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Chang YW, Lin JP, Ling SJ, Chen YC, Liu HM, Lu YW. Pipette-operable microfluidic devices with hydrophobic valves in sequential dispensing with various liquid samples: multiplex disease assay by RT-LAMP. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3112-3124. [PMID: 38758131 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00209a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidic dispensing technologies often require additional equipment, posing challenges for their integration into point-of-care testing (POCT) applications. In response to this challenge, we have developed a pipette-operable microfluidic device fabricated using 3D printing technology for precise liquid dispensing. This device features three reaction chambers and three distinct hydrophobic valves to control the flow direction of liquids. Through these valves, the pipette-operable microfluidic device can sequentially dispense and isolate the liquid into the three reaction chambers, allowing for the individual conduction of three distinct reactions. These hydrophobic valves, with optimized flow resistance and burst pressure, can sustain a volumetric flow rate of up to 25 μL s-1, making them compatible with a standard pipette, a syringe, or a dropper operation. Furthermore, the device is successfully used to operate with various liquids, including BSA, DMEM, FBS, plasma, and blood, representing that the device has the potential to be used for various applications. Additionally, distinct RT-LAMP primer sets have been incorporated for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, and influenza B within each chamber through lyophilization. This pipette-operable microfluidic device serves as a versatile tool for diagnosing these three diseases using a single loading process, with results readable by the naked eye or image assay within 30 minutes of incubation. Finally, the design concepts are extended to engineer a microfluidic device with 20 reaction chambers, offering significant potential for multi-disease diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Jhih-Pu Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shiu-Jie Ling
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yen-Chun Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Helene Minyi Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yen-Wen Lu
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Sun X, Zhao R, Wang X, Wu Y, Yang D, Wang J, Wu Z, Wang N, Zhang J, Xiao B, Chen J, Huang F, Chen A. A smartphone-based diagnostic analyzer for point-of-care milk somatic cell counting. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1304:342540. [PMID: 38637050 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mastitis, a pervasive and detrimental disease in dairy farming, poses a significant challenge to the global dairy industry. Monitoring the milk somatic cell count (SCC) is vital for assessing the incidence of mastitis and the quality of raw cow's milk. However, existing SCC detection methods typically require large-scale instruments and specialized operators, limiting their application in resource-constrained settings such as dairy farms and small-scale labs. To address these limitations, this study introduces a novel, smartphone-based, on-site SCC testing method that leverages smartphone capabilities for milk somatic cell identification and enumeration, offering a portable and user-friendly testing platform. RESULTS The central findings of our study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for counting milk somatic cells. Its on-site applicability, facilitated by the microfluidic chip, optical system, and smartphone integration, heralds a paradigm shift in point-of-care testing (POCT) for dairy farms and smaller laboratories. This approach bypasses complex processing and presents a user-friendly solution for real-time SCC monitoring in resource-limited settings. This device boasts several unique features: small size, low cost (<$1,000 total manufacturing cost and <$1 per test), and high accuracy. Remarkably, it delivers test results within just 2 min. Actual-sample testing confirmed its consistency with results from the commercial Bentley FTS/FCM cytometer, affirming the reliability of the proposed method. Overall, these results underscore the potential for transformative change in dairy farm management and laboratory testing practices. SIGNIFICANCE In summary, this study concludes that the proposed smartphone-based method significantly contributes to the accessibility and ease of SCC testing in resource-limited environments. By fostering the use of POCT technology in food safety control, particularly in the dairy industry, this innovative approach has the potential to revolutionize the monitoring and management of mastitis, ultimately benefiting the global dairy sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Sun
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Ruiming Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xianhua Wang
- Beijing BETA Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 101300, China.
| | - Yunlong Wu
- Beijing BETA Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 101300, China.
| | - Degang Yang
- Beijing BETA Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 101300, China.
| | - Jianhui Wang
- Beijing BETA Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 101300, China.
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Beijing BETA Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 101300, China.
| | - Nan Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Juan Zhang
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Bin Xiao
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jiaci Chen
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Fengchun Huang
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Ailiang Chen
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Choi J, Lee EH, Kang SM, Jeong HH. A Facile Method to Fabricate an Enclosed Paper-Based Analytical Device via Double-Sided Patterning for Ionic Contaminant Detection. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:915. [PMID: 37887108 PMCID: PMC10605057 DOI: 10.3390/bios13100915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have been developed for use in a variety of diagnosis and analysis fields. However, conventional μPADs with an open-channel system have limitations for application as analytical platforms mainly because of the evaporation and contamination of the sample solution. This study demonstrates the design and fabrication of an enclosed three-dimensional(3D)-μPAD and its application as a primary early analysis platform for ionic contaminants. To generate the hydrophobic PDMS barrier, double-sided patterning is carried out using a PDMS blade-coated stamp mold that is fabricated using 3D printing. The selective PDMS patterning can be achieved with controlled PDMS permeation of the cellulose substrate using 3D-designed stamp molds. We find the optimal conditions enabling the formation of enclosed channels, including round shape pattern and inter-pattern distance of 10 mm of stamp design, contact time of 0.5 min, and spacer height of 300 µm of double-sided patterning procedure. As a proof of concept, this enclosed 3D-μPAD is used for the simultaneous colorimetric detection of heavy metal ions in a concentration range of 0.1-2000 ppm, including nickel (Ni2+), copper (Cu2+), mercury (Hg2+), and radioactive isotope cesium-137 ions (Cs+). We confirm that qualitative analysis and image-based quantitative analysis with high reliability are possible through rapid color changes within 3 min. The limits of detection (LOD) for 0.55 ppm of Ni2+, 5.05 ppm of Cu2+, 0.188 ppm of Hg2+, and 0.016 ppm of Cs+ are observed, respectively. In addition, we confirm that the analysis is highly reliable in a wide range of ion concentrations with CV values below 3% for Ni2+ (0.56%), Cu2+ (0.45%), Hg2+ (1.35%), and Cs+ (2.18%). This method could be a promising technique to develop a 3D-μPAD with various applications as a primary early analysis device in the environmental and biological industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsol Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Chonnam National University, 50 Daehak-ro, Yeosu 59626, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eun-Ho Lee
- Department of Green Chemical Engineering, Sangmyung University, 31 Sangmyungdae-gil, Cheonan 31066, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung-Min Kang
- Department of Green Chemical Engineering, Sangmyung University, 31 Sangmyungdae-gil, Cheonan 31066, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea;
- Future Environment and Energy Research Institute, Sangmyung University, 31 Sangmyungdae-gil, Cheonan 31066, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon-Ho Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Chonnam National University, 50 Daehak-ro, Yeosu 59626, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea;
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Ko A, Liao C. Paper-based colorimetric sensors for point-of-care testing. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:4377-4404. [PMID: 37641934 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00943b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
By eliminating the need for sample transportation and centralized laboratory analysis, point-of-care testing (POCT) enables on-the-spot testing, with results available within minutes, leading to improved patient management and overall healthcare efficiency. Motivated by the rapid development of POCT, paper-based colorimetric sensing, a powerful analytical technique that exploits the changes in color or absorbance of a chemical species to detect and quantify analytes of interest, has garnered increasing attention. In this review, we strive to provide a bird's eye view of the development landscape of paper-based colorimetric sensors that harness the unique properties of paper to create low-cost, easy-to-use, and disposable analytical devices, thematically covering both fundamental aspects and categorized applications. In the end, we authors summarized the review with the remaining challenges and emerging opportunities. Hopefully, this review will ignite new research endeavors in the realm of paper-based colorimetric sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Ko
- Renaissance Bio, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caizhi Liao
- Renaissance Bio, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Yang C, Yang Y, Zhao G, Wang H, Dai Y, Huang X. A Low-Cost Microfluidic-Based Detection Device for Rapid Identification and Quantification of Biomarkers-Based on a Smartphone. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:753. [PMID: 37504151 PMCID: PMC10377552 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The sensitive and rapid detection of microsamples is crucial for early diagnosis of diseases. The short response times and low sample volume requirements of microfluidic chips have shown great potential in early diagnosis, but there are still shortcomings such as complex preparation processes and high costs. We developed a low-cost smartphone-based fluorescence detection device (Smartphone-BFDD) without precision equipment for rapid identification and quantification of biomarkers on glass capillary. The device combines microfluidic technology with RGB image analysis, effectively reducing the sample volume to 20 μL and detection time to only 30 min. For the sensitivity of the device, we constructed a standard sandwich immunoassay (antibody-antigen-antibody) in a glass capillary using the N-protein of SARS-CoV-2 as a biological model, realizing a low limit of detection (LOD, 40 ng mL-1). This device provides potential applications for different biomarkers and offers wide use for rapid biochemical analysis in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonghui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yujing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Gaozhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
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Hu N, Wan H. Electrical/Optical Biosensing and Regulating Technology. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:634. [PMID: 37367000 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Biosensing has emerged as a powerful tool for exploring biomedical mechanisms [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China
| | - Hao Wan
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310053, China
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Kummari S, Panicker LR, Rao Bommi J, Karingula S, Sunil Kumar V, Mahato K, Goud KY. Trends in Paper-Based Sensing Devices for Clinical and Environmental Monitoring. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13040420. [PMID: 37185495 PMCID: PMC10135896 DOI: 10.3390/bios13040420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Environmental toxic pollutants and pathogens that enter the ecosystem are major global issues. Detection of these toxic chemicals/pollutants and the diagnosis of a disease is a first step in efficiently controlling their contamination and spread, respectively. Various analytical techniques are available to detect and determine toxic chemicals/pathogens, including liquid chromatography, HPLC, mass spectroscopy, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. However, these sensing strategies have some drawbacks such as tedious sample pretreatment and preparation, the requirement for skilled technicians, and dependence on large laboratory-based instruments. Alternatively, biosensors, especially paper-based sensors, could be used extensively and are a cost-effective alternative to conventional laboratory testing. They can improve accessibility to testing to identify chemicals and pollutants, especially in developing countries. Due to its low cost, abundance, easy disposal (by incineration, for example) and biocompatible nature, paper is considered a versatile material for the development of environmentally friendly electrochemical/optical (bio) sensor devices. This review presents an overview of sensing platforms constructed from paper, pointing out the main merits and demerits of paper-based sensing systems, their fabrication techniques, and the different optical/electrochemical detection techniques that they exploit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekher Kummari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad 678557, Kerala, India
| | - Lakshmi R Panicker
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad 678557, Kerala, India
| | | | - Sampath Karingula
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Venisheety Sunil Kumar
- Department of Physical Sciences, Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Science, Warangal 506015, Telangana, India
| | - Kuldeep Mahato
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kotagiri Yugender Goud
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad 678557, Kerala, India
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Chen F, Hu Q, Li H, Xie Y, Xiu L, Zhang Y, Guo X, Yin K. Multiplex Detection of Infectious Diseases on Microfluidic Platforms. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13030410. [PMID: 36979622 PMCID: PMC10046538 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases contribute significantly to the global disease burden. Sensitive and accurate screening methods are some of the most effective means of identifying sources of infection and controlling infectivity. Conventional detecting strategies such as quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), DNA sequencing, and mass spectrometry typically require bulky equipment and well-trained personnel. Therefore, mass screening of a large population using conventional strategies during pandemic periods often requires additional manpower, resources, and time, which cannot be guaranteed in resource-limited settings. Recently, emerging microfluidic technologies have shown the potential to replace conventional methods in performing point-of-care detection because they are automated, miniaturized, and integrated. By exploiting the spatial separation of detection sites, microfluidic platforms can enable the multiplex detection of infectious diseases to reduce the possibility of misdiagnosis and incomplete diagnosis of infectious diseases with similar symptoms. This review presents the recent advances in microfluidic platforms used for multiplex detection of infectious diseases, including microfluidic immunosensors and microfluidic nucleic acid sensors. As representative microfluidic platforms, lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) platforms, polymer-based chips, paper-based devices, and droplet-based devices will be discussed in detail. In addition, the current challenges, commercialization, and prospects are proposed to promote the application of microfluidic platforms in infectious disease detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumin Chen
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 227 Chongqing South Road, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University—The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qinqin Hu
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 227 Chongqing South Road, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University—The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Huimin Li
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 227 Chongqing South Road, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University—The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yi Xie
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 227 Chongqing South Road, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University—The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Leshan Xiu
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 227 Chongqing South Road, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University—The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuqian Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgery Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xiaokui Guo
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 227 Chongqing South Road, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University—The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Kun Yin
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 227 Chongqing South Road, Shanghai 200025, China
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University—The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai 200025, China
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Paper functionalization for detection of Plasmodium falciparum DNA using square waves voltammetry. Talanta 2023; 252:123839. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Yamaguchi H, Miyazaki M. Enzyme-immobilized microfluidic devices for biomolecule detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Ghasemi F, Fahimi-Kashani N, Bigdeli A, Alshatteri AH, Abbasi-Moayed S, Al-Jaf SH, Merry MY, Omer KM, Hormozi-Nezhad MR. Paper-based optical nanosensors – A review. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1238:340640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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