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Moulahoum H, Ghorbanizamani F, Timur S. Laser-printed paper ELISA and hydroxyapatite immobilization for colorimetric congenital anomalies screening in saliva. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1306:342617. [PMID: 38692789 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a fetal protein that can indicate congenital anomalies such as Down syndrome and spinal canal blockage when detected at abnormal levels in pregnant women. Current AFP detection methods rely on invasive blood or serum samples, which require sophisticated equipment. From the many solutions proposed, colorimetric paper-based assays excel in point-of-care settings. The concept of paper-based ELISA (p-ELISA) enhances traditional methods, aligning with the ASSURED criteria for diagnostics in resource-limited regions. Despite success in microfluidic paper-based assay devices, laser printing remains underexplored for p-ELISA. Additionally, modifying the paper surface provides an additional layer of sensitivity enhancement. RESULTS In this study, we developed a novel laser-printed paper-based ELISA (LP-pELISA) for rapid, sensitive, and noninvasive detection of AFP in saliva samples. The LP-pELISA platform was fabricated by printing hydrophobic barriers on filter paper using a laser printer, followed by depositing hydroxyapatite (HAp) as an immobilization material for the antibodies. The colorimetric detection was achieved using AuNPs functionalized with anti-AFP antibodies and silver nitrate enhancement. The LP-pELISA exhibited a linear response for AFP detection in both buffer and saliva samples over a range of 1.0-800 ng mL-1, with a limit of detection (LOD) reaching 1.0 ng mL-1. The assay also demonstrated good selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility, and stability. The LP-pELISA was further validated by testing spiked human saliva samples, showing its potential for point-of-care diagnosis of congenital disabilities. SIGNIFICANCE The LP-pELISA is a noninvasive platform showcasing simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and user-friendliness, utilizing laser printing, hydroxyapatite modification, and saliva samples to efficiently detect AFP. Beyond its application for AFP, this method's versatility extends to other biomarkers, positioning it as a catalyst for the evolution of paper-based biosensors. The LP-pELISA holds promise as a transformative tool for point-of-care diagnostics, fostering advancements in healthcare with its innovative technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hichem Moulahoum
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Faezeh Ghorbanizamani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Suna Timur
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey; Central Research Testing and Analysis Laboratory Research and Application Center, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
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Shan CW, Chen Z, Han GC, Feng XZ, Kraatz HB. Electrochemical immuno-biosensors for the detection of the tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein: A review. Talanta 2024; 271:125638. [PMID: 38237279 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a glycoprotein that has many important physiological functions, including transportation, immunosuppression, and induction of apoptosis by T lymphocytes. AFP is closely related to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and many kinds of tumors, all of which can show high concentrations, so it is used as a positive test indicator for many kinds of tumors. This paper reviews recent advances in the detection of the tumor marker AFP based on three immuno-biosensors: electrochemical (EC), photoelectrochemical (PEC), and electrochemical luminescence (ECL). The electrodes are modified by different materials or homemade composites, different signaling molecules are selected as single probes or dual probes for the detection of AFP. The detection limit was as low as 3 fg/mL, which indicated that the AFP immunosensor had achieved highly sensitive detection. In addition, we also reviewed and summarized the current development status and application prospect of AFP immunoelectrochemical sensors. There are not too many researches on immunosensors based on dual-signal ratios, and the commonly used probes are methylene blue (MB) and ferrocene (Fc). It would be more innovative to have more novel signaling molecules as probes to prepare dual-signal ratio sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Wei Shan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guangxi Human Physiological Information Non Invasive Detection Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors and Intelligent Instruments, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Zhencheng Chen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guangxi Human Physiological Information Non Invasive Detection Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors and Intelligent Instruments, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Guo-Cheng Han
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guangxi Human Physiological Information Non Invasive Detection Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors and Intelligent Instruments, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Zhen Feng
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guangxi Human Physiological Information Non Invasive Detection Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors and Intelligent Instruments, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Heinz-Bernhard Kraatz
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1065 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, M1C 1A4, Canada.
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Cong B, Liang W, Lai W, Jiang M, Ma C, Zhao C, Jiang W, Zhang S, Li H, Hong C. A signal amplification electrochemiluminescence biosensor based on Ru(bpy) 32+ and β-cyclodextrin for detection of AFP. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 156:108626. [PMID: 38128442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
By combining two different materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOF) and β-cyclodextrins (β-CD), a signal amplification electrochemical luminescence (ECL) immunosensor was constructed to realize the sensitive detection of AFP. The indium-based metal-organic framework (In-MOF) was used as the carrier of Ru(bpy)32+, and Ru(bpy)32+ was immobilized by In-MOF through suitable pore size and electrostatic interaction. At the same time, using host-guest recognition, β-CD enriched TPA into the hydrophobic cavity for accelerating the electronic excitation of TPA, then, achieving the purpose of signal amplification. The signal amplification immunosensor structure is constructed among the primary antibody Ab1 connected to the Ru(bpy)32+@In-MOF modified electrode, AFP, BSA and the secondary antibody (Ab2) loaded with TPA-β-CD. The immunosensor has a good linearity in the range of 10-5 ng/mL-50 ng/mL, and the low limit of detection (LOD) is 1.1 × 10-6 ng/mL. In addition, the electrochemiluminescence immunosensor that we designed has strong stability, good selectivity and repeatability, which provides a choice for the analysis of AFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Cong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjin Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Lai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhe Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoyun Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chulei Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaopeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongling Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chenglin Hong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, People's Republic of China.
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Tanjung AP, Yin K, Zhao L, Wu JZ, Wang AJ, Mei LP, Song P, Feng JJ. Target-regulated photoactivities of CdS/Ni-MOF heterojunction with [Ru(bpy) 2dppz] 2+ intercalator: a bisphenol A photoelectrochemical aptasensor. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:139. [PMID: 38360951 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an important endocrine disrupting compound, has infiltrated human daily lives through electronic devices, food containers, and children's toys. Developing of novel BPA assay methods with high sensitivity holds tremendous importance in valuing the pollution state. Here, we constructed an ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor for BPA determination by regulating photoactivities of CdS/Ni-based metal-organic framework (CdS/Ni-MOF) with [Ru(bpy)2dppz]2+ sensitizer. CdS/Ni-MOF spheres exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance, serving as a potential sensing platform for the construction of target recognition process. [Ru(bpy)2dppz]2+ were embedded into DNA double-stranded structure, functioning as sensitizer for modulating the signal response of the developed PEC aptasensor. The proposed PEC sensor exhibited outstanding analytical performances, including a wide linear range (0.1 to 1000.0 nM), low detection limit (0.026 nM, at 3σ/m), excellent selectivity, and high stability. This work provides a perspective for the design of ideal photosensitive materials and signal amplification strategies and extends their application in environment analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisyah Protonia Tanjung
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Ke Yin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Jiang-Zhou Wu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Ai-Jun Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Li-Ping Mei
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Pei Song
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, 321000, China.
| | - Jiu-Ju Feng
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
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5
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Wang Y, Rong Y, Ma T, Li L, Li X, Zhu P, Zhou S, Yu J, Zhang Y. Photoelectrochemical sensors based on paper and their emerging applications in point-of-care testing. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 236:115400. [PMID: 37271095 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care testing (POCT) technology is urgently required owing to the prevalence of the Internet of Things and portable electronics. In light of the attractive properties of low background and high sensitivity caused by the complete separation of excitation source and detection signal, the paper-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors, featured with fast in analysis, disposable and environmental-friendly have become one of the most promising strategies in POCT. Therefore, in this review, the latest advances and principal issues in the design and fabrication of portable paper-based PEC sensors for POCT are systematically discussed. Primarily, the flexible electronic devices that can be constructed by paper and the reasons why they can be used in PEC sensors are expounded. Afterwards, the photosensitive materials involved in paper-based PEC sensor and the signal amplification strategies are emphatically introduced. Subsequently, the application of paper-based PEC sensors in medical diagnosis, environmental monitoring and food safety are further discussed. Finally, the main opportunities and challenges of paper-based PEC sensing platforms for POCT are briefly summarized. It provides a distinct perspective for researchers to construct paper-based PEC sensors with portable and cost-effective, hoping to enlighten the fast development of POCT soon after, as well as benefit human society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yumeng Rong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Tinglei Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Xu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Peihua Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Jinghua Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China; Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
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6
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Kayani FB, Rafique S, Akram R, Hussain M, Bashir S, Nasir R, Khan JS. A simple, sensitive, label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on the chitosan-coated silver/cerium oxide (CS@Ag/CeO 2) nanocomposites for the detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:265501. [PMID: 36996770 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acc8d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide-based sensors have the benefit of inexpensive, quick response, and high sensitivity in detecting specific biological species. In this article, a simple electrochemical immunosensor was fabricated using antibody-chitosan coated silver/cerium oxide (Ab-CS@Ag/CeO2) nanocomposites on a gold electrode for sensitive alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) diagnosis in human serum samples. Successfully synthesis of AFP antibody-CS@Ag/CeO2conjugates was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectra of the prototype. The amine coupling bond chemistry was then used to immobilize the resultant conjugate on a gold electrode surface. It was observed that the interaction of the synthesized Ab-CS@Ag/CeO2nanocomposites with AFP prevented an electron transfer and reduced the voltammetric Fe(CN)63-/4-peak current, which was proportional to the amount of AFP. The linear ranges of AFP concentration were found from 10-12-10-6g.ml-1. The limit of detection was calculated using the calibration curve and came out to be 0.57 pg.ml-1. The designed label-free immunosensor successfully detected AFP in human serum samples. As a result, the resulting immunosensor is a promising sensor plate form for AFP detection and could be used in clinical bioanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saima Rafique
- Department of Physics, Air University, PAF Complex, E-9, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Akram
- Department of Physics, Air University, PAF Complex, E-9, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Mozaffar Hussain
- Department of Physics, Air University, PAF Complex, E-9, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Bashir
- Department of Physics & Applied Mathematics, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan
| | - Rubina Nasir
- Department of Physics, Air University, PAF Complex, E-9, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Jan Sher Khan
- Department of Physics, Air University, PAF Complex, E-9, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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7
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Li X, Huang J, Ding J, Xiu M, Huang K, Cui K, Zhang J, Hao S, Zhang Y, Yu J, Huang Y. PEC/Colorimetric Dual-Mode Lab-on-Paper Device via BiVO 4/FeOOH Nanocomposite In Situ Modification on Paper Fibers for Sensitive CEA Detection. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13010103. [PMID: 36671939 PMCID: PMC9855910 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A dual-mode lab-on-paper device based on BiVO4/FeOOH nanocomposites as an efficient generating photoelectrochemical (PEC)/colorimetric signal reporter has been successfully constructed by integration of the lab-on-paper sensing platform and PEC/colorimetric detection technologies for sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Concretely, the BiVO4/FeOOH nanocomposites were in situ synthesized onto the paper-working electrode (PWE) through hydrothermal synthesis of the BiVO4 layer on cellulose fibers (paper-based BiVO4) which were initially modified by Au nanoparticles for improving the conductivity of three dimensional PWE, and then the photo-electrodeposition of FeOOH onto the paper-based BiVO4 to construct the paper-based BiVO4/FeOOH for the portable dual-mode lab-on-paper device. The obtained nanocomposites with an FeOOH needle-like structure deposited on the BiVO4 layer exhibits enhanced PEC response activity due to its effective separation of the electron-hole pair which could further accelerate the PEC conversion efficiency during the sensing process. With the introduction of CEA targets onto the surface of nanocomposite-modified PWE assisted by the interaction with the CEA antibody from a specific recognition property, a signal-off PEC signal state with a remarkable photocurrent response decreasing trend can be achieved, realizing the quantitative detection of CEA with the PEC signal readout mode. By means of a smart origami paper folding, the colorimetric signal readout is achieved by catalyzing 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to generate blue oxidized TMB in the presence of H2O2 due to the satisfied enzyme-like catalytic activity of the needle-like structure, FeOOH, thereby achieving the dual-mode signal readout system for the proposed lab-on-paper device. Under the optimal conditions, the PEC and colorimetric signals measurement were effectively carried out, and the corresponding linear ranges were 0.001-200 ng·mL-1 and 0.5-100 ng·mL-1 separately, with the limit of detection of 0.0008 and 0.013 ng·mL-1 for each dual-mode. The prepared lab-on-paper device also presented a successful application in serum samples for the detection of CEA, providing a potential pathway for the sensitive detection of target biomarkers in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Jiali Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Jiayu Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Mingzhen Xiu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kang Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kang Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Shiji Hao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yizhong Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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