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Cybervictimization and Depression among Adolescents: Coping Strategies as Mediators. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073903. [PMID: 35409586 PMCID: PMC8998103 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown the relationships among cybervictimization, coping strategies, and depression, but no study has examined the mechanism that links the three variables. Accordingly, this study used the transactional model of stress and coping theory as a conceptual framework and proposed that coping strategies are mediators for the effects of cybervictimization on depression. A total of 387 adolescents were recruited by using the purposive sampling method. The results showed that cybervictimization is not directly associated with depression. All the coping strategies are found to be associated with cybervictimization, but only the avoidant coping strategy is the statistical mediator for the effects of cybervictimization on depression. This study’s findings suggest that the transactional model of stress and coping theory may provide a framework in the area of cyberbullying and recommend more actions to be taken in order to reduce the use of avoidance coping strategies among victims of cyberbullying.
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Kim SS, Craig WM, King N, Bilz L, Cosma A, Molcho M, Qirjako G, Gaspar De Matos M, Augustine L, Šmigelskas K, Pickett W. Bullying, Mental Health, and the Moderating Role of Supportive Adults: A Cross-National Analysis of Adolescents in 45 Countries. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604264. [PMID: 35392538 PMCID: PMC8980222 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Relationships with supportive adults during adolescence may be a protective factor that lowers the risks associated with bullying. The current study aimed to examine the moderating role of supportive adults in the associations between bullying involvement (in-person and cyber) and mental health problems (psychological symptoms and low life satisfaction).Methods: Data from 45 countries and regions taking part in the 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study (N = 230,757) were used. Multivariable Poisson regression models were used to estimate relative risks of bullying on mental health. Effect estimates were compared across the number of supportive adults to examine a possible cumulative protective effect of relationships with supportive adults.Results: Bullying involvement was consistently associated with poor mental health across the 45 countries. Risk of mental health problems associated with bullying involvement was greatest among students reporting relationships with multiple supportive adults. This was true for all indicators of bullying involvement.Conclusion: Bullying remains a prevalent and harmful experience for youth worldwide. Merely having supportive adults is not sufficient in protecting youth from experiencing the mental health risks associated with bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Seunghan Kim
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Samuel Seunghan Kim,
| | | | - Nathan King
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Ludwig Bilz
- Department of Health Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Alina Cosma
- Sts Cyril and Methodius Faculty of Theology, Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Psychology, Babes Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Michal Molcho
- Department of Children’s Studies, School of Education, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Gentiana Qirjako
- Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Tirana, Albania
| | - Margarida Gaspar De Matos
- Aventura Social, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- ISAMB, Medicine Faculty, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lilly Augustine
- CHILD Research Group, School of Education and Communication, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Kastytis Šmigelskas
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - William Pickett
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
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Houkamau C, Satherley N, Stronge S, Wolfgramm R, Dell K, Mika J, Newth J, Sibley CG. Cyberbullying Toward Māori Is Rife in New Zealand: Incidences and Demographic Differences in Experiences of Cyberbullying Among Māori. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2021; 24:822-830. [PMID: 34491836 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2020.0877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Previous research on cyberbullying has focused almost entirely on examining its prevalence among dominant ethnic populations, leaving it unclear how common cyberbullying is among indigenous peoples. Our study draws on a large sample of Māori adults aged 18-83 years (n = 6,529) who completed the questionnaire-based Māori Identity and Financial Attitudes Study in 2017. We analyzed reports of cyberbullying according to demographic characteristics, namely gender, age, sexual orientation, and multiple ethnic affiliations. On average, 19.3 percent of participants reported ever experiencing cyberbullying, and 4.1 percent reported experiencing cyberbullying within the past month. Young adults (aged 18-25) experienced the most, and incidences progressively declined among older cohorts. Women and those identifying as a minority sexual orientation reported higher rates of cyberbullying than men and heterosexuals. Those identifying as Māori as one of their multiple ethnicities reported higher rates of cyberbullying than those who identified as Māori only. Together, these findings provide a detailed investigation of the prevalence of cyberbullying in a large national indigenous sample. Previous data show that cyberbullying is common among adolescents and adults in New Zealand; however, our data indicate an even higher prevalence among the Māori. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed in light of Māori mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Houkamau
- Department of Management and International Business, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicole Satherley
- Department of Psychology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Samantha Stronge
- Department of Psychology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rachel Wolfgramm
- Department of Management and International Business, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kiri Dell
- Department of Management and International Business, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jason Mika
- Te Au Rangahau, Massey University Manawatu, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jamie Newth
- Department of Management and International Business, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chris G Sibley
- Department of Psychology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Motyka MA, Al-Imam A. Representations of Psychoactive Drugs' Use in Mass Culture and Their Impact on Audiences. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18116000. [PMID: 34204970 PMCID: PMC8199904 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Drug use has been increasing worldwide over recent decades. Apart from the determinants of drug initiation established in numerous studies, the authors wish to draw attention to other equally important factors, which may contribute to augmenting this phenomenon. The article aims to draw attention to the content of mass culture, especially representations of drug use in mass media, which may influence the liberalization of attitudes towards drugs and their use. The role of mass culture and its impact on the audience is discussed. It presents an overview of drug representations in the content of mass culture, e.g., in film, music, literature, and the occurrence of drug references in everyday products, e.g., food, clothes, and cosmetics. Attention was drawn to liberal attitudes of celebrities and their admissions to drug use, particularly to the impact of the presented positions on the attitudes of the audience, especially young people for whom musicians, actors, and celebrities are regarded as authorities. Indications for further preventive actions were also presented. Attention was drawn to the need to take appropriate action due to the time of the COVID-19 pandemic when many people staying at home (due to lockdown or quarantine) have the possibility of much more frequent contact with mass culture content, which may distort the image of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek A. Motyka
- Institute of Sociological Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Ahmed Al-Imam
- Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10001, Iraq
- Alumni Ambassador, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AD, UK
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +964-(0)-7714338199
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Grigore AN, Maftei A. Exploring the Mediating Roles of State and Trait Anxiety on the Relationship between Middle Adolescents' Cyberbullying and Depression. CHILDREN-BASEL 2020; 7:children7110240. [PMID: 33228089 PMCID: PMC7699363 DOI: 10.3390/children7110240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cyberbullying is a global problem with significant negative implications, especially among more vulnerable populations, such as adolescents. Previous research suggested that cyberbullying is significantly associated with depression, and anxiety seems to partially or fully mediate this relationship. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and the relationships between cyberbullying status (i.e., cyberbully, cyber victim, double role, or non-cyber), gender, and age. We also explored the mediating roles of state and trait anxiety on the relationship between adolescents' cyberbullying victimization, cyber-aggressiveness, and depression. Our sample consisted of 501 middle adolescents aged from 12 to 15 years (M = 14.00; SD = 0.80; 51.1% males). The results suggested no significant associations between participants' status, gender, or age. Mediation analyses suggested that the relationship between cyber-victimization, cyber-aggressiveness, and depression was mediated by state anxiety and not trait anxiety. We discuss the implications of the current findings in understanding cyberbullying's psychological consequences and their relevant practical implications for prevention and intervention programs.
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