1
|
Bertran A, Morbiato L, Sawyer J, Dalla Torre C, Heyes DJ, Hay S, Timmel CR, Di Valentin M, De Zotti M, Bowen AM. Direct Comparison between Förster Resonance Energy Transfer and Light-Induced Triplet-Triplet Electron Resonance Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22859-22865. [PMID: 37839071 PMCID: PMC10603778 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
To carry out reliable and comprehensive structural investigations, the exploitation of different complementary techniques is required. Here, we report that dual triplet-spin/fluorescent labels enable the first parallel distance measurements by electron spin resonance (ESR) and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) on exactly the same molecules with orthogonal chromophores, allowing for direct comparison. An improved light-induced triplet-triplet electron resonance method with 2-color excitation is used, improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the data and yielding a distance distribution that provides greater insight than the single distance resulting from FRET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Bertran
- Centre
for Advanced Electron Spin Resonance and Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Morbiato
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Jack Sawyer
- The
National Research Facility for Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, Department
of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Photon Science
Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Dalla Torre
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Derren J. Heyes
- The
National Research Facility for Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, Department
of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Photon Science
Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Hay
- The
National Research Facility for Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, Department
of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Photon Science
Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Christiane R. Timmel
- Centre
for Advanced Electron Spin Resonance and Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Marilena Di Valentin
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Centro
Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Centro Studi di Economia e
Tecnica dell’energia Giorgio Levi Cases”, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marta De Zotti
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Centro
Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Centro Studi di Economia e
Tecnica dell’energia Giorgio Levi Cases”, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alice M. Bowen
- The
National Research Facility for Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, Department
of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Photon Science
Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hawas S, Qin J, Wiedbrauk S, Fairfull-Smith K, Totsika M. Preclinical Evaluation of Nitroxide-Functionalised Ciprofloxacin as a Novel Antibiofilm Drug Hybrid for Urinary Tract Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1479. [PMID: 37887180 PMCID: PMC10604439 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12101479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the second most common bacterial infection with high recurrence rates and can involve biofilm formation on patient catheters. Biofilms are inherently tolerant to antimicrobials, making them difficult to eradicate. Many antibiofilm agents alone do not have bactericidal activity; therefore, linking them to antibiotics is a promising antibiofilm strategy. However, many of these hybrid agents have not been tested in relevant preclinical settings, limiting their potential for clinical translation. Here, we evaluate a ciprofloxacin di-nitroxide hybrid (CDN11), previously reported to have antibiofilm activity against uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strain UTI89 in vitro, as a potential UTI therapeutic using multiple preclinical models that reflect various aspects of UTI pathogenesis. We report improved in vitro activity over the parent drug ciprofloxacin against mature UTI89 biofilms formed inside polyethylene catheters. In bladder cell monolayers infected with UTI89, treatment with CDN11 afforded significant reduction in bacterial titers, including intracellular UPEC. Infected mouse bladders containing biofilm-like intracellular reservoirs of UPEC UTI89 showed decreased bacterial loads after ex vivo bladder treatment with CDN11. Activity for CDN11 was reported across different models of UTI, showcasing nitroxide-antibiotic hybridization as a promising antibiofilm approach. The pipeline we described here could be readily used in testing other new therapeutic compounds, fast-tracking the development of novel antibiofilm therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Hawas
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; (S.H.); (J.Q.)
- Max Planck Queensland Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Jilong Qin
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; (S.H.); (J.Q.)
| | - Sandra Wiedbrauk
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; (S.W.); (K.F.-S.)
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Kathryn Fairfull-Smith
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; (S.W.); (K.F.-S.)
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Makrina Totsika
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; (S.H.); (J.Q.)
- Max Planck Queensland Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Exploration of Spirocyclic Derivatives of Ciprofloxacin as Antibacterial Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154864. [PMID: 35956812 PMCID: PMC9370040 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The previously reported as well as newly synthesized derivatives of the 1-oxa-9-azaspiro[5.5]undecane were employed in the synthesis of thirty-six derivatives of ciprofloxacin using commercially available 7-chloro-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid and the literature protocol involving the preparation of boron chelate complex to facilitate nucleophilic aromatic substitution. All new fluoroquinolone derivatives were tested against two gram-positive as well as three gram-negative strains of bacteria. With the activity spectrum of the new derivatives being substantially narrower than that of ciprofloxacin, compounds were distinctly active against two of the five strains: gram-negative Acinetobacter baumannii 987® and gram-positive Bacillus cereus 138®. Towards these two strains, a large group of compounds displayed equal or higher potency than ciprofloxacin.
Collapse
|
4
|
Verderosa A, Hawas S, Harris J, Totsika M, Fairfull-Smith KE. Isothiazolone-Nitroxide Hybrids with Activity against Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:5300-5310. [PMID: 35187345 PMCID: PMC8851655 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Isothiazolones are widely used as biocides in industrial processing systems and personal care products, but their use to treat infections in humans has been hampered by their inherent cytotoxicity. Herein, we report a strategy to alleviate isothiazolone toxicity and improve antibacterial and antibiofilm potency by functionalization with a nitroxide moiety. Isothiazolone-nitroxide hybrids 6 and 22 were prepared over three steps in moderate yields (58 and 36%, respectively) from (Z)-3-(benzylsulfanyl)-propenoic acid. Hybrid 22 displayed better activity (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 35 μM) than the widely used methylisothiazolinone (MIT 1, MIC = 280 μM) against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Hybrid 22 was even more active against drug-resistant strains, such as vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA, MIC = 8.75 μM) over MIT 1 (MIC = 280 μM). The enhanced antibacterial activity of hybrid 22 over MIT 1 was retained against established MSSA and VRSA biofilms, with minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) values of 35 and 70 μM, respectively, for 22 (the MBEC value for MIT 1 against both strains was ≥280 μM). No toxicity was observed in human epithelial T24 cells treated with hybrid 22 in concentrations up to 560 μM using a lactate dehydrogenase assay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony
D. Verderosa
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control,
Faculty of Health, Queensland University
of Technology, 300 Herston Rd, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Sophia Hawas
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control,
Faculty of Health, Queensland University
of Technology, 300 Herston Rd, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Jessica Harris
- School
of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Materials Science, Faculty of
Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Makrina Totsika
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control,
Faculty of Health, Queensland University
of Technology, 300 Herston Rd, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Kathryn E. Fairfull-Smith
- School
of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Materials Science, Faculty of
Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Verderosa AD, Dhouib R, Fairfull-Smith KE, Totsika M. Nitroxide Functionalized Antibiotics Are Promising Eradication Agents against Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 64:e01685-19. [PMID: 31636066 PMCID: PMC7187575 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01685-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of biofilm-related Staphylococcus aureus infections represents an important medical challenge worldwide, as biofilms, even those involving drug-susceptible S. aureus strains, are highly refractory to conventional antibiotic therapy. Nitroxides were recently shown to induce the dispersal of Gram-negative biofilms in vitro, but their action against Gram-positive bacterial biofilms remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the biofilm dispersal activity of nitroxides extends to S. aureus, a clinically important Gram-positive pathogen. Coadministration of the nitroxide CTEMPO (4-carboxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yloxyl) with ciprofloxacin significantly improved the biofilm eradication activity of the antibiotic against S. aureus Moreover, covalently linking the nitroxide to the antibiotic moiety further reduced the ciprofloxacin minimal biofilm eradication concentration. Microscopy analysis revealed that fluorescent nitroxide-antibiotic hybrids could penetrate S. aureus biofilms and enter cells localized at the surface and base of the biofilm structure. No toxicity to human cells was observed for the nitroxide CTEMPO or the nitroxide-antibiotic hybrids. Taken together, our results show that nitroxides can mediate the dispersal of Gram-positive biofilms and that dual-acting biofilm eradication antibiotics may provide broad-spectrum therapies for the treatment of biofilm-related infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D Verderosa
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rabeb Dhouib
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kathryn E Fairfull-Smith
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Makrina Totsika
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Verderosa AD, Totsika M, Fairfull-Smith KE. Bacterial Biofilm Eradication Agents: A Current Review. Front Chem 2019; 7:824. [PMID: 31850313 PMCID: PMC6893625 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most free-living bacteria can attach to surfaces and aggregate to grow into multicellular communities encased in extracellular polymeric substances called biofilms. Biofilms are recalcitrant to antibiotic therapy and a major cause of persistent and recurrent infections by clinically important pathogens worldwide (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus). Currently, most biofilm remediation strategies involve the development of biofilm-inhibition agents, aimed at preventing the early stages of biofilm formation, or biofilm-dispersal agents, aimed at disrupting the biofilm cell community. While both strategies offer some clinical promise, neither represents a direct treatment and eradication strategy for established biofilms. Consequently, the discovery and development of biofilm eradication agents as comprehensive, stand-alone biofilm treatment options has become a fundamental area of research. Here we review our current understanding of biofilm antibiotic tolerance mechanisms and provide an overview of biofilm remediation strategies, focusing primarily on the most promising biofilm eradication agents and approaches. Many of these offer exciting prospects for the future of biofilm therapeutics for a large number of infections that are currently refractory to conventional antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D Verderosa
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Makrina Totsika
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kathryn E Fairfull-Smith
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|