapted to the expected warmer climatic conditions. In particular, it is possible to create grapevine genotypes with a high berry acidity as the result of both high tartaric acid concentrations and low K+ accumulation capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric Duchêne
- SVQV, Univ. Strasbourg, INRAE, 68000, Colmar, France.
| | - Vincent Dumas
- SVQV, Univ. Strasbourg, INRAE, 68000, Colmar, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Isabelle Gaillard
- BPMP, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, SupAgro, 34000, Montpellier, France
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Villette J, Cuéllar T, Verdeil JL, Delrot S, Gaillard I. Grapevine Potassium Nutrition and Fruit Quality in the Context of Climate Change. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:123. [PMID: 32174933 PMCID: PMC7054452 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) nutrition is of relevant interest for winegrowers because it influences grapevine growth, berry composition, as well as must and wine quality. Indeed, wine quality strongly depends on berry composition at harvest. However, K+ content of grape berries increased steadily over the last decades, in part due to climate change. Currently, the properties and qualities of many fruits are also impacted by environment. In grapevine, this disturbs berry properties resulting in unbalanced wines with poor organoleptic quality and low acidity. This requires a better understanding of the molecular basis of K+ accumulation and its control along grape berry development. This mini-review summarizes our current knowledge on K+ nutrition in relation with fruit quality in the context of a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Villette
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Teresa Cuéllar
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Univ Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Verdeil
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Univ Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Serge Delrot
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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He Y, Li R, Lin F, Xiong Y, Wang L, Wang B, Guo J, Hu C. Transcriptome Changes Induced by Different Potassium Levels in Banana Roots. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E11. [PMID: 31861661 PMCID: PMC7020221 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Potassium plays an important role in enhancing plant resistance to biological and abiotic stresses and improving fruit quality. To study the effect of potassium nutrient levels on banana root growth and its regulation mechanism, four potassium concentrations were designed to treat banana roots from no potassium to high potassium. The results indicated that K2 (3 mmol/L K2SO4) treatment was a relatively normal potassium concentration for the growth of banana root, and too high or too low potassium concentration was not conducive to the growth of banana root. By comparing the transcriptome data in each treatment in pairs, 4454 differentially expressed genes were obtained. There were obvious differences in gene function enrichment in root systems treated with different concentrations of potassium. Six significant expression profiles (profile 0, 1, 2, 7, 9 and 13) were identified by STEM analysis. The hub genes were FKF1, HsP70-1, NRT1/PTR5, CRY1, and ZIP11 in the profile 0; CYP51 in profile 1; SOS1 in profile 7; THA, LKR/SDH, MCC, C4H, CHI, F3'H, 2 PR1s, BSP, TLP, ICS, RO, chitinase and peroxidase in profile 9. Our results provide a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the gene regulation network in banana roots under different potassium stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdui He
- College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (F.L.); (Y.X.); (L.W.); (B.W.)
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ruimei Li
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China;
| | - Fei Lin
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (F.L.); (Y.X.); (L.W.); (B.W.)
| | - Ying Xiong
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (F.L.); (Y.X.); (L.W.); (B.W.)
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China;
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (F.L.); (Y.X.); (L.W.); (B.W.)
| | - Bizun Wang
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (F.L.); (Y.X.); (L.W.); (B.W.)
| | - Jianchun Guo
- College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China;
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chengxiao Hu
- College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
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Villette J, Cuéllar T, Zimmermann SD, Verdeil JL, Gaillard I. Unique features of the grapevine VvK5.1 channel support novel functions for outward K+ channels in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:6181-6193. [PMID: 31327013 PMCID: PMC6859719 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), one of the most important fruit crops, is a model plant for studying the physiology of fleshy fruits. Here, we report on the characterization of a new grapevine Shaker-type K+ channel, VvK5.1. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that VvK5.1 belongs to the SKOR-like subfamily. Our functional characterization of VvK5.1 in Xenopus oocytes confirms that it is an outwardly rectifying K+ channel that displays strict K+ selectivity. Gene expression level analyses by real-time quantitative PCR showed that VvK5.1 expression was detected in berries, roots, and flowers. In contrast to its Arabidopsis thaliana counterpart that is involved in K+ secretion in the root pericycle, allowing root to shoot K+ translocation, VvK5.1 expression territory is greatly enlarged. Using in situ hybridization we showed that VvK5.1 is expressed in the phloem and perivascular cells of berries and in flower pistil. In the root, in addition to being expressed in the root pericycle like AtSKOR, a strong expression of VvK5.1 is detected in small cells facing the xylem that are involved in lateral root formation. This fine and selective expression pattern of VvK5.1 at the early stage of lateral root primordia supports a role for outward channels to switch on cell division initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Villette
- BPMP, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Teresa Cuéllar
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Jean-Luc Verdeil
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Gaillard
- BPMP, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
- Correspondence:
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30
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Coetzee ZA, Walker RR, Liao S, Barril C, Deloire AJ, Clarke SJ, Tyerman SD, Rogiers SY. Expression Patterns of Genes Encoding Sugar and Potassium Transport Proteins Are Simultaneously Upregulated or Downregulated When Carbon and Potassium Availability Is Modified in Shiraz (Vitis vinifera L.) Berries. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:2331-2342. [PMID: 31290973 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A link between the accumulation of sugar and potassium has previously been described for ripening grape berries. The functional basis of this link has, as of yet, not been elucidated but could potentially be associated with the integral role that potassium has in phloem transport. An experiment was conducted on Shiraz grapevines in a controlled environment. The accumulation of berry sugar was curtailed by reducing the leaf photoassimilation rate, and the availability of potassium was increased through soil fertilization. The study characterizes the relationship between the accumulation of sugar and potassium into the grape berry and describes how their accumulation patterns are related to the expression patterns of their transporter proteins. A strong connection was observed between the accumulation of sugar and potassium in the grape berry pericarp, irrespective of the treatment. The relative expression of proteins associated with sugar and potassium transport across the tonoplast and plasma membrane was closely correlated, suggesting transcriptional coregulation leading to the simultaneous translocation and storage of potassium and sugar in the grape berry cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelmari A Coetzee
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rob R Walker
- The Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, Adelaide, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, PMB 2, Glen Osmond, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Siyang Liao
- The Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, Adelaide, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, Australia
| | - Celia Barril
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, Australia
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, Australia
| | - Alain J Deloire
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Simon J Clarke
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stephen D Tyerman
- The Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, Adelaide, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, Australia
| | - Suzy Y Rogiers
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, Adelaide, Australia
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, Australia
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Amato A, Cavallini E, Walker AR, Pezzotti M, Bliek M, Quattrocchio F, Koes R, Ruperti B, Bertini E, Zenoni S, Tornielli GB. The MYB5-driven MBW complex recruits a WRKY factor to enhance the expression of targets involved in vacuolar hyper-acidification and trafficking in grapevine. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:1220-1241. [PMID: 31125454 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of secondary metabolites and the regulation of tissue acidity contribute to the important traits of grape berry and influence plant performance in response to abiotic and biotic factors. In several plant species a highly conserved MYB-bHLH-WD (MBW) transcriptional regulatory complex controls flavonoid pigment synthesis and transport, and vacuolar acidification in epidermal cells. An additional component, represented by a WRKY-type transcription factor, physically interacts with the complex increasing the expression of some target genes and adding specificity for other targets. Here we investigated the function of MBW(W) complexes involving two MYBs (VvMYB5a and VvMYB5b) and the WRKY factor VvWRKY26 in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Using transgenic grapevine plants we showed that these complexes affected different aspects of morphology, plant development, pH regulation, and pigment accumulation. Transcriptomic analysis identified a core set of putative target genes controlled by VvMYB5a, VvMYB5b, and VvWRKY26 in different tissues. Our data indicated that VvWRKY26 enhances the expression of selected target genes induced by VvMYB5a/b. Among these targets are genes involved in vacuolar hyper-acidification, such as the P-type ATPases VvPH5 and VvPH1, and trafficking, and genes involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids. In addition, VvWRKY26 is recruited specifically by VvMYB5a, reflecting the functional diversification of VvMYB5a and VvMYB5b. The expression of MBWW complexes in vegetative organs, such as leaves, indicates a possible function of vacuolar hyper-acidification in the repulsion of herbivores and/or in developmental processes, as shown by defects in transgenic grape plants where the complex is inactivated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Amato
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Erika Cavallini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Amanda R Walker
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mario Pezzotti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mattijs Bliek
- Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090GE, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Francesca Quattrocchio
- Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090GE, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald Koes
- Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090GE, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Benedetto Ruperti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Edoardo Bertini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Zenoni
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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32
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van Bel AJE, Musetti R. Sieve element biology provides leads for research on phytoplasma lifestyle in plant hosts. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:3737-3755. [PMID: 30972422 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phytoplasmas reside exclusively in sieve tubes, tubular arrays of sieve element-companion cell complexes. Hence, the cell biology of sieve elements may reveal (ultra)structural and functional conditions that are of significance for survival, propagation, colonization, and effector spread of phytoplasmas. Electron microscopic images suggest that sieve elements offer facilities for mobile and stationary stages in phytoplasma movement. Stationary stages may enable phytoplasmas to interact closely with diverse sieve element compartments. The unique, reduced sieve element outfit requires permanent support by companion cells. This notion implies a future focus on the molecular biology of companion cells to understand the sieve element-phytoplasma inter-relationship. Supply of macromolecules by companion cells is channelled via specialized symplasmic connections. Ca2+-mediated gating of symplasmic corridors is decisive for the communication within and beyond the sieve element-companion cell complex and for the dissemination of phytoplasma effectors. Thus, Ca2+ homeostasis, which affects sieve element Ca2+ signatures and induces a range of modifications, is a key issue during phytoplasma infection. The exceptional physical and chemical environment in sieve elements seems an essential, though not the only factor for phytoplasma survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aart J E van Bel
- Institute of Phytopathology, Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rita Musetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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Champ CE, Kundu-Champ A. Maximizing Polyphenol Content to Uncork the Relationship Between Wine and Cancer. Front Nutr 2019; 6:44. [PMID: 31114789 PMCID: PMC6502998 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have revealed conflicting results regarding the risk of cancer from alcohol consumption. Furthermore, some studies have suggested that wine may have benefits that separate it from other alcoholic beverages. As wine contains a significant amount of chemicals, specifically polyphenols like anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (PA), that can affect cellular function and promote health, this hypothesis is reasonably supported by recent research. Polyphenols promote several anticancer cellular pathways, including xenobiotic metabolism, support of innate antioxidant production, and stimulation of phase I and II detoxification of carcinogens. However, the multitude of growing and production conditions of grapes, including temperature, water availability, soil type, maceration, and aging can result in a remarkably varying final product based on the available literature. Thus, we hypothesize that wines produced from grapes cultivated between steady daily temperatures at 15–25°C with moderate sun exposure from flowering to harvest, lower vine-water status, resulting either from lower precipitation, and irrigation practices or more permeable soil types, limitation of fertilizers, extended maceration, and aging in oak will impact the concentration of anthocyanins and PA in the finished wine and may have a differential impact on cancer. This higher concentration of polyphenols would, in theory, create a healthier wine, thus explaining the conflicting reports on the benefits or harms of wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin E. Champ
- Cancer Prevention Project, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Colin E. Champ
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Martínez-Lüscher J, Plank CM, Brillante L, Cooper ML, Smith RJ, Al-Rwahnih M, Yu R, Oberholster A, Girardello R, Kurtural SK. Grapevine Red Blotch Virus May Reduce Carbon Translocation Leading to Impaired Grape Berry Ripening. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:2437-2448. [PMID: 30721055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) is suspected to alter berry ripening and chemistry. This study performed a physiological characterization of GRBV infected grapevines with attention to the factors leading to chemical changes during ripening of Cabernet Sauvignon in two rootstocks, 110R and 420A. RB(+) grapevines had transiently lower net photosynthesis; however, berry total soluble solids (TSS) accumulation was consistently reduced in the two years of study. Accumulation of anthocyanins and loss of titratable acidity and proanthocyanins were also delayed in RB(+) plants. However, the comparison of samples with the same TSS led to lower pH and anthocyanins content. The reduction in carbon import into berries under mild and transient reductions in carbon fixation suggested an impairment of translocation mechanisms with RB(+), leading into a desynchronization of ripening-related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Martínez-Lüscher
- Department of Viticulture and Enology and Oakville Experiment Station , University of California Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Cassandra M Plank
- Department of Viticulture and Enology and Oakville Experiment Station , University of California Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Luca Brillante
- California State University - Fresno , Department of Viticulture and Enology , 2360 Barstow Avenue , Fresno , California 93740 , United States
| | - Monica L Cooper
- University of California Cooperative Extension , 1710 Soscol Avenue , Napa , California 94559 , United States
| | - Rhonda J Smith
- University of California Cooperative Extension , 133 Aviation Boulevard , Santa Rosa , California 95403 , United States
| | - Maher Al-Rwahnih
- University of California Davis Foundation Plant Services , 455 Hopkins Road , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Runze Yu
- Department of Viticulture and Enology and Oakville Experiment Station , University of California Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Anita Oberholster
- Department of Viticulture and Enology and Oakville Experiment Station , University of California Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Raul Girardello
- Department of Viticulture and Enology and Oakville Experiment Station , University of California Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - S Kaan Kurtural
- Department of Viticulture and Enology and Oakville Experiment Station , University of California Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
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The Complex Fine-Tuning of K⁺ Fluxes in Plants in Relation to Osmotic and Ionic Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030715. [PMID: 30736441 PMCID: PMC6387338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As the main cation in plant cells, potassium plays an essential role in adaptive responses, especially through its involvement in osmotic pressure and membrane potential adjustments. K+ homeostasis must, therefore, be finely controlled. As a result of different abiotic stresses, especially those resulting from global warming, K⁺ fluxes and plant distribution of this ion are disturbed. The hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is a key player in responses to these climate stresses. It triggers signaling cascades that ultimately lead to modulation of the activities of K⁺ channels and transporters. After a brief overview of transcriptional changes induced by abiotic stresses, this review deals with the post-translational molecular mechanisms in different plant organs, in Arabidopsis and species of agronomical interest, triggering changes in K⁺ uptake from the soil, K⁺ transport and accumulation throughout the plant, and stomatal regulation. These modifications involve phosphorylation/dephosphorylation mechanisms, modifications of targeting, and interactions with regulatory partner proteins. Interestingly, many signaling pathways are common to K⁺ and Cl-/NO3- counter-ion transport systems. These cross-talks are also addressed.
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Meena VS, Zaid A, Maurya BR, Meena SK, Bahadur I, Saha M, Kumar A, Verma R, Wani SH. Evaluation of potassium solubilizing rhizobacteria (KSR): enhancing K-bioavailability and optimizing K-fertilization of maize plants under Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:36412-36424. [PMID: 30368711 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3571-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Imbalanced potassium (K) fertilization in agricultural fields has led to considerable negative impacts and remains to be the foremost challenge for maize production in India-Gangetic region. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, particularly potassium solubilizing rhizobacteria (KSR), could serve as inoculants and a promising strategy for enhancement of plant absorption of K hence reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers. Maize seeds were microbiolized for 30 min with KSR suspensions. In the present study, the use of chemical fertilizers along with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain OPVS10 showed pronounced beneficial effect on growth and yield attributes in maize. There was a significant difference among different parameters studied when varying doses of K and KSR strains were applied. Results showed that the combined application of KSR strain OPVS10 with 100% RDK (recommended dose of K) was most effective in modulating growth, physio-biochemical, and yield attributes in maize thus could be regarded as a promising alternative to mineral K-fertilization. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that 100-grain weight and grain yield were the most important properties to improve the sustainable growth of maize. Therefore, these KSR strains have different mechanisms for modulating various activities in maize plants. Results suggested that the synergistic application of KSR strain OPVS10 with 100% RDK can be used for optimized breeding, screening, and nutrient assimilation in maize crop. Hence, this eco-friendly approach may be one of the efficient methods for reducing dependency on chemicals, which pose adverse effects on human health directly and indirectly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Singh Meena
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
- ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan (VPKAS), Almora, Uttarakhand, 263601, India.
| | - Abbu Zaid
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Bihari Ram Maurya
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Sunita Kumari Meena
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agriculture Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - Indra Bahadur
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Madhumonti Saha
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra KrishiViswavidyalaya (BCKV), Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741252, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Rajhans Verma
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, SKNAU, Jobner-303329, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shabir H Wani
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Khudwani Anantnag-192101, Srinagar, J&K, India.
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Vidot K, Gaillard C, Rivard C, Siret R, Lahaye M. Cryo-laser scanning confocal microscopy of diffusible plant compounds. PLANT METHODS 2018; 14:89. [PMID: 30344615 PMCID: PMC6186079 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-018-0356-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The in vivo observation of diffusible components, such as ions and small phenolic compounds, remains a challenge in turgid plant organs. The analytical techniques used to localize such components in water-rich tissue with a large field of view are lacking. It remains an issue to limit compound diffusion during sample preparation and observation processes. RESULTS An experimental setup involving the infusion staining of plant tissue and the cryo-fixation and cryo-sectioning of tissue samples followed by fluorescence cryo-observation by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) was developed. This setup was successfully applied to investigate the structure of the apple fruit cortex and table grape berry and was shown to be relevant for localizing calcium, potassium and flavonoid compounds. CONCLUSION The cryo-approach was well adapted and opens new opportunities for imaging other diffusible components in hydrated tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Vidot
- UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, 44300 Nantes, France
- USC 1422 GRAPPE, INRA, Ecole Supérieure d’Agricultures, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 55 rue Rabelais, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Cédric Gaillard
- UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - Camille Rivard
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, 91192 Gif-Sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- UAR 1008 DPT CEPIA, INRA, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - René Siret
- USC 1422 GRAPPE, INRA, Ecole Supérieure d’Agricultures, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 55 rue Rabelais, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Marc Lahaye
- UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, 44300 Nantes, France
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Bigard A, Berhe DT, Maoddi E, Sire Y, Boursiquot JM, Ojeda H, Péros JP, Doligez A, Romieu C, Torregrosa L. Vitis vinifera L. Fruit Diversity to Breed Varieties Anticipating Climate Changes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:455. [PMID: 29765379 PMCID: PMC5938353 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The wine industry is facing critical issues due to climate changes since production is established on very tight Genotype × Environment interaction bases. While, some cultivation practices may reduce adverse effects of abiotic stresses on the vines, e.g., the use of irrigation to mitigate drought, the deleterious impacts of warming on fruit development are difficult to manage. Elevated temperature alters grapevine fruit growth and composition, with a critical increase of the sugars/organic acids ratio. Select grapes with improved metabolite balances to offset high temperature effects is a valuable option to sustain viticulture. Unfortunately, the lack of knowledge about the genetic diversity for fruit traits impacted by temperature impairs the design of breeding programs. This study aimed to assess the variation in berry volume, main sugars and organic acids amounts in genetic resources. Fruit phenotyping focused on two critical stages of development: the end of green lag phase when organic acidity reaches its maximum, and the ripe stage when sugar unloading and water uptake stop. For that purpose, we studied a panel of 33 genotypes, including 12 grapevine varieties and 21 microvine offspring. To determine the date of sampling for each critical stage, fruit texture and growth were carefully monitored. Analyses at both stages revealed large phenotypic variation for malic and tartaric acids, as well as for sugars and berry size. At ripe stage, fruit fresh weight ranged from 1.04 to 5.25 g and sugar concentration from 751 to 1353 mmol.L-1. The content in organic acids varied both in quantity (from 80 to 361 meq.L-1) and in composition, with malic to tartaric acid ratio ranging from 0.13 to 3.62. At the inter-genotypic level, data showed no link between berry growth and osmoticum accumulation per fruit unit, suggesting that berry water uptake is not dependent only on fruit osmotic potential. Diversity among varieties for berry size, sugar accumulation and malic to tartaric acid ratio could be exploited through cross-breeding. This provides interesting prospects for improving grapevine to mitigate some adverse effects of climate warming on grapevine fruit volume and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Bigard
- AGAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
- UE INRA de Pech-Rouge, University of Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier, France
| | - Dargie T Berhe
- UE INRA de Pech-Rouge, University of Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier, France
- SNNPRS, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Eleonora Maoddi
- AGAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Yannick Sire
- UE INRA de Pech-Rouge, University of Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Hernan Ojeda
- UE INRA de Pech-Rouge, University of Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier, France
- UE INRA de Vassal, Grapevine Biological Resource Centre, University of Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Péros
- AGAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Agnès Doligez
- AGAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Charles Romieu
- AGAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Torregrosa
- AGAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
- UE INRA de Pech-Rouge, University of Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier, France
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Wong DCJ, Zhang L, Merlin I, Castellarin SD, Gambetta GA. Structure and transcriptional regulation of the major intrinsic protein gene family in grapevine. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:248. [PMID: 29642857 PMCID: PMC5896048 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4638-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The major intrinsic protein (MIP) family is a family of proteins, including aquaporins, which facilitate water and small molecule transport across plasma membranes. In plants, MIPs function in a huge variety of processes including water transport, growth, stress response, and fruit development. In this study, we characterize the structure and transcriptional regulation of the MIP family in grapevine, describing the putative genome duplication events leading to the family structure and characterizing the family’s tissue and developmental specific expression patterns across numerous preexisting microarray and RNAseq datasets. Gene co-expression network (GCN) analyses were carried out across these datasets and the promoters of each family member were analyzed for cis-regulatory element structure in order to provide insight into their transcriptional regulation. Results A total of 29 Vitis vinifera MIP family members (excluding putative pseudogenes) were identified of which all but two were mapped onto Vitis vinifera chromosomes. In this study, segmental duplication events were identified for five plasma membrane intrinsic protein (PIP) and four tonoplast intrinsic protein (TIP) genes, contributing to the expansion of PIPs and TIPs in grapevine. Grapevine MIP family members have distinct tissue and developmental expression patterns and hierarchical clustering revealed two primary groups regardless of the datasets analyzed. Composite microarray and RNA-seq gene co-expression networks (GCNs) highlighted the relationships between MIP genes and functional categories involved in cell wall modification and transport, as well as with other MIPs revealing a strong co-regulation within the family itself. Some duplicated MIP family members have undergone sub-functionalization and exhibit distinct expression patterns and GCNs. Cis-regulatory element (CRE) analyses of the MIP promoters and their associated GCN members revealed enrichment for numerous CREs including AP2/ERFs and NACs. Conclusions Combining phylogenetic analyses, gene expression profiling, gene co-expression network analyses, and cis-regulatory element enrichment, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the structure and transcriptional regulation of the grapevine MIP family. The study highlights the duplication and sub-functionalization of the family, its strong coordinated expression with genes involved in growth and transport, and the putative classes of TFs responsible for its regulation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4638-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Chern Jan Wong
- Wine Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 0Z4, Canada
| | - Li Zhang
- Bordeaux Science Agro, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, UMR 1287, F- 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Isabelle Merlin
- Bordeaux Science Agro, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, UMR 1287, F- 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Simone D Castellarin
- Wine Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 0Z4, Canada
| | - Gregory A Gambetta
- Bordeaux Science Agro, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, UMR 1287, F- 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
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