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Dasari N, Guntuku GS, Pindiprolu SKSS. Targeting triple negative breast cancer stem cells using nanocarriers. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:41. [PMID: 38453756 PMCID: PMC10920615 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-03985-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease, encompassing various subtypes characterized by distinct molecular features, clinical behaviors, and treatment responses. Categorization of subtypes is based on the presence or absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), leading to subtypes such as luminal A, luminal B, HER2-positive, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). TNBC, comprising around 20% of all breast cancers, lacks expression of ER, PR, and HER2 receptors, rendering it unresponsive to targeted therapies and presenting significant challenges in treatment. TNBC is associated with aggressive behavior, high rates of recurrence, and resistance to chemotherapy. Tumor initiation, progression, and treatment resistance in TNBC are attributed to breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), which possess self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenic potential. Surface markers, self-renewal pathways (Notch, Wnt, Hedgehog signaling), apoptotic protein (Bcl-2), angiogenesis inhibition (VEGF inhibitors), and immune modulation (cytokines, immune checkpoint inhibitors) are among the key targets discussed in this review. However, targeting the BCSC subpopulation in TNBC presents challenges, including off-target effects, low solubility, and bioavailability of anti-BCSC agents. Nanoparticle-based therapies offer a promising approach to target various molecular pathways and cellular processes implicated in survival of BSCS in TNBC. In this review, we explore various nanocarrier-based approaches for targeting BCSCs in TNBC, aiming to overcome these challenges and improve treatment outcomes for TNBC patients. These nanoparticle-based therapeutic strategies hold promise for addressing the therapeutic gap in TNBC treatment by delivering targeted therapies to BCSCs while minimizing systemic toxicity and enhancing treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagasen Dasari
- Andhra University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
- Aditya Pharmacy College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
- Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Girija Sankar Guntuku
- Andhra University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sai Kiran S S Pindiprolu
- Aditya Pharmacy College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Jiang X, Lin J, Zhu Z. Long-chain noncoding RNA LINC01569 upregulates filamin A-interacting protein 1-like to prevent metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer via sponging miR-300. Cancer Biomark 2024; 39:79-94. [PMID: 37955081 PMCID: PMC11002719 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-230261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-chain noncoding RNA (lncRNA), LINC01569, is important for regulating the extracellular matrix, which affects cell migration. However, its involvement in the occurrence and development of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study is aimed to investigate the role of LINC01569 on TNBC. METHODS Online database was used for clinical data analysis. Cell viability and migration capability were monitored using cell counting kit-8 and transwell assays, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down were used to confirm the binding capability between noncoding RNAs and filamin A-interacting protein 1-like (FILIP1L). Western blotting was used to determine the protein content. RESULTS Compared with normal breast tissue, LINC01569 was significantly reduced in patients with TNBC subtype, and LINC01569 expression gradually decreased with the progression of tumor stage. Patients with TNBC with high lncRNA LINC01569 levels had a better prognosis than did patients with low LINC01569 levels. LINC01569 overexpression inhibited the migration capability, whereas siRNA-mediated LINC01569 downregulation promoted the migration capability in TNBC cells. Using ENCORI and lncRNA SNP online databases, miR-300 was screened as the potential sponge of LINC01569. The binding of LINC01569 to miR-300 was confirmed using the dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays. miR-300 was negatively correlated with LINC01569, and miR-300 mimics eliminated the anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects of LINC01569 on TNBC cells. Additionally, FILIP1L was further verified as the downstream target of miR-300. miR-300 mimics blocked LINC01569 upregulation-mediated elevation of FILIP1L. Importantly, the anti-tumor effects mediated by LINC01569 overexpression were abolished by miR-300 mimics and further restored by FILIP1L upregulation. CONCLUSIONS LINC01569 was expressed at a low level in TNBC and could sponge miR-300 to promote FILIP1L expression, reducing the proliferation and metastasis capability of TNBC. Thus, LINC01569 might be a useful biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of metastatic TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhanlin Zhu
- Department of Breast surgery, Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Huang X, Huang J, Huang Q, Zhou S. A ten long noncoding RNA-based prognostic risk model construction and mechanism study in the basal-like immune-suppressed subtype of triple-negative breast cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2023; 12:3653-3671. [PMID: 38193005 PMCID: PMC10774046 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Background According to the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) system, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is divided into four stable subtypes: (I) luminal androgen receptor, (II) immunomodulatory, (III) basal-like immune-suppressed (BLIS), and (IV) mesenchymal-like. However, the treatment outcomes of the corresponding targeted therapies are unsatisfactory, especially for the BLIS subtype. Therefore, we aimed to identify the key long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) to construct a prognostic model for BLIS subtype and discover potential targets to explore potential therapeutic strategies in this study. Methods The FUSCC cohort was used to establish a prognostic risk model via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression analysis. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort was then used to evaluate and verify the model. To understand the functional aspects of the model, functional, immune landscape, mutation, and drug sensitivity analyses were performed between high- and low-risk groups. Results Ten prognostic-related lncRNAs identified, including C5ORF66-AS2, DIO3OS, FZD10-DT, LINC00393, LNC-ERI1-32, LNC-FOXO1-2, LNC-SPARCL1-1, HCG23, LNC-MMD-4 and LNC-TMEM106C-6, were selected for risk score system construction. The results showed that the model constructed could divide the patients with BLIS subtype into two groups of high and low risk, and patients with higher risk scores had shorter recurrence-free survival. In addition, drug sensitivity analysis identified 3 compounds, including BMS-754807, cytochalasin b, and linifanib, that could have a potential therapeutic effect on patients with the BLIS subtype. Conclusions The risk prognosis model showed good prognostic value for the BLIS subtype patients, and the ten lncRNAs may be potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Huang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Huang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyan Huang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihao Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu X, Zhang G, Yu T, Liu J, Chai X, Yin D, Zhang C. CL4-modified exosomes deliver lncRNA DARS-AS1 siRNA to suppress triple-negative breast cancer progression and attenuate doxorubicin resistance by inhibiting autophagy. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126147. [PMID: 37544559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a fatal disease. Drug resistance and the lack of effective drugs are the leading causes of death in patients with TNBC. Recently, long non-coding RNAs have been proven to be effective drug design targets owing to their high tissue specificity; however, an effective drug delivery system is necessary for their clinical application. In this study, we constructed a novel nanodrug delivery system based on the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted aptamer CL4-modified exosomes (EXOs-CL4) for the targeted delivery of aspartyl-tRNA synthetase-antisense RNA 1 (DARS-AS1) small interfering RNA (siRNA) and doxorubicin (DOX) to TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo. This delivery system exerted potent anti-proliferation, anti-migration, and pro-apoptotic effects on TNBC cells. Silencing DARS-AS1 increased the sensitivity of TNBC cells to DOX by suppressing the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad3 signaling pathway-induced autophagy, thereby enhancing the synergetic antitumor effects. Collectively, our findings revealed that EXOs-CL4-mediated delivery of DARS-AS1 siRNA can be used as a new treatment strategy for DOX-resistant TNBC. Moreover, EXOs-CL4 can be used as effective drug delivery systems for targeted TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Liu
- Institute for Special Environmental Biophysics, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Institute for Special Environmental Biophysics, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
| | - Tongyao Yu
- Institute for Special Environmental Biophysics, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute for Special Environmental Biophysics, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Chai
- Institute for Special Environmental Biophysics, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
| | - Dachuan Yin
- Institute for Special Environmental Biophysics, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China.
| | - Chenyan Zhang
- Institute for Special Environmental Biophysics, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China.
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Jiang Q, Hu Y, Liu Q, Tang Y, Wu X, Liu J, Tu G, Li G, Lin X, Qu M, Cai Y, Huang X, Xu J, Deng Y, Chen Z, Wu L. Albumin-encapsulated HSP90-PROTAC BP3 nanoparticles not only retain protein degradation ability but also enhance the antitumour activity of BP3 in vivo. J Drug Target 2023; 31:411-420. [PMID: 36866593 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2185247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Proteolysis-targeting chimaera (PROTAC) has received extensive attention in industry. However, there are still some limitations that hinder its further development. In a previous study, our group first demonstrated that the HSP90 degrader BP3 synthesised by the principle of PROTACs showed therapeutic potential for cancer. However, its application was hindered by its high molecular weight and water insolubility. Herein, we aimed to improve these properties of HSP90-PROTAC BP3 by encapsulating it into human serum albumin nanoparticles (BP3@HSA NPs). The results demonstrated that BP3@HSA NPs showed a uniform spherical shape with a size of 141.01 ± 1.07 nm and polydispersity index < 0.2; moreover, BP3@HSA NPs were more readily taken up by breast cancer cells and had a stronger inhibitory effect in vitro than free BP3. BP3@HSA NPs also demonstrated the ability to degrade HSP90. Mechanistically, the improved inhibitory effect of BP3@HSA NPs on breast cancer cells was related to its stronger ability to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, BP3@HSA NPs improved PK properties and showed stronger tumour suppression in mice. Taken together, this study demonstrated that hydrophobic HSP90-PROTAC BP3 nanoparticles encapsulated by human serum albumin could improve the safety and antitumour efficacy of BP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingna Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Public Technology Service Center, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Quanyu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Health College, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuanling Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guihui Tu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ge Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yajuan Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiuwang Huang
- Department of Public Technology Service Center, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian Academy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lixian Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, P.R. China
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K Patel K, Hassan D, Nair S, Tejovath S, Kahlon SS, Peddemul A, Sikandar R, Mostafa JA. Role of Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Literature Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e31729. [PMID: 36569674 PMCID: PMC9771573 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous malignancies, including metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which has long been associated with a poor prognosis, have been transformed by the widespread use of immunotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) that target and block programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have demonstrated encouraging outcomes in the treatment of patients with metastatic TNBC. The PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab is the first-line treatment of metastatic PD-L1+ TNBC in combination with chemotherapy, and the PD-L1 inhibitor atezolizumab has also shown clinical activity. The median progression-free survival for pembrolizumab or atezolizumab combined with chemotherapy increased by 4.1 months and 2.5 months, respectively, with the addition of immunotherapy. Despite this progress, there is still more to be desired. The addition of immunotherapy to chemotherapy improved the pathological complete response (PCR) rate compared to chemotherapy with placebo in landmark phase III trials in the early-stage neoadjuvant context, whereas others reported no meaningful improvement in PCR. There are various ongoing trials that show that more research and studies are needed for components in the TNBC microenvironment and to further explore its importance in the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushbu K Patel
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Danial Hassan
- Health Care Profession, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, QAT
- Cardiology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Shaalina Nair
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Sreedevi Tejovath
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Simranjit S Kahlon
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Aishwarya Peddemul
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Rabia Sikandar
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Jihan A Mostafa
- Psychiatry, Professional Psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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