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Maltz-Matyschsyk M, Melchiorre CK, Knecht DA, Lynes MA. Bacterial metallothionein, PmtA, a novel stress protein found on the bacterial surface of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and involved in management of oxidative stress and phagocytosis. mSphere 2024; 9:e0021024. [PMID: 38712943 PMCID: PMC11237414 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00210-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are small cysteine-rich proteins that play important roles in homeostasis and protection against heavy metal toxicity and oxidative stress. The opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, expresses a bacterial MT known as PmtA. Utilizing genetically modified P. aeruginosa PAO1 strains (a human clinical wound isolate), we show that inducing pmtA increases levels of pyocyanin and biofilm compared to other PAO1 isogenic strains, supporting previous results that pmtA is important for pyocyanin and biofilm production. We also show that overexpression of pmtA in vitro provides protection for cells exposed to oxidants, which is a characteristic of inflammation, indicating a role for PmtA as an antioxidant in inflammation. We found that a pmtA clean deletion mutant is phagocytized faster than other PAO1 isogenic strains in THP-1 human macrophage cells, indicating that PmtA provides protection from the phagocytic attack. Interestingly, we observed that monoclonal anti-PmtA antibody binds to PmtA, which is accessible on the surface of PAO1 strains using both flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. Finally, we investigated intracellular persistence of these PAO1 strains within THP-1 macrophages cells and found that the phagocytic endurance of PAO1 strains is affected by pmtA expression. These data show for the first time that a bacterial MT (pmtA) can play a role in the phagocytic process and can be found on the outer surface of PAO1. Our results suggest that PmtA plays a role both in protection from oxidative stress and in the resistance to the host's innate immune response, identifying PmtA as a potential therapeutic target in P. aeruginosa infection. IMPORTANCE The pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a highly problematic multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen with complex virulence networks. MDR P. aeruginosa infections have been associated with increased clinical visits, very poor healthcare outcomes, and these infections are ranked as critical on priority lists of both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization. Known P. aeruginosa virulence factors have been extensively studied and are implicated in counteracting host defenses, causing direct damage to the host tissues, and increased microbial competitiveness. Targeting virulence factors has emerged as a new line of defense in the battle against MDR P. aeruginosa strains. Bacterial metallothionein is a newly recognized virulence factor that enables evasion of the host immune response. The studies described here identify mechanisms in which bacterial metallothionein (PmtA) plays a part in P. aeruginosa pathogenicity and identifies PmtA as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clare K Melchiorre
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - David A Knecht
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael A Lynes
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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2
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Widyasari DA, Kristiani A, Randy A, Manurung RV, Dewi RT, Andreani AS, Yuliarto B, Jenie SNA. Optimized antibody immobilization on natural silica-based nanostructures for the selective detection of E. coli. RSC Adv 2022; 12:21582-21590. [PMID: 35975066 PMCID: PMC9346624 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03143d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports for the first time the surface modification of fluorescent nanoparticles derived from geothermal silica precipitate with Escherichia coli (E. coli) antibody. The immobilization of biomolecules on the inorganic surface has been carried out using two different pathways, namely the silanization and hydrosilylation reactions. The former applied (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) as the crosslinker, while the latter used N-hydroxysuccinimide coupled with N-ethyl-N'-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC/NHS). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDX), and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to confirm the chemical, physical, and optical properties of the surface-modified fluorescent silica nanoparticles (FSNPs). Based on the results of the FTIR, fluorescence spectroscopy and stability tests, the modified FSNPs with EDC/NHS with a ratio of 4 : 1 were proven to provide the optimum results for further conjugation with antibodies, affording the FSNP-Ab2 sample. The FSNP-Ab2 sample was further tested as a nanoplatform for the fluorescence-quenching detection of E. coli, which provided a linear range of 102 to 107 CFU mL-1 for E. coli with a limit of detection (LoD) of 1.6 × 102 CFU mL-1. The selectivity of the biosensor was observed to be excellent for E. coli compared to that for P. aeruginosa and S. typhimurium, with reductions in the maximum fluorescence intensity at 588 nm of 89.22%, 26.23%, and 54.06%, respectively. The inorganic nanostructure-biomolecule conjugation with optimized coupling agents showed promising analytical performance as a selective nanoplatform for detecting E. coli bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diaz Ayu Widyasari
- Research Centre for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Kawasan PUSPIPTEK, Building 452, Serpong Tangerang Selatan 15314 Banten Indonesia
- Department of Physics Engineering, Research Centre for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40312 Jawa Barat Indonesia
| | - Anis Kristiani
- Research Centre for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Kawasan PUSPIPTEK, Building 452, Serpong Tangerang Selatan 15314 Banten Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Randy
- Research Centre for Raw Material for Medicine and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Kawasan PUSPIPTEK, Serpong Tangerang Selatan 15314 Banten Indonesia
| | - Robeth V Manurung
- BRIN and ITB Collaboration Research Center for Biosensor and Biodevices Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Jawa Barat Indonesia
- Research Centre for Telecommunications, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Komplek LIPI Gd. 20, Jl. Cisitu Lama, Dago, Kecamatan Coblong Bandung 40135 Jawa Barat Indonesia
| | - Rizna Triana Dewi
- Research Centre for Raw Material for Medicine and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Kawasan PUSPIPTEK, Serpong Tangerang Selatan 15314 Banten Indonesia
| | - Agustina Sus Andreani
- Research Centre for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Kawasan PUSPIPTEK, Building 452, Serpong Tangerang Selatan 15314 Banten Indonesia
- BRIN and ITB Collaboration Research Center for Biosensor and Biodevices Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Jawa Barat Indonesia
| | - Brian Yuliarto
- Department of Physics Engineering, Research Centre for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40312 Jawa Barat Indonesia
- BRIN and ITB Collaboration Research Center for Biosensor and Biodevices Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Jawa Barat Indonesia
| | - S N Aisyiyah Jenie
- Research Centre for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Kawasan PUSPIPTEK, Building 452, Serpong Tangerang Selatan 15314 Banten Indonesia
- BRIN and ITB Collaboration Research Center for Biosensor and Biodevices Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Jawa Barat Indonesia
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3
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Costa SP, Nogueira CL, Cunha AP, Lisac A, Carvalho CM. Potential of bacteriophage proteins as recognition molecules for pathogen detection. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2022:1-18. [PMID: 35848817 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2071671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens are leading causes of infections with high mortality worldwide having a great impact on healthcare systems and the food industry. Gold standard methods for bacterial detection mainly rely on culture-based technologies and biochemical tests which are laborious and time-consuming. Regardless of several developments in existing methods, the goal of achieving high sensitivity and specificity, as well as a low detection limit, remains unaccomplished. In past years, various biorecognition elements, such as antibodies, enzymes, aptamers, or nucleic acids, have been widely used, being crucial for the pathogens detection in different complex matrices. However, these molecules are usually associated with high detection limits, demand laborious and costly production, and usually present cross-reactivity. (Bacterio)phage-encoded proteins, especially the receptor binding proteins (RBPs) and cell-wall binding domains (CBDs) of endolysins, are responsible for the phage binding to the bacterial surface receptors in different stages of the phage lytic cycle. Due to their remarkable properties, such as high specificity, sensitivity, stability, and ability to be easily engineered, they are appointed as excellent candidates to replace conventional recognition molecules, thereby contributing to the improvement of the detection methods. Moreover, they offer several possibilities of application in a variety of detection systems, such as magnetic, optical, and electrochemical. Herein we provide a review of phage-derived bacterial binding proteins, namely the RBPs and CBDs, with the prospect to be employed as recognition elements for bacteria. Moreover, we summarize and discuss the various existing methods based on these proteins for the detection of nosocomial and foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana P Costa
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores-Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN), IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnolnology, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina L Nogueira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores-Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN), IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnolnology, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandra P Cunha
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Lisac
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Carla M Carvalho
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
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4
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Yang H, Xue J, Li J, Hu G, Li H, Lu S, Fu Z. Green fluorescent protein-fused bacteriophage cellular wall-binding domain as broad-spectrum signal probe for fluorimetry of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1207:339799. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Azzam AM, Shenashen MA, Selim MS, Mostafa B, Tawfik A, El-Safty SA. Vancomycin-Loaded Furriness Amino Magnetic Nanospheres for Rapid Detection of Gram-Positive Water Bacterial Contamination. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030510. [PMID: 35159855 PMCID: PMC8839226 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens pose high threat to public health worldwide. Different types of nanomaterials have been synthesized for the rapid detection and elimination of pathogens from environmental samples. However, the selectivity of these materials remains challenging, because target bacterial pathogens commonly exist in complex samples at ultralow concentrations. In this study, we fabricated novel furry amino magnetic poly-L-ornithine (PLO)/amine-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-COOH/vancomycin (VCM) (AM-PPV) nanospheres with high-loading VCM for vehicle tracking and the highly efficient capture of pathogens. The magnetic core was coated with organosilica and functionalized with cilia. The core consisted of PEG/PLO loaded with VCM conjugated to Gram-positive bacterial cell membranes, forming hydrogen bonds with terminal peptides. The characterization of AM-PPV nanospheres revealed an average particle size of 56 nm. The field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) micrographs showed well-controlled spherical AM-PPV nanospheres with an average size of 56 nm. The nanospheres were relatively rough and contained an additional 12.4 nm hydrodynamic layer of PLO/PEG/VCM, which provided additional stability in the suspension. The furry AM-PPV nanospheres exhibited a significant capture efficiency (>90%) and a high selectivity for detecting Bacillus cereus (employed as a model for Gram-positive bacteria) within 15 min, even in the presence of other biocompatible pathogens. Moreover, AM-PPV nanospheres rapidly and accurately detected B. cereus at levels less than 10 CFU/mL. The furry nano-design can potentially satisfy the increasing demand for the rapid and sensitive detection of pathogens in clinical and environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Azzam
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba-shi 305-0047, Ibaraki-ken, Japan; (A.M.A.); (M.S.S.)
- Environmental Research Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Imbaba, Giza 12411, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. Shenashen
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba-shi 305-0047, Ibaraki-ken, Japan; (A.M.A.); (M.S.S.)
- Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo 11727, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.A.S.); (S.A.E.-S.)
| | - Mohamed S. Selim
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba-shi 305-0047, Ibaraki-ken, Japan; (A.M.A.); (M.S.S.)
- Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo 11727, Egypt
| | - Bayaumy Mostafa
- Environmental Research Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Imbaba, Giza 12411, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Tawfik
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Sherif A. El-Safty
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba-shi 305-0047, Ibaraki-ken, Japan; (A.M.A.); (M.S.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.S.); (S.A.E.-S.)
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Ghasemi F, Razi S. Novel Photonic Bio-Chip Sensor Based on Strained Graphene Sheets for Blood Cell Sorting. Molecules 2021; 26:5585. [PMID: 34577055 PMCID: PMC8467184 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A photonic biochip with a tunable response in the visible range is suggested for blood cell sorting applications. Multi-layers of ZnS and Ge slabs (as the main building blocks), hosting a cell in which bio-sample could be injected, are considered as the core of the sensor. In order to increase the sensitivity of the chip, the bio-cell is capsulated inside air slabs, and its walls are coated with graphene sheets. Paying special attention to white and red blood components, the optimum values for structural parameters are extracted first. Tunability of the sensor detectivity is then explored by finding the role of the probe light incident angle, as well as its polarization. The strain of the graphene layer and angle in which it is applied are also suggested to further improve the performance tunability. Results reflect that the biochip can effectively identify selected components through their induced different optical features, besides of the different figure of merit and sensitivity amounts that are recorded for them by the sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ghasemi
- Laser Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sepehr Razi
- Optics and Laser Engineering Group, Department of Industrial Technologies, Urmia University of Technology (UUT), Urmia 57166-17165, Iran;
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Surface Plasmon Resonance Assay for Label‐Free and Selective Detection of
Xylella Fastidiosa. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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8
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Shilina PV, Ignatyeva DO, Kapralov PO, Sekatskii SK, Nur-E-Alam M, Vasiliev M, Alameh K, Achanta VG, Song Y, Hamidi SM, Zvezdin AK, Belotelov VI. Nanophotonic structures with optical surface modes for tunable spin current generation. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:5791-5799. [PMID: 33704301 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08692d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We propose a novel type of photonic-crystal (PC)-based nanostructures for efficient and tunable optically-induced spin current generation via the spin Seebeck and inverse spin Hall effects. It has been experimentally demonstrated that optical surface modes localized at the PC surface covered by ferromagnetic layer and materials with giant spin-orbit coupling (SOC) notably increase the efficiency of the optically-induced spin current generation, and provides its tunability by modifying the light wavelength or angle of incidence. Up to 100% of the incident light power can be transferred to heat within the SOC layer and, therefore, to the spin current. Importantly, the high efficiency becomes accessible even for ultra-thin SOC layers. Moreover, the surface patterning of the PC-based spintronic nanostructure allows for the local generation of spin currents at the pattern scales rather than the diameter of the laser beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V Shilina
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 101000, Russia.
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9
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Ignatyeva D, Kapralov P, Golovko P, Shilina P, Khramova A, Sekatskii S, Nur-E-Alam M, Alameh K, Vasiliev M, Kalish A, Belotelov V. Sensing of Surface and Bulk Refractive Index Using Magnetophotonic Crystal with Hybrid Magneto-Optical Response. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:1984. [PMID: 33799799 PMCID: PMC8000496 DOI: 10.3390/s21061984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We propose an all-dielectric magneto-photonic crystal with a hybrid magneto-optical response that allows for the simultaneous measurements of the surface and bulk refractive index of the analyzed substance. The approach is based on two different spectral features of the magneto-optical response corresponding to the resonances in p- and s-polarizations of the incident light. Angular spectra of p-polarized light have a step-like behavior near the total internal reflection angle which position is sensitive to the bulk refractive index. S-polarized light excites the TE-polarized optical Tamm surface mode localized in a submicron region near the photonic crystal surface and is sensitive to the refractive index of the near-surface analyte. We propose to measure a hybrid magneto-optical intensity modulation of p-polarized light obtained by switching the magnetic field between the transverse and polar configurations. The transversal component of the external magnetic field is responsible for the magneto-optical resonance near total internal reflection conditions, and the polar component reveals the resonance of the Tamm surface mode. Therefore, both surface- and bulk-associated features are present in the magneto-optical spectra of the p-polarized light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Ignatyeva
- Russian Quantum Center, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.); (P.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.)
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute of Physics and Technology, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, 295007 Simferopol, Russia
| | - Pavel Kapralov
- Russian Quantum Center, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.); (P.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Polina Golovko
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Polina Shilina
- Faculty of Physics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia;
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 117303 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Anastasiya Khramova
- Russian Quantum Center, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.); (P.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.)
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Sergey Sekatskii
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy, Institute of the Physics of Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Mohammad Nur-E-Alam
- Electron Science Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia; (M.N.-E.-A.); (K.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Kamal Alameh
- Electron Science Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia; (M.N.-E.-A.); (K.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Mikhail Vasiliev
- Electron Science Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia; (M.N.-E.-A.); (K.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Andrey Kalish
- Russian Quantum Center, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.); (P.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.)
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vladimir Belotelov
- Russian Quantum Center, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.); (P.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.)
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute of Physics and Technology, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, 295007 Simferopol, Russia
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10
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Klein AK, Dietzel A. Microfluidic Systems for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 179:291-309. [PMID: 33851232 DOI: 10.1007/10_2021_164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Human health is threatened by the spread of antimicrobial resistance and resulting infections. One reason for the resistance spread is the treatment with inappropriate and ineffective antibiotics because standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods are time-consuming and laborious. To reduce the antimicrobial susceptibility detection time, minimize treatments with empirical broad-spectrum antibiotics, and thereby combat the further spread of antimicrobial resistance, faster and point-of-care methods are needed. This requires many different research approaches. Microfluidic systems for antimicrobial susceptibility testing offer the possibility to reduce the detection time, as small sample and reagent volumes can be used and the detection of single cells is possible. In some cases, the aim is to use human samples without pretreatment or pre-cultivation. This chapter first provides an overview of conventional detection methods. It then presents the potential of and various current approaches in microfluidics. The focus is on microfluidic methods for phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Klein
- Institute of Microtechnology Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andreas Dietzel
- Institute of Microtechnology Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
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11
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Nanofluidic Immobilization and Growth Detection of Escherichia coli in a Chip for Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10100135. [PMID: 32992799 PMCID: PMC7650788 DOI: 10.3390/bios10100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Infections with antimicrobial resistant bacteria are a rising threat for global healthcare as more and more antibiotics lose their effectiveness against bacterial pathogens. To guarantee the long-term effectiveness of broad-spectrum antibiotics, they may only be prescribed when inevitably required. In order to make a reliable assessment of which antibiotics are effective, rapid point-of-care tests are needed. This can be achieved with fast phenotypic microfluidic tests, which can cope with low bacterial concentrations and work label-free. Here, we present a novel optofluidic chip with a cross-flow immobilization principle using a regular array of nanogaps to concentrate bacteria and detect their growth label-free under the influence of antibiotics. The interferometric measuring principle enabled the detection of the growth of Escherichia coli in under 4 h with a sample volume of 187.2 µL and a doubling time of 79 min. In proof-of-concept experiments, we could show that the method can distinguish between bacterial growth and its inhibition by antibiotics. The results indicate that the nanofluidic chip approach provides a very promising concept for future rapid and label-free antimicrobial susceptibility tests.
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Wang Y, He Y, Bhattacharyya S, Lu S, Fu Z. Recombinant Bacteriophage Cell-Binding Domain Proteins for Broad-Spectrum Recognition of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3340-3345. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingran Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Sanjib Bhattacharyya
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Shuguang Lu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhifeng Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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13
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Edgar RH, Cook J, Noel C, Minard A, Sajewski A, Fitzpatrick M, Fernandez R, Hempel JD, Kellum JA, Viator JA. Bacteriophage-mediated identification of bacteria using photoacoustic flow cytometry. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2019; 24:1-7. [PMID: 31758676 PMCID: PMC6874036 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.11.115003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Infection with resistant bacteria has become an ever increasing problem in modern medical practice. Currently, broad spectrum antibiotics are prescribed until bacteria can be identified through blood cultures, a process that can take two to three days and is unable to provide quantitative information. To detect and quantify bacteria rapidly in blood samples, we designed a method using labeled bacteriophage in conjunction with photoacoustic flow cytometry (PAFC). PAFC is the generation of ultrasonic waves created by the absorption of laser light in particles under flow. Bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria and possesses the ability to discriminate bacterial surface antigens, allowing the bacteriophage to bind only to their target bacteria. Bacteria can be tagged with dyed phage and processed through a photoacoustic flow cytometer where they are detected by the acoustic response. We demonstrate that E. coli; can be detected and discriminated from Salmonella; using this method. Our goal is to develop a method to determine bacterial content in blood samples. We hope to develop this technology into future clinical use and decrease the time required to identify bacterial species from 3 to 4 days to less than 1 hour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H. Edgar
- University of Pittsburgh, Swanson School of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Justin Cook
- Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Cierra Noel
- Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Austin Minard
- Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Andrea Sajewski
- Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | | | | | - John D. Hempel
- Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - John A. Kellum
- University of Pittsburgh, Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - John A. Viator
- University of Pittsburgh, Swanson School of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
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Pitruzzello G, Thorpe S, Johnson S, Evans A, Gadêlha H, Krauss TF. Multiparameter antibiotic resistance detection based on hydrodynamic trapping of individual E. coli. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:1417-1426. [PMID: 30869093 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01397g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop novel methods for assessing the response of bacteria to antibiotics in a timely manner. Antibiotics are traditionally assessed via their effect on bacteria in a culture medium, which takes 24-48 h and exploits only a single parameter, i.e. growth. Here, we present a multiparameter approach at the single-cell level that takes approximately an hour from spiking the culture to correctly classify susceptible and resistant strains. By hydrodynamically trapping hundreds of bacteria, we simultaneously monitor the evolution of motility and morphology of individual bacteria upon drug administration. We show how this combined detection method provides insights into the activity of antimicrobials at the onset of their action which single parameter and traditional tests cannot offer. Our observations complement the current growth-based methods and highlight the need for future antimicrobial susceptibility tests to take multiple parameters into account.
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Kwon SJ, Kim D, Lee I, Nam J, Kim J, Dordick JS. Sensitive multiplex detection of whole bacteria using self-assembled cell binding domain complexes. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1030:156-165. [PMID: 30032765 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Detecting bacterial cells at low levels is critical in public health, the food industry and first response. Current processes typically involve laborious cell lysis and genomic DNA extraction to achieve 100-1000 CFU mL-1 levels for detecting gram-positive bacteria. As an alternative to DNA-based methods, cell wall binding domains (CBDs) derived from lysins having a modular structure with an N-terminal catalytic domain and a C-terminal CBD, can be used to detect bacterial pathogens as a result of their exceptionally specific binding to target bacteria with great avidity. We have developed a highly sensitive method for multiplex detection of whole bacterial cells using self-assembled CBD complexes. Self-assembled CBD-SA-reporter complexes were generated using streptavidin (SA), biotin-CBDs, and biotinylated reporters, such as glucose oxidase (GOx) and specific DNA sequences. The simultaneous detection of three test bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus anthracis-Sterne, and Listeria innocua cells in PBS could be accomplished with a 96-well plate-based sandwich method using CBD-SA-GOx complex-coupled spectrophotometric assay to achieve a detection limit of >100 CFU mL-1. To achieve greater detection sensitivity, we used CBD-SA-DNA complexes and qPCR of specific DNA barcodes selectively bound to the surface of target bacterial cells, which resulted in a detection sensitivity as low as 1-10 CFU mL-1 without cross-reactivity. This sensitive multiplex detection of bacterial pathogens using both CBD-SA-GOx and CBD-SA-DNA complexes has the potential to be quickly combined with point-of-care compatible diagnostics for the rapid detection of pathogens in test samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Joon Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Domyoung Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Inseon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jahyun Nam
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungbae Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jonathan S Dordick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
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Photonic Crystal-Supported Long-Range Surface Plasmon-Polaritons Propagating Along High-Quality Silver Nanofilms. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Lirtsman V, Golosovsky M, Davidov D. Surface plasmon excitation using a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer: Live cell and bacteria sensing. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:103105. [PMID: 29092505 DOI: 10.1063/1.4997388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report an accessory for beam collimation to be used as a plug-in for a conventional Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. The beam collimator makes use of the built-in focusing mirror of the FTIR spectrometer which focuses the infrared beam onto the pinhole mounted in the place usually reserved for the sample. The beam is collimated by a small parabolic mirror and is redirected to the sample by a pair of plane mirrors. The reflected beam is conveyed by another pair of plane mirrors to the built-in detector of the FTIR spectrometer. This accessory is most useful for the surface plasmon excitation. We demonstrate how it can be employed for label-free and real-time sensing of dynamic processes in bacterial and live cell layers. In particular, by measuring the intensity of the CO2 absorption peak one can assess the cell layer metabolism, while by measuring the position of the surface plasmon resonance one assesses the cell layer morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Lirtsman
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Golosovsky
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dan Davidov
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
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