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Joshua Ashaolu T, Joshua Olatunji O, Can Karaca A, Lee CC, Mahdi Jafari S. Anti-obesity and anti-diabetic bioactive peptides: A comprehensive review of their sources, properties, and techno-functional challenges. Food Res Int 2024; 187:114427. [PMID: 38763677 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The scourge of obesity arising from obesogens and poor dieting still ravages our planet as half of the global population may be overweight and obese by 2035. This metabolic disorder is intertwined with type 2 diabetes (T2D), both of which warrant alternative therapeutic options other than clinically approved drugs like orlistat with their tendency of abuse and side effects. In this review, we comprehensively describe the global obesity problem and its connection to T2D. Obesity, overconsumption of fats, the mechanism of fat digestion, obesogenic gut microbiota, inhibition of fat digestion, and natural anti-obesity compounds are discussed. Similar discussions are made for diabetes with regard to glucose regulation, the diabetic gut microbiota, and insulinotropic compounds. The sources and production of anti-obesity bioactive peptides (AOBPs) and anti-diabetic bioactive peptides (ADBPs) are also described while explaining their structure-function relationships, gastrointestinal behaviors, and action mechanisms. Finally, the techno-functional applications of AOBPs and ADBPs are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolulope Joshua Ashaolu
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam; Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam.
| | | | - Asli Can Karaca
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Chi-Ching Lee
- Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Food Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran; Halal Research Center of IRI, Iran Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
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Samudra AG, Nugroho AE, Murwanti R. Review of the pharmacological properties of marine macroalgae used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2024:S0003-4509(24)00024-5. [PMID: 38354976 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world, with 70% of its territory covered by oceans that are rich in various types of biological resources. Indonesia's biodiversity has made it possible to develop natural medicine. Marine algae have enormous potential, but the types of marine algae used still need to be more varied. Research on the pharmacology of marine macroalgae has been conducted in Indonesia, but studies on such topic related to diabetes mellitus (DM) still need to be completed. This study provides a comprehensive dataset of pharmacological anti-diabetic potential of marine macroalgae used for managing DM and reports on preclinical trials that provide pharmacological evidence. Data on the Indonesian marine macroalgae used to lower blood glucose were obtained from online sources. The bioactive chemicals of marine macroalgae have been found efficient at blocking several diabetes enzymes in in-vivo and in-vitro studies, and such chemicals have anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antioxidant, and other therapeutic benefits. The Google Scholar was used to search for the pharmacological literature with the keywords marine AND macroalgae AND diabetes AND Indonesia. Pharmacological research on the anti-diabetic activity of marine macroalgae has been carried out on five major Indonesian islands, including Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Sulawesi, and Papua, which encompassed 12 provinces: Southwest Papua, South Sulawesi, West Kalimantan, Riau Archipelago, Banten, West Java, North Sulawesi, East Java, Yogyakarta, Maluku, Jakarta, and Bengkulu. Articles on preclinical tests (in vitro and in vivo) were also used for the phytochemical problem section. The results briefly describe which class of algae has been widely used in Indonesia as an anti-diabetic. The findings of this research can be utilized to help find DM treatment drugs based on natural resources from marine macroalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agung Giri Samudra
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bengkulu University, 38371 Bengkulu, Indonesia
| | - Agung Endro Nugroho
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Retno Murwanti
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Tang L, Xiao M, Cai S, Mou H, Li D. Potential Application of Marine Fucosyl-Polysaccharides in Regulating Blood Glucose and Hyperglycemic Complications. Foods 2023; 12:2600. [PMID: 37444337 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become the world's third major disease after tumors and cardiovascular disease. With the exploitation of marine biological resources, the efficacy of using polysaccharides isolated from marine organisms in blood glucose regulation has received widespread attention. Some marine polysaccharides can reduce blood glucose by inhibiting digestive enzyme activity, eliminating insulin resistance, and regulating gut microbiota. These polysaccharides are mainly fucose-containing sulphated polysaccharides from algae and sea cucumbers. It follows that the hypoglycemic activity of marine fucosyl-polysaccharides is closely related to their structure, such as their sulfate group, monosaccharide composition, molecular weight and glycosidic bond type. However, the structure of marine fucosyl-polysaccharides and the mechanism of their hypoglycemic activity are not yet clear. Therefore, this review comprehensively covers the effects of marine fucosyl-polysaccharides sources, mechanisms and the structure-activity relationship on hypoglycemic activity. Moreover, the potential regulatory effects of fucosyl-polysaccharides on vascular complications caused by hyperglycemia are also summarized in this review. This review provides rationales for the activity study of marine fucosyl-polysaccharides and new insights into the high-value utilization of marine biological resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Mengshi Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shenyuan Cai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Haijin Mou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
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Zhang L, Peng CY, Wang PX, Xu L, Liu JH, Xie X, Lu L, Tu ZC. Hypoglycemic and H 2O 2-induced oxidative injury protective effects and the phytochemical profiles of the ethyl acetate fraction from Radix Paeoniae Alba. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1126359. [PMID: 36908916 PMCID: PMC9998525 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1126359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Radix Paeonia Alba (RPA) is often used as food and medicine. This study aimed to enrich and identify the antioxidant and hypoglycemic bioactive compounds from RPA. The results indicated that the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) showed the highest total phenolic content, DPPH, ABTS+ scavenging ability, and α-glucosidase inhibition ability (IC50 = 7.27 μg/ml). The EAF could alleviate H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells by decreasing the MDA and ROS levels, improving cell apoptosis, increasing the enzyme activity of GPX-Px, CAT, SOD, Na+/K+-ATP, and Ca2+/Mg2+-ATP, and stimulating T-AOC expression, which also enhanced the glucose uptake of insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. In addition, the EAF significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose level and improved glucose tolerance in diabetic mice. An HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis displayed that procyanidin, digallic acid isomer, methyl gallate, tetragalloylglucose isomer, dimethyl gallic acid, and paeoniflorin were the major compounds in the EAF. These findings are meaningful for the application of the EAF in the medicinal or food industry to prevent and treat oxidative stress and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Deshang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chun-Yan Peng
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Pei-Xin Wang
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Linju Xu
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jia-Hui Liu
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xing Xie
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Jiangxi Deshang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zong-Cai Tu
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Xiaotangzhike Pill Attenuates the Progression of Diabetes In Vivo through the Mediation of the Akt/GSK-3 β Axis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6709506. [PMID: 36588590 PMCID: PMC9797293 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6709506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Diabetes seriously threatens the health of people. Traditional Chinese medicine has been proven to inhibit the progression of diabetes. Meanwhile, the Xiaotangzhike pill (XTZK) was known to alleviate the symptom of diabetes. Thus, this research decided to investigate the mechanism underlying the impact of XTZK in diabetes remains unexplored. Methods To assess the impact of XTZK in diabetes, in vivo model of diabetes was constructed. The contents of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the rats were tested by the commercial kits. In addition, Masson and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining were applied for assessing the histological changes and fibrosis in the rats, respectively. Furthermore, a western blot was applied to assess the protein levels. Results Streptozotocin (STZ) significantly increased the levels of area under the curve (AUC), TG, TC, LDL-C, and decreased the contents of HDL-C in rats, while these phenomena were partially reversed by XTZK. In addition, STZ notably induced inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis in the liver tissues of rats, which was greatly restored by XTZK. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum of rats were notably upregulated by STZ, while the effect of STZ was markedly abolished by XTZK. Meanwhile, STZ-caused the upregulation of p-Smad2 and α-SMA in rats was restored by XTZK. Furthermore, XTZK notably inhibited the progression of Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome in diabetes through the mediation of the Akt/GSK-3β axis. Conclusion The Xiaotangzhike pill attenuates the progression of diabetes through the mediation of the Akt/GSK-3β axis. Hence, our study might supply a novel insight into discovering new strategies against diabetes.
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Zhang J, Wang W, Guo D, Bai B, Bo T, Fan S. Antidiabetic Effect of Millet Bran Polysaccharides Partially Mediated via Changes in Gut Microbiome. Foods 2022; 11:foods11213406. [PMID: 36360018 PMCID: PMC9654906 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a type of metabolic disease associated with changes in the intestinal flora. In this study, the regulatory effect of millet bran on intestinal microbiota in a model of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was investigated in an effort to develop new approaches to prevent and treat diabetes and its complications in patients. The effect of purified millet bran polysaccharide (MBP) with three different intragastric doses (400 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg) combined with a high-fat diet was determined in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced model of T2DM. By analyzing the changes in indicators, weight, fasting blood sugar, and other bio-physiological parameters, the changes in gut microbiota were analyzed via high-throughput sequencing to establish the effect of MBP on the intestinal flora. The results showed that MBP alleviated symptoms of high-fat diet-induced T2DM. A high dosage of MBP enhanced the hypoglycemic effects compared with low and medium dosages. During gavage, the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels of rats in the MBP group were significantly reduced (p < 0.05). The glucose tolerance of rats in the MBP group was significantly improved (p < 0.05). In diabetic mice, MBP significantly increased the activities of CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px. The inflammatory symptoms of liver cells and islet cells in the MBP group were alleviated, and the anti-inflammatory effect was partially correlated with the dose of MBP. After 4 weeks of treatment with MBP, the indices of blood lipid in the MBP group were significantly improved compared with those of the DM group (p < 0.05). Treatment with MBP (400 mg/kg) increases the levels of beneficial bacteria and decreases harmful bacteria in the intestinal tract of rats, thus altering the intestinal microbial community and antidiabetic effect on mice with T2DM by modulating gut microbiota. The findings suggest that MBP is a potential pharmaceutical supplement for preventing and treating diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Characteristic Plant Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Dingyi Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Baoqing Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Characteristic Plant Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Tao Bo
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Characteristic Plant Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Sanhong Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Characteristic Plant Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Correspondence:
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