1
|
Martínez-Ramos LM, Vázquez-Santana S, García-Franco J, Mandujano MC. Is self-incompatibility a reproductive barrier for hybridization in a sympatric species? Am J Bot 2024:e16309. [PMID: 38584339 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
PREMISE Barriers at different reproductive stages contribute to reproductive isolation. Self-incompatibility (SI) systems that prevent self-pollination could also act to control interspecific pollination and contribute to reproductive isolation, preventing hybridization. Here we evaluated whether SI contributes to reproductive isolation among four co-occurring Opuntia species that flower at similar times and may hybridize with each other. METHODS We assessed whether Opuntia cantabrigiensis, O. robusta, O. streptacantha, and O. tomentosa, were self-compatible and formed hybrid seeds in five manipulation treatments to achieve self-pollination, intraspecific cross-pollination, open pollination (control), interspecific crosses or apomixis, then recorded flowering phenology and synchrony. RESULTS All species flowered in the spring with a degree of synchrony, so that two pairs of species were predisposed to interspecific pollination (O. cantabrigiensis with O. robusta, O. streptacantha with O. tomentosa). All species had distinct reproductive systems: Opuntia cantabrigiensis is self-incompatible and did not produce hybrid seeds as an interspecific pollen recipient; O. robusta is a dioecious species, which formed a low proportion of hybrid seeds; O. streptacantha and O. tomentosa are self-compatible and produced hybrid seeds. CONCLUSIONS Opuntia cantabrigiensis had a strong pollen-pistil barrier, likely due to its self-incompatibility. Opuntia robusta, the dioecious species, is an obligate outcrosser and probably partially lost its ability to prevent interspecific pollen germination. Given that the self-compatible species can set hybrid seeds, we conclude that pollen-pistil interaction and high flowering synchrony represent weak barriers; whether reproductive isolation occurs later in their life cycle (e.g., germination or seedling survival) needs to be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda M Martínez-Ramos
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio A, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Sonia Vázquez-Santana
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo en Plantas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México
| | - José García-Franco
- Instituto de Ecología A. C. Red de Ecología Funcional, Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - María C Mandujano
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Franco-Estrada D, Barrios D, Cervantes CR, Granados-Aguilar X, Arias S. Phylogenetic and morphological analyses of Pilosocereus leucocephalus group s.s. (Cactaceae) reveal new taxonomical implications. J Plant Res 2022; 135:423-442. [PMID: 35305187 PMCID: PMC9081079 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-022-01384-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Pilosocereus is one of the Cactaceae family's most relevant genera in terms of the number of species and its wide geographical range in the Americas. Within Pilosocereus, five informal taxonomic groups have been recognized, one of which is P. leucocephalus group s.s., whose phylogenetic relationships remain unresolved. Therefore, our objectives are to recognize the circumscriptions of the species in P. leucocephalus group s.s. and to corroborate the monophyly and phylogenetic relationships of this group through a set of morphological and molecular characters. This study is based on representative sampling along the broad distribution of this group in Mexico and Central America using multivariate and phylogenetic analyses. The morphological characters identified to contribute to species recognition and group formation are branch diameter, areole length, the areole length-width ratio, the distance between areoles, the length of the longest radial spine, and branch and spines colors. The chloroplast markers rpl16, trnL-trnF, and petL-psbE and the nuclear marker AT1G18270 support the monophyly of the P. leucocephalus group s.s., and two probable synapomorphies are suggested, including one transversion in rpl16 and another in petL-psbE. Together, our results demonstrate that sampled species of P. leucocephalus group s.s. encompass six species distributed in Mexico and Central America: P. alensis and P. purpusii in the western region, P. chrysacanthus and P. collinsii in the central region, and P. gaumeri and P. leucocephalus in the eastern region. A taxonomic key to recognized species is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Franco-Estrada
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Duniel Barrios
- Grupo de Ecología y Conservación, Jardín Botánico Nacional, Universidad de La Habana, Carretera El Rocío km 3½, Calabazar, Boyeros, 19 230, Havana, Cuba
| | - Cristian R Cervantes
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Xochitl Granados-Aguilar
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Salvador Arias
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Franco FF, Amaral DT, Bonatelli IAS, Romeiro-brito M, Telhe MC, Moraes EM. Evolutionary Genetics of Cacti: Research Biases, Advances and Prospects. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:452. [PMID: 35328006 PMCID: PMC8952820 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a review of the studies of evolutionary genetics (phylogenetics, population genetics, and phylogeography) using genetic data as well as genome scale assemblies in Cactaceae (Caryophyllales, Angiosperms), a major lineage of succulent plants with astonishing diversity on the American continent. To this end, we performed a literature survey (1992–2021) to obtain detailed information regarding key aspects of studies investigating cactus evolution. Specifically, we summarize the advances in the following aspects: molecular markers, species delimitation, phylogenetics, hybridization, biogeography, and genome assemblies. In brief, we observed substantial growth in the studies conducted with molecular markers in the past two decades. However, we found biases in taxonomic/geographic sampling and the use of traditional markers and statistical approaches. We discuss some methodological and social challenges for engaging the cactus community in genomic research. We also stressed the importance of integrative approaches, coalescent methods, and international collaboration to advance the understanding of cactus evolution.
Collapse
|
4
|
Köhler M, Oakley LJ, Font F, Peñas MLL, Majure LC. On the continuum of evolution: a putative new hybrid speciation event in Opuntia (Cactaceae) between a native and an introduced species in southern South America. SYST BIODIVERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2021.1967510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matias Köhler
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- University of Florida Herbarium (FLAS), Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Luis J. Oakley
- Cátedra de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Red List Authority Coordinator for the Temperate South American Plant Specialist Groups – International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Gland, Switzerland
| | - Fabián Font
- Herbario Museo de Farmacobotánica “Juan A. Domínguez” (BAF), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. Laura Las Peñas
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Facultas de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba – CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lucas C. Majure
- University of Florida Herbarium (FLAS), Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cervantes CR, Hinojosa-Alvarez S, Wegier A, Rosas U, Arias S. Evaluating the monophyly of Mammillaria series Supertextae (Cactaceae). PhytoKeys 2021; 177:25-42. [PMID: 33967580 PMCID: PMC8099837 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.177.62915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Mammillaria (Cactaceae) taxonomy has been historically problematic due to the morphological variability and sympatry of the species. This has led to several proposals for infrageneric classification, including subgeneric, section and series categories. Mammillaria ser. Supertextae is one of 15 series and is made up of a variable set of species that are mainly distributed in southern Mexico and Central America. However, the phylogenetic relationships within M. ser. Supertextae and its relationship to other Mammillaria taxa are far from fully understood. Here we attempt to elucidate these relationships using complete terminal sampling and newly obtained chloroplast marker sequences and comparing them to Mammillaria species sequences from GenBank. Our phylogenetic analyses showed that M. ser. Supertextae comprises a well-supported monophyletic group that diverged approximately 2.1 Mya and has M. ser. Polyacanthae as its sister group; however, relationships within M. ser. Supertextae remain unresolved. The topology obtained within M. ser. Supertextae must also be interpreted under the distribution shared by these taxa, but it is difficult to differentiate ancestral polymorphisms from possible introgression, given the short time elapsed and the markers used. Our results show that the infrageneric units of M. haageana and M. albilanata can be considered independent evolutionary units. We also suggest that the relationship between M. haageana and M. albilanata is convoluted because their distribution overlaps (mainly towards southern Mexico), with genetic differences that possibly indicate they represent more than two taxonomic entities. One possible explanation is that there could still be gene flow between these taxa, and we might be witnessing an ongoing speciation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian R. Cervantes
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Silvia Hinojosa-Alvarez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. 64849, Mexico
| | - Ana Wegier
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Ulises Rosas
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Salvador Arias
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|