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Lee YJ, Kim WR, Park EG, Lee DH, Kim JM, Shin HJ, Jeong HS, Roh HY, Kim HS. Exploring the Key Signaling Pathways and ncRNAs in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4548. [PMID: 38674135 PMCID: PMC11050203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer to be diagnosed, and it has a substantial mortality rate. Despite numerous studies being conducted on CRC, it remains a significant health concern. The disease-free survival rates notably decrease as CRC progresses, emphasizing the urgency for effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. CRC development is caused by environmental factors, which mostly lead to the disruption of signaling pathways. Among these pathways, the Wingless/Integrated (Wnt) signaling pathway, Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway, and p53 signaling pathway are considered to be important. These signaling pathways are also regulated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). They have emerged as crucial regulators of gene expression in CRC by changing their expression levels. The altered expression patterns of these ncRNAs have been implicated in CRC progression and development, suggesting their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. This review provides an overview of the five key signaling pathways and regulation of ncRNAs involved in CRC pathogenesis that are studied to identify promising avenues for diagnosis and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ju Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.L.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (J.-m.K.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Woo Ryung Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.L.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (J.-m.K.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eun Gyung Park
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.L.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (J.-m.K.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Du Hyeong Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.L.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (J.-m.K.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung-min Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.L.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (J.-m.K.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hae Jin Shin
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.L.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (J.-m.K.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyeon-su Jeong
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.L.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (J.-m.K.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun-Young Roh
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Aljedaie MM, Alam P. In silico identification of human microRNAs pointing centrin genes in Leishmania donovani: Considering the RNAi-mediated gene control. Front Genet 2024; 14:1329339. [PMID: 38390455 PMCID: PMC10883313 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1329339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease caused by different species of the protozoa parasite Leishmania, is a neglected tropical human disease that is endemic in about a hundred countries worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the annual incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is estimated to be 0.7-1.2 million cases globally, whereas the annual incidence of visceral leishmaniasis is estimated to be 0.2-0.4 million cases. In many eukaryotic organisms, including human beings and protozoan parasites, centrin genes encode proteins that play essential roles within the centrosome or basal body. Human microRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to several infectious and non-infectious diseases associated with pathogen-host interactions, and they play the emphatic roles as gene expression regulators. In this study, we used the MirTarget bioinformatics tool, which is a machine learning-based approach implemented in miRDB, to predict the target of human miRNAs in Leishmania donovani centrin genes. For cross-validation, we utilized additional prediction algorithms, namely, RNA22 and RNAhybrid, targeting all five centrin isotypes. The centrin-3 (LDBPK_342160) and putative centrin-5 (NC_018236.1) genes in L. donovani were targeted by eight and twelve human miRNAs, respectively, among 2,635 known miRNAs (miRBase). hsa-miR-5193 consistently targeted both genes. Using TargetScan, TarBase, miRecords, and miRTarBase, we identified miRNA targets and off-targets in human homologs of centrin, inflammation, and immune-responsive genes. Significant targets were screened based on GO terminologies and KEGG pathway-enrichment analysis (Log10 p-value >0.0001). In silico tools that predict the biological roles of human miRNAs as primary gene regulators in pathogen-host interactions help unravel the regulatory patterns of these miRNAs, particularly in the early stages of inflammatory responses. It is also noted that these miRNAs played an important role in the late phase of adaptive immune response, inclusively their impacts on the immune system's response to L. donovani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manei M Aljedaie
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pravej Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Song X, Zhang Y, Tang Z, Du L. Advantages of nanocarriers for basic research in the field of traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:237-245. [PMID: 37488872 PMCID: PMC10503611 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.379041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge for the efficient treatment of traumatic brain injury is the need for therapeutic molecules to cross the blood-brain barrier to enter and accumulate in brain tissue. To overcome this problem, researchers have begun to focus on nanocarriers and other brain-targeting drug delivery systems. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology, basic pathophysiology, current clinical treatment, the establishment of models, and the evaluation indicators that are commonly used for traumatic brain injury. We also report the current status of traumatic brain injury when treated with nanocarriers such as liposomes and vesicles. Nanocarriers can overcome a variety of key biological barriers, improve drug bioavailability, increase intracellular penetration and retention time, achieve drug enrichment, control drug release, and achieve brain-targeting drug delivery. However, the application of nanocarriers remains in the basic research stage and has yet to be fully translated to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingshuang Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyan Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
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Bravo-Vázquez LA, Paul S, Colín-Jurado MG, Márquez-Gallardo LD, Castañón-Cortés LG, Banerjee A, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK. Exploring the Therapeutic Significance of microRNAs and lncRNAs in Kidney Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:123. [PMID: 38275604 PMCID: PMC10815231 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two crucial classes of transcripts that belong to the major group of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). These RNA molecules have significant influence over diverse molecular processes due to their crucial role as regulators of gene expression. However, the dysregulated expression of these ncRNAs constitutes a fundamental factor in the etiology and progression of a wide variety of multifaceted human diseases, including kidney diseases. In this context, over the past years, compelling evidence has shown that miRNAs and lncRNAs could be prospective targets for the development of next-generation drugs against kidney diseases as they participate in a number of disease-associated processes, such as podocyte and nephron death, renal fibrosis, inflammation, transition from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease, renal vascular changes, sepsis, pyroptosis, and apoptosis. Hence, in this current review, we critically analyze the recent findings concerning the therapeutic inferences of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the pathophysiological context of kidney diseases. Additionally, with the aim of driving advances in the formulation of ncRNA-based drugs tailored for the management of kidney diseases, we discuss some of the key challenges and future prospects that should be addressed in forthcoming investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Bravo-Vázquez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico (S.P.)
| | - Sujay Paul
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico (S.P.)
| | - Miriam Guadalupe Colín-Jurado
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico (S.P.)
| | - Luis David Márquez-Gallardo
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico (S.P.)
| | - Luis Germán Castañón-Cortés
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico (S.P.)
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
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Vyavahare S, Kumar S, Smith K, Mendhe B, Zhong R, Cooley MA, Baban B, Isales CM, Hamrick M, Hill WD, Fulzele S. Inhibiting MicroRNA-141-3p Improves Musculoskeletal Health in Aged Mice. Aging Dis 2023; 14:2303-2316. [PMID: 37199586 PMCID: PMC10676793 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0310-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence shows that the microRNA-141-3p is involved in various age-related pathologies. Previously, our group and others reported elevated levels of miR-141-3p in several tissues and organs with age. Here, we inhibited the expression of miR-141-3p using antagomir (Anti-miR-141-3p) in aged mice and explored its role in healthy aging. We analyzed serum (cytokine profiling), spleen (immune profiling), and overall musculoskeletal phenotype. We found decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ) in serum with Anti-miR-141-3p treatment. The flow-cytometry analysis on splenocytes revealed decreased M1 (pro-inflammatory) and increased M2 (anti-inflammatory) populations. We also found improved bone microstructure and muscle fiber size with Anti-miR-141-3p treatment. Molecular analysis revealed that miR-141-3p regulates the expression of AU-rich RNA-binding factor 1 (AUF1) and promotes senescence (p21, p16) and pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ) environment whereas inhibiting miR-141-3p prevents these effects. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the expression of FOXO-1 transcription factor was reduced with Anti-miR-141-3p and elevated with silencing of AUF1 (siRNA-AUF1), suggesting crosstalk between miR-141-3p and FOXO-1. Overall, our proof-of-concept study demonstrates that inhibiting miR-141-3p could be a potential strategy to improve immune, bone, and muscle health with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Vyavahare
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Kathryn Smith
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas, USA.
| | - Bharati Mendhe
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Roger Zhong
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Marion A. Cooley
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Babak Baban
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Carlos M. Isales
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Center for Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Mark Hamrick
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Center for Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - William D Hill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, SC 29403, USA.
| | - Sadanand Fulzele
- Department of Cell biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Center for Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Liu G, Yang C, Wang X, Chen X, Wang Y, Le W. Oxygen metabolism abnormality and Alzheimer's disease: An update. Redox Biol 2023; 68:102955. [PMID: 37956598 PMCID: PMC10665957 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen metabolism abnormality plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) via several mechanisms, including hypoxia, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Hypoxia condition usually results from living in a high-altitude habitat, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and chronic obstructive sleep apnea. Chronic hypoxia has been identified as a significant risk factor for AD, showing an aggravation of various pathological components of AD, such as amyloid β-protein (Aβ) metabolism, tau phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. It is known that hypoxia and excessive hyperoxia can both result in oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction can increase Aβ and tau phosphorylation, and Aβ and tau proteins can lead to redox imbalance, thus forming a vicious cycle and exacerbating AD pathology. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a non-invasive intervention known for its capacity to significantly enhance cerebral oxygenation levels, which can significantly attenuate Aβ aggregation, tau phosphorylation, and neuroinflammation. However, further investigation is imperative to determine the optimal oxygen pressure, duration of exposure, and frequency of HBOT sessions. In this review, we explore the prospects of oxygen metabolism in AD, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms in AD. Current research aimed at attenuating abnormalities in oxygen metabolism holds promise for providing novel therapeutic approaches for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdong Liu
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Cui Yang
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yanjiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Weidong Le
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116021, China.
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Moustafa EM, Moawed FSM, Elmaghraby DF. Luteolin/ZnO nanoparticles attenuate neuroinflammation associated with diabetes via regulating MicroRNA-124 by targeting C/EBPA. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2691-2704. [PMID: 37483155 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The most prevalent brain-specific microRNA, MicroRNA-124, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. Luteolin nano-formulation with Zn oxide in the form of L/ZnO NPs may boost anti-diabetic properties; however, its beneficial effect on miRNAs is yet unknown in diabetes. The effectiveness of L/ZnONPs supplements in preventing diabetic neurodegeneration by modulating inflammatory responses in a diabetic model was investigated. METHODS A diabetic rat model was induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (30 mg/kg I.P.). Plasma glucose, insulin, and HOMR-IR levels, as well as cytokines, lipid peroxidation, GSH/GSSG, and glucose transporter 1, were determined along with the tight junction proteins occludin (OCLN) and zona occludens 1 (ZO-1). Moreover, the expressions of brain CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBPA mRNA), miR-124, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and NF-kBp65 were measured alongside the histological investigation. RESULTS The results revealed that L/ZnO NPs were able to diminish lipid peroxidation, increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and reduce inflammation under oxidative stress. Consequently, it was able to reduce hyperglycemia, elevate insulin levels, and improve insulin resistance. Besides, L/ZnO NPs upregulate miR-124, reduce C/EBPA mRNA, increase BCl-2, and inhibit apoptosis. The results indicate that diabetes raises BBB permeability via tight junction protein decline, which is restored following L/ZnO NPs treatment. Luteolin/ZnO NPs regulate miR-124 and microglia polarization by targeting C/EBPA and are expected to alleviate inflammatory injury via modulation of the redox-sensitive signal transduction pathways. Luteolin/ZnO NPs have a novel target for the protection of the BBB and the prevention of neurological complications in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas M Moustafa
- Radiation Biology, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma S M Moawed
- Health radiation research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina F Elmaghraby
- Health radiation research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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Bravo-Vázquez LA, Méndez-García A, Rodríguez AL, Sahare P, Pathak S, Banerjee A, Duttaroy AK, Paul S. Applications of nanotechnologies for miRNA-based cancer therapeutics: current advances and future perspectives. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1208547. [PMID: 37576994 PMCID: PMC10416113 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1208547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (18-25 nt), non-coding, widely conserved RNA molecules responsible for regulating gene expression via sequence-specific post-transcriptional mechanisms. Since the human miRNA transcriptome regulates the expression of a number of tumor suppressors and oncogenes, its dysregulation is associated with the clinical onset of different types of cancer. Despite the fact that numerous therapeutic approaches have been designed in recent years to treat cancer, the complexity of the disease manifested by each patient has prevented the development of a highly effective disease management strategy. However, over the past decade, artificial miRNAs (i.e., anti-miRNAs and miRNA mimics) have shown promising results against various cancer types; nevertheless, their targeted delivery could be challenging. Notably, numerous reports have shown that nanotechnology-based delivery of miRNAs can greatly contribute to hindering cancer initiation and development processes, representing an innovative disease-modifying strategy against cancer. Hence, in this review, we evaluate recently developed nanotechnology-based miRNA drug delivery systems for cancer therapeutics and discuss the potential challenges and future directions, such as the promising use of plant-made nanoparticles, phytochemical-mediated modulation of miRNAs, and nanozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alma L. Rodríguez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Querétaro, México
| | - Padmavati Sahare
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Querétaro, México
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Hou J, Sun X. Let -7i : A key player and a promising biomarker in diseases. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:909-919. [PMID: 37587077 PMCID: PMC10930445 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.220146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding single-stranded small RNAs that regulate gene expression by recognizing homologous sequences and interfering with transcriptional, translational or epigenetic processes. MiRNAs are involved in a variety of disease processes, and regulate the physiological and pathological status of diseases by modulating target cell activity, migration, invasion, apoptosis, autophagy and other processes. Among them, let-7i is highly expressed in various systems, which participates in the process of tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, fibrotic diseases, inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and other diseases, and plays a positive or negative regulatory role in these diseases through different signal pathways and key molecules. Moreover, it can be used as an early diagnosis and prognostic marker for a variety of diseases and become a potential therapeutic target. As a biomarker, let-7i is frequently tested in combination with other miRNAs to diagnose multiple diseases and evaluate the clinical treatment or prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Hou
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078.
- National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha 410205, China.
| | - Xuan Sun
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078.
- National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha 410205, China.
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Mahdipour R, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan A, Hosseini M, Shahba S, Lombardi G, Malvandi AM, Mohammadipour A. The benefits of grape seed extract in neurological disorders and brain aging. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:369-383. [PMID: 35343876 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2051954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Common neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, epilepsy, autism and psychiatric disorders, affect many people worldwide and threaten their lives and health by inducing movement disorders, behavioral disorders, or a combination of both. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation play a central role in neuronal damage and neurological diseases induction and progression. In addition, protein homeostasis (proteostasis) impairment occurs in many neurodegenerative diseases, which plays a critical role in the progression of the pathology. Grape seed contains several flavonoids and non-flavonoids and exerts potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, polyphenols and flavanols can maintain cellular proteostasis. Since impaired proteostasis is closely involved in all amyloid diseases, particularly neurodegenerative diseases, grape seeds extract can be a valuable therapeutic agent. Therefore, this review discusses the protective and therapeutic mechanisms of grape seed against neurological disorders and, in the end, links GSE to microRNAs as future therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Mahdipour
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Shahba
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Amir Mohammad Malvandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Abbas Mohammadipour
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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11
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Tryphena KP, Singh G, Jain N, Famta P, Srivastava S, Singh SB, Khatri DK. Integration of miRNA's Theranostic Potential with Nanotechnology: Promises and Challenges for Parkinson's Disease Therapeutics. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 211:111800. [PMID: 36958539 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite the wide research going on in Parkinson's disease (PD), the burden of PD still remains high and continues to increase. The current drugs available for the treatment of PD are only aimed at symptomatic control. Hence, research is mainly focused on identifying the novel therapeutic targets that can be effectively targeted in order to slow down or culminate the disease progression. Recently the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of various pathological mechanisms of PD has been thoroughly explored and many of them were found to be dysregulated in the biological samples of PD patients. These miRNAs can be used as diagnostic markers and novel therapeutic options to manage PD. The delivery of miRNAs to the target site in brain is a challenging job owing to their nature of degradability by endonucleases as well as poor blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Nanoparticles appear to be the best solution to effectively encase the miRNA in their core as well as cross the BBB to deliver them into brain. Functionalisation of these nanoparticles further enhances the site-specific delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Molecular and cellular neuroscience lab, Department of pharmacology and toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- Hyderabad
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Molecular and cellular neuroscience lab, Department of pharmacology and toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- Hyderabad
| | - Naitik Jain
- Department of pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- Hyderabad
| | - Paras Famta
- Department of pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- Hyderabad
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- Hyderabad.
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Molecular and cellular neuroscience lab, Department of pharmacology and toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- Hyderabad
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular and cellular neuroscience lab, Department of pharmacology and toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- Hyderabad.
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12
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Sufian MA, Ilies MA. Lipid-based nucleic acid therapeutics with in vivo efficacy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1856. [PMID: 36180107 PMCID: PMC10023279 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic vectors for therapeutic nucleic acid delivery are currently competing significantly with their viral counter parts due to their reduced immunogenicity, large payload capacity, and ease of manufacture under GMP-compliant norms. The approval of Onpattro, a lipid-based siRNA therapeutic, and the proven clinical success of two lipid-based COVID-19 vaccines from Pfizer-BioNTech, and Moderna heralded the specific advantages of lipid-based systems among all other synthetic nucleic acid carriers. Lipid-based systems with diverse payloads-plasmid DNA (pDNA), antisense oligonucleotide (ASO), small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA (miRNA), small activating RNA (saRNA), and messenger RNA (mRNA)-are now becoming a mature technology, with growing impact in the clinic. Research over four decades identified the key factors determining the therapeutic success of these multi-component systems. Here, we discuss the main nucleic acid-based technologies, presenting their mechanism of action, delivery barriers facing them, the structural properties of the payload as well as the component lipids that regulate physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution, efficacy, and toxicity of the resultant nanoparticles. We further detail on the formulation parameters, evolution of the manufacturing techniques that generate reproducible and scalable outputs, and key manufacturing aspects that enable control over physicochemical properties of the resultant particles. Preclinical applications of some of these formulations that were successfully translated from in vitro studies to animal models are subsequently discussed. Finally, clinical success and failure of these systems starting from 1993 to present are highlighted, in a holistic literature review focused on lipid-based nucleic acid delivery systems. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abu Sufian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Marc A. Ilies
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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13
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Bravo-Vázquez LA, Mora-Hernández EO, Rodríguez AL, Sahare P, Bandyopadhyay A, Duttaroy AK, Paul S. Current Advances of Plant-Based Vaccines for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020711. [PMID: 36840033 PMCID: PMC9963606 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are characterized by the progressive degeneration and/or loss of neurons belonging to the central nervous system, and represent one of the major global health issues. Therefore, a number of immunotherapeutic approaches targeting the non-functional or toxic proteins that induce neurodegeneration in NDDs have been designed in the last decades. In this context, due to unprecedented advances in genetic engineering techniques and molecular farming technology, pioneering plant-based immunogenic antigen expression systems have been developed aiming to offer reliable alternatives to deal with important NDDs, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Diverse reports have evidenced that plant-made vaccines trigger significant immune responses in model animals, supported by the production of antibodies against the aberrant proteins expressed in the aforementioned NDDs. Moreover, these immunogenic tools have various advantages that make them a viable alternative for preventing and treating NDDs, such as high scalability, no risk of contamination with human pathogens, cold chain free production, and lower production costs. Hence, this article presents an overview of the current progress on plant-manufactured vaccines for NDDs and discusses its future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Bravo-Vázquez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico
| | - Erick Octavio Mora-Hernández
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Mexico City, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Calle del Puente, No. 222 Col. Ejidos de Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14380, Mexico
| | - Alma L. Rodríguez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico
| | - Padmavati Sahare
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM 3001, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Anindya Bandyopadhyay
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila 4031, Philippines
- Reliance Industries Ltd., Navi Mumbai 400701, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1046 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Sujay Paul
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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14
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Gallardo VJ, Gómez-Galván JB, Asskour L, Torres-Ferrús M, Alpuente A, Caronna E, Pozo-Rosich P. A study of differential microRNA expression profile in migraine: the microMIG exploratory study. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:11. [PMID: 36797674 PMCID: PMC9936672 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have described potential microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers associated with migraine, but studies are scarcely reproducible primarily due to the heterogeneous variability of participants. Increasing evidence shows that disease-related intrinsic factors together with lifestyle (environmental factors), influence epigenetic mechanisms and in turn, diseases. Hence, the main objective of this exploratory study was to find differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNA) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with migraine compared to healthy controls in a well-controlled homogeneous cohort of non-menopausal women. METHODS Patients diagnosed with migraine according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) and healthy controls without familial history of headache disorders were recruited. All participants completed a very thorough questionnaire and structured-interview in order to control for environmental factors. RNA was extracted from PBMC and a microarray system (GeneChip miRNA 4.1 Array chip, Affymetrix) was used to determine the miRNA profiles between study groups. Principal components analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis were performed to study samples distribution and random forest (RF) algorithms were computed for the classification task. To evaluate the stability of the results and the prediction error rate, a bootstrap (.632 + rule) was run through all the procedure. Finally, a functional enrichment analysis of selected targets was computed through protein-protein interaction networks. RESULTS After RF classification, three DE miRNA distinguished study groups in a very homogeneous female cohort, controlled by factors such as demographics (age and BMI), life-habits (physical activity, caffeine and alcohol consumptions), comorbidities and clinical features associated to the disease: miR-342-3p, miR-532-3p and miR-758-5p. Sixty-eight target genes were predicted which were linked mainly to enriched ion channels and signaling pathways, neurotransmitter and hormone homeostasis, infectious diseases and circadian entrainment. CONCLUSIONS A 3-miRNA (miR-342-3p, miR-532-3p and miR-758-5p) novel signature has been found differentially expressed between controls and patients with migraine. Enrichment analysis showed that these pathways are closely associated with known migraine pathophysiology, which could lead to the first reliable epigenetic biomarker set. Further studies should be performed to validate these findings in a larger and more heterogeneous sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. J. Gallardo
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Headache and Neurological Pain Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. B. Gómez-Galván
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Headache and Neurological Pain Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L. Asskour
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Headache and Neurological Pain Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Torres-Ferrús
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Headache and Neurological Pain Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Neurology Department, Headache Unit, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Alpuente
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Headache and Neurological Pain Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Neurology Department, Headache Unit, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E. Caronna
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Headache and Neurological Pain Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Neurology Department, Headache Unit, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P. Pozo-Rosich
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Headache and Neurological Pain Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Neurology Department, Headache Unit, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Elangovan A, Venkatesan D, Selvaraj P, Pasha MY, Babu HWS, Iyer M, Narayanasamy A, Subramaniam MD, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A, Kumar NS, Vellingiri B. miRNA in Parkinson's disease: From pathogenesis to theranostic approaches. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:329-354. [PMID: 36502506 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age associated neurological disorder which is specified by cardinal motor symptoms such as tremor, stiffness, bradykinesia, postural instability, and non-motor symptoms. Dopaminergic neurons degradation in substantia nigra region and aggregation of αSyn are the classic signs of molecular defects noticed in PD pathogenesis. The discovery of microRNAs (miRNA) predicted to have a pivotal part in various processes regarding regularizing the cellular functions. Studies on dysregulation of miRNA in PD pathogenesis has recently gained the concern where our review unravels the role of miRNA expression in PD and its necessity in clinical validation for therapeutic development in PD. Here, we discussed how miRNA associated with ageing process in PD through molecular mechanistic approach of miRNAs on sirtuins, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6, dopamine loss, oxidative stress and autophagic dysregulation. Further we have also conferred the expression of miRNAs affected by SNCA gene expression, neuronal differentiation and its therapeutic potential with PD. In conclusion, we suggest more rigorous studies should be conducted on understanding the mechanisms and functions of miRNA in PD which will eventually lead to discovery of novel and promising therapeutics for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Elangovan
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India
| | - Dhivya Venkatesan
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India
| | - Priyanka Selvaraj
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India
| | - Md Younus Pasha
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India
| | - Harysh Winster Suresh Babu
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India.,Department of Zoology, Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India
| | - Mahalaxmi Iyer
- Livestock Farming, & Bioresources Technology, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arul Narayanasamy
- Department of Zoology, Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India
| | - Mohana Devi Subramaniam
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Tamil Nadu, Vellore, India
| | | | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India.,Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Punjab, Bathinda, India
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16
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Ryu IS, Kim DH, Cho HJ, Ryu JH. The role of microRNA-485 in neurodegenerative diseases. Rev Neurosci 2023; 34:49-62. [PMID: 35793556 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are age-related disorders characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and neuronal cell loss in the central nervous system. Neuropathological conditions such as the accumulation of misfolded proteins can cause neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and synaptic dysfunction in the brain, leading to the development of NDDs including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally via RNA interference. Recently, some studies have reported that some miRNAs play an important role in the development of NDDs by regulating target gene expression. MiRNA-485 (miR-485) is a highly conserved brain-enriched miRNA. Accumulating clinical reports suggest that dysregulated miR-485 may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD and PD. Emerging studies have also shown that miR-485 plays a novel role in the regulation of neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and synaptic function in the pathogenesis of NDDs. In this review, we introduce the biological characteristics of miR-485, provide clinical evidence of the dysregulated miR-485 in NDDs, novel roles of miR-485 in neuropathological events, and discuss the potential of targeting miR-485 as a diagnostic and therapeutic marker for NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Soo Ryu
- Biorchestra Co. Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Dae Hoon Kim
- Biorchestra Co. Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Cho
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Science, Konyang University, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35365, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hyeob Ryu
- Biorchestra Co. Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea.,Biorchestra Co. Ltd., 245 Main St, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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17
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Wang M, Liu H, Ren J, Huang Y, Deng Y, Liu Y, Chen Z, Chow FWN, Leung PHM, Li S. Enzyme-Assisted Nucleic Acid Amplification in Molecular Diagnosis: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13020160. [PMID: 36831926 PMCID: PMC9953907 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases and tumors have become the biggest medical challenges in the 21st century. They are driven by multiple factors such as population growth, aging, climate change, genetic predispositions and more. Nucleic acid amplification technologies (NAATs) are used for rapid and accurate diagnostic testing, providing critical information in order to facilitate better follow-up treatment and prognosis. NAATs are widely used due their high sensitivity, specificity, rapid amplification and detection. It should be noted that different NAATs can be selected according to different environments and research fields; for example, isothermal amplification with a simple operation can be preferred in developing countries or resource-poor areas. In the field of translational medicine, CRISPR has shown great prospects. The core component of NAAT lies in the activity of different enzymes. As the most critical material of nucleic acid amplification, the key role of the enzyme is self-evident, playing the upmost important role in molecular diagnosis. In this review, several common enzymes used in NAATs are compared and described in detail. Furthermore, we summarize both the advances and common issues of NAATs in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Hongna Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Yunqi Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Franklin Wang-Ngai Chow
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Polly Hang-Mei Leung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Song Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
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18
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Tryphena KP, Anuradha U, Kumar R, Rajan S, Srivastava S, Singh SB, Khatri DK. Understanding the Involvement of microRNAs in Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Their Role as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Parkinson's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:S187-S202. [PMID: 35848027 PMCID: PMC10473154 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, affecting the elderly worldwide and causing significant movement impairments. The goal of PD treatment is to restore dopamine levels in the striatum and regulate movement symptoms. The lack of specific biomarkers for early diagnosis, as well as medication aimed at addressing the pathogenic mechanisms to decelerate the progression of dopaminergic neurodegeneration, are key roadblocks in the management of PD. Various pathogenic processes have been identified to be involved in the progression of PD, with mitochondrial dysfunction being a major contributor to the disease's pathogenesis. The regulation of mitochondrial functions is influenced by a variety of factors, including epigenetics. microRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic modulators involved in the regulation of gene expression and regulate a variety of proteins that essential for proper mitochondrial functioning. They are found to be dysregulated in PD, as evidenced by biological samples from PD patients and in vitro and in vivo research. In this article, we attempt to provide an overview of several miRNAs linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Urati Anuradha
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rohith Kumar
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shruti Rajan
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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19
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Seyedaghamiri F, Rajabi M, Mohaddes G. Targeting Novel microRNAs in Developing Novel Alzheimer's Disease Treatments. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:26-38. [PMID: 36048350 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03734-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered a multifactorial disease and a significant cause of dementia during aging. This neurodegenerative disease process is classically divided into two different pathologies cerebral accumulation of amyloid-β and hyperphosphorylated neurofibrillary tau tangles. In recent years, massive efforts have been made to treat AD by decreasing amyloid-β and tau in the brains of patients with AD, with no success. The dysfunction of a wide range of microRNAs promotes the generation and insufficient clearance of amyloid-β (Aβ) and increases tau plaques which are the pathophysiological markers of AD. Disturbance of these microRNAs is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative damage, inflammation, apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) pathogenic process, synaptic loss, and cognitive deficits induced by AD. Targeting a specific microRNA to restore AD-induced impairments at multiple stages might provide a promising approach for developing new drugs and therapeutic strategies for patients with AD. This review focuses on different mechanisms of microRNAs in AD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mojgan Rajabi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51666-14756, Iran
| | - Gisou Mohaddes
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51666-14756, Iran.
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20
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Functional Implications and Clinical Potential of MicroRNAs in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Concise Review. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:38-53. [PMID: 35507132 PMCID: PMC9066399 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07516-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are tiny (20-24 nucleotides long), non-coding, highly conserved RNA molecules that play a crucial role within the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression via sequence-specific mechanisms. Since the miRNA transcriptome is involved in multiple molecular processes needed for cellular homeostasis, its altered expression can trigger the development and progression of several human pathologies. In this context, over the last few years, several relevant studies have demonstrated that dysregulated miRNAs affect a wide range of molecular mechanisms associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a common gastrointestinal disorder. For instance, abnormal miRNA expression in IBS patients is related to the alteration of intestinal permeability, visceral hyperalgesia, inflammatory pathways, and pain sensitivity. Besides, specific miRNAs are differentially expressed in the different subtypes of IBS, and therefore, they might be used as biomarkers for precise diagnosis of these pathological conditions. Accordingly, miRNAs have noteworthy potential as theragnostic targets for IBS. Hence, in this current review, we present an overview of the recent discoveries regarding the clinical relevance of miRNAs in IBS, which might be useful in the future for the development of miRNA-based drugs against this disorder.
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21
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Wang L, Shui X, Zhang M, Mei Y, Xia Y, Lan G, Hu L, Gan CL, Tian Y, Li R, Gu X, Zhang T, Chen D, Lee TH. MiR-191-5p Attenuates Tau Phosphorylation, Aβ Generation, and Neuronal Cell Death by Regulating Death-Associated Protein Kinase 1. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:3554-3566. [PMID: 36454178 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of microRNAs has been implicated in diverse diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). MiR-191-5p in plasma/serum has been identified as a novel and promising noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for AD. However, whether miR-191-5p is involved in AD pathogenesis is largely unknown, and its levels in human AD brains are undetermined. Herein, we demonstrated that miR-191-5p downregulated tau phosphorylation at multiple AD-related sites and promoted neurite outgrowth using immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and neurite outgrowth assays. Moreover, immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays indicated that miR-191-5p decreased amyloid precursor protein phosphorylation levels and beta-amyloid (Aβ) generation. Furthermore, miR-191-5p reduced ceramide-induced neuronal cell death analyzed by trypan blue staining, the in situ cell death detection kit, and Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry. Next, we verified that death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) was a direct target of miR-191-5p through the dual luciferase reporter assay and confirmed that the effects of miR-191-5p were antagonized by restoration of DAPK1 expression. Finally, the hippocampal miR-191-5p level was found to be decreased in humans with AD compared with controls and was inversely correlated with the DAPK1 expression level. Collectively, these findings suggest that miR-191-5p might exert inhibitory effects on tau phosphorylation, Aβ secretion, and neuronal cell death by directly targeting DAPK1, providing an attractive therapeutic option for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, China
| | - Xindong Shui
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, China
| | - Yingxue Mei
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, China
| | - Yongfang Xia
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, China
| | - Guihua Lan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, China
| | - Li Hu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, China
| | - Chen-Ling Gan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, China
| | - Ruomeng Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, China
| | - Xi Gu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, China
| | - Tae Ho Lee
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian350122, China
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Liu ZC, Li LH, Li DY, Gao ZQ, Chen D, Song B, Jiang BH, Dang XW. KIAA1429 regulates alternative splicing events of cancer-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1060574. [PMID: 36505780 PMCID: PMC9732450 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1060574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most fatal malignancies with high morbidity and mortality rates in the world, whose molecular pathogenesis is incompletely understood. As an RNA-binding protein participating in the processing and modification of RNA, KIAA1429 has been proved to be implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple cancers. However, how KIAA1429 functions in alternative splicing is not fully reported. In the current study, multi-omics sequencing data were used to analyze and decipher the molecular functions and the underlying mechanisms of KIAA1429 in HCC samples. RNA sequencing data (RNA-seq) analysis demonstrated that in HCCLM3 cells, alternative splicing (AS) profiles were mediated by KIAA1429. Regulated AS genes (RASGs) by KIAA1429 were enriched in cell cycle and apoptosis-associated pathways. Furthermore, by integrating the RNA immunoprecipitation and sequencing data (RIP-seq) of KIAA1429, we found that KIAA1429-bound transcripts were highly overlapping with RASGs, indicating that KIAA1429 could globally regulate the alternative splicing perhaps by binding to their transcripts in HCCLM3 cells. The overlapping RASGs were also clustered in cell cycle and apoptosis-associated pathways. In particular, we validated the regulated AS events of three genes using clinical specimens from HCC patients, including the exon 6 of BPTF gene and a marker gene of HCC. In summary, our results shed light on the regulatory functions of KIAA1429 in the splicing process of pre-mRNA and provide theoretical basis for the targeted therapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-chen Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lu-Hao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ding-Yang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Center for Genome Analysis, Wuhan Ruixing Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Song
- Center for Genome Analysis, Wuhan Ruixing Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-wei Dang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiao-wei Dang,
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23
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Zhang W, Liu B, Wang Y, Sun PHD L, Liu C, Zhang H, Qin W, Liu J, Han L, Shan W. miR-195-3p/BDNF axis regulates hypoxic injury by targeting P-ERK1/2 expression. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31586. [PMID: 36401373 PMCID: PMC9678563 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common heart disease and the leading cause of cardiovascular deaths worldwide. Decreased endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, increased apoptosis, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction are considered vital factors in CHD. In this study, we aimed to determine the expression and role of microRNA-195-3p and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hypoxic-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). MEASURES We induced hypoxia in HUVECs using the "anaerobic tank method." RESULTS We found that the levels of microRNA-195-3p and BDNF were upregulated and apoptosis was increased. Furthermore, we found that BDNF/P-ERK1/2 regulated the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway proteins Bcl-2/BAX, which was downregulated under hypoxic conditions. Finally, the microRNA-195-3p inhibitor downregulated BDNF and P-ERK1/2, upregulated the Bcl-2/BAX axis, and partially reversed the effects of hypoxic-induced injury in HUVECs. CONCLUSIONS Therapeutic intervention using the microRNA-195-3p/BDNF/P-ERK1/2/Bcl-2/BAX axis could maintain EC function under hypoxic conditions, improve cell activity, and serve as a new treatment strategy for CHDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
- Department of Cardiology, Pingquan City Hospital, Chengde, China
| | - Bingshi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Lixian Sun PHD
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Leng Han
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Weichao Shan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
- *Correspondence: Weichao Shan, Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Shuangqiao District, 36 Nanyingzi Street, Chengde, Hebei 067000, China (e-mail: )
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24
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MicroRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in pancreatic cancer: From epigenetics to potential clinical applications. Transl Oncol 2022; 27:101579. [PMID: 36332600 PMCID: PMC9637816 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two relevant classes of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that play a pivotal role in a number of molecular processes through different epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of gene expression. As a matter of fact, the altered expression of these types of RNAs leads to the development and progression of a varied range of multifactorial human diseases. Several recent reports elucidated that miRNA and lncRNAs have been implicated in pancreatic cancer (PC). For instance, dysregulation of such ncRNAs has been found to be associated with chemoresistance, apoptosis, autophagy, cell differentiation, tumor suppression, tumor growth, cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in PC. Moreover, several aberrantly expressed miRNAs and lncRNAs have the potential to be used as biomarkers for accurate PC diagnosis. Additionally, miRNAs and lncRNAs are considered as promising clinical targets for PC. Therefore, in this review, we discuss recent experimental evidence regarding the clinical implications of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the pathophysiology of PC, their future potential, as well as the challenges that have arisen in this field of study in order to drive forward the design of ncRNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics for PC.
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25
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López-Cepeda L, Castro JD, Aristizábal-Pachón AF, González-Giraldo Y, Pinzón A, Puentes-Rozo PJ, González J. Modulation of Small RNA Signatures by Astrocytes on Early Neurodegeneration Stages; Implications for Biomarker Discovery. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1720. [PMID: 36362875 PMCID: PMC9696502 DOI: 10.3390/life12111720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease (NDD) is complex, therefore simpler, less invasive, more accurate biomarkers are needed. small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) dysregulates in NDDs and sncRNA signatures have been explored for the diagnosis of NDDs, however, the performance of previous biomarkers is still better. Astrocyte dysfunction promotes neurodegeneration and thus derived scnRNA signatures could provide a more precise way to identify of changes related to NDD course and pathogenesis, and it could be useful for the dissection of mechanistic insights operating in NDD. Often sncRNA are transported outside the cell by the action of secreted particles such as extracellular vesicles (EV), which protect sncRNA from degradation. Furthermore, EV associated sncRNA can cross the BBB to be found in easier to obtain peripheral samples, EVs also inherit cell-specific surface markers that can be used for the identification of Astrocyte Derived Extracellular Vesicles (ADEVs) in a peripheral sample. By the study of the sncRNA transported in ADEVs it is possible to identify astrocyte specific sncRNA signatures that could show astrocyte dysfunction in a more simpler manner than previous methods. However, sncRNA signatures in ADEV are not a copy of intracellular transcriptome and methodological aspects such as the yield of sncRNA produced in ADEV or the variable amount of ADEV captured after separation protocols must be considered. Here we review the role as signaling molecules of ADEV derived sncRNA dysregulated in conditions associated with risk of neurodegeneration, providing an explanation of why to choose ADEV for the identification of astrocyte-specific transcriptome. Finally, we discuss possible limitations of this approach and the need to improve the detection limits of sncRNA for the use of ADEV derived sncRNA signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo López-Cepeda
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Juan David Castro
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | | | - Yeimy González-Giraldo
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Andrés Pinzón
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Biología de Sistemas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Pedro J. Puentes-Rozo
- Grupo de Neurociencias del Caribe, Unidad de Neurociencias Cognitivas, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
- Grupo de Neurociencias del Caribe, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla 080007, Colombia
| | - Janneth González
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
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Khan I, Preeti K, Fernandes V, Khatri DK, Singh SB. Role of MicroRNAs, Aptamers in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022; 42:2075-2095. [PMID: 33934227 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01093-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the microRNAs and aptamers for their therapeutic role as biological drugs has expanded the horizon of its applicability against various human diseases, explicitly targeting the genetic materials. RNA-based therapeutics are widely being explored for the treatment and diagnosis of multiple diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders (NDD). Latter includes microRNA, aptamers, ribozymes, and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which control the gene expression mainly at the transcriptional strata. One RNA transcript translates into different protein types; hence, therapies targeted at the transcriptional sphere may have prominent and more extensive effects than alternative therapeutics. Unlike conventional gene therapy, RNAs, upon delivery, can either altogether abolish or alter the synthesis of the protein of interest, therefore, regulating their activities in a controlled and diverse manner. NDDs like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, Prion disease, and others are characterized by deposition of misfolded protein such as amyloid-ß, tau, α-synuclein, huntingtin and prion proteins. Neuroinflammation, one of the perquisites for neurodegeneration, is induced during neurodegenerative pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss microRNAs and aptamers' role as two different RNA-based approaches for their unique ability to regulate protein production at the transcription level, hence offering many advantages over other biologicals. The microRNA acts either by alleviating the malfunctioning RNA expression or by working as a replacement to lost microRNA. On the contrary, aptamer act as a chemical antibody and forms an aptamer-target complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islauddin Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Kumari Preeti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Valencia Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
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27
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Wang F, Gu L, Wang Y, Sun D, Zhao Y, Meng Q, Yin L, Xu L, Lu X, Peng J, Lin Y, Sun P. MicroRNA-122a aggravates intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury by promoting pyroptosis via targeting EGFR-NLRP3 signaling pathway. Life Sci 2022; 307:120863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Martinez B, Peplow PV. MicroRNA biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia and to distinguish from Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:1412-1422. [PMID: 34916411 PMCID: PMC8771095 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.330591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration describes a group of progressive brain disorders that primarily are associated with atrophy of the prefrontal and anterior temporal lobes. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration is considered to be equivalent to frontotemporal dementia. Frontotemporal dementia is characterized by progressive impairments in behavior, executive function, and language. There are two main clinical subtypes: behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia and primary progressive aphasia. The early diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia is critical for developing management strategies and interventions for these patients. Without validated biomarkers, the clinical diagnosis depends on recognizing all the core or necessary neuropsychiatric features, but misdiagnosis often occurs due to overlap with a range of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. In the studies reviewed a very large number of microRNAs were found to be dysregulated but with limited overlap between individual studies. Measurement of specific miRNAs singly or in combination, or as miRNA pairs (as a ratio) in blood plasma, serum, or cerebrospinal fluid enabled frontotemporal dementia to be discriminated from healthy controls, Alzheimer's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Furthermore, upregulation of miR-223-3p and downregulation of miR-15a-5p, which occurred both in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid, distinguished behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia from healthy controls. Downregulation of miR-132-3p in frontal and temporal cortical tissue distinguished frontotemporal lobar degeneration and frontotemporal dementia, respectively, from healthy controls. Possible strong miRNA biofluid biomarker contenders for behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia are miR-223-3p, miR-15a-5p, miR-22-3p in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid, and miR-124 in cerebrospinal fluid. No miRNAs were identified able to distinguish between behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia and primary progressive aphasia subtypes. Further studies are warranted on investigating miRNA expression in biofluids and frontal/temporal cortical tissue to validate and extend these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Martinez
- Department of Medicine, St. Georges University School of Medicine, Grenada
| | - Philip V. Peplow
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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29
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Yu FSX, Lee PSY, Yang L, Gao N, Zhang Y, Ljubimov AV, Yang E, Zhou Q, Xie L. The impact of sensory neuropathy and inflammation on epithelial wound healing in diabetic corneas. Prog Retin Eye Res 2022; 89:101039. [PMID: 34991965 PMCID: PMC9250553 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2021.101039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes, with several underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, some of which are still uncertain. The cornea is an avascular tissue and sensitive to hyperglycemia, resulting in several diabetic corneal complications including delayed epithelial wound healing, recurrent erosions, neuropathy, loss of sensitivity, and tear film changes. The manifestation of DPN in the cornea is referred to as diabetic neurotrophic keratopathy (DNK). Recent studies have revealed that disturbed epithelial-neural-immune cell interactions are a major cause of DNK. The epithelium is supplied by a dense network of sensory nerve endings and dendritic cell processes, and it secretes growth/neurotrophic factors and cytokines to nourish these neighboring cells. In turn, sensory nerve endings release neuropeptides to suppress inflammation and promote epithelial wound healing, while resident immune cells provide neurotrophic and growth factors to support neuronal and epithelial cells, respectively. Diabetes greatly perturbs these interdependencies, resulting in suppressed epithelial proliferation, sensory neuropathy, and a decreased density of dendritic cells. Clinically, this results in a markedly delayed wound healing and impaired sensory nerve regeneration in response to insult and injury. Current treatments for DPN and DNK largely focus on managing the severe complications of the disease. Cell-based therapies hold promise for providing more effective treatment for diabetic keratopathy and corneal ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Shin X Yu
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Patrick S Y Lee
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Lingling Yang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Nan Gao
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Alexander V Ljubimov
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ellen Yang
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Qingjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Lixin Xie
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China.
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30
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Cai Q, Zhang X, Shen L, Song H, Wang T. The protective effect of MiR-27a on the neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by targeting FOXO1 in rats. Transl Pediatr 2022; 11:1199-1208. [PMID: 35958013 PMCID: PMC9360825 DOI: 10.21037/tp-22-259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), a kind of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage caused by perinatal asphyxia, is the most crucial cause of neonatal death and long-term neurological dysfunction in children. We aimed to investigate the protective effects of micro (mi)R-27a on HIE in neonatal rats. METHODS A rat model of neonatal HIE was constructed by modification of the Rice-Vannucci model. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to test the expressions of miR-27a, FOXO1 messenger RNA (mRNA), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) mRNA, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA, and western blot was applied to test the expression of FOXO1. In order to overexpress miR-27a, an intracerebroventricular injection (i.c.v) of miR-27a mimic was administered. We adopted 2,3,5-triphenytetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and brain water content measurement to test the effects of miR-27a on the infarcted volume and edema in brain after HIE. Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis was applied to test the effects of miR-27a on the infiltrated peripheral immune cells in the rat brains after HIE. RESULTS We successfully established a rat model of neonatal HIE. It was revealed that the expressions of miR-27a decreased gradually after HIE, however, the expressions of FOXO1 mRNA increased. After injection of the miR-27a mimic, the expression of miR-27a in the rat HIE model brains was significantly upregulated, however, the expression of FOXO1 was robustly downregulated. Both TTC staining and brain water content showed that the infarcted volume and brain edema was markedly increased after HIE. Interestingly, the overexpression of miR-27a reduced the infarcted volume and edema induced by HIE. Additionally, RT-qPCR and FCM analysis showed that HIE lead to increases of IL-1β, TNF-α, and infiltrated immune cells. Overexpression of miR-27a could reduce the expressions of IL-1β mRNA and TNF-α mRNA, and the cell numbers of infiltrated peripheral macrophages and neutrophils in the brain. CONCLUSIONS MiR-27a plays protective roles by reducing infarct volume and brain edema, and inhibiting inflammatory factors and infiltrated peripheral immune cells by targeting FOXO1 in neonatal HIE rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Liyuan Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Honghua Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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31
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Paul S, Ruiz-Manriquez LM, Ambriz-Gonzalez H, Medina-Gomez D, Valenzuela-Coronado E, Moreno-Gomez P, Pathak S, Chakraborty S, Srivastava A. Impact of smoking-induced dysregulated human miRNAs in chronic disease development and their potential use in prognostic and therapeutic purposes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23134. [PMID: 35695328 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionary conserved small noncoding RNA molecules with a significant ability to regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level either through translation repression or messenger RNA degradation. miRNAs are differentially expressed in various pathophysiological conditions, affecting the course of the disease by modulating several critical target genes. As the persistence of irreversible molecular changes caused by cigarette smoking is central to the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, several studies have shown its direct correlation with the dysregulation of different miRNAs, affecting numerous essential biological processes. This review provides an insight into the current status of smoking-induced miRNAs dysregulation in chronic diseases such as COPD, atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, and different cancers and explores the diagnostic/prognostic potential of miRNA-based biomarkers and their efficacy as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Luis M Ruiz-Manriquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Hector Ambriz-Gonzalez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Daniel Medina-Gomez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Estefania Valenzuela-Coronado
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Paloma Moreno-Gomez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Samik Chakraborty
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aashish Srivastava
- Section of Bioinformatics, Clinical Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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32
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Habib S, Singh M. Carbon-based Nanomaterials for delivery of small RNA molecules: a focus on potential cancer treatment applications. Pharm Nanotechnol 2022; 10:PNT-EPUB-124198. [PMID: 35670355 DOI: 10.2174/2211738510666220606102906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleic acid-mediated therapy holds immense potential in the treatment of recalcitrant human diseases such as cancer. This is underscored by advances in understanding the mechanisms of gene regulation. In particular, the endogenous protective mechanism of gene silencing known as RNA interference (RNAi) has been extensively exploited. METHODS We review here the developments from 2011 to 2021, in the use of nanographene oxide, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, carbon nanohorns, carbon nanodots and nanodiamonds for the delivery of therapeutic small RNA molecules. RESULTS Appropriately designed effector molecules such as small interfering RNA (siRNA), can, in theory, silence the expression of any disease-causing gene. Alternatively, siRNA can be generated in vivo through the introduction of plasmid-based short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression vectors. Other small RNAs such as micro RNA (miRNA) also function in post-transcriptional gene regulation and are aberrantly expressed under disease conditions. The miRNA-based therapy involves either restoration of miRNA function through the introduction of miRNA mimics; or the inhibition of miRNA function by delivering anti-miRNA oligomers. However, the large size, hydrophilicity, negative charge and nuclease-sensitivity of nucleic acids necessitate an appropriate carrier for their introduction as medicine into cells. CONCLUSION While numerous organic and inorganic materials have been investigated for this purpose, the perfect carrier agent remains elusive. In recent years, carbon-based nanomaterials have received widespread attention in biotechnology due to their tunable surface characteristics, mechanical, electrical, optical and chemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saffiya Habib
- Nano-Gene and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Moganavelli Singh
- Nano-Gene and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
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Moayedi K, Orandi S, Ebrahimi R, Tanhapour M, Moradi M, Abbastabar M, Golestani A. A novel approach to type 3 diabetes mechanism: The interplay between noncoding RNAs and insulin signaling pathway in Alzheimer's disease. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2838-2861. [PMID: 35580144 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Today, growing evidence indicates that patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Indeed, AD as one of the main causes of dementia in people aged more than 65 years can be aggravated by insulin resistance (IR) and other metabolic risk factors related to T2D which are also linked to the function of the brain. Remarkably, a new term called "type 3 diabetes" has been suggested for those people who are diagnosed with AD while also showing the symptoms of IR and T2D. In this regard, the role of genetic and epigenetic changes associated with AD has been confirmed by many studies. On the other hand, it should be noted that the insulin signaling pathway is highly regulated by various mechanisms, including epigenetic factors. Among these, the role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs has been comprehensively studied with respect to the pathology of AD and the most well-known underlying mechanisms. Nevertheless, the number of studies exploring the association between ncRNAs and the downstream targets of the insulin signaling pathway in the development of AD has notably increased in recent years. With this in view, the present study aimed to review the interplay between different ncRNAs and the insulin signaling pathway targets in the pathogenesis of AD to find a new approach in the field of combining biomarkers or therapeutic targets for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiana Moayedi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Orandi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhane Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Tanhapour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Moradi
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maryam Abbastabar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Golestani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Dysregulated miRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutical Targets in Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050770. [PMID: 35629192 PMCID: PMC9143965 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) are representative neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) characterized by degeneration of selective neurons, as well as the lack of effective biomarkers and therapeutic treatments. In the last decade, microRNAs (miRNAs) have gained considerable interest in diagnostics and therapy of NDs, owing to their aberrant expression and their ability to target multiple molecules and pathways. Here, we provide an overview of dysregulated miRNAs in fluids (blood or cerebrospinal fluid) and nervous tissue of AD, PD, and ALS patients. By emphasizing those that are commonly dysregulated in these NDs, we highlight their potential role as biomarkers or therapeutical targets and describe the use of antisense oligonucleotides as miRNA therapies.
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35
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Costa MD, Maciel P. Modifier pathways in polyglutamine (PolyQ) diseases: from genetic screens to drug targets. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:274. [PMID: 35503478 PMCID: PMC11071829 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04280-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polyglutamine (PolyQ) diseases include a group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders caused by unstable expansions of CAG trinucleotide repeats in the coding region of specific genes. Such genetic alterations produce abnormal proteins containing an unusually long PolyQ tract that renders them more prone to aggregate and cause toxicity. Although research in the field in the last years has contributed significantly to the knowledge of the biological mechanisms implicated in these diseases, effective treatments are still lacking. In this review, we revisit work performed in models of PolyQ diseases, namely the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans and the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, and provide a critical overview of the high-throughput unbiased genetic screens that have been performed using these systems to identify novel genetic modifiers of PolyQ diseases. These approaches have revealed a wide variety of cellular processes that modulate the toxicity and aggregation of mutant PolyQ proteins, reflecting the complexity of these disorders and demonstrating how challenging the development of therapeutic strategies can be. In addition to the unbiased large-scale genetic screenings in non-vertebrate models, complementary studies in mammalian systems, closer to humans, have contributed with novel genetic modifiers of PolyQ diseases, revealing neuronal function and inflammation as key disease modulators. A pathway enrichment analysis, using the human orthologues of genetic modifiers of PolyQ diseases clustered modifier genes into major themes translatable to the human disease context, such as protein folding and transport as well as transcription regulation. Innovative genetic strategies of genetic manipulation, together with significant advances in genomics and bioinformatics, are taking modifier genetic studies to more realistic disease contexts. The characterization of PolyQ disease modifier pathways is of extreme relevance to reveal novel therapeutic possibilities to delay disease onset and progression in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Daniela Costa
- School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3Bs-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Maciel
- School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3Bs-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
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Jothimani G, Bhatiya M, Pathak S, Paul S, Banerjee A. Tumor Suppressor microRNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Mini-Review. RECENT ADVANCES IN INFLAMMATION & ALLERGY DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 16:5-15. [PMID: 35670340 DOI: 10.2174/2772270816666220606112727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is associated with a group of cancers affecting the organs in the GI tract, with a high incidence and mortality rate. This type of cancer development involves a series of molecular events that arise by the dysregulation of gene expressions and microRNAs (miRNAs). OBJECTIVES This mini-review focuses on elucidating the mechanism of tumor suppressor miRNA-mediated oncogenic gene silencing, which may contribute to a better understanding of miRNA-mediated gene expression regulation of cell cycle, proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis in GI cancers. In this review, the biological significance of tumor suppressor miRNAs involved in gastrointestinal cancers is briefly explained. METHODS The articles were searched with the keywords 'miRNA', 'gastrointestinal cancers', 'esophageal cancer', 'gastric cancer', 'colorectal cancer', 'pancreatic cancer', 'liver cancer', and 'gall bladder cancer' from the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. A total of 71 research and review articles have been collected and referred for this study. RESULTS This review summarises recent research enhancing the effectiveness of miRNAs as novel prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic markers for GI cancer treatment strategies. The expression pattern of various miRNAs has been dysregulated in GI cancers, which are associated with proliferation, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. CONCLUSION The role of tumor suppressor miRNAs in the negative regulation of oncogenic gene expression was thoroughly explained in this review. Its potential role as a microRNA therapeutic candidate is also discussed. Profiling and regulating tumor suppressor miRNA expression in gastrointestinal cancers using miRNA mimics could be used as a prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic marker, as well as an elucidating molecular therapeutic approach to tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Jothimani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Meenu Bhatiya
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro CP 76130, Mexico
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
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37
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Nguyen TPN, Kumar M, Fedele E, Bonanno G, Bonifacino T. MicroRNA Alteration, Application as Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Approaches in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094718. [PMID: 35563107 PMCID: PMC9104163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential post-transcriptional gene regulators involved in various neuronal and non-neuronal cell functions and play a key role in pathological conditions. Numerous studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are dysregulated in major neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or Huntington’s disease. Hence, in the present work, we constructed a comprehensive overview of individual microRNA alterations in various models of the above neurodegenerative diseases. We also provided evidence of miRNAs as promising biomarkers for prognostic and diagnostic approaches. In addition, we summarized data from the literature about miRNA-based therapeutic applications via inhibiting or promoting miRNA expression. We finally identified the overlapping miRNA signature across the diseases, including miR-128, miR-140-5p, miR-206, miR-326, and miR-155, associated with multiple etiological cellular mechanisms. However, it remains to be established whether and to what extent miRNA-based therapies could be safely exploited in the future as effective symptomatic or disease-modifying approaches in the different human neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. P. Nhung Nguyen
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (T.P.N.N.); (M.K.); (G.B.); (T.B.)
| | - Mandeep Kumar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (T.P.N.N.); (M.K.); (G.B.); (T.B.)
| | - Ernesto Fedele
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (T.P.N.N.); (M.K.); (G.B.); (T.B.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Giambattista Bonanno
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (T.P.N.N.); (M.K.); (G.B.); (T.B.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonifacino
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (T.P.N.N.); (M.K.); (G.B.); (T.B.)
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 56122 Genoa, Italy
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38
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Fang Z, Zhang X, Huang H, Wu J. Exosome based miRNA delivery strategy for disease treatment. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Rastegar-moghaddam SH, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan A, Shahba S, Malvandi AM, Mohammadipour A. MicroRNA-22: a Novel and Potent Biological Therapeutics in Neurological Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:2694-2701. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02769-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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40
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Wan L, Jia RM, Ji LL, Qin XM, Hu L, Hu F, Han Y, Pan YB, Jiang CY, Liu WT. AMPK-autophagy-mediated inhibition of microRNA-30a-5p alleviates morphine tolerance via SOCS3-dependent neuroinflammation suppression. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:25. [PMID: 35093117 PMCID: PMC8800317 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02384-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of morphine tolerance is a clinical challenge for managing severe pain. Studies have shown that neuroinflammation is a critical aspect for the development of analgesic tolerance. We found that AMPK-autophagy activation could suppress neuroinflammation and improve morphine tolerance via the upregulation of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) by inhibiting the processing and maturation of microRNA-30a-5p. METHODS CD-1 mice were utilized for the tail-flick test to evaluate morphine tolerance. The microglial cell line BV-2 was utilized to investigate the mechanism of AMPK-autophagy-mediated posttranscriptional regulation of SOCS3. Proinflammatory cytokines were measured by western blotting and real-time PCR. The levels of SOCS3 and miRNA-processing enzymes were evaluated by western blotting, real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Based on experimental verification, miRNA-30a-5p could negatively regulate SOCS3. The AMPK activators AICAR, resveratrol and metformin downregulated miRNA-30a-5p. We found that AMPK activators specifically inhibited the processing and maturation of miRNA-30a-5p in microglia by degrading DICER and AGO2 via autophagy. Furthermore, a miRNA-30a-5p inhibitor significantly improved morphine tolerance via upregulation of SCOS3 in mice. It markedly increased the level of SOCS3 in the spinal cord of mice and subsequently inhibited morphine-induced phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. In addition, a miRNA-30a-5p inhibitor decreased the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α caused by morphine in microglia. CONCLUSION AMPK-autophagy activation suppresses neuroinflammation and improves morphine tolerance via the upregulation of SOCS3 by inhibiting miRNA-30a-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ru-Meng Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu-Lu Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin-Miao Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yin-Bing Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun-Yi Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wen-Tao Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
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Ruiz-Manriquez LM, Ledesma Pacheco SJ, Medina-Gomez D, Uriostegui-Pena AG, Estrada-Meza C, Bandyopadhyay A, Pathak S, Banerjee A, Chakraborty S, Srivastava A, Paul S. A Brief Review on the Regulatory Roles of MicroRNAs in Cystic Diseases and Their Use as Potential Biomarkers. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020191. [PMID: 35205236 PMCID: PMC8872411 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are small endogenous conserved non-coding RNA molecules that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression through mRNA degradation or translational inhibition, modulating nearly 60% of human genes. Cystic diseases are characterized by the presence of abnormal fluid-filled sacs in the body, and though most cysts are benign, they can grow inside tumors and turn malignant. Recent evidence has revealed that the aberrant expression of a number of miRNAs present in extracellular fluids, including plasma or serum, urine, saliva, follicular fluid, and semen, contribute to different cystic pathologies. This review aims to describe the role of different miRNAs in three worldwide relevant cystic diseases: polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), polycystic kidney disease (PKD), and pancreatic cyst tumors (PCTs), as well as their potential use as novel biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M. Ruiz-Manriquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico; (L.M.R.-M.); (S.J.L.P.); (D.M.-G.); (A.G.U.-P.); (C.E.-M.)
| | - Schoenstatt Janin Ledesma Pacheco
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico; (L.M.R.-M.); (S.J.L.P.); (D.M.-G.); (A.G.U.-P.); (C.E.-M.)
| | - Daniel Medina-Gomez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico; (L.M.R.-M.); (S.J.L.P.); (D.M.-G.); (A.G.U.-P.); (C.E.-M.)
| | - Andrea G. Uriostegui-Pena
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico; (L.M.R.-M.); (S.J.L.P.); (D.M.-G.); (A.G.U.-P.); (C.E.-M.)
| | - Carolina Estrada-Meza
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico; (L.M.R.-M.); (S.J.L.P.); (D.M.-G.); (A.G.U.-P.); (C.E.-M.)
| | - Anindya Bandyopadhyay
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, Manila 4031, Philippines;
- Synthetic Biology, Biofuel and Genome Editing R&D, Reliance Industries Ltd., Navi Mumbai 400701, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai 603103, India; (S.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai 603103, India; (S.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Samik Chakraborty
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Aashish Srivastava
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway;
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Queretaro 76130, Mexico; (L.M.R.-M.); (S.J.L.P.); (D.M.-G.); (A.G.U.-P.); (C.E.-M.)
- Correspondence:
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42
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A Brief Review on the Regulatory Roles of MicroRNAs in Cystic Diseases and Their Use as Potential Biomarkers. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:191. [PMID: 35205236 PMCID: PMC8872411 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020191&set/a 867452130+949943291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are small endogenous conserved non-coding RNA molecules that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression through mRNA degradation or translational inhibition, modulating nearly 60% of human genes. Cystic diseases are characterized by the presence of abnormal fluid-filled sacs in the body, and though most cysts are benign, they can grow inside tumors and turn malignant. Recent evidence has revealed that the aberrant expression of a number of miRNAs present in extracellular fluids, including plasma or serum, urine, saliva, follicular fluid, and semen, contribute to different cystic pathologies. This review aims to describe the role of different miRNAs in three worldwide relevant cystic diseases: polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), polycystic kidney disease (PKD), and pancreatic cyst tumors (PCTs), as well as their potential use as novel biomarkers.
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43
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A Brief Review on the Regulatory Roles of MicroRNAs in Cystic Diseases and Their Use as Potential Biomarkers. Genes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/genes13020191
expr 889616206 + 938882164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are small endogenous conserved non-coding RNA molecules that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression through mRNA degradation or translational inhibition, modulating nearly 60% of human genes. Cystic diseases are characterized by the presence of abnormal fluid-filled sacs in the body, and though most cysts are benign, they can grow inside tumors and turn malignant. Recent evidence has revealed that the aberrant expression of a number of miRNAs present in extracellular fluids, including plasma or serum, urine, saliva, follicular fluid, and semen, contribute to different cystic pathologies. This review aims to describe the role of different miRNAs in three worldwide relevant cystic diseases: polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), polycystic kidney disease (PKD), and pancreatic cyst tumors (PCTs), as well as their potential use as novel biomarkers.
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44
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The role of microRNAs in solving COVID-19 puzzle from infection to therapeutics: A mini-review. Virus Res 2022; 308:198631. [PMID: 34788642 PMCID: PMC8590742 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, one of the major global health concerns is coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Even though numerous treatments and vaccines to combat this virus are currently under development, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of this disease are yet to be elucidated to design future therapeutic tools against SARS-CoV-2 variants. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (20-24 nucleotides), non-coding RNA molecules that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression. Recently, it has been demonstrated that both host and viral-encoded miRNAs are crucial for the successful infection of SARS-CoV-2. For instance, dysregulation of miRNAs that modulate multiple genes expressed in COVID-19 patients with comorbidities (e.g., type 2 diabetes, lung adenocarcinoma, and cerebrovascular disorders) could affect the severity of the disease. Thus, altered expression levels of circulating miRNAs might be helpful to diagnose this illness and forecast whether a COVID-19 patient could develop a severe state of the disease. Besides, researchers have found a number of miRNAs could inhibit the expression of proteins, such as ACE2, TMPRSS2, spike, and Nsp12, involved in the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2. Accordingly, miRNAs represent potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for this devastating viral disease. Therefore, in this current review, we present the recent discoveries regarding the clinical relevance and biological roles of miRNAs in COVID-19.
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45
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Niccolini B, Palmieri V, De Spirito M, Papi M. Opportunities Offered by Graphene Nanoparticles for MicroRNAs Delivery for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Treatment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 15:126. [PMID: 35009270 PMCID: PMC8745865 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the degeneration and death of motor neurons. This neurodegenerative disease leads to muscle atrophy, paralysis, and death due to respiratory failure. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNAs) with a length of 19 to 25 nucleotides, participating in the regulation of gene expression. Different studies have demonstrated that miRNAs deregulation is critical for the onset of a considerable number of neurodegenerative diseases, including ALS. Some studies have underlined how miRNAs are deregulated in ALS patients and for this reason, design therapies are used to correct the aberrant expression of miRNAs. With this rationale, delivery systems can be designed to target specific miRNAs. Specifically, these systems can be derived from viral vectors (viral systems) or synthetic or natural materials, including exosomes, lipids, and polymers. Between many materials used for non-viral vectors production, the two-dimensional graphene and its derivatives represent a good alternative for efficiently delivering nucleic acids. The large surface-to-volume ratio and ability to penetrate cell membranes are among the advantages of graphene. This review focuses on the specific pathogenesis of miRNAs in ALS and on graphene delivery systems designed for gene delivery to create a primer for future studies in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Niccolini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Palmieri
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, CNR, Via dei Taurini 19, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Papi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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46
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Ruiz-Manriquez LM, Estrada-Meza C, Benavides-Aguilar JA, Ledesma-Pacheco SJ, Torres-Copado A, Serrano-Cano FI, Bandyopadhyay A, Pathak S, Chakraborty S, Srivastava A, Sharma A, Paul S. Phytochemicals mediated modulation of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in cancer prevention and therapy. Phytother Res 2021; 36:705-729. [PMID: 34932245 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two main categories of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that can influence essential biological functions in various ways, as well as their expression and function are tightly regulated in physiological homeostasis. Additionally, the dysregulation of these ncRNAs seems to be crucial to the pathogenesis of human diseases. The latest findings indicate that ncRNAs execute vital roles in cancer initiation and progression, and the cancer phenotype can be reversed by modulating their expression. Available scientific discoveries suggest that phytochemicals such as polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, and organosulfur compounds can significantly modulate multiple cancer-associated miRNAs and lncRNAs, thereby inhibiting cancer initiation and development. However, despite promising outcomes of experimental research, only a few clinical trials are currently being conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of these compounds. Nevertheless, understanding phytochemical-mediated ncRNA regulation in cancer and the underlying molecular mechanisms on tumor pathophysiology can aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Ruiz-Manriquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, San Pablo, Mexico
| | - Carolina Estrada-Meza
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, San Pablo, Mexico
| | | | - S Janin Ledesma-Pacheco
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, San Pablo, Mexico
| | - Andrea Torres-Copado
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, San Pablo, Mexico
| | - Francisco I Serrano-Cano
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, San Pablo, Mexico
| | - Anindya Bandyopadhyay
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines.,Synthetic Biology, Biofuel and Genome Editing R&D, Reliance Industries Ltd, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, India
| | - Samik Chakraborty
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, San Pablo, Mexico
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, San Pablo, Mexico
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47
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Posttranscriptional regulation of Nrf2 through miRNAs and their role in Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:106018. [PMID: 34863823 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2/Nrf2) is a pivotal facilitator of cytoprotective responses against the oxidative/electrophilic insults. Upon activation, Nrf2 induces transcription of a wide range of cytoprotective genes having antioxidant response element (ARE) in their promoter region. Dysfunction in Nrf2 signaling has been linked to the pathogenesis of AD and several studies have suggested that boosting Nrf2 expression/activity by genetic or pharmacological approaches is beneficial in AD. Among the diverse mechanisms that regulate the Nrf2 signaling, miRNAs-mediated regulation of Nrf2 has gained much attention in recent years. Several miRNAs have been reported to directly repress the post-transcriptional expression of Nrf2 and thereby negatively regulate the Nrf2-dependent cellular cytoprotective response in AD. Moreover, several Nrf2 targeting miRNAs are misregulated in AD brains. This review is focused on the role of misregulated miRNAs that directly target Nrf2, in AD pathophysiology. Here, alongside a general description of functional interactions between miRNAs and Nrf2, we have reviewed the evidence indicating the possible role of these miRNAs in AD pathogenesis.
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48
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Nakano M, Fujimiya M. Potential effects of mesenchymal stem cell derived extracellular vesicles and exosomal miRNAs in neurological disorders. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:2359-2366. [PMID: 33907007 PMCID: PMC8374551 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.313026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent cells that possess anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and immunomodulatory properties. The effects of existing drugs for neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease are limited, thus mesenchymal stem cell therapy has been anticipated as a means of ameliorating neuronal dysfunction. Since mesenchymal stem cells are known to scarcely differentiate into neuronal cells in damaged brain after transplantation, paracrine factors secreted from mesenchymal stem cells have been suggested to exert therapeutic effects. Extracellular vesicles and exosomes are small vesicles released from mesenchymal stem cells that contain various molecules, including proteins, mRNAs and microRNAs. In recent years, administration of exosomes/extracellular vesicles in models of neurological disorders has been shown to improve neuronal dysfunctions, via exosomal transfer into damaged cells. In addition, various microRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cells that regulate various genes and reduce neuropathological changes in various neurological disorders have been identified. This review summarizes the effects of exosomes/extracellular vesicles and exosomal microRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cells on models of stroke, subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, and cognitive impairments, including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Nakano
- Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mineko Fujimiya
- Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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49
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Gene Therapy Approach with an Emphasis on Growth Factors: Theoretical and Clinical Outcomes in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 59:191-233. [PMID: 34655056 PMCID: PMC8518903 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02555-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of many neurological diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) is unknown and still needs more effective and specific therapeutic approaches. Gene therapy has a promising future in treating neurodegenerative disorders by correcting the genetic defects or by therapeutic protein delivery and is now an attraction for neurologists to treat brain disorders, like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy, spinocerebellar ataxia, epilepsy, Huntington’s disease, stroke, and spinal cord injury. Gene therapy allows the transgene induction, with a unique expression in cells’ substrate. This article mainly focuses on the delivering modes of genetic materials in the CNS, which includes viral and non-viral vectors and their application in gene therapy. Despite the many clinical trials conducted so far, data have shown disappointing outcomes. The efforts done to improve outcomes, efficacy, and safety in the identification of targets in various neurological disorders are also discussed here. Adapting gene therapy as a new therapeutic approach for treating neurological disorders seems to be promising, with early detection and delivery of therapy before the neuron is lost, helping a lot the development of new therapeutic options to translate to the clinic.
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50
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Xu S, Zhang X, Liu C, Liu Q, Chai H, Luo Y, Li S. Role of Mitochondria in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From an Epigenetic Perspective. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:688789. [PMID: 34513831 PMCID: PMC8429841 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.688789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, the centers of energy metabolism, have been shown to participate in epigenetic regulation of neurodegenerative diseases. Epigenetic modification of nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins has an impact on mitochondria homeostasis, including mitochondrial biogenesis, and quality, which plays role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. On the other hand, intermediate metabolites regulated by mitochondria such as acetyl-CoA and NAD+, in turn, may regulate nuclear epigenome as the substrate for acetylation and a cofactor of deacetylation, respectively. Thus, mitochondria are involved in epigenetic regulation through bidirectional communication between mitochondria and nuclear, which may provide a new strategy for neurodegenerative diseases treatment. In addition, emerging evidence has suggested that the abnormal modification of mitochondria DNA contributes to disease development through mitochondria dysfunction. In this review, we provide an overview of how mitochondria are involved in epigenetic regulation and discuss the mechanisms of mitochondria in regulation of neurodegenerative diseases from epigenetic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiulu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huazhen Chai
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuping Luo
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Siguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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