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De Martino M, Rathmell JC, Galluzzi L, Vanpouille-Box C. Cancer cell metabolism and antitumour immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41577-024-01026-4. [PMID: 38649722 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that metabolic rewiring in malignant cells supports tumour progression not only by providing cancer cells with increased proliferative potential and an improved ability to adapt to adverse microenvironmental conditions but also by favouring the evasion of natural and therapy-driven antitumour immune responses. Here, we review cancer cell-intrinsic and cancer cell-extrinsic mechanisms through which alterations of metabolism in malignant cells interfere with innate and adaptive immune functions in support of accelerated disease progression. Further, we discuss the potential of targeting such alterations to enhance anticancer immunity for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara De Martino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Rathmell
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Claire Vanpouille-Box
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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2
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Sharma S, Kumar N, Rouse BT, Sharma K, Chaubey KK, Singh S, Kumar P, Kumar P. The role, relevance and management of immune exhaustion in bovine infectious diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28663. [PMID: 38596123 PMCID: PMC11002068 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune exhaustion is a state of immune cell dysfunction that occurs most commonly following chronic exposure to an antigen which persists after the immune response fails to remove it. Exhaustion has been studied most thoroughly with several cancers, but has also been observed in several chronic infectious diseases. The topic has mainly been studied with CD8+ T cells, but it can also occur with CD4+ T cells and other immune cell types too. Exhaustion is characterized by a hierarchical loss of effector cell functions, up-regulation of immuno-inhibitory receptors, disruption of metabolic activities, and altered chromatin landscapes. Exhaustion has received minimal attention so far in diseases of veterinary significance and this review's purpose is to describe examples where immune exhaustion is occurring in several bovine disease situations. We also describe methodology to evaluate immune exhaustion as well as the prospects of controlling exhaustion and achieving a more suitable outcome of therapy in some chronic disease scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- National Center for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-NRC on Equines, Sirsa Road, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Barry T. Rouse
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996-0845, USA
| | - Khushbu Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India
| | - Kundan Kumar Chaubey
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sanskriti University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 401, India
| | - ShoorVir Singh
- Department of Bio-technology, GLA University, Post-Chaumuhan, Dist. Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 406, India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India
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3
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Chang L, Zheng Y, Li S, Niu X, Huang S, Long Q, Ran X, Wang J. Identification of genomic characteristics and selective signals in Guizhou black goat. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:164. [PMID: 38336605 PMCID: PMC10854126 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09954-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guizhou black goat is one of the indigenous black goat breeds in the southwest region of Guizhou, China, which is an ordinary goat for mutton production. They are characterized by moderate body size, black coat, favorite meat quality with tender meat and lower odor, and tolerance for cold and crude feed. However, little is known about the genetic characteristics or variations underlying their important economic traits. RESULTS Here, we resequenced the whole genome of Guizhou black goat from 30 unrelated individuals breeding in the five core farms. A total of 9,835,610 SNPs were detected, and 2,178,818 SNPs were identified specifically in this breed. The population structure analysis revealed that Guizhou black goat shared a common ancestry with Shaanbei white cashmere goat (0.146), Yunshang black goat (0.103), Iran indigenous goat (0.054), and Moroccan goat (0.002). However, Guizhou black goat showed relatively higher genetic diversity and a lower level of linkage disequilibrium than the other seven goat breeds by the analysis of the nucleotide diversity, linkage disequilibrium decay, and runs of homozygosity. Based on FST and θπ values, we identified 645, 813, and 804 selected regions between Guizhou black goat and Yunshang black goat, Iran indigenous goat, and cashmere goats. Combined with the results of XP-EHH, there were 286, 322, and 359 candidate genes, respectively. Functional annotation analysis revealed that these genes are potentially responsible for the immune response (e.g., CD28, CD274, IL1A, TLR2, and SLC25A31), humility-cold resistance (e.g., HBEGF, SOSTDC1, ARNT, COL4A1/2, and EP300), meat quality traits (e.g., CHUK, GAB2, PLAAT3, and EP300), growth (e.g., GAB2, DPYD, and CSF1), fertility (e.g., METTL15 and MEI1), and visual function (e.g., PANK2 and NMNAT2) in Guizhou black goat. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that Guizhou black goat had a high level of genomic diversity and a low level of linkage disequilibrium in the whole genome. Selection signatures were detected in the genomic regions that were mainly related to growth and development, meat quality, reproduction, disease resistance, and humidity-cold resistance in Guizhou black goat. These results would provide a basis for further resource protection and breeding improvement of this very local breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingle Chang
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservative and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences and College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yundi Zheng
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservative and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences and College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservative and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences and College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Xi Niu
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservative and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences and College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Shihui Huang
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservative and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences and College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Qingmeng Long
- Guizhou Testing Center for Livestock and Poultry Germplasm, Guiyang, 550018, Guizhou, China
| | - Xueqin Ran
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservative and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences and College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China.
| | - Jiafu Wang
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservative and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences and College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China.
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4
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Yang H, Liu Z, Li R, Huang R, Peng X. The association between aspirin use and immune-related adverse events in specific cancer patients receiving ICIs therapy: analysis of the FAERS database. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1259628. [PMID: 38035011 PMCID: PMC10686414 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1259628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The promise of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy in cancer treatment is tempered by the occurrence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Many patients undergoing ICIs also take aspirin, but the association between aspirin and irAEs is not well understood. Methods: This study analyzed adverse reaction data associated with the use of ICIs in the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database, from the approval date of each drug until 1 October 2022. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to assess the association of aspirin use with irAEs in patients receiving ICIs. Results: The results indicated that aspirin use was associated with an increased risk of irAEs in a pan-cancer analysis, with a more pronounced association in specific cancer types such as lung cancer, mesothelioma, and pancreatic cancer. However, in lymphoma, aspirin use was associated with a reduced risk of irAEs. Furthermore, aspirin use was associated with an increased risk of certain irAEs, such as anemia, colitis, myocarditis, myositis, pancreatitis, pericarditis, and pneumonia, while it was associated with a reduced risk of rash, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and thyroiditis. Conclusion: This study has unveiled an association between aspirin use and irAEs in cancer patients receiving ICIs therapy, emphasizing the need for individualized consideration of patients' medication history when devising cancer treatment plans to enhance efficacy and reduce risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaju Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheran Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruidan Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rendong Huang
- Hangzhou Linan Guorui Health Industry Investment Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingchen Peng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Okagawa T, Konnai S, Goto S, Sajiki Y, Ganbaatar O, Watari K, Nakamura H, Wang CX, Tachibana T, Kato Y, Kameda Y, Kohara J, Terasaki N, Kubota M, Takeda A, Takahashi H, Suzuki Y, Maekawa N, Murata S, Ohashi K. Development of a high-affinity anti-bovine PD-1 rabbit-bovine chimeric antibody using an efficient selection and large production system. Vet Res 2023; 54:82. [PMID: 37759311 PMCID: PMC10537840 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01213-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint molecules PD-1/PD-L1 cause T-cell exhaustion and contribute to disease progression in chronic infections of cattle. We established monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that specifically inhibit the binding of bovine PD-1/PD-L1; however, conventional anti-PD-1 mAbs are not suitable as therapeutic agents because of their low binding affinity to antigen. In addition, their sensitivity for the detection of bovine PD-1 is low and their use for immunostaining PD-1 is limited. To address these issues, we established two anti-bovine PD-1 rabbit mAbs (1F10F1 and 4F5F2) and its chimeric form using bovine IgG1 (Boch1D10F1), which exhibit high binding affinity. One of the rabbit mAb 1D10F1 binds more strongly to bovine PD-1 compared with a conventional anti-PD-1 mAb (5D2) and exhibits marked inhibitory activity on the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. In addition, PD-1 expression in bovine T cells could be detected with higher sensitivity by flow cytometry using 1D10F1. Furthermore, we established higher-producing cells of Boch1D10F1 and succeeded in the mass production of Boch1D10F1. Boch1D10F1 exhibited a similar binding affinity to bovine PD-1 and the inhibitory activity on PD-1/PD-L1 binding compared with 1D10F1. The immune activation by Boch1D10F1 was also confirmed by the enhancement of IFN-γ production. Finally, Boch1D10F1 was administered to bovine leukemia virus-infected cows to determine its antiviral effect. In conclusion, the high-affinity anti-PD-1 antibody developed in this study represents a powerful tool for detecting and inhibiting bovine PD-1 and is a candidate for PD-1-targeted immunotherapy in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Okagawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoru Konnai
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Shinya Goto
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yamato Sajiki
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Otgontuya Ganbaatar
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kei Watari
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hayato Nakamura
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Cai-Xia Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taro Tachibana
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yayoi Kameda
- Division of Bioresources, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junko Kohara
- Animal Research Center, Agriculture Research Department, Hokkaido Research Organization, Shintoku, Japan
| | | | - Manabu Kubota
- Hokkaido Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Shibecha, Japan
| | - Akira Takeda
- Hokkaido Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Shibecha, Japan
| | | | - Yasuhiko Suzuki
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Division of Bioresources, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoya Maekawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shiro Murata
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ohashi
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- International Affairs Office, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Tiyamanee W, Konnai S, Okagawa T, Nojima Y, Ganbaatar O, Maekawa N, Hasebe R, Kagawa Y, Kato Y, Suzuki Y, Murata S, Ohashi K. Molecular characterization of immunoinhibitory factors PD-1/PD-L1 in sheep. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2023; 261:110609. [PMID: 37201379 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Sheep have been used as a large animal experimental model for studying infectious diseases. However, due to a lack of staining antibodies and reagents, immunological studies on sheep have not progressed. The immunoinhibitory receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1) is expressed on T lymphocytes. The interaction of PD-1 with its ligand PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) delivers inhibitory signals and impairs proliferation, cytokine production, and cytotoxicity of T cells. We previously reported that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway was closely associated with T-cell exhaustion and disease progression in bovine chronic infections using anti-bovine PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Furthermore, we found that blocking antibodies against PD-1 and PD-L1 restore T-cell functions and could be used in immunotherapy of cattle. However, the immunological role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in chronic diseases of sheep remains unknown. In this study, we identified cDNA sequences of ovine PD-1 and PD-L1 and examined the cross-activity of anti-bovine PD-L1 mAbs against ovine PD-L1 as well as the expression of PD-L1 in ovine listeriosis. The amino acid sequences of ovine PD-1 and PD-L1 share a high degree of identity and similarity with homologs from ruminants and other mammalian species. Anti-bovine PD-L1 mAb recognized ovine PD-L1 on lymphocytes in the flow cytometric assay. Furthermore, an immunohistochemical staining confirmed the PD-L1 expression on macrophages in the brain lesions of ovine listeriosis. These findings indicated that our anti-PD-L1 mAb would be useful for analyzing the ovine PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. Further research is needed to determine the immunological role of PD-1/PD-L1 in chronic diseases such as BLV infection through experimental infection of sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisa Tiyamanee
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoru Konnai
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Okagawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yutaro Nojima
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Otgontuya Ganbaatar
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoya Maekawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rie Hasebe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Suzuki
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Division of Bioresources, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shiro Murata
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ohashi
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; International Affairs Office, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Combined Immune Checkpoint Blockade Enhances Antiviral Immunity against Bovine Leukemia Virus. J Virol 2023; 97:e0143022. [PMID: 36598199 PMCID: PMC9888214 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01430-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus that causes enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) in cattle and is widespread in many countries, including Japan. Recent studies have revealed that the expression of immunoinhibitory molecules, such as programmed death-1 (PD-1) and PD-ligand 1, plays a critical role in immunosuppression and disease progression during BLV infection. In addition, a preliminary study has suggested that another immunoinhibitory molecule, T-cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3), is involved in immunosuppression during BLV infection. Therefore, this study was designed to further elucidate the immunoinhibitory role of immune checkpoint molecules in BLV infection. TIM-3 expression was upregulated on peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in BLV-infected cattle. Interestingly, in EBL cattle, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells infiltrating lymphomas expressed TIM-3. TIM-3 and PD-1 were upregulated and coexpressed in peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from BLV-infected cattle. Blockade by anti-bovine TIM-3 monoclonal antibody increased CD69 expression on T cells and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from BLV-infected cattle. A syncytium formation assay also demonstrated the antiviral effects of TIM-3 blockade against BLV infection. The combined inhibition of TIM-3 and PD-1 pathways significantly enhanced IFN-γ production and antiviral efficacy compared to inhibition alone. In conclusion, the combined blockade of TIM-3 and PD-1 pathways shows strong immune activation and antiviral effects and has potential as a novel therapeutic method for BLV infection. IMPORTANCE Enzootic bovine leukosis caused by bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is an important viral disease in cattle, causing severe economic losses to the cattle industry worldwide. The molecular mechanisms of BLV-host interactions are complex. Previously, it was found that immune checkpoint molecules, such as PD-1, suppress BLV-specific Th1 responses as the disease progresses. To date, most studies have focused only on how PD-1 facilitates escape from host immunity in BLV-infected cattle and the antiviral effects of the PD-1 blockade. In contrast, how T-cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3), another immune checkpoint molecule, regulates anti-BLV immune responses is rarely reported. It is also unclear why PD-1 inhibition alone was insufficient to exert anti-BLV effects in previous clinical studies. In this study, the expression profile of TIM-3 in T cells derived from BLV-infected cattle suggested that TIM-3 upregulation is a cause of immunosuppression in infected cattle. Based on these results, anti-TIM-3 antibody was used to experimentally evaluate its function in influencing immunity against BLV. Results indicated that TIM-3 upregulation induced by BLV infection suppressed T-cell activation and antiviral cytokine production. Some T cells coexpressed PD-1 and TIM-3, indicating that simultaneous inhibition of PD-1 and TIM-3 with their respective antibodies synergistically restored antiviral immunity. This study could open new avenues for treating bovine chronic infections.
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Jin K, Qian C, Lin J, Liu B. Cyclooxygenase-2-Prostaglandin E2 pathway: A key player in tumor-associated immune cells. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1099811. [PMID: 36776289 PMCID: PMC9911818 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1099811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenases-2 (COX-2) and Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which are important in chronic inflammatory diseases, can increase tumor incidence and promote tumor growth and metastasis. PGE2 binds to various prostaglandin E receptors to activate specific downstream signaling pathways such as PKA pathway, β-catenin pathway, NF-κB pathway and PI3K/AKT pathway, all of which play important roles in biological and pathological behavior. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which play as COX-2 inhibitors, and EP antagonists are important in anti-tumor immune evasion. The COX-2-PGE2 pathway promotes tumor immune evasion by regulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells, lymphocytes (CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells and natural killer cells), and antigen presenting cells (macrophages and dendritic cells). Based on conventional treatment, the addition of COX-2 inhibitors or EP antagonists may enhance immunotherapy response in anti-tumor immune escape. However, there are still a lot of challenges in cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we focus on how the COX-2-PGE2 pathway affects tumor-associated immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaipeng Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Qian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinti Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Bing Liu, ; Jinti Lin,
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Bing Liu, ; Jinti Lin,
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9
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Ikehata M, Konnai S, Okagawa T, Abe K, Honma M, Kitamura T, Maekawa N, Suzuki Y, Murata S, Ohashi K. In vitro evaluation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HOKKAIDO strain, effective lactic acid bacteria for calf diarrhea. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1145445. [PMID: 37089407 PMCID: PMC10113454 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1145445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Calf diarrhea adversely affects growth and sometimes results in mortality, leading to severe economic losses to the cattle industry. Antibiotics are useful in the treatment against bacterial diarrhea, but not against viral, protozoan, and antibiotic-resistant bacterial diarrhea. Therefore, there are growing requirements for a novel control method for calf diarrhea. Probiotics have been considered promising candidates for preventive and supportive therapy for calf diarrhea for many years. A recent study has revealed that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HOKKAIDO strain (Lp-HKD) reduces intestinal pathology and the severity of diarrhea in bovine rotavirus (BRV)-infected calves. Lp-HKD is known to enhance the function of human immune cells and expected to be used as probiotics for humans. Therefore, it is hypothesized that Lp-HKD modulates antiviral immune response in cattle and provide the clinical benefits in BRV-infected calves. However, the detailed mechanism of Lp-HKD-induced immunomodulation remains unknown. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the immunomodulatory and antiviral effects of Lp-HKD in cattle. Cultivation assay of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) showed that live and heat-killed Lp-HKD stimulates the production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) from PBMCs. Stimulation by heat-killed Lp-HKD yielded stronger cytokine production than stimulation by the live Lp-HKD. Additionally, CD14+ monocytes were identified as major producers of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 under Lp-HKD stimulation; however, IFN-γ was mainly produced from immune cells other than CD14+ monocytes. Depletion of CD14+ monocytes from the PBMCs cultivation strongly decreased cytokine production induced by heat-killed Lp-HKD. The inhibition of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2/4 signaling decreased IL-1β and IL-6 production induced by live Lp-HKD and IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ production induced by heat-killed Lp-HKD. Furthermore, live or heat-killed Lp-HKD also activated T cells and their production of IFN-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α. Then, culture supernatants of bovine PBMCs treated with heat-killed Lp-HKD demonstrated antiviral effects against BRV in vitro. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that Lp-HKD activates the functions of bovine immune cells via TLR2/4 signaling and exerts an antiviral effect against BRV through the induction of antiviral cytokines. Lp-HKD could be useful for the prevention and treatment of calf diarrhea through its immune activating effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Ikehata
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoru Konnai
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Satoru Konnai
| | - Tomohiro Okagawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Abe
- Hokkaido Research Station, Snow Brand Seed Co., Ltd., Naganuma, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Honma
- Hokkaido Research Station, Snow Brand Seed Co., Ltd., Naganuma, Japan
| | - Toru Kitamura
- Hokkaido Research Station, Snow Brand Seed Co., Ltd., Naganuma, Japan
| | - Naoya Maekawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Suzuki
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Division of Bioresources, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shiro Murata
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ohashi
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- International Affairs Office, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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10
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Prostaglandin E 2-Induced Immune Suppression via Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 in Paratuberculosis. Infect Immun 2022; 90:e0021022. [PMID: 36102658 PMCID: PMC9584316 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00210-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Paratuberculosis is a chronic enteritis of ruminants caused by the facultative intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. The Th1 response inhibits the proliferation of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis during the early subclinical stage. However, we have previously shown that immune inhibitory molecules, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), suppress M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-specific Th1 responses as the disease progresses. To date, the mechanism underlying immunosuppression during M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection has not been elucidated. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the function of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) expressed by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from cattle with paratuberculosis because CTLA-4 expression is known to be elevated in T cells under an M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis experimental infection. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis antigen induced CTLA-4 expression in T cells from cattle experimentally infected with M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Interestingly, both PGE2 and an E prostanoid 4 agonist also induced CTLA-4 expression in T cells. In addition, a functional assay with a bovine CTLA-4-immunogobulin fusion protein (CTLA-4-Ig) indicated that CTLA-4 inhibited gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production in M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-stimulated PBMCs, while blockade by anti-bovine CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody increased the secretion of IFN-γ and tumor necrosis factor alpha production in these PBMCs. These preliminary findings show that PGE2 has immunosuppressive effects via CTLA-4 to M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify in the future whether CTLA-4-mediated immunosuppression facilitates disease progression of paratuberculosis in cattle.
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11
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Taylor EN, Beckmann M, Hewinson G, Rooke D, Mur LAJ, Koets AP. Metabolomic changes in polyunsaturated fatty acids and eicosanoids as diagnostic biomarkers in Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP)-inoculated Holstein-Friesian heifers. Vet Res 2022; 53:68. [PMID: 36056402 PMCID: PMC9440510 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative organism of Johne's disease, a chronic granulomatous enteritis of ruminants. We have previously used naturally MAP-infected heifer calves to document metabolomic changes occurring in MAP infections. Herein, we used experimentally MAP-inoculated heifer calves to identify biomarkers for MAP infections. At 2-weeks of age, 20 Holstein-Friesian (HF) calves were experimentally inoculated with MAP. These calves, along with 20 control calves, were sampled biweekly up to 13-months of age and then monthly up to 19-months of age. Sera were assessed using flow infusion electrospray high-resolution mass spectrometry (FIE-HRMS) on a Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer for high throughput, sensitive, non-targeted metabolite fingerprinting. Partial least squares-discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) discriminated between MAP-inoculated and control heifer calves. Out of 34 identified metabolites, six fatty acyls were able to differentiate between experimental groups throughout the study, including 8, 11, 14-eicosatrienoic acid and cis-8, 11, 14, 17-eicosatetraenoic acid which were also detected in our previous study and so further suggested their value as biomarkers for MAP infection. Pathway analysis highlighted the role of the alpha-linoleic acid and linoleic acid metabolism. Within these pathways, two broad types of response, with a rapid increase in some saturated fatty acids and some n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and later n-6 PUFAs, became predominant. This could indicate an initial anti-inflammatory colonisation phase, followed by an inflammatory phase. This study demonstrates the validity of the metabolomic approach in studying MAP infections. Nevertheless, further work is required to define further key events, particularly at a cell-specific level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma N Taylor
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion, SY23 3DA, UK
| | - Manfred Beckmann
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion, SY23 3DA, UK
| | - Glyn Hewinson
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion, SY23 3DA, UK.,Centre of Excellence for Bovine Tuberculosis, Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion, SY23 3DA, UK
| | - David Rooke
- ProTEM Services Ltd, Horsham, RH12 4BD, West Sussex, UK
| | - Luis A J Mur
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion, SY23 3DA, UK.
| | - Ad P Koets
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, 8221 RA, Lelystad, The Netherlands. .,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Population Health Systems, Utrecht University, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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12
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Estradiol-induced immune suppression via prostaglandin E2 during parturition in bovine leukemia virus-infected cattle. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263660. [PMID: 35263339 PMCID: PMC8906636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune suppression during pregnancy and parturition is considered a risk factor that is related to the progression of bovine chronic diseases, such as bovine leukosis, which is caused by bovine leukemia virus (BLV). Our previous studies have demonstrated that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) suppresses BLV-specific Th1 responses and contributes to the disease progression during BLV infection. Although PGE2 reportedly plays important roles in the induction of parturition, PGE2 involvement in immune suppression during parturition is unknown. To investigate its involvement, we analyzed PGE2 kinetics and Th1 responses in BLV-infected pregnant cattle. PGE2 concentrations in sera were increased, whereas IFN-γ responses were decreased before delivery. PGE2 is known to suppress Th1 immune responses in cattle. Thus, these data suggest that PGE2 upregulation inhibits Th1 responses during parturition. We also found that estradiol was important for PGE2 induction in pregnant cattle. In vitro analyses indicated that estradiol suppressed IFN-γ production, at least in part, via PGE2/EP4 signaling. In vivo analyses showed that estradiol administration significantly influenced the induction of PGE2 production and impaired Th1 responses. Our data suggest that estradiol-induced PGE2 is involved in the suppression of Th1 responses during pregnancy and parturition in cattle, which could contribute to the progression of BLV infection.
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13
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Kamble N, Gurung A, Kaufer BB, Pathan AA, Behboudi S. Marek's Disease Virus Modulates T Cell Proliferation via Activation of Cyclooxygenase 2-Dependent Prostaglandin E2. Front Immunol 2022; 12:801781. [PMID: 35003129 PMCID: PMC8727754 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.801781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Marek’s disease virus (MDV), an avian alphaherpesvirus, infects chickens, transforms CD4+ T cells, and induces immunosuppression early during infection. However, the exact mechanisms involved in MDV-induced immunosuppression are yet to be identified. Here, our results demonstrate that MDV infection in vitro and in vivo induces activation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). This exerts its inhibitory effects on T cell proliferation at day 21 post infection via PGE2 receptor 2 (EP2) and receptor 4 (EP4). Impairment of the MDV-induced T cell proliferation was associated with downregulation of IL-2 and transferrin uptake in a COX-2/PGE2 dependent manner in vitro. Interestingly, oral administration of a COX-2 inhibitor, meloxicam, during MDV infection inhibited COX-2 activation and rescued T cell proliferation at day 21 post infection. Taken together, our results reveal a novel mechanism that contributes to immunosuppression in the MDV-infected chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angila Gurung
- The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom.,Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ansar Ahmed Pathan
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shahriar Behboudi
- The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
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14
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Taylor EN, Beckmann M, Villarreal-Ramos B, Vordermeier HM, Hewinson G, Rooke D, Mur LAJ, Koets AP. Metabolomic Changes in Naturally MAP-Infected Holstein-Friesian Heifers Indicate Immunologically Related Biochemical Reprogramming. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110727. [PMID: 34822384 PMCID: PMC8625860 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Johne’s disease, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), causes weight loss, diarrhoea, and reduced milk yields in clinically infected cattle. Asymptomatic, subclinically infected cattle shed MAP bacteria but are frequently not detected by diagnostic tests. Herein, we compare the metabolite profiles of sera from subclinically infected Holstein–Friesian heifers and antibody binding to selected MAP antigens. The study used biobanked serum samples from 10 naturally MAP-infected and 10 control heifers, sampled monthly from ~1 to 19 months of age. Sera were assessed using flow infusion electrospray–high-resolution mass spectrometry (FIE–HRMS) on a Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole–Orbitrap mass spectrometer for high-throughput, sensitive, non-targeted metabolite fingerprinting. Partial least-squares discriminant analyses (PLS-DA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) of the data discriminated between naturally MAP-infected and control heifers. In total, 33 metabolites that differentially accumulated in naturally MAP-infected heifers compared to controls were identified. Five were significantly elevated within MAP-infected heifers throughout the study, i.e., leukotriene B4, bicyclo prostaglandin E2 (bicyclo PGE2), itaconic acid, 2-hydroxyglutaric acid and N6-acetyl-L-lysine. These findings highlight the potential of metabolomics in the identification of novel MAP diagnostic markers and particular biochemical pathways, which may provide insights into the bovine immune response to MAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma N. Taylor
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion SY23 3DA, UK; (E.N.T.); (M.B.); (B.V.-R.); (H.-M.V.); (G.H.)
| | - Manfred Beckmann
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion SY23 3DA, UK; (E.N.T.); (M.B.); (B.V.-R.); (H.-M.V.); (G.H.)
| | - Bernardo Villarreal-Ramos
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion SY23 3DA, UK; (E.N.T.); (M.B.); (B.V.-R.); (H.-M.V.); (G.H.)
- Centre of Excellence for Bovine Tuberculosis, Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion SY23 3DA, UK
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Hans-Martin Vordermeier
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion SY23 3DA, UK; (E.N.T.); (M.B.); (B.V.-R.); (H.-M.V.); (G.H.)
- Centre of Excellence for Bovine Tuberculosis, Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion SY23 3DA, UK
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Glyn Hewinson
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion SY23 3DA, UK; (E.N.T.); (M.B.); (B.V.-R.); (H.-M.V.); (G.H.)
- Centre of Excellence for Bovine Tuberculosis, Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion SY23 3DA, UK
| | - David Rooke
- ProTEM Services Ltd., Horsham, West Sussex RH12 4BD, UK;
| | - Luis A. J. Mur
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion SY23 3DA, UK; (E.N.T.); (M.B.); (B.V.-R.); (H.-M.V.); (G.H.)
- Correspondence: (L.A.J.M.); (A.P.K.)
| | - Ad P. Koets
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands
- Population Health Systems, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (L.A.J.M.); (A.P.K.)
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15
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Sajiki Y, Konnai S, Ikenaka Y, Okagawa T, Maekawa N, Logullo C, da Silva Vaz I, Murata S, Ohashi K. Prostaglandin-related immune suppression in cattle. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2021; 236:110238. [PMID: 33857743 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PGs) are lipid mediators derived from arachidonic acid by several enzymes including cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2. We have previously shown that PGE2 regulates immune responses, such as Th1 cytokine production and T-cell proliferation, in cattle. However, it is still unclear whether other PGs are involved in the regulation of immune responses in cattle. Here, immunosuppressive profiles of PGs (PGA1, PGB2, PGD2, PGE2, PGF1α and PGF2α) were firstly examined using bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In addition to PGE2, PGA1 significantly inhibited Th1 cytokine production from PBMCs in cattle. Further analyses focusing on PGA1 revealed that treatment with PGA1 in the presence of concanavalin A (con A) downregulated CD69, an activation marker, and IFN-γ expression in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Sorted CD3+ T cells stimulated with con A were cultivated with PGA1, and IFN-γ and TNF-α concentrations decreased upon PGA1 treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that the treatment with PGA1in vitro inhibits T-cell activation, especially Th1 cytokine production, in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sajiki
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - S Konnai
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan; Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan.
| | - Y Ikenaka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan; Translational Research Unit, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-18 Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan; Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - T Okagawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - N Maekawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - C Logullo
- Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda and Laboratório Integrado de Morfologia, NUPEM-UFRJ, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - I da Silva Vaz
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, RS, Brazil
| | - S Murata
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan; Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - K Ohashi
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan; Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
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16
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Rambault M, Doz-Deblauwe É, Le Vern Y, Carreras F, Cunha P, Germon P, Rainard P, Winter N, Remot A. Neutrophils Encompass a Regulatory Subset Suppressing T Cells in Apparently Healthy Cattle and Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:625244. [PMID: 33717136 PMCID: PMC7952614 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils that reside in the bone marrow are swiftly recruited from circulating blood to fight infections. For a long time, these first line defenders were considered as microbe killers. However their role is far more complex as cross talk with T cells or dendritic cells have been described for human or mouse neutrophils. In cattle, these new roles are not documented yet. We identified a new subset of regulatory neutrophils that is present in the mouse bone marrow or circulate in cattle blood under steady state conditions. These regulatory neutrophils that display MHC-II on the surface are morphologically indistinguishable from classical MHC-IIneg neutrophils. However MHC-IIpos and MHC-IIneg neutrophils display distinct transcriptomic profiles. While MHC-IIneg and MHC-IIpos neutrophils display similar bacterial phagocytosis or killing activity, MHC-IIpos only are able to suppress T cell proliferation under contact-dependent mechanisms. Regulatory neutrophils are highly enriched in lymphoid organs as compared to their MHC-IIneg counterparts and in the mouse they express PDL-1, an immune checkpoint involved in T-cell blockade. Our results emphasize neutrophils as true partners of the adaptive immune response, including in domestic species. They open the way for discovery of new biomarkers and therapeutic interventions to better control cattle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Rambault
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, Nouzilly, France.,Institut de l'Elevage, Paris, France
| | | | - Yves Le Vern
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, Nouzilly, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aude Remot
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, Nouzilly, France
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17
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Sajiki Y, Konnai S, Ikenaka Y, Gulay KCM, Kobayashi A, Parizi LF, João BC, Watari K, Fujisawa S, Okagawa T, Maekawa N, Logullo C, da Silva Vaz I, Murata S, Ohashi K. Tick saliva-induced programmed death-1 and PD-ligand 1 and its related host immunosuppression. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1063. [PMID: 33441793 PMCID: PMC7806669 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The tick Rhipicephalus microplus is a harmful parasite of cattle that causes considerable economic losses to the cattle breeding industry. Although R. microplus saliva (Rm-saliva) contains several immunosuppressants, any association between Rm-saliva and the expression of immunoinhibitory molecules, such as programmed death (PD)-1 and PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1), has not been described. In this study, flow cytometric analyses revealed that Rm-saliva upregulated PD-1 expression in T cells and PD-L1 expression in CD14+ and CD11c+ cells in cattle. Additionally, Rm-saliva decreased CD69 expression in T cells and Th1 cytokine production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Furthermore, PD-L1 blockade increased IFN-γ production in the presence of Rm-saliva, suggesting that Rm-saliva suppresses Th1 responses via the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. To reveal the upregulation mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 by Rm-saliva, we analyzed the function of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which is known as an inducer of PD-L1 expression, in Rm-saliva. We found that Rm-saliva contained a high concentration of PGE2, and PGE2 treatment induced PD-L1 expression in CD14+ cells in vitro. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that PGE2 and PD-L1 expression was upregulated in tick-attached skin in cattle. These data suggest that PGE2 in Rm-saliva has the potential to induce the expression of immunoinhibitory molecules in host immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamato Sajiki
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Satoru Konnai
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan. .,Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Ikenaka
- Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Kobayashi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Luís Fernando Parizi
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Benvindo Capela João
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Kei Watari
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Sotaro Fujisawa
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Okagawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Naoya Maekawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Carlos Logullo
- Laboratório Integrado de Bioquímica Hatisaburo Masuda and Laboratório Integrado de Morfologia, NUPEM-UFRJ, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - Itabajara da Silva Vaz
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Shiro Murata
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan.,Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ohashi
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan.,Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
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18
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Sajiki Y, Konnai S, Nagata R, Kawaji S, Nakamura H, Fujisawa S, Okagawa T, Maekawa N, Kato Y, Suzuki Y, Murata S, Mori Y, Ohashi K. The enhancement of Th1 immune response by anti-PD-L1 antibody in cattle infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 83:162-166. [PMID: 33281144 PMCID: PMC7972883 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Johne's disease, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is a chronic enteritis of ruminants. Previous studies have shown that programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is associated with the disease progression, and PD-L1 blockade activates MAP-specific Th1 responses in vitro. Here, we performed anti-PD-L1 antibody administration using 2 MAP-infected cattle at the late subclinical stage of infection. After administration, bacterial shedding was reduced or maintained at a low level. Additionally, MAP-specific Th1 cytokine production was upregulated, and CD69 expression was increased in T cells. Collectively, the treatment has a potential as a novel control method against Johne's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamato Sajiki
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Satoru Konnai
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan.,Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Reiko Nagata
- Bacterial and Parasitic Disease Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
| | - Satoko Kawaji
- Bacterial and Parasitic Disease Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
| | - Hayato Nakamura
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Sotaro Fujisawa
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Okagawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Naoya Maekawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.,New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Suzuki
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan.,Division of Bioresources, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0019, Japan
| | - Shiro Murata
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan.,Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Mori
- Bacterial and Parasitic Disease Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ohashi
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan.,Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
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19
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Sajiki Y, Konnai S, Goto S, Okagawa T, Ohira K, Shimakura H, Maekawa N, Gondaira S, Higuchi H, Tajima M, Hirano Y, Kohara J, Murata S, Ohashi K. The Suppression of Th1 Response by Inducing TGF-β1 From Regulatory T Cells in Bovine Mycoplasmosis. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:609443. [PMID: 33344537 PMCID: PMC7738317 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.609443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) regulate immune responses and maintain host immune homeostasis. Tregs contribute to the disease progression of several chronic infections by oversuppressing immune responses via the secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines, such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and interleukin-10. In the present study, we examined the association of Tregs with Mycoplasma bovis infection, in which immunosuppression is frequently observed. Compared with uninfected cattle, the percentage of Tregs, CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ T cells, was increased in M. bovis-infected cattle. Additionally, the plasma of M. bovis-infected cattle contained the high concentrations of TGF-β1, and M. bovis infection induced TGF-β1 production from bovine immune cells in in vitro cultures. Finally, we analyzed the immunosuppressive effects of TGF-β1 on bovine immune cells. Treatment with TGF-β1 significantly decreased the expression of CD69, an activation marker, in T cells, and Th1 cytokine production in vitro. These results suggest that the increase in Tregs and TGF-β1 secretion could be one of the immunosuppressive mechanisms and that lead to increased susceptibility to other infections in terms of exacerbation of disease during M. bovis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamato Sajiki
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoru Konnai
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinya Goto
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Okagawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ohira
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Honami Shimakura
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoya Maekawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Gondaira
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Higuchi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Motoshi Tajima
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Yuki Hirano
- Animal Research Center, Agriculture Research Department, Hokkaido Research Organization, Shintoku, Japan
| | - Junko Kohara
- Animal Research Center, Agriculture Research Department, Hokkaido Research Organization, Shintoku, Japan
| | - Shiro Murata
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ohashi
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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20
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Persistence in Livestock Mycoplasmas—a Key Role in Infection and Pathogenesis. CURRENT CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40588-020-00149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Mycoplasma, economically important pathogens in livestock, often establishes immunologically complex persistent infections that drive their pathogenesis and complicate prophylaxis and therapy of the caused diseases. In this review, we summarize some of the recent findings concerning cellular and molecular persistence mechanisms related to the pathogenesis of mycoplasma infections in livestock.
Recent Findings
Data from recent studies prove several mechanisms including intracellular lifestyle, immune dysregulation, and autoimmunity as well as microcolony and biofilm formation and apoptosis of different host cell types as important persistence mechanisms in several clinically significant Mycoplasma species, i.e., M. bovis, M. gallisepticum, M. hyopneumoniae, and M. suis.
Summary
Evasion of the immune system and the establishment of persistent infections are key features in the pathogenesis of livestock mycoplasmas. In-depth knowledge of the underlying mechanisms will provide the basis for the development of therapy and prophylaxis strategies against mycoplasma infections.
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