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Xu Q, Yu Y, Chen K. The potential application of fermented tea as a drink for regulating bone mass. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1353811. [PMID: 39027330 PMCID: PMC11254645 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1353811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is evidence to suggest the benefits of drinking fermented tea for people with osteoporosis, and based on this, many studies have been conducted on the dosage, exact ingredients, mechanisms, and industrial applications of fermented tea for protecting against osteoporosis. A summary and analysis of studies on the regulation of bone mass by oolong tea, black tea, and their active ingredients (including 39 known catechin compounds) was conducted. It was found that the regulation of bone mass by fermented tea is backed by evidence from epidemiology, animal experiments, and cell experiments. The main active components of fermented tea are tea polyphenols, tea pigments, and trace amino acids. The specific mechanisms involved include regulating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis, inhibiting osteoclast activity, promoting calcium and phosphorus absorption, reducing inflammation levels, regulating gut microbiota, regulating endocrine function, and inhibiting oxidative stress. In terms of its application, extraction, precipitation, biosynthesis and membrane separation method are mainly used to separate the active ingredients of anti osteoporosis from fermented tea. In conclusion, fermented tea has sufficient theoretical and practical support for regulating bone mass and preventing osteoporosis, and is suitable for development as a health supplement. At the same time, a large amount of epidemiological evidence is needed to prove the specific dosage of tea consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaolu Xu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jinhua, Jinhua, China
| | - Yikang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Wei F, Lin K, Ruan B, Wang C, Yang L, Wang H, Wang Y. Epigallocatechin gallate protects MC3T3-E1 cells from cadmium-induced apoptosis and dysfunction via modulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17488. [PMID: 38827303 PMCID: PMC11141548 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), an active constituent of tea, is recognized for its anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the specific mechanism by which EGCG protects osteoblasts from cadmium-induced damage remains incompletely understood. Here, the action of EGCG was investigated by exposing MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts to EGCG and CdCl2 and examining their growth, apoptosis, and differentiation. It was found that EGCG promoted the viability of cadmium-exposed MC3T3-E1 cells, mitigated apoptosis, and promoted both maturation and mineralization. Additionally, CdCl2 has been reported to inhibit both the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1(Nrf2/HO-1) signaling pathways. EGCG treatment attenuated cadmium-induced apoptosis in osteoblasts and restored their function by upregulating both signaling pathways. The findings provide compelling evidence for EGCG's role in attenuating cadmium-induced osteoblast apoptosis and dysfunction through activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. This suggests the potential of using EGCG for treating cadmium-induced osteoblast dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanhao Wei
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kai Lin
- Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Binjia Ruan
- Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Lixun Yang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Li W, Xiang Z, Yu W, Huang X, Jiang Q, Abumansour A, Yang Y, Chen C. Natural compounds and mesenchymal stem cells: implications for inflammatory-impaired tissue regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:34. [PMID: 38321524 PMCID: PMC10848428 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03641-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a common and important pathological process occurring in any part of the body and relating to a variety of diseases. Effective tissue repair is critical for the survival of impaired organisms. Considering the side effects of the currently used anti-inflammatory medications, new therapeutic agents are urgently needed for the improvement of regenerative capacities of inflammatory-impaired tissues. Mesenchymal stromal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) are characterized by the capabilities of self-renewal and multipotent differentiation and exhibit immunomodulatory capacity. Due to the ability to modulate inflammatory phenotypes and immune responses, MSCs have been considered as a potential alternative therapy for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Natural compounds (NCs) are complex small multiple-target molecules mostly derived from plants and microorganisms, exhibiting therapeutic effects in many disorders, such as osteoporosis, diabetes, cancer, and inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. Recently, increasing studies focused on the prominent effects of NCs on MSCs, including the regulation of cell survival and inflammatory response, as well as osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation capacities, which indicate the roles of NCs on MSC-based cytotherapy in several inflammatory diseases. Their therapeutic effects and fewer side effects in numerous physiological processes, compared to chemosynthetic drugs, made them to be a new therapeutic avenue combined with MSCs for impaired tissue regeneration. Here we summarize the current understanding of the influence of NCs on MSCs and related downstream signaling pathways, specifically in pathological inflammatory conditions. In addition, the emerging concepts through the combination of NCs and MSCs to expand the therapeutic perspectives are highlighted. A promising MSC source from oral/dental tissues is also discussed, with a remarkable potential for MSC-based therapy in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zichao Xiang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaobin Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Qian Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Arwa Abumansour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ying Yang
- Research and Innovation Oral Care, Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Chider Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Center of Innovation and Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Han X, Fu Y, Wang K, Li S, Jiang C, Wang S, Wang Z, Liu G, Hu S. Epigallocatechin gallate alleviates osteoporosis by regulating the gut microbiota and serum metabolites in rats. Food Funct 2023; 14:10564-10580. [PMID: 37953732 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03233g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis, one of the serious public health problems worldwide, can lead to degeneration of the bone structure and increased risk of fractures. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a natural product with potential efficacy in inhibiting bone loss. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study first investigated the role of EGCG in preventing dexamethasone (DEX)-induced osteoporosis by regulating intestinal microbiota and serum metabolites. We detected the bone density, bone microstructure, and changes in intestinal microorganisms and serum metabolites. According to our results, EGCG inhibited the decline of bone density, protected the bone microstructure, increased microbial diversity, promoted the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Prevotellaceae and Ruminococcus, and inhibited the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Peptostreptococcaceae. There were also significant changes in serum metabolites among different treatments. Differential metabolites were mainly involved in sphingolipid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways, especially ceramide (d18:0/16:0(2OH)), phosphatidylserine (P-20:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)), phosphatidylserine (18:2(9Z,12Z)/12:0), and phosphatidylethanolamine (O-16:0/0:00), which were increased after EGCG treatment. Notably, most of the above metabolites were positively correlated with bone mineral density, BV/TV and Tb·Th, and negatively correlated with Tb·Sp. In summary, EGCG can prevent bone damage, promote the production of beneficial bacteria and metabolites, and enhance immune function. This study provides a basis and reference for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, as well as the application of EGCG in maintaining body health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebing Han
- The Orthopaedic Center, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Wenling), Wenling 317500, Zhejiang Province, China.
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine, Production, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Yifeng Fu
- The Orthopaedic Center, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Wenling), Wenling 317500, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Keyu Wang
- The Orthopaedic Center, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Wenling), Wenling 317500, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Siying Li
- The Orthopaedic Center, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Wenling), Wenling 317500, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Chang Jiang
- The Orthopaedic Center, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Wenling), Wenling 317500, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Wenling), Wenling 317500, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated First Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine, Production, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Gang Liu
- The Orthopaedic Center, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Wenling), Wenling 317500, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Siwang Hu
- The Orthopaedic Center, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Wenling), Wenling 317500, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Abiri B, Amini S, Hejazi M, Hosseinpanah F, Zarghi A, Abbaspour F, Valizadeh M. Tea's anti-obesity properties, cardiometabolic health-promoting potentials, bioactive compounds, and adverse effects: A review focusing on white and green teas. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:5818-5836. [PMID: 37823174 PMCID: PMC10563719 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea is one of the most commonly consumed beverages in the world. Morocco, Japan, and China have consumed green tea for centuries. White tea, which is a variety of green teas, is very popular in China and is highly revered for its taste. Presently, both teas are consumed in other countries around the world, even as functional ingredients, and novel research is constantly being conducted in these areas. We provide an update on the health benefits of white and green teas in this review, based on recent research done to present. After a general introduction, we focused on tea's anti-obesity and human health-promoting potential, adverse effects, and new approaches to tea and its bioactive compounds. It has been found that the health benefits of tea are due to its bioactive components, mainly phenolic compounds. Of these, catechins are the most abundant. This beverage (or its extracts) has potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which could contribute to body weight control and the improvement of several chronic diseases. However, some studies have mentioned the possibility of toxic effects; therefore, reducing tea consumption is a good idea, especially during the last trimester of pregnancy. Additionally, new evidence will provide insight into the possible effects of tea on the human gut microbiota, and even on the viruses responsible for SARS-CoV-2. A beverage such as this may favor beneficial gut microbes, which may have important implications due to the influence of gut microbiota on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Abiri
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Shirin Amini
- Department of NutritionShoushtar Faculty of Medical SciencesShoushtarIran
| | - Mahdi Hejazi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Farhad Hosseinpanah
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of PharmacyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Faeze Abbaspour
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Majid Valizadeh
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Fan Q, Zhou XH, Wang TF, Zeng FJ, Liu X, Gu Y, Chen B, Yang J, Pang ZY, Liu JG, Bai GH. Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on oxidative stress, inflammation, and bone loss in a rat periodontitis model. J Dent Sci 2023; 18:1567-1575. [PMID: 37799898 PMCID: PMC10548010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is playing an increasingly important role in the treatment of oral diseases. However, its mechanisms remain to be clarified. This study aimed to investigate the effect of EGCG on oxidative and inflammatory stress and bone loss in experimental periodontitis. Materials and methods Periodontitis was induced in rats, followed by gavage using different concentrations of EGCG for 5 weeks. The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-18 (IL-18), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in rats were measured. The degree of alveolar bone loss and the number of inflammatory cells were detected. The integrated optical density of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NLR pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) and nuclear factor-kappaB p65 (NF-κB p65) was measured. Results EGCG (200 mg/kg) significantly reduced alveolar bone loss in the ligated maxillary molars and the number of inflammatory cells in the EGCG-200 group compared with the periodontitis, EGCG-100 and EGCG-400 groups. 200 mg/kg was the optimal dose of EGCG and was used in subsequent experiments. The expression levels of IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α and MDA were significantly lower and the expression level of SOD was significantly higher in the EGCG-200 group compared with the periodontitis group. The expression of NLRP3 and NF-κB p65 was significantly decreased, while the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 was significantly increased in the EGCG-200 group compared with the periodontitis group. Conclusion These results suggest that EGCG inhibits oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the periodontitis model by modulating the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway, thereby decreasing alveolar bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Fan
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhou
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Teng-Fei Wang
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng-Jiao Zeng
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zi-Yi Pang
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jian-Guo Liu
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Guo-Hui Bai
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Zhang L, Wang M, Qiu H, Wei Y, Zhou L, Nian N, Shi Z, Hu D, Ma B. Epicatechin gallate promotes vascularization in co-culture of human osteoblasts and outgrowth endothelial cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:732-745. [PMID: 37354086 PMCID: PMC10408553 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231171894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevascularization is crucial for the survival of tissue-engineered bone and further bone repair/regeneration. Since epicatechin gallate (ECG), the most abundant flavanol in green tea, shows potential beneficial effects on endothelial cells and bone cells, we decided to investigate whether it promotes vascularization/angiogenesis and osteogenesis using a co-culture system containing human primary osteoblasts (POBs) and outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs). We found that treatment with ECG (1) significantly enhanced microvessel formation in co-culture of POB and OECs, (2) improved cell viability/proliferation and the angiogenic/osteogenic capacities of OEC/POBs, (3) significantly increased the levels of E-selectin, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, VEGF, and PDGF-BB in co-cultures of POB and OEC, and (4) upregulated HIF-1α, HIF-2α, NF-κB, iNOS, GLUT1, VEGF, and Ang1/2 but downregulated PHD1 in monocultures of OEC or POB. Our findings demonstrate that ECG promotes angiogenesis and osteogenesis (probably via HIF signaling) in co-cultures of OECs and POBs. ECG thus has potential applications in the promotion of angiogenesis/vascularization in many tissue constructs including those of bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Zhang
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Miaoran Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Huiqing Qiu
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050030, China
| | - Yusen Wei
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Nannan Nian
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Zhongli Shi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050030, China
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050030, China
| | - Dailun Hu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Bin Ma
- School of Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
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Feng Z, Jin M, Liang J, Kang J, Yang H, Guo S, Sun X. Insight into the effect of biomaterials on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells: A review from a mitochondrial perspective. Acta Biomater 2023; 164:1-14. [PMID: 36972808 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Bone damage may be triggered by a variety of factors, and the damaged area often requires a bone graft. Bone tissue engineering can serve as an alternative strategy for repairing large bone defects. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the progenitor cells of connective tissue, have become an important tool for tissue engineering due to their ability to differentiate into a variety of cell types. The precise regulation of the growth and differentiation of the stem cells used for bone regeneration significantly affects the efficiency of this type of tissue engineering. During the process of osteogenic induction, the dynamics and function of localized mitochondria are altered. These changes may also alter the microenvironment of the therapeutic stem cells and result in mitochondria transfer. Mitochondrial regulation not only affects the induction/rate of differentiation, but also influences its direction, determining the final identity of the differentiated cell. To date, bone tissue engineering research has mainly focused on the influence of biomaterials on phenotype and nuclear genotype, with few studies investigating the role of mitochondria. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of researches into the role of mitochondria in MSCs differentiation and critical analysis regarding smart biomaterials that are able to "programme" mitochondria modulation was proposed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: : • This review proposed the precise regulation of the growth and differentiation of the stem cells used to seed bone regeneration. • This review addressed the dynamics and function of localized mitochondria during the process of osteogenic induction and the effect of mitochondria on the microenvironment of stem cells. • This review summarized biomaterials which affect the induction/rate of differentiation, but also influences its direction, determining the final identity of the differentiated cell through the regulation of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Feng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110002 Liaoning Province, China
| | - Meiqi Jin
- School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Junzhi Liang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning Province, China
| | - Junning Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning Province, China
| | - Huazhe Yang
- School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Shu Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110002 Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Xiaoting Sun
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China.
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Zou JH, Chen F, Li YL, Chen H, Sun TK, Du SM, Zhang J. Effects of green tea extract epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 150:105691. [PMID: 37043987 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of EGCG on tooth movement and root resorption during orthodontic treatment in rats. METHODS A total of thirty six male Wistar rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups: control, 50 mg/kg EGCG, and 100 mg/kg EGCG. During the experiment, the subjects were submitted to an orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) model, rats in the experimental groups were given the corresponding dose of EGCG, while rats in the control group were administrated with an equal volume of normal saline solution by gavage. After 14 days of OTM, the rats were sacrificed by transcardial perfusion. Micro-CT of rat maxillaes was taken to analyze OTM distance and root resorption. The maxillary samples were prepared as histological sections for H&E staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to be observed and analyzed. RESULTS The OTM distance and root resorption of rats in the dosed group decreased, and the number of TRAP positive cells in their periodontium decreased significantly. The expression level of RANKL was decreased in the EGCG group compared to the control group, while that of OPG, OCN and Runx2 was increased. Effects were more pronounced in 100 mg/kg group than in 50 mg/kg group. CONCLUSION EGCG reduces OTM and orthodontic induced root resorption (OIRR) in rats, and is able to attenuate osteoclastogenesis on the pressure side and promote osteogenesis on the tension side.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hua Zou
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Rizhao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Rizhao, China
| | - Yi-Lin Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Tong-Ke Sun
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Si-Meng Du
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China.
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10
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Marcucci G, Domazetovic V, Nediani C, Ruzzolini J, Favre C, Brandi ML. Oxidative Stress and Natural Antioxidants in Osteoporosis: Novel Preventive and Therapeutic Approaches. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020373. [PMID: 36829932 PMCID: PMC9952369 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This review reports in detail the cellular and molecular mechanisms which regulate the bone remodeling process in relation to oxidative stress (OS), inflammatory factors, and estrogen deficiency. OS is considered an important pathogenic factor of osteoporosis, inducing osteocyte apoptosis and varying levels of specific factors, such as receptor activator κB ligand (RANKL), sclerostin, and, according to recent evidence, fibroblast growth factor 23, with consequent impairment of bone remodeling and high bone resorption. Bone loss increases the risk of fragility fractures, and the most commonly used treatments are antiresorptive drugs, followed by anabolic drugs or those with a double effect. In addition, recent data show that natural antioxidants contained in the diet are efficient in preventing and reducing the negative effects of OS on bone remodeling and osteocytes through the involvement of sirtuin type 1 enzyme. Indeed, osteocytes and some of their molecular factors are considered potential biological targets on which antioxidants can act to prevent and reduce bone loss, as well as to promote bone anabolic and regenerative processes by restoring physiological bone remodeling. Several data suggest including antioxidants in novel therapeutic approaches to develop better management strategies for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and OS-related bone diseases. In particular, anthocyanins, as well as resveratrol, lycopene, oleuropein, some vitamins, and thiol antioxidants, could have protective and therapeutic anti-osteoporotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Marcucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Vladana Domazetovic
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Nediani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Favre
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy
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11
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Acute green tea intake attenuates circulating microRNA expression induced by a high-fat, high-saturated meal in obese women: A randomized crossover study. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 112:109203. [PMID: 36347450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess whether acute green tea (GT) supplementation attenuates inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers induced by high-fat, high-saturated (HFHS) meals in obese women, and to assess its ability to modulate circulating microRNA (miRNA) expression. This was a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. The study included obese women over 18 years old who had no comorbidities. In the first moment, patients were instructed to take 2 capsules of placebo or GT (738 mg) at 10:00 p.m. and to fast overnight. The next morning, a blood sample was collected, and an HFHS meal was offered to the patients. Another blood sample was collected 5 hours after the meal. In the second moment, patients who received placebo in the first moment now received the GT and vice-versa. Serum inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured, and circulating levels of miRNA were evaluated. Fifteen women with mean age of 35.5±9.9 years were included in the final analysis. There was no difference regarding inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. However, patients who consumed GT had lower circulating expression of 62 miRNAs compared with patients who did not consume GT. Predictive analysis of target genes showed 1,757 targets regulated by the 62 miRNAs. Notably, 5 miRNAs (miR-1297, miR-192-5p, miR-373-3p, miR-595 and miR-1266-5p) regulate genes associated with TGF-beta, CARM1, RSK, and BMP pathways. Our study showed that GT inhibited the expression of miRNAs induced by HFHS meal intake. These results shed light on the mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of GT ingestion.
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12
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Chou HC, Lin SY, Chou LY, Ho ML, Chuang SC, Cheng TL, Kang L, Lin YS, Wang YH, Wei CW, Chen CH, Wang CZ. Ablation of Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 Provokes an Osteopenic Phenotype by Regulating Osteoblast/Osteocyte Autophagy and Apoptosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092173. [PMID: 36140274 PMCID: PMC9496360 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) is a collagen receptor that belongs to the receptor tyrosine kinase family. We have previously shown that DDR1 plays a crucial role during bone development, resulting in dwarfism and a short stature in osteoblast-specific knockout mice (OKO mice). However, the detailed pathophysiological effects of DDR1 on bone development throughout adulthood have remained unclear. This study aims to identify how DDR1 regulates osteoblast and osteocyte functions in vivo and in vitro during bone development in adulthood. The metabolic changes in bone tissues were analyzed using Micro-CT and immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) in vivo; the role of DDR1 in regulating osteoblasts was examined in MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro. The Micro-CT analysis results demonstrated that OKO mice showed a 10% reduction in bone-related parameters from 10 to 14 weeks old and a significant reduction in cortical thickness and diameter compared with flox/flox control mice (FF) mice. These results indicated that DDR1 knockout in OKO mice exhibiting significant bone loss provokes an osteopenic phenotype. The IHC staining revealed a significant decrease in osteogenesis-related genes, including RUNX2, osteocalcin, and osterix. We noted that DDR1 knockout significantly induced osteoblast/osteocyte apoptosis and markedly decreased autophagy activity in vivo. Additionally, the results of the gain- and loss-of-function of the DDR1 assay in MC3T3-E1 cells indicated that DDR1 can regulate the osteoblast differentiation through activating autophagy by regulating the phosphorylation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), light chain 3 (LC3), and beclin-1. In conclusion, our study highlights that the ablation of DDR1 results in cancellous bone loss by regulating osteoblast/osteocyte autophagy. These results suggest that DDR1 can act as a potential therapeutic target for managing cancellous bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chiao Chou
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Yen Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung City 80145, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yin Chou
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Ho
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Cheng
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung City 80145, Taiwan
| | - Lin Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Hsiung Wang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wang Wei
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hwan Chen
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung City 80145, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.C.); (C.-Z.W.); Tel.: +886-7-3209209 (C.-H.C.); +886-7-3121101 (ext. 2140) (C.-Z.W.)
| | - Chau-Zen Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.C.); (C.-Z.W.); Tel.: +886-7-3209209 (C.-H.C.); +886-7-3121101 (ext. 2140) (C.-Z.W.)
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13
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Functional mechanism on stem cells by tea (Camellia sinensis) bioactive compounds. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Han Y, Pei D, Li W, Luo B, Jiang Q. Epigallocatechin gallate attenuates tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced inhibition of osteoblastic differentiation by up-regulating lncRNA TUG1 in osteoporosis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8950-8961. [PMID: 35358011 PMCID: PMC9161859 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2056825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation contributes to the prevention and clinical treatment of osteoporosis. This study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-caused inhibition of osteoblastic differentiation. First, we cultured mouse embryo osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3-E1) and induced by TNF-α (0, 2.5, 5, 10 ng/mL). The results revealed that TNF-α significantly inhibited the proliferation, ALP activity and mineralized nodule formation of MC3T3-E1 cells and promoted apoptosis. However, EGCG pretreatment significantly alleviated the inhibitory effect of TNF-α on MC3T3-E1. In addition, TNF-α significantly downregulated the expression of lncRNA TUG1 in MC3T3-E1, while EGCG upregulated the expression of lncRNA TUG1. After overexpression of lncRNA TUG1 in TNF-α-induced MC3T3-E1 cells, it could show similar effects as EGCG. However, interference with lncRNA TUG1 expression diminished the protective effect of EGCG on TNF-α-induced MC3T3-E1 cells. Finally, we found that EGCG inhibited TNF-α-induced activation of the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway, and that low expression of lncRNA TUG1 suppressed this effect. In conclusion, EGCG could suppress Hippo/YAP pathway activity by up-regulating lncRNA TUG1, ultimately improving TNF-α-caused inhibition of osteoblastic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Han
- Department of Implant, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Hebei, China
| | - Dening Pei
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, Hebei, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Prosthodontic, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Prosthodontic, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qingsong Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontic, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
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15
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Arnold M, Rajagukguk YV, Sidor A, Kulczyński B, Brzozowska A, Suliburska J, Wawrzyniak N, Gramza-Michałowska A. Innovative Application of Chicken Eggshell Calcium to Improve the Functional Value of Gingerbread. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074195. [PMID: 35409876 PMCID: PMC8998295 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Food waste, such as eggshell, can be an environmental problem if it is not properly managed. One of the ways to solve this is by using the eggshell as the cheap calcium source in food products. Polish gingerbread fortified with chicken eggshell powder (ESP) calcium was developed to solve the eggshell waste problem and to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. This study focused on the effect of ESP addition on basic composition, sensory evaluation, and antioxidative activity of gingerbread. Two samples of gingerbread without and with 3% (w/w of wheat flour) ESP, with controlled green tea powder (4% w/w of white chocolate) were analyzed. Results of the research showed that the addition of 3% ESP significantly increased the ash and calcium content (p < 0.05) without changing the appearance, aroma, texture, taste profiles, and the hedonic score of gingerbread. The gingerbread samples were then stored for 2 months and were analyzed every month. The hedonic evaluation of the aroma of both gingerbread samples decreased significantly (p < 0.05) during storage. During 2 months of storage, the antioxidative activity of gingerbread fortified with 3% ESP was not significantly different compared to the control (p > 0.05), particularly in ABTS and ORACFL assay. The ABTS, DPPH, and ORACFL assays showed decreasing antioxidative activity during storage, which was also in accordance with decreasing total phenolic content of both gingerbread samples. In PCL assay, the lipid-soluble antioxidant activity in gingerbread with 3% ESP was significantly higher during 2 months of storage, compared to the control (p < 0.05). The developed product might be a potential alternative to improve the calcium (26% daily value (DV) recommendation per 100 g) and antioxidant intake in order to prevent calcium deficiency. Gingerbread enriched with an organic source of calcium may become an innovative product to reduce the risk of developing osteoporosis in the elderly population, having potential health and economic significance, given the incidence of osteoporosis and the costs of treating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcellus Arnold
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60624 Poznań, Poland; (M.A.); (Y.V.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (A.B.); (N.W.)
| | - Yolanda Victoria Rajagukguk
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60624 Poznań, Poland; (M.A.); (Y.V.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (A.B.); (N.W.)
| | - Andrzej Sidor
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60624 Poznań, Poland; (M.A.); (Y.V.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (A.B.); (N.W.)
| | - Bartosz Kulczyński
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60624 Poznań, Poland; (M.A.); (Y.V.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (A.B.); (N.W.)
| | - Anna Brzozowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60624 Poznań, Poland; (M.A.); (Y.V.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (A.B.); (N.W.)
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60624 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Natalia Wawrzyniak
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60624 Poznań, Poland; (M.A.); (Y.V.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (A.B.); (N.W.)
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60624 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60624 Poznań, Poland; (M.A.); (Y.V.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (A.B.); (N.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-848-7327
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16
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Rodríguez V, Rivoira M, Picotto G, de Barboza GD, Collin A, de Talamoni NT. Analysis of the molecular mechanisms by flavonoids with potential use for osteoporosis prevention or therapy. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2913-2936. [PMID: 34547992 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210921143644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is the most common skeletal disorder worldwide. Flavonoids have the potential to alleviate bone alterations in osteoporotic patients with the advantage of being safer and less expensive than the conventional therapies. OBJECTIVE The main objective is to analyze the molecular mechanisms triggered in bone by different subclasses of flavonoids. In addition, this review provides an up-to-date overview on the cellular and molecular aspects of osteoporotic bones versus healthy bones, and a brief description of some epidemiological studies indicating that flavonoids could be useful for osteoporosis treatment. METHODS The PubMed database was searched in the range of years 2001- 2021 using the keywords osteoporosis, flavonoids, and their subclasses such as flavones, flavonols, flavanols, isoflavones, flavanones and anthocyanins, focusing the data on the molecular mechanisms triggered in bone. RESULTS Although flavonoids comprise many compounds that differ in structure, their effects on bone loss in postmenopausal women or in ovariectomized-induced osteoporotic animals are quite similar. Most of them increase bone mineral density and bone strength, which occur through enhancement of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclast apoptosis, decrease in osteoclastogenesis as well as increase in neovascularization on the site of the osteoporotic fracture. CONCLUSION Several molecules of signaling pathways are involved in the effect of flavonoids on osteoporotic bone. Whether all flavonoids have a common mechanism or they act as ligands of estrogen receptors remain to be established. More clinical trials are necessary to know better their safety, efficacy, delivery and bioavailability in humans, as well as comparative studies with conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Rodríguez
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - María Rivoira
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Gabriela Picotto
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Gabriela Díaz de Barboza
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Alejandro Collin
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Nori Tolosa de Talamoni
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
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17
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Chen CH, Kang L, Chang LH, Cheng TL, Lin SY, Wu SC, Lin YS, Chuang SC, Lee TC, Chang JK, Ho ML. Intra-articular low-dose parathyroid hormone (1-34) improves mobility and articular cartilage quality in a preclinical age-related knee osteoarthritis model. Bone Joint Res 2021; 10:514-525. [PMID: 34387115 PMCID: PMC8414442 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.108.bjr-2020-0165.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Osteoarthritis (OA) is prevalent among the elderly and incurable. Intra-articular parathyroid hormone (PTH) ameliorated OA in papain-induced and anterior cruciate ligament transection-induced OA models; therefore, we hypothesized that PTH improved OA in a preclinical age-related OA model. Methods Guinea pigs aged between six and seven months of age were randomized into control or treatment groups. Three- or four-month-old guinea pigs served as the young control group. The knees were administered 40 μl intra-articular injections of 10 nM PTH or vehicle once a week for three months. Their endurance as determined from time on the treadmill was evaluated before kill. Their tibial plateaus were analyzed using microcalculated tomography (μCT) and histological studies. Results PTH increased the endurance on the treadmill test, preserved glycosaminoglycans, and reduced Osteoarthritis Research Society International score and chondrocyte apoptosis rate. No difference was observed in the subchondral plate bone density or metaphyseal trabecular bone volume and bone morphogenetic 2 protein staining. Conclusion Subchondral bone is crucial in the initiation and progression of OA. Although previous studies have shown that subcutaneous PTH alleviates knee OA by improving subchondral and metaphyseal bone mass, we demonstrated that intra-articular PTH injections improved spontaneous OA by directly affecting the cartilage rather than the subchondral or metaphyseal bone in a preclinical age-related OA model. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(8):514–525.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hwan Chen
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lin Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Hua Chang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Cheng
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Yen Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Cheng Wu
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Ching Lee
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Je-Ken Chang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Ho
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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18
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Hinojosa-Nogueira D, Pérez-Burillo S, Pastoriza de la Cueva S, Rufián-Henares JÁ. Green and white teas as health-promoting foods. Food Funct 2021; 12:3799-3819. [PMID: 33977999 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00261a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tea is one of the most consumed beverages around the world and as such, it is constantly the object of novel research. This review focuses on the research performed during the last five years to provide an updated view of the current position of tea regarding human health. According to most authors, tea health benefits can be traced back to its bioactive components, mostly phenolic compounds. Among them, catechins are the most abundant. Tea has an important antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory properties, which make this beverage (or its extracts) a potential aid in the fight against several chronic diseases. On the other hand, some studies report the possibility of toxic effects and it is advisable to reduce tea consumption, such as in the last trimester of pregnancy. Additionally, new technologies are increasing researchers' possibilities to study the effect of tea on human gut microbiota and even against SARS CoV-2. This beverage favours some beneficial gut microbes, which could have important repercussions due to the influence of gut microbiota on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hinojosa-Nogueira
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Instituo de Nutrición Y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Centro de Investigación BIomédica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Sergio Pérez-Burillo
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Instituo de Nutrición Y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Centro de Investigación BIomédica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain. and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Silvia Pastoriza de la Cueva
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Instituo de Nutrición Y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Centro de Investigación BIomédica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - José Ángel Rufián-Henares
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Instituo de Nutrición Y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Centro de Investigación BIomédica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain. and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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19
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The Effect of Yellow Tea Leaves Camellia sinensis on the Quality of Stored Chocolate Confectionery. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11094123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chocolate and tea leaves are considered the most valuable sources of highly bioactive polyphenols due to their potential anti-cancer properties and beneficial effects on the cardiovascular and nervous systems. The objective of the present study was the development of a sensory profiling modality that is correlated with the taste of the chocolate enriched with yellow tea phytochemicals. The additive concentration was optimized in white chocolate and the designed product was evaluated using the sensory profiling method. It was shown that the yellow tea extract in chocolate had a significant effect on the taste and color of the product. Addition of 2.0% yellow tea powdered extract increased the value of color acceptance and caused an intensification of the aromas, particularly the leafy taste, compared to the control samples. The next step of the study was to determine the influence of tea addition in white, milk and dark chocolate subjected to 6 months of storage. The designed chocolates were tested for their activity as antioxidants (DPPH, ABTS and ORAC assay) and cholinesterase inhibitors (AChE, BChE assay). It was confirmed that the yellow tea addition affected the activity of prepared chocolates with respect to radical scavenging activity and was highest for dark chocolate with yellow tea where the values were as follows: 4373 mg Tx/100 g (DPPH), 386 mg Tx/100 g (ABTS) and 4363 µM Tx/100 g (ORAC). An increase in the anti-radical activity of chocolate with yellow tea was found after 3 months of storage, but the subsequent 3 months of storage resulted in its reduction. AChE values ranged from 0.118 to 0.730 [µM eserine/g dw] and from 0.095 to 0.480 [µM eserine/g dw] for BChE assay. Total capacity to inhibit AChE and BChE differed depending on the type of chocolate and was negatively influenced by the half-year storage. Summarizing tested values for individual samples were higher, with increasing content of cocoa liquor and yellow tea extract in the product. The results of the research show that the use of yellow tea in confectionery is promising and may appoint a new direction in functional foods.
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20
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Hung YC, Hsiao YH, Hsieh JF. Catechin content and free radical scavenging activity of Camellia sinensis twig extracts. INTERNATIONAL FOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.47836/ifrj.28.2.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The catechin content and antioxidant properties of various Camellia sinensis twig extracts, including a water extract (WE), 10% ethanol extract (10% EE), 50% ethanol extract (50% EE), and 95% ethanol extract (95% EE) were investigated. The 50% EE had the highest total phenolic content (161.3 ± 8.5 mg gallic acid equivalents/L) and total flavonoid content (278.9 ± 12.2 mg quercetin equivalents/L). High-performance liquid chromatography analysis suggested that epigallocatechin gallate and epigallocatechin were the predominant catechins in the twig extracts. The relative concentrations of six catechins isolated from the extracts were: 50% EE > 10% EE > WE > 95% EE. The 50% EE showed free radical-scavenging activity. The concentration of dry matter of 50% EE required to scavenge 50% of ABTS radicals was 102.8 ± 4.2 μg/mL. These results suggest that 50% EE can potentially be used as a source of catechins.
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21
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Ezhilarasan D, Lakshmi T, Subha M, Deepak Nallasamy V, Raghunandhakumar S. The ambiguous role of sirtuins in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis 2021; 28:559-567. [PMID: 33570800 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the most leading cancer responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. The sirtuins (SIRTs) are a family of class III histone deacetylases and are known to regulate a variety of molecular signaling associated with different cancer types including oral malignancies. SIRT1 acts as bifunctional in a variety of cancer. In oral cancer, SIRT1 seems to work as a tumor suppressor. The carcinogenic potential of SIRT1 is also reported in oral cancer, and hence, its role is still ambiguous. SIRT2 is also said to play a dual-faced role in different types of cancers. However, in oral cancer, SIRT2 is not studied and its role remains obscure. SIRT3 expression was positively correlated with oral malignancies. However, studies also showed the anti-cancer role of SIRT3 in oral cancer. SIRT7 loss was observed in oral cancer cells, while its overexpression caused the suppression of oral cancer cells proliferation, migration, and invasiveness. The role of other SIRTs in oral cancer was studied meagerly or reports not available. To date, only the roles of SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT7 have been reported in oral malignancies. Therefore, understanding the regulatory mechanisms employed by sirtuins to modulate oral cancer is important for developing potential anti-cancer therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraj Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, the Blue Lab (Molecular Medicine and Toxicology) Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Thangavelu Lakshmi
- Department of Pharmacology, the Blue Lab (Molecular Medicine and Toxicology) Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Manoharan Subha
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College (SDC), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Veeraiyan Deepak Nallasamy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College (SDC), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Subramanian Raghunandhakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, the Blue Lab (Molecular Medicine and Toxicology) Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
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22
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Huang HT, Cheng TL, Yang CD, Chang CF, Ho CJ, Chuang SC, Li JY, Huang SH, Lin YS, Shen HY, Yu TH, Kang L, Lin SY, Chen CH. Intra-Articular Injection of (-)-Epigallocatechin 3-Gallate (EGCG) Ameliorates Cartilage Degeneration in Guinea Pigs with Spontaneous Osteoarthritis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:178. [PMID: 33530594 PMCID: PMC7910837 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease that causes an enormous burden of disease worldwide. (-)-Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) has been reported to reduce post-traumatic OA progression through its anti-inflammatory property. Aging is the most crucial risk factor of OA, and the majority of OA incidences are related to age and not trauma. In this study, we assess whether EGCG can ameliorate cartilage degradation in primary OA. In an in-vitro study, real-time PCR was performed to assess the expression of genes associated with human articular chondrocyte homeostasis. A spontaneously occurring OA model in guinea pigs was used to investigate the effect of EGCG in vivo. OA severity was evaluated using Safranin O staining and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores, as well as by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis to determine the protein level of type II collagen (Col II), matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13), and p16 ink4a in articular cartilage. In the in-vitro study, EGCG increased the gene expression of aggrecan and Col II and decreased the expression of interleukin-1, cyclooxygenase 2, MMP-13, alkaline phosphatase, Col X, and p16 Ink4a; EGCG treatment also attenuated the degraded cartilage with a lower OARSI score. Meanwhile, IHC results showed that EGCG exerted an anti-OA effect by reducing ECM degradation, cartilage inflammation, and cell senescence with a less-immunostained Col II, MMP-13, and p16 Ink4a. In conclusion, these findings suggest that EGCG may be a potential disease-modifying OA drug for the treatment of primary OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Ti Huang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-Y.L.); (S.-H.H.); (Y.-S.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (T.-H.Y.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
- Musculoskeletal Regeneration Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Cheng
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-Y.L.); (S.-H.H.); (Y.-S.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (T.-H.Y.)
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Musculoskeletal Regeneration Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Da Yang
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Fen Chang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Jung Ho
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-Y.L.); (S.-H.H.); (Y.-S.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (T.-H.Y.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
- Musculoskeletal Regeneration Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-Y.L.); (S.-H.H.); (Y.-S.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (T.-H.Y.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
- Musculoskeletal Regeneration Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
| | - Jhong-You Li
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-Y.L.); (S.-H.H.); (Y.-S.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (T.-H.Y.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Musculoskeletal Regeneration Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hao Huang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-Y.L.); (S.-H.H.); (Y.-S.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (T.-H.Y.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-Y.L.); (S.-H.H.); (Y.-S.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (T.-H.Y.)
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Musculoskeletal Regeneration Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Shen
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-Y.L.); (S.-H.H.); (Y.-S.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (T.-H.Y.)
| | - Tsung-Han Yu
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-Y.L.); (S.-H.H.); (Y.-S.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (T.-H.Y.)
| | - Lin Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70457, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Yen Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-Y.L.); (S.-H.H.); (Y.-S.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (T.-H.Y.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
- Musculoskeletal Regeneration Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hwan Chen
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-C.C.); (J.-Y.L.); (S.-H.H.); (Y.-S.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (T.-H.Y.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
- Musculoskeletal Regeneration Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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23
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Intra-Articular Injection of (-)-Epigallocatechin 3-Gallate to Attenuate Articular Cartilage Degeneration by Enhancing Autophagy in a Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis Rat Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 10:antiox10010008. [PMID: 33374730 PMCID: PMC7824012 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
(-)-Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) is the main active green tea catechin and has a wide variety of benefits for health. Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) occurs as a consequence of joint injuries that commonly happen in the young population. In this study, we investigated the effects of EGCG on PTOA prevention by using the anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)–OA model and further investigated the roles of autophagy in OA treatment. Our results showed that intra-articular injection of EGCG significantly improved the functional performances and decreased cartilage degradation. EGCG treatment attenuated the inflammation on synovial tissue and cartilage through less immunostained cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-13. We further noted EGCG may modulate the chondrocyte apoptosis by activation of the cytoprotective autophagy through reducing the expression of the mTOR and enhancing the expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3, beclin-1, and p62. In conclusion, intra-articular injection of EGCG after ACL injury inhibited the joint inflammation and cartilage degradation, thereby increasing joint function. EGCG treatment also reduced the chondrocyte apoptosis, possibly by activating autophagy. These findings suggested that EGCG may be a potential disease-modifying drug for preventing OA progression.
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Huang HT, Cheng TL, Lin SY, Ho CJ, Chyu JY, Yang RS, Chen CH, Shen CL. Osteoprotective Roles of Green Tea Catechins. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1136. [PMID: 33207822 PMCID: PMC7696448 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the second most common disease only secondary to cardiovascular disease, with the risk of fracture increasing with age. Osteoporosis is caused by an imbalance between osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis processes. Osteoclastogenesis may be enhanced, osteoblastogenesis may be reduced, or both may be evident. Inflammation and high reactive oxygen enhance osteoclastogenesis while reducing osteoblastogenesis by inducing osteoblast apoptosis and suppressing osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation. Catechins, the main polyphenols found in green tea with potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, can counteract the deleterious effects of the imbalance of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis caused by osteoporosis. Green tea catechins can attenuate osteoclastogenesis by enhancing apoptosis of osteoclasts, hampering osteoclastogenesis, and prohibiting bone resorption in vitro. Catechin effects can be directly exerted on pre-osteoclasts/osteoclasts or indirectly exerted via the modulation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)/stromal cell regulation of pre-osteoclasts through activation of the nuclear factor kB (RANK)/RANK ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) system. Catechins also can enhance osteoblastogenesis by enhancing osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and increasing osteoblastic survival, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization. The in vitro effects of catechins on osteogenesis have been confirmed in several animal models, as well as in epidemiological observational studies on human subjects. Even though randomized control trials have not shown that catechins provide anti-fracture efficacy, safety data in the trials are promising. A large-scale, placebo-controlled, long-term randomized trial with a tea regimen intervention of optimal duration is required to determine anti-fracture efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Ti Huang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (S.-Y.L.); (C.-J.H.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Cheng
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (S.-Y.L.); (C.-J.H.)
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Yen Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (S.-Y.L.); (C.-J.H.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Jung Ho
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (S.-Y.L.); (C.-J.H.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
| | - Joanna Y. Chyu
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;
| | - Rong-Sen Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100229, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Hwan Chen
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan; (H.-T.H.); (T.-L.C.); (S.-Y.L.); (C.-J.H.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Departments of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80701, Taiwan
| | - Chwan-Li Shen
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Center of Excellence for Integrative Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
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25
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Phytochemical Omics in Medicinal Plants. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060936. [PMID: 32575904 PMCID: PMC7356902 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used to treat diseases and provide health benefits, and their applications are increasing around the world [...].
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Almatroodi SA, Almatroudi A, Alsahli MA, Aljasir MA, Syed MA, Rahmani AH. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG), an Active Compound of Green Tea Attenuates Acute Lung Injury Regulating Macrophage Polarization and Krüpple-Like-Factor 4 (KLF4) Expression. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122853. [PMID: 32575718 PMCID: PMC7356789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are serious clinical complications with a high frequency of morbidity and mortality. The initiation and amplification of inflammation is a well-known aspect in the pathogenesis of ALI and related disorders. Therefore, inhibition of the inflammatory mediators could be an ideal approach to prevent ALI. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major constituent of green tea, has been shown to have protective effects on oxidative damage and anti-inflammation. The goal of the present study was to determine whether EGCG improves phenotype and macrophage polarisation in LPS-induced ALI. C57BL/6 mice were given two doses of EGCG (15 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (IP) 1 h before and 3 h after LPS instillation (2 mg/kg). EGCG treatment improved histopathological lesions, Total Leucocyte count (TLC), neutrophils infiltration, wet/dry ratio, total proteins and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in LPS-induced lung injury. The results displayed that EGCG reduced LPS-induced ALI as it modulates macrophage polarisation towards M2 status. Furthermore, EGCG also reduced the expression of proinflammatory M1 mediators iNOS TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the LPS administered lung microenvironment. In addition, it increased the expression of KLF4, Arg1 and ym1, known to augment the M2 phenotype of macrophages. EGCG also alleviated the expression of 8-OHdG, nitrotyrosine, showing its ability to inhibit oxidative damage. TREM1 in the lung tissue and improved lung regenerative capacity by enhancing Ki67, PCNA and Ang-1 protein expression. Together, these results proposed the protective properties of EGCG against LPS-induced ALI in may be attributed to the suppression of M1/M2 macrophages subtype ratio, KLF4 augmentation, lung cell regeneration and regulating oxidative damage in the LPS-induced murine ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mohammad A. Aljasir
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
- Correspondence:
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