1
|
Sadique MA, Yadav S, Khan R, Srivastava AK. Engineered two-dimensional nanomaterials based diagnostics integrated with internet of medical things (IoMT) for COVID-19. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3774-3828. [PMID: 38433614 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00719g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
More than four years have passed since an inimitable coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic hit the globe in 2019 after an uncontrolled transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The occurrence of this highly contagious respiratory infectious disease led to chaos and mortality all over the world. The peak paradigm shift of the researchers was inclined towards the accurate and rapid detection of diseases. Since 2019, there has been a boost in the diagnostics of COVID-19 via numerous conventional diagnostic tools like RT-PCR, ELISA, etc., and advanced biosensing kits like LFIA, etc. For the same reason, the use of nanotechnology and two-dimensional nanomaterials (2DNMs) has aided in the fabrication of efficient diagnostic tools to combat COVID-19. This article discusses the engineering techniques utilized for fabricating chemically active E2DNMs that are exceptionally thin and irregular. The techniques encompass the introduction of heteroatoms, intercalation of ions, and the design of strain and defects. E2DNMs possess unique characteristics, including a substantial surface area and controllable electrical, optical, and bioactive properties. These characteristics enable the development of sophisticated diagnostic platforms for real-time biosensors with exceptional sensitivity in detecting SARS-CoV-2. Integrating the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) with these E2DNMs-based advanced diagnostics has led to the development of portable, real-time, scalable, more accurate, and cost-effective SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic platforms. These diagnostic platforms have the potential to revolutionize SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis by making it faster, easier, and more accessible to people worldwide, thus making them ideal for resource-limited settings. These advanced IoMT diagnostic platforms may help with combating SARS-CoV-2 as well as tracking and predicting the spread of future pandemics, ultimately saving lives and mitigating their impact on global health systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Abubakar Sadique
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shalu Yadav
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Raju Khan
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Avanish K Srivastava
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mazzaracchio V, Rios Maciel M, Porto Santos T, Toda-Peters K, Shen AQ. Duplex Electrochemical Microfluidic Sensor for COVID-19 Antibody Detection: Natural versus Vaccine-Induced Humoral Response. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207731. [PMID: 36916701 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The rapid transmission and resilience of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have led to urgent demands in monitoring humoral response for effective vaccine development, thus a multiplex co-detection platform to discriminate infection-induced from vaccine-induced antibodies is needed. Here a duplex electrochemical immunosensor for co-detection of anti-nucleocapsid IgG (N-IgG) and anti-spike IgG (S-IgG) is developed by using a two-working electrode system, via an indirect immunoassay, with antibody quantification obtained by differential pulse voltammetry. The screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) are modified by carbon black and electrodeposited gold nanoflowers for maximized surface areas, enabling the construction of an immunological chain for S-IgG and N-IgG electrochemical detection with enhanced performance. Using an optimized immunoassay protocol, a wide linear range between 30-750 and 20-1000 ng mL-1 , and a limit of detection of 28 and 15 ng mL-1 are achieved to detect N-IgG and S-IgG simultaneously in serum samples. This duplex immunosensor is then integrated in a microfluidic device to obtain significantly reduced detection time (≤ 7 min) while maintaining its analytical performance. The duplex microfluidic immunosensor can be easily expanded into multiplex format to achieve high throughput screening for the sero-surveillance of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Mazzaracchio
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata,", Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauricio Rios Maciel
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Tatiana Porto Santos
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Kazumi Toda-Peters
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Amy Q Shen
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Barra M, Tomaiuolo G, Villella VR, Esposito S, Liboà A, D'Angelo P, Marasso SL, Cocuzza M, Bertana V, Camilli E, Preziosi V. Organic Electrochemical Transistor Immuno-Sensors for Spike Protein Early Detection. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:739. [PMID: 37504137 PMCID: PMC10377135 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The global COVID-19 pandemic has had severe consequences from the social and economic perspectives, compelling the scientific community to focus on the development of effective diagnostics that can combine a fast response and accurate sensitivity/specificity performance. Presently available commercial antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) are very fast, but still face significant criticisms, mainly related to their inability to amplify the protein signal. This translates to a limited sensitive outcome and, hence, a reduced ability to hamper the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection. To answer the urgent need for novel platforms for the early, specific and highly sensitive detection of the virus, this paper deals with the use of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) as very efficient ion-electron converters and amplifiers for the detection of spike proteins and their femtomolar concentration. The electrical response of the investigated OECTs was carefully analyzed, and the changes in the parameters associated with the transconductance (i.e., the slope of the transfer curves) in the gate voltage range between 0 and 0.3 V were found to be more clearly correlated with the spike protein concentration. Moreover, the functionalization of OECT-based biosensors with anti-spike and anti-nucleocapside proteins, the major proteins involved in the disease, demonstrated the specificity of these devices, whose potentialities should also be considered in light of the recent upsurge of the so-called "long COVID" syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Barra
- CNR-SPIN, c/o Department of Physics ''Ettore Pancini'', P.le Tecchio, 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanna Tomaiuolo
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering-University Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
- CEINGE, Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valeria Rachela Villella
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering-University Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
- CEINGE, Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Speranza Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering-University Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
- CEINGE, Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Aris Liboà
- IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Graduate School in Science and Technologies of Materials and Department of Physics, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 7/A, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | | | - Simone Luigi Marasso
- IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- ChiLab, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Matteo Cocuzza
- IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- ChiLab, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Bertana
- ChiLab, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Camilli
- ChiLab, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Preziosi
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering-University Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
- CEINGE, Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guerrero-Esteban T, Gutiérrez-Sánchez C, Villa-Manso AM, Revenga-Parra M, Pariente F, Lorenzo E. Sensitive SARS-CoV-2 detection in wastewaters using a carbon nanodot-amplified electrochemiluminescence immunosensor. Talanta 2022; 247:123543. [PMID: 35594835 PMCID: PMC9101780 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Given the great utility that having fast, efficient and cost-effective methods for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater can have in controlling the pandemic caused by this virus, the development of new dependable and specific SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus sensing devices to be applied to wastewater is essential to promote public health interventions. Therefore, herein we propose a new method to detect SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater based on a carbon nanodots-amplified electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for the determination of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 protein. For the construction of the immunosensor, N-rich carbon nanodots have been synthetized with a double function: to contribute as amplifiers of the electrochemiluminescent signal in presence of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ and as antibody supports by providing functional groups capable of covalently interacting with the SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 antibody. The proposed ECL immunosensor has demonstrated a high specificity in presence of other virus-related proteins and responded linearly to SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 concentration over a wide range with a limit of detection of 1.2 pg/mL. The immunosensor has an excellent stability and achieved the detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 in river and urban wastewater, which supplies a feasible and reliable sensing platform for early virus detection and therefore to protect the population. The detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 in urban wastewater can be used as a tool to measure the circulation of the virus in the population and to detect a possible resurgence of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mónica Revenga-Parra
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Spain; Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain; IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Pariente
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Spain; Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Encarnación Lorenzo
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Spain; Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain; IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang G, Wang L, Meng Z, Su X, Jia C, Qiao X, Pan S, Chen Y, Cheng Y, Zhu M. Visual Detection of COVID-19 from Materials Aspect. ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS 2022; 4:1304-1333. [PMID: 35966612 PMCID: PMC9358106 DOI: 10.1007/s42765-022-00179-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In the recent COVID-19 pandemic, World Health Organization emphasized that early detection is an effective strategy to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 viruses. Several diagnostic methods, such as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), have been applied based on the mechanism of specific recognition and binding of the probes to viruses or viral antigens. Although the remarkable progress, these methods still suffer from inadequate cellular materials or errors in the detection and sampling procedure of nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab collection. Therefore, developing accurate, ultrafast, and visualized detection calls for more advanced materials and technology urgently to fight against the epidemic. In this review, we first summarize the current methodologies for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Then, recent representative examples are introduced based on various output signals (e.g., colorimetric, fluorometric, electronic, acoustic). Finally, we discuss the limitations of the methods and provide our perspectives on priorities for future test development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Le Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Zheyi Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Xiaolong Su
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Chao Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Xiaolan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Shaowu Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Yinjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Yanhua Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pandey SK, Mohanta GC, Kumar V, Gupta K. Diagnostic Tools for Rapid Screening and Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1200. [PMID: 36016088 PMCID: PMC9414050 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has severely impacted human health and the health management system globally. The ongoing pandemic has required the development of more effective diagnostic strategies for restricting deadly disease. For appropriate disease management, accurate and rapid screening and isolation of the affected population is an efficient means of containment and the decimation of the disease. Therefore, considerable efforts are being directed toward the development of rapid and robust diagnostic techniques for respiratory infections, including SARS-CoV-2. In this article, we have summarized the origin, transmission, and various diagnostic techniques utilized for the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. These higher-end techniques can also detect the virus copy number in asymptomatic samples. Furthermore, emerging rapid, cost-effective, and point-of-care diagnostic devices capable of large-scale population screening for COVID-19 are discussed. Finally, some breakthrough developments based on spectroscopic diagnosis that could revolutionize the field of rapid diagnosis are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Mizoram University (Central University), Aizawl 796004, India
| | - Girish C. Mohanta
- Materials Science and Sensor Applications, CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh 160030, India;
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Leprology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh 160012, India;
| | - Kuldeep Gupta
- Russel H. Morgan, Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Karimian N, Polo F, Ugo P. Advanced Electrochemical and Opto-Electrochemical Biosensors for Quantitative Analysis of Disease Markers and Viruses. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12050296. [PMID: 35624597 PMCID: PMC9138235 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Karimian
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca’ Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre-Venezia, Italy; (F.P.); (P.U.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Federico Polo
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca’ Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre-Venezia, Italy; (F.P.); (P.U.)
- European Centre for Living Technology (ECLT), Ca’ Bottacin, Dorsoduro 3911, 30124 Venice, Italy
| | - Paolo Ugo
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca’ Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre-Venezia, Italy; (F.P.); (P.U.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fabiani L, Mazzaracchio V, Moscone D, Fillo S, De Santis R, Monte A, Amatore D, Lista F, Arduini F. Paper-based immunoassay based on 96-well wax-printed paper plate combined with magnetic beads and colorimetric smartphone-assisted measure for reliable detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 200:113909. [PMID: 34995838 PMCID: PMC8697482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been recognized as a global pandemic outbreak, opening the most severe socio-economic crisis since World War II. Different scientific activities have been emerged in this global scenario, including the development of innovative analytical tools to measure nucleic acid, antibodies, and antigens in the nasopharyngeal swab, serum, and saliva for prompt identification of COVID-19 patients and to evaluate the immune response to the vaccine. The detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva remains a challenge for the lack of sufficient sensitivity. To address this issue, we developed a novel paper-based immunoassay using magnetic beads to support the immunological chain and 96-well wax-printed paper plate as a platform for color visualization by using a smartphone combined with Spotxel free-charge app. To assess the reliability of the measurement of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva, untreated saliva was used as a specimen and the calibration curve demonstrated a dynamic range up to 10 μg/mL, with a detection limit equal to 0.1 μg/mL. The effectiveness of this sustainable analytical tool in saliva was evaluated by comparing the data with the nasopharyngeal swab specimens sampled by the same patients and tested with Real-Time PCR reference method, founding 100% of agreement, even in the case of high Cycle Threshold (CT) numbers (low viral load). Furthermore, the positive saliva samples were characterized by the next-generation sequencing method, demonstrating the capability to detect the Delta variant, which is actually (July 2021) the most relevant variant of concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fabiani
- University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mazzaracchio
- University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Danila Moscone
- University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Fillo
- Scientific Department, Army Medical Center, Via Santo Stefano Rotondo 4, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo De Santis
- Scientific Department, Army Medical Center, Via Santo Stefano Rotondo 4, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Anella Monte
- Scientific Department, Army Medical Center, Via Santo Stefano Rotondo 4, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Amatore
- Scientific Department, Army Medical Center, Via Santo Stefano Rotondo 4, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Florigio Lista
- Scientific Department, Army Medical Center, Via Santo Stefano Rotondo 4, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiana Arduini
- University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Rome, Italy; SENSE4MED, Via Renato Rascel 30, 00128, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
De Felice M, De Falco M, Zappi D, Antonacci A, Scognamiglio V. Isothermal amplification-assisted diagnostics for COVID-19. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 205:114101. [PMID: 35202984 PMCID: PMC8849862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The scenery of molecular diagnostics for infectious diseases is rapidly evolving to respond to the COVID-19 epidemic. The sensitivity and specificity of diagnostics, along with speed and accuracy, are crucial requirements for effective analytical tools to address the disease spreading around the world. Emerging diagnostic devices combine the latest trends in isothermal amplification methods for nucleic acids with state-of-the-art biosensing systems, intending to bypass roadblocks encountered in the last 2 years of the pandemic. Isothermal nucleic acid amplification is a simple procedure that quickly and efficiently accumulates nucleic acid sequences at a constant temperature, without the need for sophisticated equipment. The integration of isothermal amplification into portable biosensing devices confers high sensitivity and improves screening at the point of need in low-resource settings. This review reports the latest trends reached in this field with the latest examples of isothermal amplification-powered biosensors for detecting SARS-CoV-2, with different configurations, as well as their intrinsic advantages and disadvantages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariarita De Felice
- Institute of Bioscience and BioResources, National Research Council, Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Science, Via P. Castellino 111, 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria De Falco
- Institute of Bioscience and BioResources, National Research Council, Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Science, Via P. Castellino 111, 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniele Zappi
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Department of Chemical Sciences and Materials Technologies, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Amina Antonacci
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Department of Chemical Sciences and Materials Technologies, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Scognamiglio
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Department of Chemical Sciences and Materials Technologies, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fajardo Á, Perbolianachis P, Ferreiro I, Moreno P, Moratorio G. Molecular accuracy vs antigenic speed: SARS-CoV-2 testing strategies. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 62:152-158. [PMID: 35042168 PMCID: PMC8687762 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has hit every corner of the world faster than any infectious disease ever known. In this context, rapid and accurate testing of positive cases are essential to follow the test-trace-isolate strategy (TETRIS), which has proven to be a key approach to constrain viral spread. Here, we discuss how to interpret and combine molecular or/and antigen-based detection methods for SARS-CoV-2 as well as when they should be used. Their application can be cleverly designed as an algorithm to prevent viral dissemination according to distinct epidemiological contexts within surveillance programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Fajardo
- Laboratorio de Evolución Experimental de Virus, Institut Pasteur, Montevideo, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Paula Perbolianachis
- Laboratorio de Evolución Experimental de Virus, Institut Pasteur, Montevideo, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Irene Ferreiro
- Laboratorio de Evolución Experimental de Virus, Institut Pasteur, Montevideo, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pilar Moreno
- Laboratorio de Evolución Experimental de Virus, Institut Pasteur, Montevideo, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Gonzalo Moratorio
- Laboratorio de Evolución Experimental de Virus, Institut Pasteur, Montevideo, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| |
Collapse
|