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Di Fiore R, Drago-Ferrante R, Suleiman S, Veronese N, Pegreffi F, Calleja-Agius J. Sarcopenia in gynaecological cancers. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2024:108403. [PMID: 38760237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Gynaecological cancers (GCs) comprise a group of cancers that originate in the female reproductive organs. Each GC is unique, with different signs and symptoms, risk factors and therapeutic strategies. Worldwide, the majority of GCs are still associated with high mortality rates, especially ovarian, due to difficulty in early detection. Despite numerous studies on the underlying pathophysiology, research in the field of GCs poses unique scientific and technological challenges. These challenges require a concerted multi- and inter-disciplinary effort by the clinical, scientific and research communities to accelerate the advancement of prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches. Sarcopenia is a multifactorial disease which leads to the systemic loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. It can be caused by malignancies, as well as due to malnutrition, physical inactivity, ageing and neuromuscular, inflammatory, and/or endocrine diseases. Anorexia and systemic inflammation can shift the metabolic balance of patients with cancer cachexia towards catabolism of skeletal muscle, and hence sarcopenia. Therefore, sarcopenia is considered as an indicator of poor general health status, as well as the possible indicator of advanced cancer. There is a growing body of evidence showing the prognostic significance of sarcopenia in various cancers, including GCs. This review will outline the clinical importance of sarcopenia in patients with GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Di Fiore
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080, Msida, Malta; Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
| | - Rosa Drago-Ferrante
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080, Msida, Malta; BioDNA Laboratories, Malta Life Sciences Park, SGN 3000, San Gwann, Malta.
| | - Sherif Suleiman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080, Msida, Malta.
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesco Pegreffi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, 94100, Enna, Italy.
| | - Jean Calleja-Agius
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080, Msida, Malta.
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Ayodele A, Obeng-Gyasi E. Exploring the Potential Link between PFAS Exposure and Endometrial Cancer: A Review of Environmental and Sociodemographic Factors. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:983. [PMID: 38473344 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This exploratory narrative review paper delves into the intricate interplay between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure, sociodemographic factors, and the influence of stressors in the context of endometrial cancer. PFAS, ubiquitous environmental contaminants notorious for their persistence in the ecosystem, have garnered attention for their potential to disrupt endocrine systems and provoke immune responses. We comprehensively examine the various sources of PFAS exposure, encompassing household items, water, air, and soil, thus shedding light on the multifaceted routes through which individuals encounter these compounds. Furthermore, we explore the influence of sociodemographic factors, such as income, education, occupation, ethnicity/race, and geographical location and their relationship to endometrial cancer risk. We also investigated the role of stress on PFAS exposure and endometrial cancer risk. The results revealed a significant impact of sociodemographic factors on both PFAS levels and endometrial cancer risk. Stress emerged as a notable contributing factor influencing PFAS exposure and the development of endometrial cancer, further emphasizing the importance of stress management practices for overall well-being. By synthesizing evidence from diverse fields, this review underscores the need for interdisciplinary research and targeted interventions to comprehensively address the complex relationship between PFAS, sociodemographic factors, stressors, and endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aderonke Ayodele
- Department of Built Environment, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Emmanuel Obeng-Gyasi
- Department of Built Environment, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
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Mazidimoradi A, Momenimovahed Z, Khalajinia Z, Allahqoli L, Salehiniya H, Alkatout I. The global incidence, mortality, and burden of uterine cancer in 2019 and correlation with SDI, tobacco, dietary risks, and metabolic risk factors: An ecological study. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1835. [PMID: 38274134 PMCID: PMC10808991 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Endometrial cancer (EC) is the sixth most common cancer among women worldwide. Since global studies are based on awareness of the incidence trend, mortality, geographical diversity, and level of social development and income of countries, this study was conducted to investigate the trend of uterine cancer (UC) in the world in 2019. Methods Age-standardized rates (ASR) of incidence, deaths, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of UC, as well as targeted risk factors, were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) online database 2019. Pearson correlation coefficient and SPSS 16 were used to calculate the correlation between risk factors and ASR of epidemiological indicators. Statistical significance was considered as p < 0.05. Results In 2019, the age-specific incidence and death rate of UC was peaking at 60-64 and 65-69 years, respectively. The highest age-standardized incidence rate per 100,000 people for UC has been reported in the Northern Mariana Islands, high sociodemographic index (SDI) countries, World Bank High-Income category, Europe continent and among World Health Organization (WHO) regions were found in the European Region. The highest age-standardized death rate per 100,000 people for UC has been reported in Grenada, high SDI countries, the World Bank High-Income category, Europe continent, and among WHO regions found in the European Region. In 2019, the age-standardized DALYs rate was 53.54 per 100,000 inhabitants, of which 48.49 cases were related to years of life lost (YLLs) and 5.05 cases were related to years lived with disability. Conclusion According to GBD-2019, the highest incidence, mortality, and DALY of UC are in Europe. The evidence and traces of diversity can be seen in the inequalities of UC. Race, ethnicity, economic status, level of education and awareness, co-morbidities, access, grade, and histological type of tumor are the most important causes of this inequality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrooz Mazidimoradi
- Department of Health AssistantShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | | | - Zohre Khalajinia
- Department of MidwiferyQom University of Medical SciencesQomIran
| | - Leila Allahqoli
- Midwifery DepartmentMinistry of Health and Medical EducationTehranIran
| | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Ibrahim Alkatout
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsUniversity Hospitals Schleswig‐Holstein, Campus KielKielGermany
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Markowska A, Baranowski W, Pityński K, Chudecka-Głaz A, Markowska J, Sawicki W. Metastases and Recurrence Risk Factors in Endometrial Cancer-The Role of Selected Molecular Changes, Hormonal Factors, Diagnostic Methods and Surgery Procedures. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:179. [PMID: 38201606 PMCID: PMC10778296 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The presence of metastatic endometrial cancer (EC) is a key problem in treatment failure associated with reduced overall survival rates. The most common metastatic location is the pelvic lymph nodes, and the least common is the brain. The presence of metastasis depends on many factors, including the molecular profile of cancer (according to the TCGA-Genome Atlas), the activity of certain hormones (estrogen, prolactin), and pro-inflammatory adipocytokines. Additionally, an altered expression of microRNAs affecting the regulation of numerous genes is also related to the spread of cancer. This paper also discusses the value of imaging methods in detecting metastases; the primary role is attributed to the standard transvaginal USG with the tumor-free distance (uTFD) option. The influence of diagnostic and therapeutic methods on EC spread is also described. Hysteroscopy, according to the analysis discussed above, may increase the risk of metastases through a fluid medium, mainly performed in advanced stages of EC. According to another analysis, laparoscopic hysterectomy performed with particular attention to avoiding risky procedures (trocar flushing, tissue traumatization, preserving a margin of normal tissue) was not found to increase the risk of EC dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Markowska
- Department of Perinatology and Women’s Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Włodzimierz Baranowski
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Pityński
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Anita Chudecka-Głaz
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Janina Markowska
- Gynecological Oncology Center Poznań, Poznanska 58A, 60-850 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Włodzimierz Sawicki
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
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Taylor AH, Konje JC, Ayakannu T. Identification of Potentially Novel Molecular Targets of Endometrial Cancer Using a Non-Biased Proteomic Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4665. [PMID: 37760635 PMCID: PMC10527058 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed at identifying novel proteins in endometrial cancer (EC), employing proteomic analysis of tissues obtained after surgery. A differential MS-based proteomic analysis was conducted from whole tissues dissected from biopsies from post-menopausal women, histologically confirmed as endometrial cancer (two endometrioid and two serous; n = 4) or normal atrophic endometrium (n = 4), providing 888 differentially expressed proteins with 246 of these previously documented elsewhere as expressed in EC and 372 proteins not previously demonstrated to be expressed in EC but associated with other types of cancer. Additionally, 33 proteins not recorded previously in PubMed as being expressed in any forms of cancer were also identified, with only 26 of these proteins having a publication associated with their expression patterns or putative functions. The putative functions of the 26 proteins (GRN, APP, HEXA, CST3, CAD, QARS, SIAE, WARS, MYH8, CLTB, GOLIM4, SCARB2, BOD1L1, C14orf142, C9orf142, CCDC13, CNPY4, FAM169A, HN1L, PIGT, PLCL1, PMFBP1, SARS2, SCPEP1, SLC25A24 and ZC3H4) in other tissues point towards and provide a basis for further investigation of these previously unrecognised novel EC proteins. The developmental biology, disease, extracellular matrix, homeostatic, immune, metabolic (both RNA and protein), programmed cell death, signal transduction, molecular transport, transcriptional networks and as yet uncharacterised pathways indicate that these proteins are potentially involved in endometrial carcinogenesis and thus may be important in EC diagnosis, prognostication and treatment and thus are worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony H. Taylor
- Reproductive Sciences Section, Department of Cancer Studies & Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (A.H.T.); (J.C.K.)
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Justin C. Konje
- Reproductive Sciences Section, Department of Cancer Studies & Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (A.H.T.); (J.C.K.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Al Rayyan, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | - Thangesweran Ayakannu
- Reproductive Sciences Section, Department of Cancer Studies & Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (A.H.T.); (J.C.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Sunway Medical Centre, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
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Gök F, Ekin S, Karaman E, Erten R, Yıldız D, Bakır A. Total Sialic Acid, Antioxidant Enzyme Activities, Trace Elements, and Vitamin Status Before and After Surgery in Women with Uterine Myoma and Endometrial Cancer. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:2743-2757. [PMID: 37069473 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01241-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The objective of present study was to examine endometrial tissue Be, As, Cr, Mo, Sr, Ti, Tl, Cu, Co, Se, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cd, Pb, Mg, P, erythrocytes CAT, SOD, GSH-Px, GSH, MDA, serum retinol, cholecalciferol, phylloquinone, TSA, LSA, TOS, and TAS status and to evaluate the relationships between the variables. The study had 110 participants; of these, 50 were women with uterine myoma (UM), 10 were women with endometrial cancer (EC), and 50 were healthy female subjects. In the study, vitamin analyses by HPLC and element analyses were determined using ICP-OES method. It was observed that EC group was significantly lower than healthy group in terms of levels of cholecalciferol (p < 0.05), phylloquinone (p < 0.01), GSH (p < 0.05), Fe (p < 0.05), and had a significant rise in Mg/Fe (p < 0.01) and Zn/Fe (p < 0.05) in preoperative period. UM group had significantly lower retinol (p < 0.05), phylloquinone (p < 0.001), GSH-Px (p < 0.01), GSH (p < 0.01), Cr (p < 0.01), Cu (p < 0.05), Mg (p < 0.01), and Zn (p < 0.01) levels than control group in preoperative period and significantly higher levels of MDA (p < 0.01), TSA (p < 0.01), and LSA (p < 0.01) than control group. It was found that significant associations were observed between Cu-CA 15-3 (r = 0.558, p = 0.016), Mn-CA 15-3 (r = 0.511, p = 0.030), P-CA 15-3(r = - 0.502, p = 0.034) and with UM, also between GSH-CA-125 (r = - 0.825, p = 0.022) and with EC group. The results of correlation analysis observed that concentrations of Cu, Mn, P, and GSH together with CA 15-3 and CA-125 levels might be important for monitoring patients with UM and EC before surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazilet Gök
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Suat Ekin
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Science Faculty, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey.
| | - Erbil Karaman
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Gynecological Oncology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Remzi Erten
- Department of Medical Pathology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Damla Yıldız
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Bakır
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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Di Fiore R, Suleiman S, Drago-Ferrante R, Subbannayya Y, Suleiman S, Vasileva-Slaveva M, Yordanov A, Pentimalli F, Giordano A, Calleja-Agius J. The Role of FBXW7 in Gynecologic Malignancies. Cells 2023; 12:1415. [PMID: 37408248 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The F-Box and WD Repeat Domain Containing 7 (FBXW7) protein has been shown to regulate cellular growth and act as a tumor suppressor. This protein, also known as FBW7, hCDC4, SEL10 or hAGO, is encoded by the gene FBXW7. It is a crucial component of the Skp1-Cullin1-F-box (SCF) complex, which is a ubiquitin ligase. This complex aids in the degradation of many oncoproteins, such as cyclin E, c-JUN, c-MYC, NOTCH, and MCL1, via the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). The FBXW7 gene is commonly mutated or deleted in numerous types of cancer, including gynecologic cancers (GCs). Such FBXW7 mutations are linked to a poor prognosis due to increased treatment resistance. Hence, detection of the FBXW7 mutation may possibly be an appropriate diagnostic and prognostic biomarker that plays a central role in determining suitable individualized management. Recent studies also suggest that, under specific circumstances, FBXW7 may act as an oncogene. There is mounting evidence indicating that the aberrant expression of FBXW7 is involved in the development of GCs. The aim of this review is to give an update on the role of FBXW7 as a potential biomarker and also as a therapeutic target for novel treatments, particularly in the management of GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Di Fiore
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Sherif Suleiman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta
| | | | - Yashwanth Subbannayya
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Sarah Suleiman
- Whipps Cross Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Leytonstone, London E11 1NR, UK
| | - Mariela Vasileva-Slaveva
- Department of Breast Surgery, "Dr. Shterev" Hospital, 1330 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria
- Bulgarian Breast and Gynecological Cancer Association, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Angel Yordanov
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria
| | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University "Giuseppe DeGennaro", 70010 Casamassima, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Jean Calleja-Agius
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta
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Olarewaju E, Obeng-Gyasi E. Cadmium, Lead, Chronic Physiological Stress and Endometrial Cancer: How Environmental Policy Can Alter the Exposure of At-Risk Women in the United States. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11091278. [PMID: 37174820 PMCID: PMC10178079 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11091278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The health and life outcomes of individuals are intertwined with the context in which they grow and live. The totality of exposures one experiences affects health in the short term and throughout the life course. Environmental exposure to multiple contaminants can increase stress levels in individuals and neighborhoods with psychosocial stressors such as crime, drug and alcohol misuse, and violence also taking a toll on individual and neighborhood wellbeing. In addition, the availability, organization, and quality of local institutions and infrastructure all affect health in the short and long term. The role of these factors in endometrial cancer will be explored in this paper. In addition, policy implications regarding lead, chronic physiological stress, and endometrial cancer will be explored to ascertain the impact of these factors on at-risk women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Olarewaju
- Department of Built Environment, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Emmanuel Obeng-Gyasi
- Department of Built Environment, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
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Romanos-Nanclares A, Tabung FK, Sinnott JA, Trabert B, De Vivo I, Playdon MC, Eliassen AH. Inflammatory and insulinemic dietary patterns and risk of endometrial cancer among US women. J Natl Cancer Inst 2023; 115:311-321. [PMID: 36515492 PMCID: PMC9996217 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djac229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although unopposed estrogen exposure is considered a major driver of endometrial carcinogenesis, chronic inflammation and insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are also major endometrial cancer risk factors. However, it is unclear whether diets with inflammatory or insulinemic potential are associated with risk of endometrial cancer. METHODS We followed 48 330 women from the Nurses' Health Study (1984-2016) and 85 426 women from the Nurses' Health Study II (1989-2017). Using food frequency questionnaires, we calculated repeated measures of empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) and empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) scores, which characterize the potential of the whole diet to modulate circulating biomarkers of inflammation or C-peptide, respectively. We used multivariable-adjusted Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for type I endometrial cancer risk. RESULTS We documented 1462 type I endometrial cancer cases over 2 823 221 person-years of follow-up. In the pooled multivariable-adjusted analyses, women in the highest compared with lowest quintiles were at higher risk of type I endometrial cancer (EDIP HRQ5vsQ1 = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.24 to 1.73; Ptrend < .001; EDIH HRQ5vsQ1 = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.34 to 1.87; Ptrend < .001). Additional adjustment for body mass index attenuated the associations (EDIP HR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.87 to 1.22; EDIH HR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.85 to 1.21), and mediation analyses showed that body mass index may explain 60.4% (95% CI = 37.4% to 79.6%; P < .001) and 71.8% (95% CI = 41.0% to 90.4%; P < .001) of the association of endometrial cancer with EDIP and EDIH, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort study, higher dietary inflammatory and insulinemic potential were each associated with increased endometrial cancer incidence, and this association may be almost entirely mediated by adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Romanos-Nanclares
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fred K Tabung
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.,The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Sinnott
- Department of Statistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Britton Trabert
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary C Playdon
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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10
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Kokts-Porietis RL, Morielli AR, McNeil J, Courneya KS, Cook LS, Friedenreich CM. Prospective Cohort of Pre- and Post-Diagnosis Diet with Survival Outcomes: an Alberta Endometrial Cancer Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:242-251. [PMID: 36477189 PMCID: PMC9905303 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic relationship between diet and endometrial cancer survival remains largely unknown. We sought to determine pre- and post-diagnosis dietary composition, glycemic load (GL), inflammatory potential (dietary inflammatory index) and quality [Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI) 2005] associations with disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) among endometrial cancer survivors. In addition, we assessed associations between dietary changes with OS and explored obesity/physical activity effect modification. METHODS Survivors, diagnosed in Alberta, Canada between 2002 and 2006, completed past-year, food-frequency questionnaires at-diagnosis (n = 503) and 3-year follow-up (n = 395). Participants were followed to death or January 2022. Cox proportional regression estimated HR [95% confidence intervals (CI)] for dietary survival associations. RESULTS During 16.9 median years of follow-up, 138 participants had a DFS event and 120 died. Lower pre-diagnosis GL (HRT1vsT3, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.25-0.97) and greater post-diagnosis energy intakes (EI) from total- and monounsaturated-fat (HRT3vsT1, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.26-0.87) were associated with better OS. Higher pre-diagnosis C-HEI, less inflammatory diets and lower added sugar intakes were nonlinearly associated with better DFS. Consistently low pre- to post-diagnosis EI from carbohydrates and total-fats were associated with better (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.18-0.72) and worse (HR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.21-4.20) OS, respectively. Decreased pre- to post-diagnosis C-HEI was associated with worse OS. In stratified analysis, healthy diets were most beneficial for survivors with obesity and physical inactivity. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to higher quality dietary patterns were associated with better survival. IMPACT Our study provides novel evidence that both pre- and post-diagnosis diet are important prognostic factors for endometrial cancer survivors. Post-diagnosis survival associations with diet composition and quality highlight the potential for future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée L Kokts-Porietis
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andria R Morielli
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jessica McNeil
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health and Human Sciences, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Linda S Cook
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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11
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Wang Z, Cheng S, Liu Y, Zhao R, Zhang J, Zhou X, Shu W, Feng D, Wang H. Gene signature and prognostic value of ubiquitination-related genes in endometrial cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:3. [PMID: 36611207 PMCID: PMC9824913 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02875-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is closely related to tumor occurrence and development. The specific role of ubiquitination in endometrial cancer remains largely unclear. Therefore, we constructed a novel endometrial cancer prognostic model based on ubiquitination-related genes. We extracted the expression matrices of ubiquitination-related genes from the Cancer Genome Atlas database, upon which we performed univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses to obtain 22 ubiquitination-related genes for the construction of the prognostic model. Survival, regression, clinical correlation, and principal component analyses were performed to assess the performance of the model. Drug sensitivity analysis was performed based on these ubiquitination-related genes. Finally, a prognostic nomogram was constructed based on the prognostic model to quantify patient outcomes. Survival, regression, clinical correlation, and principal component analyses revealed that the performance of the prognostic model was satisfactory. Drug sensitivity analysis provided a potential direction for the treatment of endometrial cancer. The prognostic nomogram could be used to effectively estimate the survival rate of patients with endometrial cancer. In summary, we constructed a new endometrial cancer prognostic model and identified 5 differentially expressed, prognosis-associated, ubiquitination-related genes. These 5 genes are potential diagnostic and treatment targets for endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Cheng
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing Zhou
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wan Shu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dilu Feng
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022 People’s Republic of China
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12
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Llanos AAM, McDonald JA, Teteh DK, Bethea TN. Chemical Relaxers and Hair-Straightening Products: Potential Targets for Hormone-Related Cancer Prevention and Control. J Natl Cancer Inst 2022; 114:1567-1569. [PMID: 36245085 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djac169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adana A M Llanos
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jasmine A McDonald
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dede K Teteh
- Department of Health Sciences, Crean College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Traci N Bethea
- Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities Research, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA
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13
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Wang PH, Yang ST, Liu CH, Chang WH, Lee FK, Lee WL. Endometrial cancer: Part I. Basic concept. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 61:951-959. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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14
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Su P, An J, Yu L, Lei H, Huang L, Mao X, Sun P. Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subsets as a Risk Predictor of Patients with Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:6153-6163. [DOI: 10.2147/jir.s388993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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15
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Manzoor MF, Arif Z, Kabir A, Mehmood I, Munir D, Razzaq A, Ali A, Goksen G, Coşier V, Ahmad N, Ali M, Rusu A. Oxidative stress and metabolic diseases: Relevance and therapeutic strategies. Front Nutr 2022; 9:994309. [PMID: 36324618 PMCID: PMC9621294 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.994309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a prominent cause of death worldwide, posing a threat to the global economy and public health. A mechanism that causes the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) is associated with metabolic abnormalities. Various processes are involved in oxidative stress (OS) of lipoprotein. Although the concept of the syndrome has been fiercely debated, this confluence of risk factors is associated with a higher chance of acquiring type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherosclerosis. Insulin resistance has been found to play a significant role in the progression of these metabolism-associated conditions. It causes lipid profile abnormalities, including greater sensitivity to lipid peroxidation, contributing to the increased prevalence of T2DM and atherosclerosis. This review aims to cover the most recent scientific developments in dietary OS, the consequence of metabolic disorders, and their most significant clinical manifestations (T2DM and atherosclerosis). It will also emphasize the effects of dietary approaches in alleviating OS in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zaira Arif
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asifa Kabir
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Mehmood
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Danial Munir
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Razzaq
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Ali
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gulden Goksen
- Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences at Mersin Tarsus Organized Industrial Zone, Tarsus University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Viorica Coşier
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering Department, Animal Science and Biotechnology Faculty, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Nazir Ahmad
| | - Murtaza Ali
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Murtaza Ali
| | - Alexandru Rusu
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering Department, Animal Science and Biotechnology Faculty, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Alexandru Rusu
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16
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Gelissen JH, Huang GS. Intersections of endocrine pathways and the epithelial mesenchymal transition in endometrial cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:914405. [PMID: 36052252 PMCID: PMC9424890 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.914405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the process by which cancer cells of epithelial origin, including endometrial cancer, acquire a mesenchymal phenotype with enhanced migratory and invasive capacity, to facilitate metastasis. The regulation of EMT is tissue-specific, and in endometrial cancer, endocrine signaling pathways serve as critical regulators of EMT. The intersections of endocrine signaling and EMT highlight potential avenues for therapeutic intervention to target cancer metastasis with the aim of reduced mortality.
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17
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Extraterrestrial Gynecology: Could Spaceflight Increase the Risk of Developing Cancer in Female Astronauts? An Updated Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137465. [PMID: 35806469 PMCID: PMC9267413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Outer space is an extremely hostile environment for human life, with ionizing radiation from galactic cosmic rays and microgravity posing the most significant hazards to the health of astronauts. Spaceflight has also been shown to have an impact on established cancer hallmarks, possibly increasing carcinogenic risk. Terrestrially, women have a higher incidence of radiation-induced cancers, largely driven by lung, thyroid, breast, and ovarian cancers, and therefore, historically, they have been permitted to spend significantly less time in space than men. In the present review, we focus on the effects of microgravity and radiation on the female reproductive system, particularly gynecological cancer. The aim is to provide a summary of the research that has been carried out related to the risk of gynecological cancer, highlighting what further studies are needed to pave the way for safer exploration class missions, as well as postflight screening and management of women astronauts following long-duration spaceflight.
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18
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van der Weyden L, Bezuidenhout A, van Wilpe E, O’Dell N. Metastatic Uterine Adenocarcinoma in a Sable Antelope (Hippotragus niger). Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9070339. [PMID: 35878356 PMCID: PMC9316055 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9070339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A female sable antelope with a history of gradual loss of body condition was found dead by the owner. Macroscopic examination revealed an enlarged spleen and liver that were covered in white-to-cream-coloured nodules. The uterus also showed a few small, white-to-cream-coloured nodules, with similar nodules present in other parts of the body. Microscopic analysis of sections of the uterus revealed tumour cells with an appearance that was similar those seen in sections of the other tissues. Critically, tumour cells were seen in the lymphatics within the lungs. The tumour cells in the uterus showed positive staining for cytokeratin as did the tumour cells in the sections of other tissues, confirming they were of epithelial origin. In addition, electron microscopy of the uterus and liver showed tumour cells arranged in groups with junctions present between the cells. This confirmed that the tumour cells seen in the liver were the same as those seen in the uterus and were of epithelial origin. Thus, a diagnosis was made of uterine adenocarcinoma with widespread metastasis. This is the first report of uterine adenocarcinoma in a sable antelope. Abstract A nine-year-old intact female sable antelope (Hippotragus niger) with a six-week history of gradual loss of body condition was found dead by the owner and presented for autopsy. Macroscopic examination revealed an enlarged spleen and liver with the hepatic and splenic parenchyma showing extensive infiltration with firm, white to cream-coloured nodules. The uterus showed a few small, firm, well-demarcated, white-to-cream-coloured nodules in the uterine body. Similar nodules were present in the mediastinum, parietal pleura, heart, and marrow cavity of the femur. Histological analysis of the uterus revealed densely cellular neoplastic proliferations, forming nests, tubules, and acini within an abundant fibrovascular stroma. The samples from the other tissues revealed neoplastic cells with a similar appearance to those seen in the uterus, also forming nests and acini in a fibrovascular stroma. Importantly, multiple neoplastic cells were also seen in the peribronchiolar lymphatic vessels. The neoplastic cells in the uterine sections showed positive immunohistochemical labelling for cytokeratin, as did the neoplastic cells in the sections of liver and parietal pleura, confirming they were of epithelial origin. In addition, transmission electron microscopy of the uterus and liver showed neoplastic cells arranged in groups surrounded by basement membranes and interspersed with collagen fibres. Junctions were present between the cells, and junctional complexes could be seen at some cell surfaces. This confirmed that the neoplastic cells seen in the liver sample were the same as those seen in the uterine sample and were of epithelial origin. Thus, a diagnosis was made of uterine adenocarcinoma with widespread metastasis. This is the first report of uterine adenocarcinoma in a sable antelope.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anien Bezuidenhout
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa;
| | - Erna van Wilpe
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa;
- Laboratory for Microscopy & Microanalysis, Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural & Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Nicolize O’Dell
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa;
- Centre for Veterinary Wildlife Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa
- Correspondence:
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19
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Antioxidative, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Obesogenic, and Antidiabetic Properties of Tea Polyphenols-The Positive Impact of Regular Tea Consumption as an Element of Prophylaxis and Pharmacotherapy Support in Endometrial Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126703. [PMID: 35743146 PMCID: PMC9224362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is second only to cervical carcinoma among the most commonly diagnosed malignant tumours of the female reproductive system. The available literature provides evidence for the involvement of 32 genes in the hereditary incidence of EC. The physiological markers of EC and coexisting diet-dependent maladies include antioxidative system disorders but also progressing inflammation; hence, the main forms of prophylaxis and pharmacotherapy ought to include a diet rich in substances aiding the organism’s response to this type of disorder, with a particular focus on ones suitable for lifelong consumption. Tea polyphenols satisfy those requirements due to their proven antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesogenic, and antidiabetic properties. Practitioners ought to consider promoting tea consumption among individuals genetically predisposed for EC, particularly given its low cost, accessibility, confirmed health benefits, and above all, suitability for long-term consumption regardless of the patient’s age. The aim of this paper is to analyse the potential usability of tea as an element of prophylaxis and pharmacotherapy support in EC patients. The analysis is based on information available from worldwide literature published in the last 15 years.
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20
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Sun D, Zhang M, Wei M, Wang Z, Qiao W, Liu P, Zhong X, Liang Y, Chen Y, Huang Y, Yu W. Ox-LDL-mediated ILF3 overexpression in gastric cancer progression by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:3887-3909. [PMID: 35507914 PMCID: PMC9134943 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship of dyslipidemia and interleukin-enhancer binding factor 3 (ILF3) in gastric cancer, and provide insights into the potential application of statins as an agent to prevent and treat gastric cancer. Methods: The expression levels of ILF3 in gastric cancer were examined with publicly available datasets such as TCGA, and western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to determine the expression of ILF3 in clinical specimens. The effects of ox-LDL on expression of ILF3 were further verified with western blot analyses. RNA sequencing, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Gene Ontology (GO), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) pathway analyses were performed to reveal the potential downstream signaling pathway targets of ILF3. The effects of statins and ILF3 on PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells were investigated with Edu assay, flow cytometry and transwell assay. Results: Immunohistochemistry and western blot demonstrated that the positive expression rates of ILF3 in gastric cancer tissues were higher than adjacent mucosa tissues. The ox-LDL promoted the expression of ILF3 in a time-concentration-dependent manner. ILF3 promoted the proliferation, cell cycle, migration and invasion by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Statins inhibited the proliferation, cell cycle, migration and invasion of gastric cancer by inhibiting the expression of ILF3. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that ox-LDL promotes ILF3 overexpression to regulate gastric cancer progression by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Statins inhibits the expression of ILF3, which might be a new targeted therapy for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Mingxiang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Meng Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wen Qiao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yize Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Nursing Department, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yadi Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wenbin Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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21
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Role of Vitamin C in Selected Malignant Neoplasms in Women. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040882. [PMID: 35215535 PMCID: PMC8876016 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first reports describing the anti-cancer properties of vitamin C published several decades ago, its actual effectiveness in fighting cancer has been under investigation and widely discussed. Some scientific reports indicate that vitamin C in high concentrations can contribute to effective and selective destruction of cancer cells. Furthermore, preclinical and clinical studies have shown that relatively high doses of vitamin C administered intravenously in ‘pharmacological concentrations’ may not only be well-tolerated, but significantly improve patients’ quality of life. This seems to be particularly important, especially for terminal cancer patients. However, the relatively high frequency of vitamin C use by cancer patients means that the potential clinical benefits may not be obvious. For this reason, in this review article, we focus on the articles published mainly in the last two decades, describing possible beneficial effects of vitamin C in preventing and treating selected malignant neoplasms in women, including breast, cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer. According to the reviewed studies, vitamin C use may contribute to an improvement of the overall quality of life of patients, among others, by reducing chemotherapy-related side effects. Nevertheless, new clinical trials are needed to collect stronger evidence of the role of this nutrient in supportive cancer treatment.
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22
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Rundle-Thiele D, Shrestha S, Janda M. Prevention of endometrial cancer through lifestyle Interventions: A systematic review and synthesis. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2022; 39:100900. [PMID: 35531361 PMCID: PMC9068952 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2021.100900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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23
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Holcakova J, Bartosik M, Anton M, Minar L, Hausnerova J, Bednarikova M, Weinberger V, Hrstka R. New Trends in the Detection of Gynecological Precancerous Lesions and Early-Stage Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6339. [PMID: 34944963 PMCID: PMC8699592 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevention and early diagnostics of precancerous stages are key aspects of contemporary oncology. In cervical cancer, well-organized screening and vaccination programs, especially in developed countries, are responsible for the dramatic decline of invasive cancer incidence and mortality. Cytological screening has a long and successful history, and the ongoing implementation of HPV triage with increased sensitivity can further decrease mortality. On the other hand, endometrial and ovarian cancers are characterized by a poor accessibility to specimen collection, which represents a major complication for early diagnostics. Therefore, despite relatively promising data from evaluating the combined effects of genetic variants, population screening does not exist, and the implementation of new biomarkers is, thus, necessary. The introduction of various circulating biomarkers is of potential interest due to the considerable heterogeneity of cancer, as highlighted in this review, which focuses exclusively on the most common tumors of the genital tract, namely, cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. However, it is clearly shown that these malignancies represent different entities that evolve in different ways, and it is therefore necessary to use different methods for their diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Holcakova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Martin Bartosik
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Milan Anton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Masaryk University and University Hospital, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Lubos Minar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Masaryk University and University Hospital, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Jitka Hausnerova
- Department of Pathology, Masaryk University and University Hospital, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Marketa Bednarikova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Masaryk University and University Hospital, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Vit Weinberger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Masaryk University and University Hospital, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Roman Hrstka
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (M.B.)
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24
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Melatonin and Pathological Cell Interactions: Mitochondrial Glucose Processing in Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212494. [PMID: 34830375 PMCID: PMC8621753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is synthesized in the pineal gland at night. Since melatonin is produced in the mitochondria of all other cells in a non-circadian manner, the amount synthesized by the pineal gland is less than 5% of the total. Melatonin produced in mitochondria influences glucose metabolism in all cells. Many pathological cells adopt aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) in which pyruvate is excluded from the mitochondria and remains in the cytosol where it is metabolized to lactate. The entrance of pyruvate into the mitochondria of healthy cells allows it to be irreversibly decarboxylated by pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) to acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA). The exclusion of pyruvate from the mitochondria in pathological cells prevents the generation of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate. This is relevant to mitochondrial melatonin production, as acetyl-CoA is a required co-substrate/co-factor for melatonin synthesis. When PDH is inhibited during aerobic glycolysis or during intracellular hypoxia, the deficiency of acetyl-CoA likely prevents mitochondrial melatonin synthesis. When cells experiencing aerobic glycolysis or hypoxia with a diminished level of acetyl-CoA are supplemented with melatonin or receive it from another endogenous source (pineal-derived), pathological cells convert to a more normal phenotype and support the transport of pyruvate into the mitochondria, thereby re-establishing a healthier mitochondrial metabolic physiology.
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