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Ruscu M, Glavan D, Surugiu R, Doeppner TR, Hermann DM, Gresita A, Capitanescu B, Popa-Wagner A. Pharmacological and stem cell therapy of stroke in animal models: Do they accurately reflect the response of humans? Exp Neurol 2024; 376:114753. [PMID: 38490317 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular diseases are the second leading cause of death worldwide. Despite significant research investment, the only available therapeutic options are mechanical thrombectomy and tissue plasminogen activator thrombolysis. None of the more than a thousand drugs tested on animal models have proven successful in human clinical trials. Several factors contribute to this poor translation of data from stroke-related animal models to human stroke patients. Firstly, our understanding of the molecular and cellular processes involved in recovering from an ischemic stroke is severely limited. Secondly, although the risk of stroke is particularly high among older patients with comorbidities, most drugs are tested on young, healthy animals in controlled laboratory conditions. Furthermore, in animal models, the tracking of post-stroke recovery typically spans only 3 to 28 days, with occasional extensions to 60 days, whereas human stroke recovery is a more extended and complex process. Thirdly, young animal models often exhibit a considerably higher rate of spontaneous recovery compared to humans following a stroke. Fourth, only a very limited number of animals are utilized for each condition, including control groups. Another contributing factor to the much smaller beneficial effects in humans is that positive outcomes from numerous animal studies are more readily accepted than results reported in human trials that do not show a clear benefit to the patient. Useful recommendations for conducting experiments in animal models, with increased chances of translatability to humans, have been issued by both the STEPS investigative team and the STAIR committee. However, largely, due to economic factors, these recommendations are largely ignored. Furthermore, one might attribute the overall failures in predicting and subsequently developing effective acute stroke therapies beyond thrombolysis to potential design deficiencies in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Ruscu
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen 45147, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; Department of Neurology, University of Giessen Medical School, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Daniela Glavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Roxana Surugiu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Thorsten R Doeppner
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Giessen Medical School, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Dirk M Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Andrei Gresita
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 115680-8000, USA
| | - Bogdan Capitanescu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 115680-8000, USA.
| | - Aurel Popa-Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 115680-8000, USA.
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Scheurle A, Kunisch E, Boccaccini AR, Walker T, Renkawitz T, Westhauser F. Boric acid and Molybdenum trioxide synergistically stimulate osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127405. [PMID: 38325181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metals and their metal ions have been shown to exhibit certain biological functions that make them attractive for use in biomaterials, for example in bone tissue engineering (BTE) applications. Recent data shows that Molybdenum (Mo) is a potent inducer of osteogenic differentiation in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs). On the other hand, while boron (B) has been shown to enhance vascularization in BTE applications, its impact on osteogenic differentiation is volatile: while improved osteogenic differentiation has been described, other data show that B might slow down osteogenic differentiation or reduce the calcification of the extracellular matrix (ECM) when applied in higher doses. Still, the combination of pro-osteogenic Mo and pro-angiogenic B is certainly attractive in the context of biomaterials intended for the use in BTE. METHODS Therefore, the combined effect of molybdenum trioxide and boric acid at different ratios was investigated in this study to evaluate the effects on the viability, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, ECM production and maturation of BMSCs. RESULTS Mo ions proved to be stronger osteoinductive compared to B, in fact, while some osteogenic differentiation markers were downregulated in the presence of B, the presence of Mo provided compensation. The combined application of B and Mo indicated a combination of individual effects, partially even enhancing the expected combined performance of the single stimulations. CONCLUSIONS The combination of B and Mo might be beneficial for BTE applications since the limited osteogenic properties of B can be compensated by Mo. Furthermore, since B is known to be pro-angiogenic, the combination of both substances may synergistically lead to improved vascularization and bone regeneration. Future studies should assess the angiogenic performance of this combination in greater detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scheurle
- Department of Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E Kunisch
- Department of Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - T Walker
- Department of Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Renkawitz
- Department of Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Westhauser
- Department of Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Fiehn LA, Kunisch E, Saur M, Arango-Ospina M, Merle C, Hagmann S, Stiller A, Hupa L, Kaňková H, Galusková D, Renkawitz T, Boccaccini AR, Westhauser F. A comparative in vitro and in vivo analysis of the impact of copper substitution on the cytocompatibility, osteogenic, and angiogenic properties of a borosilicate bioactive glass. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024. [PMID: 38623001 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The 0106-B1-bioactive glass (BG) composition (in wt %: 37.5 SiO2, 22.6 CaO, 5.9 Na2O, 4.0 P2O5, 12.0 K2O, 5.5 MgO, and 12.5 B2O3) has demonstrated favorable processing properties and promising bone regeneration potential. The present study aimed to evaluate the biological effects of the incorporation of highly pro-angiogenic copper (Cu) in 0106-B1-BG in vitro using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) as well as its in vivo potential for bone regeneration. CuO was added to 0106-B1-BG in exchange for CaO, resulting in Cu-doped BG compositions containing 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 wt % CuO (composition in wt %: 37.5 SiO2, 21.6/ 20.1/17.6 CaO, 5.9 Na2O, 4.0 P2O5, 12.0 K2O, 5.5 MgO, 12.5 B2O3, and 1.0/ 2.5/ 5.0 CuO). In vitro, the BGs' impact on the viability, proliferation, and growth patterns of BMSCs was evaluated. Analyses of protein secretion, matrix formation, and gene expression were used for the assessment of the BGs' influence on BMSCs regarding osteogenic differentiation and angiogenic stimulation. The presence of Cu improved cytocompatibility, osteogenic differentiation, and angiogenic response when compared with unmodified 0106-B1-BG in vitro. In vivo, a critical-size femoral defect in rats was filled with scaffolds made from BGs. Bone regeneration was evaluated by micro-computed tomography. Histological analysis was performed to assess bone maturation and angiogenesis. In vivo effects regarding defect closure, presence of osteoclastic cells or vascular structures in the defect were not significantly changed by the addition of Cu compared with undoped 0106-B1-BG scaffolds. Hence, while the in vitro properties of the 0106-B1-BG were significantly improved by the incorporation of Cu, further evaluation of the BG composition is necessary to transfer these effects to an in vivo setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Anna Fiehn
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elke Kunisch
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Merve Saur
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Christian Merle
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sébastien Hagmann
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adrian Stiller
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Leena Hupa
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Hana Kaňková
- Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Trenčín, Slovakia
| | - Dagmar Galusková
- Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Trenčín, Slovakia
| | - Tobias Renkawitz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Limaye A, Perumal V, Karner CM, Arinzeh TL. Plant-Derived Zein as an Alternative to Animal-Derived Gelatin for Use as a Tissue Engineering Scaffold. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2024; 4:2300104. [PMID: 38665311 PMCID: PMC11045004 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202300104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural biomaterials are commonly used as tissue engineering scaffolds due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. Plant-derived materials have also gained significant interest due to their abundance and as a sustainable resource. This study evaluates the corn-derived protein zein as a plant-derived substitute for animal-derived gelatin, which is widely used for its favorable cell adhesion properties. Limited studies exist evaluating pure zein for tissue engineering. Herein, fibrous zein scaffolds are evaluated in vitro for cell adhesion, growth, and infiltration into the scaffold in comparison to gelatin scaffolds and are further studied in a subcutaneous model in vivo. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on zein scaffolds express focal adhesion kinase and integrins such as αvβ3, α4, and β1 similar to gelatin scaffolds. MSCs also infiltrate zein scaffolds with a greater penetration depth than cells on gelatin scaffolds. Cells loaded onto zein scaffolds in vivo show higher cell proliferation and CD31 expression, as an indicator of blood vessel formation. Findings also demonstrate the capability of zein scaffolds to maintain the multipotent capability of MSCs. Overall, findings demonstrate plant-derived zein may be a suitable alternative to the animalderived gelatin and demonstrates zein's potential as a scaffold for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Limaye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 3960 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Venkatesan Perumal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Courtney M Karner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Westhauser F, Arango-Ospina M, Hupa L, Renkawitz T, Boccaccini AR, Kunisch E. A comparative analysis of the cytocompatibility, protein adsorption, osteogenic and angiogenic properties of the 45S5- and S53P4-bioactive glass compositions. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:025027. [PMID: 38266275 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad2210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Despite their long history of application in orthopedics, the osteogenic and angiogenic properties as well as the cytocompatibility and protein adsorption of the 45S5- (in wt%: 45.0 SiO2, 24.5 Na2O, 24.5 CaO, 6.0 P2O5) and S53P4- (in wt%: 53.0 SiO2, 23.0 Na2O, 20.0 CaO, 4.0 P2O5) bioactive glass (BG) compositions have not yet been directly compared in one and the same experimental setting. In this study, the influence of morphologically equal granules of both BGs on proliferation, viability, osteogenic differentiation and angiogenic response of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) was assessed. Furthermore, their impact on vascular tube formation and adsorption of relevant proteins was evaluated. Both BGs showed excellent cytocompatibility and stimulated osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. The 45S5-BG showed enhanced stimulation of bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) gene expression and protein production compared to S53P4-BG. While gene expression and protein production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were stimulated, both BGs had only limited influence on tubular network formation. 45S5-BG adsorbed a higher portion of proteins, namely BMP2 and VEGF, on its surface. In conclusion, both BGs show favorable properties with slight advantages for 45S5-BG. Since protein adsorption on BG surfaces is important for their biological performance, the composition of the proteome formed by osteogenic cells cultured on BGs should be analyzed in order to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that are responsible for BG-mediated stimulation of osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Westhauser
- Department of Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Leena Hupa
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Tobias Renkawitz
- Department of Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elke Kunisch
- Department of Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Bao DY, Yang Y, Tong X, Qin HY. Activation of wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway down regulated osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived stem cells in an anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia patient with EDA/EDAR/EDARADD mutation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23057. [PMID: 38169761 PMCID: PMC10758735 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the mechanism by which the Wnt/β-catenin pathway induces osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) in anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (AED) with an Ectodysplasin A (EDA)/EDA receptor (EDAR)/EDARADD mutation. Methods An AED patient served as the AED group, whereas the other patients without AED were included in the normal group. Peripheral venous blood collected from the AED patient was subjected to whole-genome resequencing. BMSCs from the mandible of patients with AED and normal individuals were isolated and cultured in vitro. Cell proliferation assay was performed to compare the growth speed of BMSCs between the AED and normal groups. CHIR-99021, an activator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and XAV-939, an inhibitor, was used to manage BMSCs in an osteogenic environment in both groups. The expression of β-catenin was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, while that of RUNX2 was detected by western blotting. Alizarin red was used for staining. Results A novel mutation (c.152T > A in EDA) and two known mutations (c.1109T > C in EDAR and c.27G > A in EDARADD) were identified. The growth rate in the normal group was higher than that in the AED group. In the normal group, the number and size of calcified nodes and the expression of RUNX-2 increased with CHIR-99021 treatment, which could be inhibited by XAV-939. In contrast, CHIR-99021 inhibited osteogenesis in the AED group and this effect was promoted by XAV-939. Conclusion Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway downregulates osteogenesis of BMSCs in AED patients with EDA/EDAR/EDARADD gene mutations. Further investigation in more AED patients is required, given the wide range of mutations involved in AED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-yu Bao
- Department of Stomatology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Department of Dental Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No.30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Stomatology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Dental Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No.30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hai-yan Qin
- Department of Stomatology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
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Caicedo A, Morales E, Moyano A, Peñaherrera S, Peña-Cisneros J, Benavides-Almeida A, Pérez-Meza ÁA, Haro-Vinueza A, Ruiz C, Robayo P, Tenesaca D, Barba D, Zambrano K, Castañeda V, Singh KK. Powering prescription: Mitochondria as "Living Drugs" - Definition, clinical applications, and industry advancements. Pharmacol Res 2024; 199:107018. [PMID: 38013162 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria's role as engines and beacons of metabolism and determinants of cellular health is being redefined through their therapeutic application as "Living Drugs" (LDs). Artificial mitochondrial transfer/transplant (AMT/T), encompassing various techniques to modify, enrich, or restore mitochondria in cells and tissues, is revolutionizing acellular therapies and the future of medicine. This article proposes a necessary definition for LDs within the Advanced Therapeutic Medicinal Products (ATMPs) framework. While recognizing different types of LDs as ATMPs, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cells, we focus on mitochondria due to their unique attributes that distinguish them from traditional cell therapies. These attributes include their inherent living nature, diverse sources, industry applicability, validation, customizability for therapeutic needs, and their capability to adapt and respond within recipient cells. We trace the journey from initial breakthroughs in AMT/T to the current state-of-the-art applications by emerging innovative companies, highlighting the need for manufacturing standards to navigate the transition of mitochondrial therapies from concept to clinical practice. By providing a comprehensive overview of the scientific, clinical, and commercial landscape of mitochondria as LDs, this article contributes to the essential dialogue among regulatory agencies, academia, and industry to shape their future in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Caicedo
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador; Sistemas Médicos SIME, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - Emilia Morales
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador; Biología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Aldana Moyano
- Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador; Instituto de investigaciones biotecnológicas IIB, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sebastian Peñaherrera
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador; Biología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - José Peña-Cisneros
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Abigail Benavides-Almeida
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Álvaro A Pérez-Meza
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Alissen Haro-Vinueza
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador; Biología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Cristina Ruiz
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Doménica Tenesaca
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Diego Barba
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Kevin Zambrano
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Verónica Castañeda
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador; Biología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador; PhD Program in Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Keshav K Singh
- Departments of Genetics, Dermatology and Pathology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Kurenkova AD, Presniakova VS, Mosina ZA, Kibirskiy PD, Romanova IA, Tugaeva GK, Kosheleva NV, Vinogradov KS, Kostjuk SV, Kotova SL, Rochev YA, Medvedeva EV, Timashev PS. Resveratrol's Impact on the Chondrogenic Reagents' Effects in Cell Sheet Cultures of Wharton's Jelly-Derived MSCs. Cells 2023; 12:2845. [PMID: 38132166 PMCID: PMC10741663 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ-MSCs) are of great interest in tissue engineering. We obtained hWJ-MSCs from four patients, and then we stimulated their chondrogenic phenotype formation in vitro by adding resveratrol (during cell expansion) and a canonical Wnt pathway activator, LiCl, as well as a Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor, Y27632 (during differentiation). The effects of the added reagents on the formation of hWJ-MSC sheets destined to repair osteochondral injuries were investigated. Three-dimensional hWJ-MSC sheets grown on P(NIPAM-co-NtBA)-based matrices were characterized in vitro and in vivo. The combination of resveratrol and LiCl showed effects on hWJ-MSC sheets similar to those of the basal chondrogenic medium. Adding Y27632 decreased both the proportion of hypertrophied cells and the expression of the hyaline cartilage markers. In vitro, DMSO was observed to impede the effects of the chondrogenic factors. The mouse knee defect model experiment revealed that hWJ-MSC sheets grown with the addition of resveratrol and Y27632 were well integrated with the surrounding tissues; however, after 3 months, the restored tissue was identical to that of the naturally healed cartilage injury. Thus, the combination of chondrogenic supplements may not always have additive effects on the progress of cell culture and could be neutralized by the microenvironment after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia D. Kurenkova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Viktoria S. Presniakova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Zlata A. Mosina
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Pavel D. Kibirskiy
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Irina A. Romanova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Gilyana K. Tugaeva
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Nastasia V. Kosheleva
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
- FSBSI “Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology”, Baltiyskaya St. 8, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Kirill S. Vinogradov
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Sergei V. Kostjuk
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Belarussian State University, 14 Leningradskaya St., 220006 Minsk, Belarus
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, 14 Leningradskaya St., 220006 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Svetlana L. Kotova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Yury A. Rochev
- Center for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY Galway, Ireland
| | - Ekaterina V. Medvedeva
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Peter S. Timashev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
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9
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Tsitlakidis S, Hohenbild F, Saur M, Moghaddam A, Kunisch E, Renkawitz T, Gonzalo de Juan I, Westhauser F. Reduced Sodium Portions Favor Osteogenic Properties and Cytocompatibility of 45S5-Based Bioactive Glass Particles. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:472. [PMID: 37887603 PMCID: PMC10604502 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8060472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides its favorable biological properties, the release of sodium (Na) from the well-known 45S5-bioactive glass (BG) composition (in mol%: 46.1, SiO2, 24.5 CaO, 24.5 Na2O, 6.0 P2O5) can hamper its cytocompatibility. In this study, particles of Na-reduced variants of 45S5-BG were produced in exchange for CaO and P2O5 via the sol-gel-route resulting in Na contents of 75%, 50%, 25% or 0% of the original composition. The release of ions from the BGs as well as their impact on the cell environment (pH values), viability and osteogenic differentiation (activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP)), the expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin in human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in correlation to the Na-content and ion release of the BGs was assessed. The release of Na-ions increased with increasing Na-content in the BGs. With decreasing Na content, the viability of cells incubated with the BGs increased. The Na-reduced BGs showed elevated ALP activity and a pro-osteogenic stimulation with accelerated osteopontin induction and a pronounced upregulation of osteocalcin. In conclusion, the reduction in Na-content enhances the cytocompatibility and improves the osteogenic properties of 45S5-BG, making the Na-reduced variants of 45S5-BG promising candidates for further experimental consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Tsitlakidis
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.T.); (M.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Frederike Hohenbild
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.T.); (M.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Merve Saur
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.T.); (M.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Arash Moghaddam
- PrivatÄrztliches Zentrum Aschaffenburg, Frohsinnstraße 12, 63739 Aschaffenburg, Germany;
| | - Elke Kunisch
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.T.); (M.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Tobias Renkawitz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.T.); (M.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Isabel Gonzalo de Juan
- Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Straße 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.T.); (M.S.); (E.K.)
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10
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Kunisch E, Fiehn LA, Saur M, Arango-Ospina M, Merle C, Hagmann S, Stiller A, Hupa L, Renkawitz T, Boccaccini AR, Westhauser F. A comparative in vitro and in vivo analysis of the biological properties of the 45S5-, 1393-, and 0106-B1-bioactive glass compositions using human bone marrow-derived stromal cells and a rodent critical size femoral defect model. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 153:213521. [PMID: 37356285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Since the introduction of the 45S5-bioactive glass (BG), numerous new BG compositions have been developed. Compared to the 45S5-BG, 1393-BG shows favorable processing properties due to its low crystallization tendency and the 1393-BG-based borosilicate 0106-B1-BG exhibits improved angiogenic properties due to its boron content. Despite their close (chemical) relationship, the biological properties of the mentioned BG composition have not yet been comparatively examined. In this study, the effects of the BGs on proliferation, viability, osteogenic differentiation, and angiogenic factor production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells were assessed. Scaffolds made of the BGs were introduced in a critical-sized femur defect model in rats in order to analyze their impact on bone defect regeneration. In vitro, 1393-BG and 0106-B1-BG outperformed 45S5-BG with regard to cell proliferation and viability. 1393-BG enhanced osteogenic differentiation; 0106-B1-BG promoted angiogenic factor production. In vivo, 0106-B1-BG and 45S5-BG outperformed 1393-BG in terms of angiogenic and osteoclastic response resulting in improved bone regeneration. In conclusion, the biological properties of BGs can be significantly modified by tuning their composition. Demonstrating favorable processing properties and an equally strong in vivo bone regeneration potential as 45S5-BG, 0106-B1-BG qualifies as a basis to incorporate other bioactive ions to improve its biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Kunisch
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Linn Anna Fiehn
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Merve Saur
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcela Arango-Ospina
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Merle
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; Joint Replacement Centre, Orthopaedic Surgery Paulinenhilfe, Diakonie-Klinikum Stuttgart, Rosenbergstraße 38, 70176 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sébastien Hagmann
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adrian Stiller
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Henrikinkatu 2, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Leena Hupa
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Henrikinkatu 2, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Tobias Renkawitz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
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11
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Helsper S, Yuan X, Bagdasarian FA, Athey J, Li Y, Borlongan CV, Grant SC. Multinuclear MRI Reveals Early Efficacy of Stem Cell Therapy in Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2023; 14:545-561. [PMID: 35900719 PMCID: PMC10733402 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01057-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Compromised adult human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) can impair cell therapy efficacy and further reverse ischemic recovery. However, in vitro assays require extended passage to characterize cells, limiting rapid assessment for therapeutic potency. Multinuclear magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRI/S) provides near real-time feedback on disease progression and tissue recovery. Applied to ischemic stroke, 23Na MRI evaluates treatment efficacy within 24 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion, showing recovery of sodium homeostasis and lesion reduction in specimens treated with hMSC while 1H MRS identifies reduction in lactate levels. This combined metric was confirmed by evaluating treatment groups receiving healthy or compromised hMSC versus vehicle (sham saline injection) over 21 days. Behavioral tests to assess functional recovery and cell analysis for immunomodulatory and macrophage activity to detect hMSC potency confirm MR findings. Clinically, these MR metrics may prove critical to early evaluations of therapeutic efficacy and overall stroke recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Helsper
- The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Xuegang Yuan
- The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - F Andrew Bagdasarian
- The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Jacob Athey
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Cesario V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Samuel C Grant
- The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA.
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12
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Brezgin S, Parodi A, Kostyusheva A, Ponomareva N, Lukashev A, Sokolova D, Pokrovsky VS, Slatinskaya O, Maksimov G, Zamyatnin AA, Chulanov V, Kostyushev D. Technological aspects of manufacturing and analytical control of biological nanoparticles. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 64:108122. [PMID: 36813011 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived biological nanoparticles that gained great interest for drug delivery. EVs have numerous advantages compared to synthetic nanoparticles, such as ideal biocompatibility, safety, ability to cross biological barriers and surface modification via genetic or chemical methods. On the other hand, the translation and the study of these carriers resulted difficult, mostly because of significant issues in up-scaling, synthesis and impractical methods of quality control. However, current manufacturing advances enable EV packaging with any therapeutic cargo, including DNA, RNA (for RNA vaccines and RNA therapeutics), proteins, peptides, RNA-protein complexes (including gene-editing complexes) and small molecules drugs. To date, an array of new and upgraded technologies have been introduced, substantially improving EV production, isolation, characterization and standardization. The used-to-be "gold standards" of EV manufacturing are now outdated, and the state-of-art requires extensive revision. This review re-evaluates the pipeline for EV industrial production and provides a critical overview of the modern technologies required for their synthesis and characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Brezgin
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow 119048, Russia; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | | | - Anastasiya Kostyusheva
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow 119048, Russia
| | - Natalia Ponomareva
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow 119048, Russia; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Alexander Lukashev
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow 119048, Russia
| | - Darina Sokolova
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow 115478, Russia; People's Friendship University, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Vadim S Pokrovsky
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow 115478, Russia; People's Friendship University, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Olga Slatinskaya
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Georgy Maksimov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7X, UK
| | - Vladimir Chulanov
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow 119048, Russia; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow 119048, Russia; National Medical Research Center for Tuberculosis and Infectious Diseases, Moscow 127994, Russia
| | - Dmitry Kostyushev
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow 119048, Russia; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia.
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13
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Gu L, Wang Z, Gu H, Wang H, Liu L, Zhang WB. Atf4 regulates angiogenic differences between alveolar bone and long bone macrophages by regulating M1 polarization, based on single-cell RNA sequencing, RNA-seq and ATAC-seq analysis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:193. [PMID: 36918894 PMCID: PMC10012539 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04046-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the repair of maxillofacial bone defects, autogenous craniofacial bone can often provide superior clinical results over long bone grafts. Most current studies have focused on the osteogenic differences between alveolar bone marrow (ABM) and long bone marrow (LBM), however, studies about the angiogenic differences between the two are currently lacking. We downloaded single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of mouse ABM and LBM respectively from the public database, and the data were processed by using Seurat package. CellphoneDB2 results showed that macrophages had the strongest interaction with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). ELISA results confirmed that ABM macrophages secreted a higher level of vascular endothelial growth factor A (Vegfa) compared to LBM macrophages, which further promoted angiogenesis of ECs and MSCs. Using SCENIC package, six key transcription factors (TFs) were identified to regulate the difference between ABM and LBM macrophages, and activating transcription factor 4 (Atf4) was confirmed to be more expressed in ABM macrophages by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot (WB), with predicted target genes including Vegfa. Besides, the result of scRNA-seq implied ABM macrophages more in M1 status than LBM macrophages, which was confirmed by the following experiments. From the results of another assay for transposase accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq) and RNA-seq about M1 macrophages, Atf4 was also confirmed to regulate the M1 polarization. So, we suspected that Atf4 regulated the different expression of Vegfa between ABM and LBM macrophages by activating M1 polarization. After knocking down Atf4, the expression of M1 polarization markers and Vegfa were downregulated and vasculogenic differences were eliminated, which were subsequently reversed by the addition of LPS/IFN-γ. Our study might provide a new idea to improve the success rate of autologous bone grafting and treatment of oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxin Gu
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hong Gu
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Luwei Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Wei-Bing Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Department of Stomatology, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Department of Stomatology, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou, China.
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14
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Behm C, Blufstein A, Gahn J, Moritz A, Rausch-Fan X, Andrukhov O. 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 generates immunomodulatory plasticity in human periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal stromal cells that is inflammatory context-dependent. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1100041. [PMID: 36761739 PMCID: PMC9902380 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hPDL-MSCs) exhibit a tight bi-directional interaction with CD4+ T lymphocytes. The hPDL-MSCs' immunomodulatory abilities are drastically enhanced by pro-inflammatory cytokines via boosting the expression of various immunomediators. 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), the major metabolite of vitamin D3 in the blood, affects both hPDL-MSCs and CD4+ T lymphocytes, but its influence on their interaction is unknown. Methods Therefore, primary hPDL-MSCs were stimulated in vitro with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α a or interleukin (IL)-1β in the absence and presence of 25(OH)D3 followed by an indirect co-culture with phytohemagglutinin-activated CD4+ T lymphocytes. The CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferation, viability, and cytokine secretion were analyzed. Additionally, the expression of various immunomediators in hPDL-MSCs was investigated, and their implication was verified by using pharmacological inhibitors. Results 25(OH)D3 significantly counteracted the suppressive effects of IL-1β-treated hPDL-MSCs on CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferation, whereas no effects were observed in the presence of TNF-α. Additionally, 25(OH)D3 significantly increased the percentage of viable CD4+ T lymphocytes via TNF-α- or IL-1β-treated hPDL-MSCs. It also caused a significant decrease in interferon-γ, IL-17A, and transforming growth factor-β productions, which were triggered by TNF-α-treated hPDL-MSCs. 25(OH)D3 significantly decreased the production of various immunomediators in hPDL-MSCs. Inhibition of two of them, prostaglandin E2 and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-1, partially abolished some of the hPDL-MSCs-mediated effects of 25(OH)D3 on CD4+ T lymphocytes. Conclusion These data indicate that 25(OH)D3 influences the immunomodulatory activities of hPDL-MSCs. This modulatory potential seems to have high plasticity depending on the local cytokine conditions and may be involved in regulating periodontal tissue inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Behm
- Competence Center Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alice Blufstein
- Competence Center Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Clinical Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Gahn
- Competence Center Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Moritz
- Clinical Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
- Clinical Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Clinical Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oleh Andrukhov
- Competence Center Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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15
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In Vitro and In Vivo Biological Assays of Dextran Coated Iron Oxide Aqueous Magnetic Fluids. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010177. [PMID: 36678806 PMCID: PMC9865434 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The iron oxide nanoparticles coated with different surface coatings were studied and characterized by multiple physicochemical and biological methods. The present paper aims at estimating the toxicity in vitro and in vivo of dextran coated iron oxide aqueous magnetic fluids. The in vitro studies were conducted by quantifying the viability of HeLa cells after their incubation with the samples (concentrations of 62.5−125−250−500 μg/mL at different time intervals). The estimation of the toxicity in vivo of administering dextran coated iron oxide aqueous magnetic fluids (DIO-AMF) with hydrodynamic diameter of 25.73 ± 4 nm to Male Brown Norway rats has been made. Different concentrations (62.5−125−250−500 μg/mL) of dextran coated iron oxide aqueous magnetic fluids were administered for 7 consecutive days. Hematology and biochemistry of the Male Brown Norway rats assessment was performed at various time intervals (24−72 h and 21−28 days) after intra-peritoneal injection. The results showed that high concentrations of DIO-AMF (250 and 500 μg/mL) significantly increased white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit compared to the values obtained for the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, following the administration of DIO-AMF, the levels of alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase increased compared to the control group (p < 0.05). After DIO-AMF administration, no significant difference was observed in the levels of alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, urea and creatinine compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The results of the present study showed that dextran coated iron oxide aqueous magnetic fluids in concentrations lower than 250 μg/mL are reliable for medical and pharmaceutical applications.
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16
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Georgiev-Hristov T, García-Arranz M, Trébol-López J, Barba-Recreo P, García-Olmo D. Searching for the Optimal Donor for Allogenic Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2338. [PMID: 36365156 PMCID: PMC9696054 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells comprise several clinically beneficial qualities that have been explored in basic research and have motivated several clinical studies with promising results. After being approved in the European Union, UK, Switzerland, Israel, and Japan, allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells (darvadstrocel) have been recently granted a regenerative medicine advanced therapy (RMAT) designation by US FDA for complex perianal fistulas in adults with Crohn's disease. This huge scientific step is likely to impact the future spread of the indications of allogeneic adipose-derived stem cell applications. The current knowledge on adipose stem cell harvest describes quantitative and qualitative differences that could be influenced by different donor conditions and donor sites. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the current knowledge on the topic and propose donor profiles that could provide the optimal initial quality of this living drug, as a starting point for further applications and studies in different pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tihomir Georgiev-Hristov
- Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital General Universitario de Villalba, 28400 Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Alfonso X, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariano García-Arranz
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jacobo Trébol-López
- Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Paula Barba-Recreo
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Alfonso X, 28691 Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Madrid, Spain
| | - Damián García-Olmo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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17
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Synthesis, Structure-Property Evaluation and Biological Assessment of Supramolecular Assemblies of Bioactive Glass with Glycyrrhizic Acid and Its Monoammonium Salt. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124197. [PMID: 35744255 PMCID: PMC9230998 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Medical nutrients obtained from plants have been used in traditional medicine since ancient times, owning to the protective and therapeutic properties of plant extracts and products. Glycyrrhizic acid is one of those that, apart from its therapeutic effect, may contribute to stronger bones, inhibiting bone resorption and improving the bone structure and biomechanical strength. In the present study, we investigated the effect of a bioactive glass (BG) addition to the structure–property relationships of supramolecular assemblies formed by glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and its monoammonium salt (MSGA). FTIR spectra of supramolecular assemblies evidenced an interaction between BG components and hydroxyl groups of MSGA and GA. Moreover, it was revealed that BG components may interact and bond to the carboxyl groups of MSGA. In order to assess their biological effects, BG, MSGA, and their supramolecular assemblies were introduced to a culture of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs). Both the BG and MSGA had positive influence on BMSC growth, viability, and osteogenic differentiation—these positive effects were most pronounced when BG1d-BG and MSGA were introduced together into cell culture in the form of MSGA:BG assemblies. In conclusion, MSGA:BG assemblies revealed a promising potential as a candidate material intended for application in bone defect reconstruction and bone tissue engineering approaches.
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18
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Immunotherapy by mesenchymal stromal cell delivery of oncolytic viruses for treating metastatic tumors. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 25:78-97. [PMID: 35434272 PMCID: PMC8989711 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have emerged as a very promising anti-cancer therapeutic strategy in the past decades. However, despite their pre-clinical promise, many OV clinical evaluations for cancer therapy have highlighted the continued need for their improved delivery and targeting. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have emerged as excellent candidate vehicles for the delivery of OVs due to their tumor-homing properties and low immunogenicity. MSCs can enhance OV delivery by protecting viruses from rapid clearance following administration and also by more efficiently targeting tumor sites, consequently augmenting the therapeutic potential of OVs. MSCs can function as “biological factories,” enabling OV amplification within these cells to promote tumor lysis following MSC-OV arrival at the tumor site. MSC-OVs can promote enhanced safety profiles and therapeutic effects relative to OVs alone. In this review we explore the general characteristics of MSCs as delivery tools for cancer therapeutic agents. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of OVs as immune therapeutics and highlight some of the promising applications stemming from combining MSCs to achieve enhanced delivery and anti-tumor effectiveness of OVs at different pre-clinical and clinical stages. We further provide potential pitfalls of the MSC-OV platform and the strategies under development for enhancing the efficacy of these emerging therapeutics.
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Decker S, Arango-Ospina M, Rehder F, Moghaddam A, Simon R, Merle C, Renkawitz T, Boccaccini AR, Westhauser F. In vitro and in ovo impact of the ionic dissolution products of boron-doped bioactive silicate glasses on cell viability, osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8510. [PMID: 35595847 PMCID: PMC9122978 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12430-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the pivotal role of angiogenesis in bone regeneration, the angiogenic properties of biomaterials are of high importance since they directly correlate with the biomaterials’ osteogenic potential via ‘angiogenic-osteogenic coupling’ mechanisms. The impact of bioactive glasses (BGs) on vascularization can be tailored by incorporation of biologically active ions such as boron (B). Based on the ICIE16-BG composition (in mol%: 49.5 SiO2, 36.3 CaO, 6.6 Na2O, 1.1 P2O5, 6.6 K2O), three B-doped BGs have been developed (compositions in mol%: 46.5/45.5/41.5 SiO2, 36.3 CaO, 6.6 Na2O, 1.1 P2O5, 6.6 K2O, 3/4/8 B2O3). The influence of B-doping on the viability, cellular osteogenic differentiation and expression of osteogenic and angiogenic marker genes of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) was analyzed by cultivating BMSCs in presence of the BGs’ ionic dissolution products (IDPs). Furthermore, the influence of the IDPs on angiogenesis was evaluated in ovo using a chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The influence of B-doped BGs on BMSC viability was dose-dependent, with higher B concentrations showing limited negative effects. B-doping led to a slight stimulation of osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro. In contrast to that, B-doping significantly enhanced vascularization in ovo, especially in higher concentrations. Differences between the results of the in vitro and in ovo part of this study might be explained via the different importance of vascularization in both settings. The implementation of new experimental models that cover the ‘angiogenic-osteogenic coupling’ mechanisms is highly relevant, for instance via extending the application of the CAM assay from solely angiogenic to angiogenic and osteogenic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Decker
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcela Arango-Ospina
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Felix Rehder
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arash Moghaddam
- Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Frohsinnstraße 12, 63739, Aschaffenburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Simon
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Merle
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Renkawitz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Padhiar C, Aruni AW, Abhaya M, Muthuchamy M, Dhanraj AK, Ganesan V, Bovas FB, Rajakani SN. GMP compliant clinical grade and xenofree manufacturing of human Wharton’s jelly derived mesenchymal stem cell from pooled donors. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Characteristics of Pooled Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (WJ-MSCs) and their Potential Role in Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1851-1864. [PMID: 35113368 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10344-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) from Wharton's jelly of umbilical cord is primitive and serve as an inexhaustible source of stem cells with greater potential in clinics. The existence of heterogeneity among the donor MSCs makes it difficult to predict the properties and clinical outcome of WJ-MSCs. We developed a strategy to minimize the donor to donor heterogeneity and produce consistency in biological properties by pooling three individual donors WJ-MSCs. Further, evaluated the effectiveness of the pooled MSCs in regulating the disease severity of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in animal models. METHODS WJ-MSCs were isolated from umbilical cord obtained from different donors, characterised and pooled based on the gender of baby. The biological properties of the pooled WJ-MSCs were compared to the individual WJ-MSCs. Further, the pooled WJ-MSCs were analysed for their safety profile in both in vitro and in vivo settings. The efficiency of pooled WJ-MSCs in regulating RA pathogenesis was also analysed in mice models of Collagen induced arthritis (CIA). RESULTS We identified differences in proliferation capacity, pro inflammatory gene expression levels among individual WJ-MSCs isolated from different donors and the variation is also attributed to gender difference. WJ-MSCs pooled and cultured from different donor's exhibit all the MSC characteristics and exhibited superior immunosuppressive capabilities. In the in vivo toxicity study, pooled MSCs are found to be safe, and further in the RA preclinical studies, they were found to decrease the disease severity in these animals. CONCLUSIONS Pooled WJ-MSCs reduces heterogeneity of individual donors and have superior immunosuppressive property. It is also effective in reducing the disease severity in the experimental animal models of RA.
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Lee OJ, Koch TG. Steps Toward Standardized In Vitro Assessment of Immunomodulatory Equine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Before Clinical Application. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 31:18-25. [PMID: 34779250 PMCID: PMC8792491 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation-associated disorders are significant causes of morbidity in horses. Equine single-donor mesenchymal stromal cells (sdMSCs) hold promise as cell-therapy candidates due to their secretory nonprogenitor functions. This has been demonstrated by mononuclear cell suppression assays (MSAs) showing that sdMSCs are blood mononuclear cell (BMC) suppressive in vitro. sdMSCs derived from umbilical cord blood are of clinical interest due to their ease of procurement, multipotency, and immunomodulatory ability. Due to the inherent donor-to-donor heterogeneity of MSCs, the development of robust and easily deployable methods of potency assessment is critical for improving MSCs' predictability in treating inflammatory diseases. This study focuses on the development of robust in vitro potency assays and the assessment of potential sdMSC therapeutic end products generated from pooled sdMSCs (pMSCs). We hypothesized that, compared to MSA using only one donor, MSA using pooled BMCs (pBMCs) is a more robust sdMSC potency assay due to reduced donor BMC heterogeneity. pBMCs were generated by pooling equine BMCs isolated from peripheral blood of five donors in equal ratios. pBMCs were labeled with carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) and stored in liquid nitrogen until use. Similarly, pooling sdMSCs from multiple equine donors in equal ratios generated pMSCs. sdMSC cultures were assessed with pBMCs in MSA using Bromodeoxyuridine ELISA and CFSE. Proliferation assessment of BMCs from individual donors revealed varied responses to concanavalin A (ConA) stimulation. MSA using BMCs from single donors further demonstrated BMC donor variability. Utilizing this assay, we have also found that the immunosuppressive potencies of pMSCs are at least equal, if not more, than the calculated mean of individual cultures. MSA based on pBMCs provides a consistent and reproducible equine sdMSC potency assay. This knowledge could be used in production monitoring of cellular potency and as release criteria before clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia J Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Thomas G Koch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
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Decker S, Kunisch E, Moghaddam A, Renkawitz T, Westhauser F. Molybdenum trioxide enhances viability, osteogenic differentiation and extracellular matrix formation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 68:126827. [PMID: 34371328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metals and their ions allow specific modifications of the biological properties of bioactive materials that are intended for application in bone tissue engineering. While there is some evidence about the impact of particles derived from orthopedic Cobalt-Chromium-Molybdenum (Co-Cr-Mo) alloys on cells, there is only limited data regarding the influence of the essential trace element Mo and its ions on the viability, osteogenic differentiation as well as on the formation and maturation of the primitive extracellular matrix (ECM) of primary human bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs) available so far. METHODS In this study, the influence of a wide range of molybdenum (VI) trioxide (MoO3), concentrations on BMSC viability was evaluated via measurement of fluorescein diacetate metabolization. Thereafter, the impact of three non-cytotoxic concentrations of MoO3 on the cellular osteogenic differentiation as well as on ECM formation and maturation of BMSCs was assessed. RESULTS MoO3 had no negative influence on BMSC viability in most tested concentrations, as viability was in fact even enhanced. Only the highest concentration (10 mM) of MoO3 showed cytotoxic effects. Cellular osteogenic differentiation, measured via the marker enzyme alkaline phosphatase was enhanced by the presence of MoO3 in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, MoO3 showed a positive influence on the expression of relevant marker genes for osteogenic differentiation (osteopontin, osteocalcin and type I collagen alpha 1) and on the formation and maturation of the primitive ECM, as measured by collagen deposition and ECM calcification. CONCLUSION MoO3 is considered as an attractive candidate for supplementation in biomaterials and qualifies for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Decker
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E Kunisch
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Moghaddam
- Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Frohsinnstraße 12, 63739, Aschaffenburg, Germany
| | - T Renkawitz
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Westhauser
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Increased proliferation and differentiation capacity of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells from women of median maternal age correlates with telomere shortening. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:24542-24559. [PMID: 34845112 PMCID: PMC8660609 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) experience functional decline with systemic aging, resulting in reduced proliferation, increased senescence, and lower differentiation potential. The placenta represents a valuable source of MSCs, but the possible effect of donor age on the properties of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PDMSCs) has not been thoroughly studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to underscore the effect of maternal age on the biological characteristics and stemness properties of PDMSCs. PDMSCs were isolated from 5 donor age groups (A: 18-21, B: 22-25, C: 26-30, D:31-35 and E: ≥36 years) for comparison of morphological, proliferative and differentiation properties. The pluripotency markers NANOG, OCT4, and SSEA4, as well as multipotency and differentiation markers, showed higher expression in PDMSCs from mothers aged 22-35 years, with up to a 7-fold increase in adipogenesis. Cumulative population doubling, cell growth curves, and colony-forming unit-fibroblast assays revealed higher self-renewal ability in donors 26-30 years old. An increase in the proliferative characteristics of PDMSCs correlated with increased telomere shortening, suggesting that shorter telomere lengths could be related to cellular division rather than aging. A clear understanding of the effect of maternal age on MSC regenerative potential will assist in increasing the effectiveness of future cell therapies.
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Hohenbild F, Arango Ospina M, Schmitz SI, Moghaddam A, Boccaccini AR, Westhauser F. An In Vitro Evaluation of the Biological and Osteogenic Properties of Magnesium-Doped Bioactive Glasses for Application in Bone Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12703. [PMID: 34884519 PMCID: PMC8657676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg2+) is known to play a crucial role in mineral and matrix metabolism of bone tissue and is thus increasingly considered in the field of bone tissue engineering. Bioactive glasses (BGs) offer the promising possibility of the incorporation and local delivery of therapeutically active ions as Mg2+. In this study, two Mg2+-doped derivatives of the ICIE16-BG composition (49.46 SiO2, 36.27 CaO, 6.6 Na2O, 1.07 P2O5, 6.6 K2O (mol%)), namely 6Mg-BG (49.46 SiO2, 30.27 CaO, 6.6 Na2O, 1.07 P2O5, 6.6 K2O, 6.0 MgO (mol%) and 3Mg-BG (49.46 SiO2, 33.27 CaO, 6.6 Na2O, 1.07 P2O5, 6.6 K2O, 3.0 MgO (mol%)) were examined. Their influence on viability, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) was explored in comparison to the original ICIE16-BG. All BGs showed good biocompatibility. The Mg2+-doped BGs had a positive influence on MSC viability alongside with inhibiting effects on MSC proliferation. A strong induction of osteogenic differentiation markers was observed, with the Mg2+-doped BGs significantly outperforming the ICIE16-BG regarding the expression of genes encoding for protein members of the osseous extracellular matrix (ECM) at certain observation time points. However, an overall Mg2+-induced enhancement of the expression of genes encoding for ECM proteins could not be observed, possibly due to a too moderate Mg2+ release. By adaption of the Mg2+ release from BGs, an even stronger impact on the expression of genes encoding for ECM proteins might be achieved. Furthermore, other BG-types such as mesoporous BGs might provide a higher local presence of the therapeutically active ions and should therefore be considered for upcoming studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederike Hohenbild
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.H.); (S.I.S.)
| | - Marcela Arango Ospina
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (M.A.O.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Sarah I. Schmitz
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.H.); (S.I.S.)
| | - Arash Moghaddam
- Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Frohsinnstraße 12, 63739 Aschaffenburg, Germany;
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (M.A.O.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.H.); (S.I.S.)
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Winning L, El Karim IA, Linden GJ, Irwin CR, Killough SA, Lundy FT. Differential regulation of NPY and SP receptor expression in STRO-1+ve PDLSCs by inflammatory cytokines. J Periodontal Res 2021; 57:186-194. [PMID: 34773642 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to investigate neuropeptide receptor expression regulation on STRO-1 +ve periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in response to inflammatory cytokines and to investigate a potential osteogenic effect of neuropeptides. BACKGROUND Nerve fibres innervating the periodontal tissues in humans contain several neuropeptides including neuropeptide Y and substance P. The role of neuropeptide receptors on PDLSCs, including their response to the local inflammatory environment of periodontitis, is currently unknown. METHODS A homogenous population of STRO-1 +ve PDLSCs was prepared by immunomagnetic separation of cells obtained by the tissue out-growth method from healthy premolar teeth from a single donor. Regulation of gene expression of the neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor and substance P receptor tachykinin receptor 1 was investigated. A potential osteogenic effect of neuropeptide Y and substance P was also investigated by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin red staining and quantifying osteogenic gene expression. RESULTS Treatment of STRO-1 +ve PDLSCs with tumour necrosis factor-alpha or interleukin 1-beta up-regulated the expression of the neuropeptide Y's Y1 receptor, but down-regulated substance P's receptor. Significantly increased ALP activity was observed in STRO-1 +ve PDLSCs treated with neuropeptide Y but not substance P. Further studies showed that neuropeptide Y had a modest osteogenic effect on cells at both a functional level and a gene level. CONCLUSIONS Expression of the neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor gene on STRO-1 +ve PDLSCs was sensitive to local inflammatory cytokines. Treatment of cells with neuropeptide Y was found to produce a modest enhanced osteogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis Winning
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland.,Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ikhlas A El Karim
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Gerard J Linden
- Centre for Dentistry, School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Christopher R Irwin
- Centre for Dentistry, School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Simon A Killough
- Centre for Dentistry, School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Fionnuala T Lundy
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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Idumah CI, Ezika AC. Recent advancements in hybridized polymer nano-biocomposites for tissue engineering. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1960344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Igwe Idumah
- Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Anthony Chidi Ezika
- Institute of NanoEngineering Research (INER) and Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and The Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
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Deptuła M, Brzezicka A, Skoniecka A, Zieliński J, Pikuła M. Adipose-derived stromal cells for nonhealing wounds: Emerging opportunities and challenges. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:2130-2171. [PMID: 33522005 PMCID: PMC8247932 DOI: 10.1002/med.21789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing complications affect thousands of people each year, thus constituting a profound economic and medical burden. Chronic wounds are a highly complex problem that usually affects elderly patients as well as patients with comorbidities such as diabetes, cancer (surgery, radiotherapy/chemotherapy) or autoimmune diseases. Currently available methods of their treatment are not fully effective, so new solutions are constantly being sought. Cell-based therapies seem to have great potential for use in stimulating wound healing. In recent years, much effort has been focused on characterizing of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AD-MSCs) and evaluating their clinical use in regenerative medicine and other medical fields. These cells are easily obtained in large amounts from adipose tissue and show a high proregenerative potential, mainly through paracrine activities. In this review, the process of healing acute and nonhealing (chronic) wounds is detailed, with a special attention paid to the wounds of patients with diabetes and cancer. In addition, the methods and technical aspects of AD-MSCs isolation, culture and transplantation in chronic wounds are described, and the characteristics, genetic stability and role of AD-MSCs in wound healing are also summarized. The biological properties of AD-MSCs isolated from subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue are compared. Additionally, methods to increase their therapeutic potential as well as factors that may affect their biological functions are summarized. Finally, their therapeutic potential in the treatment of diabetic and oncological wounds is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Deptuła
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of EmbryologyMedical University of GdanskGdańskPoland
| | | | - Aneta Skoniecka
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of MedicineMedical University of GdanskGdańskPoland
| | - Jacek Zieliński
- Department of Oncologic SurgeryMedical University of GdanskGdańskPoland
| | - Michał Pikuła
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of EmbryologyMedical University of GdanskGdańskPoland
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Westhauser F, Decker S, Nawaz Q, Rehder F, Wilkesmann S, Moghaddam A, Kunisch E, Boccaccini AR. Impact of Zinc- or Copper-Doped Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles on the Osteogenic Differentiation and Matrix Formation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14081864. [PMID: 33918612 PMCID: PMC8069963 DOI: 10.3390/ma14081864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs) have gained relevance in bone tissue engineering, especially since they can be used as vectors for therapeutically active ions like zinc (Zn) or copper (Cu). In this study, the osteogenic properties of the ionic dissolution products (IDPs) of undoped MBGNs (composition in mol%: 70 SiO2, 30 CaO) and MBGNs doped with 5 mol% of either Zn (5Zn-MBGNs) or Cu (5Cu-MBGNs; compositions in mol%: 70 SiO2, 25 CaO, 5 ZnO/CuO) on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells were evaluated. Extracellular matrix (ECM) formation and calcification were assessed, as well as the IDPs’ influence on viability, cellular osteogenic differentiation and the expression of genes encoding for relevant members of the ECM. The IDPs of undoped MBGNs and 5Zn-MBGNs had a comparable influence on cell viability, while it was enhanced by IDPs of 5Cu-MBGNs compared to the other MBGNs. IDPs of 5Cu-MBGNs had slightly positive effects on ECM formation and calcification. 5Zn-MBGNs provided the most favorable pro-osteogenic properties since they increased not only cellular osteogenic differentiation and ECM-related gene expression but also ECM formation and calcification significantly. Future studies should analyze other relevant properties of MBGNs, such as their impact on angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Westhauser
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.D.); (F.R.); (S.W.); (E.K.)
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Simon Decker
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.D.); (F.R.); (S.W.); (E.K.)
| | - Qaisar Nawaz
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Felix Rehder
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.D.); (F.R.); (S.W.); (E.K.)
| | - Sebastian Wilkesmann
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.D.); (F.R.); (S.W.); (E.K.)
| | - Arash Moghaddam
- Center for Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, ATORG—Aschaffenburg Trauma and Orthopedic Research Group, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Am Hasenkopf 1, 63739 Aschaffenburg, Germany;
| | - Elke Kunisch
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.D.); (F.R.); (S.W.); (E.K.)
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (A.R.B.)
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Westhauser F, Rehder F, Decker S, Kunisch E, Moghaddam A, Zheng K, Boccaccini AR. Ionic dissolution products of Cerium-doped bioactive glass nanoparticles promote cellular osteogenic differentiation and extracellular matrix formation of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abcf5f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Sinenko SA, Ponomartsev SV, Tomilin AN. Pluripotent stem cell-based gene therapy approach: human de novo synthesized chromosomes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:1207-1220. [PMID: 33011821 PMCID: PMC11072874 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03653-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach in gene therapy was introduced 20 years ago since artificial non-integrative chromosome-based vectors containing gene loci size inserts were engineered. To date, different human artificial chromosomes (HAC) were generated with the use of de novo construction or "top-down" engineering approaches. The HAC-based therapeutic approach includes ex vivo gene transferring and correction of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) or highly proliferative modified stem cells. The current progress in the technology of induced PSCs, integrating with the HAC technology, resulted in a novel platform of stem cell-based tissue replacement therapy for the treatment of genetic disease. Nowadays, the sophisticated and laborious HAC technology has significantly improved and is now closer to clinical studies. In here, we reviewed the achievements in the technology of de novo synthesized HACs for a chromosome transfer for developing gene therapy tissue replacement models of monogenic human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Sinenko
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave, St-Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
| | - Sergey V Ponomartsev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave, St-Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - Alexey N Tomilin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave, St-Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St-Petersburg State University, 7-9, Universitetskaya Emb, St-Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
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Salètes M, Vartin M, Mocquot C, Chevalier C, Grosgogeat B, Colon P, Attik N. Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses Cytocompatibility Assessment: A Review of In Vitro Studies. Biomimetics (Basel) 2021; 6:9. [PMID: 33498616 PMCID: PMC7839003 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics6010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thanks to their high porosity and surface area, mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) have gained significant interest in the field of medical applications, in particular, with regards to enhanced bioactive properties which facilitate bone regeneration. The aim of this article is to review the state of the art regarding the biocompatibility evaluation of MBGs and provide a discussion of the various approaches taken. The research was performed using PubMed database and covered articles published in the last five years. From a total of 91 articles, 63 were selected after analyzing them according to our inclusion and exclusion criteria. In vitro methodologies and techniques used for biocompatibility assessment were investigated. Among the biocompatibility assessment techniques, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been widely used to study cell morphology and adhesion. Viability and proliferation were assessed using different assays including cell counting and/or cell metabolic activity measurement. Finally, cell differentiation tests relied on the alkaline phosphatase assay; however, these were often complemented by specific bimolecular tests according to the exact application of the mesoporous bioactive glass. The standardization and validation of all tests performed for MBG cytocompatibility is a key aspect and crucial point and should be considered in order to avoid inconsistencies, bias between studies, and unnecessary consumption of time. Therefore, introducing standard tests would serve an important role in the future assessment and development of MBG materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Salètes
- CPE Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CEDEX 08, 69372 Lyon, France; (M.S.); (M.V.)
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Université de Lyon—Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CEDEX 08, 69372 Lyon, France; (C.M.); (C.C.); (B.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Marta Vartin
- CPE Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CEDEX 08, 69372 Lyon, France; (M.S.); (M.V.)
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Université de Lyon—Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CEDEX 08, 69372 Lyon, France; (C.M.); (C.C.); (B.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Caroline Mocquot
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Université de Lyon—Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CEDEX 08, 69372 Lyon, France; (C.M.); (C.C.); (B.G.); (P.C.)
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Rothschild, Service D’odontologie, Faculté Dentaire, Université de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Charlène Chevalier
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Université de Lyon—Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CEDEX 08, 69372 Lyon, France; (C.M.); (C.C.); (B.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Brigitte Grosgogeat
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Université de Lyon—Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CEDEX 08, 69372 Lyon, France; (C.M.); (C.C.); (B.G.); (P.C.)
- Faculté d’Odontologie, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service D’odontologie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Colon
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Université de Lyon—Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CEDEX 08, 69372 Lyon, France; (C.M.); (C.C.); (B.G.); (P.C.)
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Rothschild, Service D’odontologie, Faculté Dentaire, Université de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Nina Attik
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Université de Lyon—Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CEDEX 08, 69372 Lyon, France; (C.M.); (C.C.); (B.G.); (P.C.)
- Faculté d’Odontologie, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
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Abstract
Supramolecular biopolymers (SBPs) are those polymeric units derived from macromolecules that can assemble with each other by noncovalent interactions. Macromolecular structures are commonly found in living systems such as proteins, DNA/RNA, and polysaccharides. Bioorganic chemistry allows the generation of sequence-specific supramolecular units like SBPs that can be tailored for novel applications in tissue engineering (TE). SBPs hold advantages over other conventional polymers previously used for TE; these materials can be easily functionalized; they are self-healing, biodegradable, stimuli-responsive, and nonimmunogenic. These characteristics are vital for the further development of current trends in TE, such as the use of pluripotent cells for organoid generation, cell-free scaffolds for tissue regeneration, patient-derived organ models, and controlled delivery systems of small molecules. In this review, we will analyse the 3 subtypes of SBPs: peptide-, nucleic acid-, and oligosaccharide-derived. Then, we will discuss the role that SBPs will be playing in TE as dynamic scaffolds, therapeutic scaffolds, and bioinks. Finally, we will describe possible outlooks of SBPs for TE.
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Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Obese Donors Polarize Macrophages and Microglia toward a Pro-Inflammatory Phenotype. Cells 2020; 10:cells10010026. [PMID: 33375695 PMCID: PMC7823699 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages and microglia represent the primary phagocytes and first line of defense in the peripheral and central immune systems. They activate and polarize into a spectrum of pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotypes in response to various stimuli. This activation is tightly regulated to balance the appropriate immune response with tissue repair and homeostasis. Disruption of this balance results in inflammatory disease states and tissue damage. Adipose stem cells (ASCs) have great therapeutic potential because of the potent immunomodulatory capabilities which induce the polarization of microglia and macrophages to the anti-inflammatory, M2, phenotype. In this study, we examined the effects of donor heterogeneity on ASC function. Specifically, we investigated the impact of donor obesity on ASC stemness and immunomodulatory abilities. Our findings revealed that ASCs from obese donors (ObASCs) exhibited reduced stem cell characteristics when compared to ASCs from lean donors (LnASCs). We also found that ObASCs promote a pro-inflammatory phenotype in murine macrophage and microglial cells, as indicated by the upregulated expression of pro-inflammatory genes, increased nitric oxide pathway activity, and impaired phagocytosis and migration. These findings highlight the importance of considering individual donor characteristics such as obesity when selecting donors and cells for use in ASC therapeutic applications and regenerative medicine.
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Westhauser F, Wilkesmann S, Nawaz Q, Hohenbild F, Rehder F, Saur M, Fellenberg J, Moghaddam A, Ali MS, Peukert W, Boccaccini AR. Effect of manganese, zinc, and copper on the biological and osteogenic properties of mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 109:1457-1467. [PMID: 33289275 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs) have demonstrated promising properties for the local delivery of therapeutically active ions with the aim to improve their osteogenic properties. Manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) ions have already shown promising pro-osteogenic properties. Therefore, the concentration-dependent impact of MBGNs (composition in mol%: 70 SiO2 , 30 CaO) and MBGNs containing 5 mol% of either Mn, Zn, or Cu (composition in mol%: 70 SiO2 , 25 CaO, 5 MnO/ZnO/CuO) on the viability and osteogenic differentiation of human marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) was assessed in this study. Mn-doped MBGNs (5Mn-MBGNs) showed a small "therapeutic window" with a dose-dependent negative impact on cell viability but increasing pro-osteogenic features alongside increasing Mn concentrations. Due to a constant release of Zn, 5Zn-MBGNs showed good cytocompatibility and upregulated the expression of genes encoding for relevant members of the osseous extracellular matrix during the later stages of cultivation. In contrast to all other groups, BMSC viability increased with increasing concentration of Cu-doped MBGNs (5Cu-MBGNs). Furthermore, 5Cu-MBGNs induced an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity. In conclusion, doping with Mn, Zn, or Cu can enhance the biological properties of MBGNs in different ways for their potential use in bone regeneration approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Westhauser
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wilkesmann
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Qaisar Nawaz
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frederike Hohenbild
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Rehder
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Merve Saur
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jörg Fellenberg
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arash Moghaddam
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,ATORG - Aschaffenburg Trauma and Orthopedic Research Group, Center for Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics, and Sports Medicine, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Aschaffenburg, Germany
| | - Muhammad S Ali
- Institute of Particle Technology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Lim KT, Patel DK, Dutta SD, Choung HW, Jin H, Bhattacharjee A, Chung JH. Human Teeth-Derived Bioceramics for Improved Bone Regeneration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2396. [PMID: 33266215 PMCID: PMC7761315 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is one of the most promising candidates of the calcium phosphate family, suitable for bone tissue regeneration due to its structural similarities with human hard tissues. However, the requirements of high purity and the non-availability of adequate synthetic techniques limit the application of synthetic HAp in bone tissue engineering. Herein, we developed and evaluated the bone regeneration potential of human teeth-derived bioceramics in mice's defective skulls. The developed bioceramics were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The developed bioceramics exhibited the characteristic peaks of HAp in FTIR and XRD patterns. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique was applied to determine the Ca/P molar ratio in the developed bioceramics, and it was 1.67. Cytotoxicity of the simulated body fluid (SBF)-soaked bioceramics was evaluated by WST-1 assay in the presence of human alveolar bone marrow stem cells (hABMSCs). No adverse effects were observed in the presence of the developed bioceramics, indicating their biocompatibility. The cells adequately adhered to the bioceramics-treated media. Enhanced bone regeneration occurred in the presence of the developed bioceramics in the defected skulls of mice, and this potential was profoundly affected by the size of the developed bioceramics. The bioceramics-treated mice groups exhibited greater vascularization compared to control. Therefore, the developed bioceramics have the potential to be used as biomaterials for bone regeneration application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (D.K.P.); (S.D.D.)
| | - Dinesh K. Patel
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (D.K.P.); (S.D.D.)
| | - Sayan Deb Dutta
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (D.K.P.); (S.D.D.)
| | - Han-Wool Choung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151921, Korea;
| | - Hexiu Jin
- Department of Plastic and Traumatic Surgery, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;
| | - Arjak Bhattacharjee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India;
| | - Jong Hoon Chung
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151921, Korea
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Shanbhag S, Mohamed-Ahmed S, Lunde THF, Suliman S, Bolstad AI, Hervig T, Mustafa K. Influence of platelet storage time on human platelet lysates and platelet lysate-expanded mesenchymal stromal cells for bone tissue engineering. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:351. [PMID: 32962723 PMCID: PMC7510290 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01863-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human platelet lysate (HPL) is emerging as the preferred xeno-free supplement for the expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for bone tissue engineering (BTE) applications. Due to a growing demand, the need for standardization and scaling-up of HPL has been highlighted. However, the optimal storage time of the source material, i.e., outdated platelet concentrates (PCs), remains to be determined. The present study aimed to determine the optimal storage time of PCs in terms of the cytokine content and biological efficacy of HPL. Methods Donor-matched bone marrow (BMSCs) and adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) expanded in HPL or fetal bovine serum (FBS) were characterized based on in vitro proliferation, immunophenotype, and multi-lineage differentiation. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed at early (gene expression), intermediate [alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity], and terminal stages (mineralization). Using a multiplex immunoassay, the cytokine contents of HPLs produced from PCs stored for 1–9 months were screened and a preliminary threshold of 4 months was identified. Next, HPLs were produced from PCs stored for controlled durations of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 months, and their efficacy was compared in terms of cytokine content and BMSCs’ proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Results BMSCs and ASCs in both HPL and FBS demonstrated a characteristic immunophenotype and multi-lineage differentiation; osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and ASCs was significantly enhanced in HPL vs. FBS. Multiplex network analysis of HPL revealed several interacting growth factors, chemokines, and inflammatory cytokines. Notably, stem cell growth factor (SCGF) was detected in high concentrations. A majority of cytokines were elevated in HPLs produced from PCs stored for ≤ 4 months vs. > 4 months. However, no further differences in PC storage times between 0 and 4 months were identified in terms of HPLs’ cytokine content or their effects on the proliferation, ALP activity, and mineralization of BMSCs from multiple donors. Conclusions MSCs expanded in HPL demonstrate enhanced osteogenic differentiation, albeit with considerable donor variation. HPLs produced from outdated PCs stored for up to 4 months efficiently supported the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. These findings may facilitate the standardization and scaling-up of HPL from outdated PCs for BTE applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Shanbhag
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5008, Bergen, Norway
| | - Samih Mohamed-Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5008, Bergen, Norway
| | - Turid Helen Felli Lunde
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Salwa Suliman
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5008, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne Isine Bolstad
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5008, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tor Hervig
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Laboratory of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Haugesund Hospital, Fonna Health Trust, Haugesund, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5008, Bergen, Norway.
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Hohenbild F, Arango-Ospina M, Moghaddam A, Boccaccini AR, Westhauser F. Preconditioning of Bioactive Glasses before Introduction to Static Cell Culture: What Is Really Necessary? Methods Protoc 2020; 3:E38. [PMID: 32397550 PMCID: PMC7359712 DOI: 10.3390/mps3020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their high bioreactivity, the in-vitro analysis of bioactive glasses (BGs) can be challenging when it comes to maintaining a physiological pH. To improve BG biocompatibility, a heterogenic spectrum of preconditioning approaches, such as "passivation" of the BGs by incubation in cell culture medium, are used but have never been directly compared. In this study, the effect of passivation periods of up to 72 h on pH alkalization and viability of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells was evaluated to determine a time-efficient passivation protocol using granules based on the 45S5-BG composition (in wt%: 45.0 SiO2, 24.5 Na2O, 24.5 CaO, 6.0 P2O5) in different concentrations. pH alkalization was most reduced after passivation of 24 h. Cell viability continuously improved with increasing passivation time being significantly higher after passivation of at least 24 h compared to non-passivated 45S5-BG and the necessary passivation time increased with increasing BG concentrations. In this setting, a passivation period of 24 h presented as an effective approach to provide a biocompatible cell culture setting. In conclusion, before introduction of BGs in cell culture, different passivation periods should be evaluated in order to meet the respective experimental settings, e.g., by following the experimental protocols used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederike Hohenbild
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Marcela Arango-Ospina
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (M.A.-O.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Arash Moghaddam
- ATORG—Aschaffenburg Trauma and Orthopedic Research Group, Center for Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics, and Sports Medicine, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Am Hasenkopf 1, 63739 Aschaffenburg, Germany;
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (M.A.-O.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany;
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Wilkesmann S, Westhauser F, Fellenberg J. Combined Fluorescence-Based in Vitro Assay for the Simultaneous Detection of Cell Viability and Alkaline Phosphatase Activity during Osteogenic Differentiation of Osteoblast Precursor Cells. Methods Protoc 2020; 3:mps3020030. [PMID: 32357460 PMCID: PMC7359696 DOI: 10.3390/mps3020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel bone substitute materials need to be evaluated in terms of their osteogenic differentiation capacity and possible unwanted cytotoxic effects in order to identify promising candidates for the therapy of bone defects. The activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is frequently quantified as an osteogenic marker, while various colorimetric assays, like MTT assay, are used to monitor cell viability. In addition, the DNA or protein content of the samples needs to be quantified for normalization purposes. As this approach is time consuming and often requires the analysis of multiple samples, we aimed to simplify this process and established a protocol for the combined fluorescence-based quantification of ALP activity and cell viability within one single measurement. We demonstrate that the fluorogenic substrate 4-methylumbelliferone-phosphate (4-MUP) and the commonly used para-nitrophenylphosphate (p-NPP) produce comparable and highly correlating results. We further show that fluorescein–diacetate (FDA) can be used to quantify both cell viability and cell number without interfering with the quantification of ALP activity. The measurement of additional normalization parameters is, therefore, unnecessary. Therefore, the presented assay allows for a time-efficient, simple and reliable analysis of both ALP activity and cell viability from one sample and might facilitate experiments evaluating the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblast precursor cells.
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Karadjian M, Senger AS, Essers C, Wilkesmann S, Heller R, Fellenberg J, Simon R, Westhauser F. Human Platelet Lysate Can Replace Fetal Calf Serum as a Protein Source to Promote Expansion and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone-Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Cells 2020; 9:E918. [PMID: 32283663 PMCID: PMC7226817 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal calf serum (FCS) is frequently used as a growth factor and protein source in bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (BMSC) culture media, although it is a xenogenic product presenting multiple disadvantages including but not limited to ethical concerns. A promising alternative for FCS is human platelet lysate (hPL), which is produced out of human platelet concentrates and happens to be a stable and reliable protein source. In this study, we investigated the influence of hPL in an expansion medium (ESM) and an osteogenic differentiation medium (ODM) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation capacity of human BMSC. Therefore, we assessed population doublings during cell expansion, performed alizarin red staining to evaluate the calcium content in the extracellular matrix and determined the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as osteogenic differentiation correlates. The proliferation rate of BMSC cultured in ESM supplemented with hPL exceeded the proliferation rate of BMSC cultured in the presence of FCS. Furthermore, the calcium content and ALP activity was significantly higher in samples incubated in hPL-supplemented ODM, especially in the early phases of differentiation. Our results show that hPL can replace FCS as a protein supplier in cell culture media and does not negatively affect the osteogenic differentiation capacity of BMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fabian Westhauser
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.K.); (A.-S.S.); (C.E.); (S.W.); (R.H.); (J.F.); (R.S.)
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Sinenko SA, Ponomartsev SV, Tomilin AN. Human artificial chromosomes for pluripotent stem cell-based tissue replacement therapy. Exp Cell Res 2020; 389:111882. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Zhang S, Breidenbach JD, Khalaf FK, Dube PR, Mohammed CJ, Lad A, Stepkowski S, Hinds TD, Kumarasamy S, Kleinhenz A, Tian J, Malhotra D, Kennedy DJ, Cooper CJ, Haller ST. Renal Fibrosis Is Significantly Attenuated Following Targeted Disruption of Cd40 in Experimental Renal Ischemia. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e014072. [PMID: 32200719 PMCID: PMC7428653 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.014072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Renal artery stenosis is a common cause of renal ischemia, contributing to the development of chronic kidney disease. To investigate the role of local CD40 expression in renal artery stenosis, Goldblatt 2‐kidney 1‐clip surgery was performed on hypertensive Dahl salt‐sensitive rats (S rats) and genetically modified S rats in which CD40 function is abolished (Cd40mutant). Methods and Results Four weeks following the 2‐kidney 1‐clip procedure, Cd40mutant rats demonstrated significantly reduced blood pressure and renal fibrosis in the ischemic kidneys compared with S rat controls. Similarly, disruption of Cd40 resulted in reduced 24‐hour urinary protein excretion in Cd40mutant rats versus S rat controls (46.2±1.9 versus 118.4±5.3 mg/24 h; P<0.01), as well as protection from oxidative stress, as indicated by increased paraoxonase activity in Cd40mutant rats versus S rat controls (P<0.01). Ischemic kidneys from Cd40mutant rats demonstrated a significant decrease in gene expression of the profibrotic mediator, plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (P<0.05), and the proinflammatory mediators, C‐C motif chemokine ligand 19 (P<0.01), C‐X‐C Motif Chemokine Ligand 9 (P<0.01), and interleukin‐6 receptor (P<0.001), compared with S rat ischemic kidneys, as assessed by quantitative PCR assay. Reciprocal renal transplantation documented that CD40 exclusively expressed in the kidney contributes to ischemia‐induced renal fibrosis. Furthermore, human CD40‐knockout proximal tubule epithelial cells suggested that suppression of CD40 signaling significantly inhibited expression of proinflammatory and ‐fibrotic genes. Conclusions Taken together, our data suggest that activation of CD40 induces a significant proinflammatory and ‐fibrotic response and represents an attractive therapeutic target for treatment of ischemic renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shungang Zhang
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
| | - Joshua D. Breidenbach
- Department of Medical Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
| | - Fatimah K. Khalaf
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
| | - Prabhatchandra R. Dube
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
| | - Chrysan J. Mohammed
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
| | - Apurva Lad
- Department of Medical Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
| | - Stanislaw Stepkowski
- Department of Medical Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
| | - Terry D. Hinds
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
| | - Sivarajan Kumarasamy
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
| | - Andrew Kleinhenz
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
| | - Jiang Tian
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
| | - Deepak Malhotra
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
| | - David J. Kennedy
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
| | - Christopher J. Cooper
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
| | - Steven T. Haller
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH
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43
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Westhauser F, Hohenbild F, Arango-Ospina M, Schmitz SI, Wilkesmann S, Hupa L, Moghaddam A, Boccaccini AR. Bioactive Glass (BG) ICIE16 Shows Promising Osteogenic Properties Compared to Crystallized 45S5-BG. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051639. [PMID: 32121249 PMCID: PMC7084569 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ICIE16-bioactive glass (BG) (48.0 SiO2, 6.6 Na2O, 32.9 CaO, 2.5 P2O5, 10.0 K2O (wt %)) has been developed as an alternative to 45S5-BG, the original BG composition (45.0 SiO2, 24.5 Na2O, 24.5 CaO, 6.0 P2O5 (wt %)), with the intention of broadening the BG sintering window while maintaining bioactivity. Because there is a lack of reports on ICIE16-BG biological properties, the influence of ICIE16-BG on viability, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) was evaluated in direct comparison to 45S5-BG in this study. The BGs underwent heat treatment similar to that which is required in order to fabricate scaffolds by sintering, which resulted in crystallization of 45S5-BG (45S5-CBG) while ICIE16 remained amorphous. Granules based on both BGs were biocompatible, but ICIE16-BG was less harmful to cell viability, most likely due to a more pronounced pH alkalization in the 45S5-CBG group. ICIE16-BG outperformed 45S5-CBG in terms of osteogenic differentiation at the cellular level, as determined by the increased activity of alkaline phosphatase. However, granules from both BGs were comparable regarding the stimulation of expression levels of genes encoding for osseous extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. The addition of therapeutically active ions to ICIE16-BG might further improve its ability to stimulate ECM production and should be investigated in upcoming studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Westhauser
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.H.); (S.I.S.); (S.W.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (A.R.B.); Tel.: +49-6221-56-25000 (F.W.); +49-9131-85-28600 (A.R.B.)
| | - Frederike Hohenbild
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.H.); (S.I.S.); (S.W.); (A.M.)
| | - Marcela Arango-Ospina
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Sarah I. Schmitz
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.H.); (S.I.S.); (S.W.); (A.M.)
| | - Sebastian Wilkesmann
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.H.); (S.I.S.); (S.W.); (A.M.)
| | - Leena Hupa
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, 20500 Turku, Finland;
| | - Arash Moghaddam
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.H.); (S.I.S.); (S.W.); (A.M.)
- ATORG - Aschaffenburg Trauma and Orthopedic Research Group, Center for Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics, and Sports Medicine, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Am Hasenkopf 1, 63739 Aschaffenburg, Germany
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (A.R.B.); Tel.: +49-6221-56-25000 (F.W.); +49-9131-85-28600 (A.R.B.)
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44
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Horak J, Nalos L, Martinkova V, Tegl V, Vistejnova L, Kuncova J, Kohoutova M, Jarkovska D, Dolejsova M, Benes J, Stengl M, Matejovic M. Evaluation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Sepsis: A Randomized Controlled Porcine Study. Front Immunol 2020; 11:126. [PMID: 32117276 PMCID: PMC7019005 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Treatment with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has elicited considerable interest as an adjunctive therapy in sepsis. However, the encouraging effects of experiments with MSC in rodents have not been adequately studied in large-animal models with better relevance to human sepsis. Objectives: Here, we aimed to assess safety and efficacy of bone marrow-derived MSCs in a clinically relevant porcine model of progressive peritonitis-induced sepsis. Methods: Thirty-two anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and instrumented pigs were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 8 per group): (1) sham-operated group (CONTROL); (2) sham-operated group treated with MSCs (MSC-CONTROL); (3) sepsis group with standard supportive care (SEPSIS); and (4) sepsis group treated with MSCs (MSC-SEPSIS). Peritoneal sepsis was induced by inoculating cultivated autologous feces. MSCs (1 × 106/kg) were administered intravenously at 6 h after sepsis induction. Results: Before, 12, 18, and 24 h after the induction of peritonitis, we measured systemic, regional, and microvascular hemodynamics, multiple-organ functions, mitochondrial energy metabolism, systemic immune-inflammatory response, and oxidative stress. Administration of MSCs in the MSC-CONTROL group did not elicit any measurable acute effects. Treatment of septic animals with MSCs failed to mitigate sepsis-induced hemodynamic alterations or the gradual rise in Sepsis-related organ failure assessment scores. MSCs did not confer any protection against sepsis-mediated cellular myocardial depression and mitochondrial dysfunction. MSCs also failed to modulate the deregulated immune-inflammatory response. Conclusion: Intravenous administration of bone marrow-derived MSCs to healthy animals was well-tolerated. However, in this large-animal, clinically relevant peritonitis-induced sepsis model, MSCs were not capable of reversing any of the sepsis-induced disturbances in multiple biological, organ, and cellular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Horak
- First Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia.,Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Biomedical Center, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Lukas Nalos
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Biomedical Center, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Vendula Martinkova
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Biomedical Center, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia.,Third Department of Surgery, University Hospital Motol and First Medical School, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vaclav Tegl
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Biomedical Center, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia.,Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Lucie Vistejnova
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Biomedical Center, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Jitka Kuncova
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Biomedical Center, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Michaela Kohoutova
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Biomedical Center, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Dagmar Jarkovska
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Biomedical Center, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Martina Dolejsova
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Biomedical Center, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Jan Benes
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Biomedical Center, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia.,Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Milan Stengl
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Biomedical Center, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Martin Matejovic
- First Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia.,Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Biomedical Center, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
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45
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Schmitz SI, Widholz B, Essers C, Becker M, Tulyaganov DU, Moghaddam A, Gonzalo de Juan I, Westhauser F. Superior biocompatibility and comparable osteoinductive properties: Sodium-reduced fluoride-containing bioactive glass belonging to the CaO-MgO-SiO 2 system as a promising alternative to 45S5 bioactive glass. Bioact Mater 2020; 5:55-65. [PMID: 31956736 PMCID: PMC6961063 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BGs) are promising bone substitute materials. However, under certain circumstances BGs such as the well-known 45S5 Bioglass® (composition in wt%: 45.0 SiO2, 24.5 Na2O, 24.5 CaO, 6.0 P2O5) act cytotoxic due to a strong increase in pH caused by a burst release of sodium ions. A potential alternative is a sodium-reduced fluoride-containing BG belonging to the CaO–MgO–SiO2 system, namely BG1d-BG (composition in wt%: 46.1 SiO2, 28.7 CaO, 8.8 MgO, 6.2 P2O5, 5.7 CaF2, 4.5 Na2O), that has already been evaluated in-vitro, in-vivo and in preliminary clinical trials. Before further application, however, BG1d-BG should be compared to the benchmark amongst BGs, the 45S5 Bioglass® composition, to classify its effect on cell viability, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Therefore, in this study, the biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of both BGs were investigated in an indirect and direct culture setting to assess the effect of the ionic dissolution products and the BGs’ physical presence on the cells. The results indicated an advantage of BG1d-BG over 45S5 Bioglass® regarding cell viability and proliferation. Both BGs induced an earlier onset of osteogenic differentiation and accelerated the expression of late osteoblast marker genes compared to the control group. In conclusion, BG1d-BG is an attractive candidate for further experimental investigation. The basic mechanisms behind the different impact on cell behavior should be assessed in further detail, e.g. by further alteration of the BG compositions. 45S5 Bioglass® is considered to be the benchmark amongst bioactive glasses (BGs). Sodium-reduced fluoride-containing BG1d BG was compared to 45S5-Bioglass®. Both BGs induced osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs. BG1d had an advantageous impact on cell viability and proliferation. BG1d-BG is an attractive candidate for further experimental investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Schmitz
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B Widholz
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Essers
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Becker
- Disperse Solid Materials, Technical University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Straße 3, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D U Tulyaganov
- Department of Natural-Mathematical Sciences, Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent, 17 Small Ring Street, 100095, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - A Moghaddam
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.,ATORG - Aschaffenburg Trauma and Orthopedic Research Group, Center for Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics, and Sports Medicine, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Am Hasenkopf 1, 63739, Aschaffenburg, Germany
| | - I Gonzalo de Juan
- Disperse Solid Materials, Technical University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Straße 3, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - F Westhauser
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
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46
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Zhu J, Jiang G, Song G, Liu T, Cao C, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Hong W. Incorporation of ZnO/Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles into Alginate/Chitosan Composite Hydrogels for Wound Closure. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:5042-5052. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangying Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology (ATMT), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Guohua Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology (ATMT), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Gao Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology (ATMT), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology (ATMT), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Cong Cao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology (ATMT), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology (ATMT), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
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Westhauser F, Widholz B, Nawaz Q, Tsitlakidis S, Hagmann S, Moghaddam A, Boccaccini AR. Favorable angiogenic properties of the borosilicate bioactive glass 0106-B1 result in enhanced in vivo osteoid formation compared to 45S5 Bioglass. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:5161-5176. [PMID: 31584047 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01220f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The 45S5-bioactive glass (BG) composition is the most commonly investigated amongst BG-based bone substitutes. By changing BG compositions and by addition of therapeutically active ions such as boron, the biological features of BGs can be tailored towards specific needs and possible drawbacks can be overcome. The borosilicate glass 0106-B1 (composition in wt%: 37.5 SiO2, 22.6 CaO, 5.9 Na2O, 4.0 P2O5, 12.0 K2O, 5.5 MgO, 12.5 B2O3) has demonstrated pro-angiogenic properties. However, the osteogenic performance of the 0106-B1-BG and its influence on cell viability and proliferation in vitro as well as its osteogenic and angiogenic properties in vivo have not been investigated. Therefore, in this study, the impact of 0106-B1-BG and 45S5-BG on osteogenic differentiation, viability and proliferation on human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) was assessed in vitro. Furthermore, MSC-seeded scaffolds made from both BG types were implanted subcutaneously in immunodeficient mice for 10 weeks. Osteoid formation was quantified by histomorphometry, vascularization was visualized by immunohistological staining. Additionally, the in vivo expression patterns of genes correlating with osteogenesis and angiogenesis were analyzed. In vitro, the impact of 45S5-BG and 0106-B1-BG on the proliferation, viability and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was comparable. In vivo, scaffolds made from 0106-B1-BG significantly outperformed the 45S5-BG-based scaffolds regarding the amount and maturation of the osteoid. Furthermore, 0106-B1-BG-based scaffolds showed significantly increased angiogenic gene expression patterns. In conclusion, the beneficial angiogenic properties of 0106-B1-BG result in improved osteogenic properties in vivo, making the 0106-B1-BG a promising candidate for further investigation, e.g. in a bone defect model.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Westhauser
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - B Widholz
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Q Nawaz
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - S Tsitlakidis
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - S Hagmann
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - A Moghaddam
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany. and ATORG - Aschaffenburg Trauma and Orthopedic Research Group, Center for Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics, and Sports Medicine, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Am Hasenkopf 1, 63739 Aschaffenburg, Germany
| | - A R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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48
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Westhauser F, Essers C, Karadjian M, Reible B, Schmidmaier G, Hagmann S, Moghaddam A. Supplementation with 45S5 Bioactive Glass Reduces In Vivo Resorption of the β-Tricalcium-Phosphate-Based Bone Substitute Material Vitoss. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174253. [PMID: 31480285 PMCID: PMC6747147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to other materials such as 45S5 bioactive glass (BG), β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)-based bone substitutes such as Vitoss show limited material-driven stimulation of osteogenesis and/or angiogenesis. The unfavorable degradation kinetics of β-TCP-based bone substitutes may result in an imbalance between resorption and osseous regeneration. Composite materials like Vitoss BA (Vitoss supplemented with 20 wt % 45S5-BG particles) might help to overcome these limitations. However, the influence of BG particles in Vitoss BA compared to unsupplemented Vitoss on osteogenesis, resorption behavior, and angiogenesis is not yet described. In this study, Vitoss and Vitoss BA scaffolds were seeded with human mesenchymal stromal cells before subcutaneous implantation in immunodeficient mice for 10 weeks. Scaffold resorption was monitored by micro-computed tomography, while osteoid formation and vascularization were assessed by histomorphometry and gene expression analysis. Whilst slightly more osteoid and improved angiogenesis were found in Vitoss BA, maturation of the osteoid was more advanced in Vitoss scaffolds. The volume of Vitoss implants decreased significantly, combined with a significantly increased presence of resorbing cells, whilst the volume remained stable in Vitoss BA scaffolds. Future studies should evaluate the interaction of 45S5-BG with resorbing cells and bone precursor cells in greater detail to improve the understanding and application of β-TCP/45S5-BG composite bone substitute materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Westhauser
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Christopher Essers
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Karadjian
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bruno Reible
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schmidmaier
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sébastien Hagmann
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arash Moghaddam
- Center of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
- ATORG-Aschaffenburg Trauma and Orthopedic Research Group, Center for Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Am Hasenkopf 1, 63739 Aschaffenburg, Germany
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